JP2000333616A - Production of solid feed - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a process for the production of a solid feed comprising the thermal processing of a feed raw material containing papain and provide a solid feed produced thereby. SOLUTION: A solid feed is produced by the thermal processing of a papain- containing feed raw material. The enzymatic activity of papain is not inactivated with heat by this process and the solid feed produced thereby improves the feed efficiency when fed to domestic animal or cultured fish.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for producing a solid feed characterized by heating and processing a feed material containing papain, and a solid feed obtained by the method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art With the recent prosperity of the livestock industry and the aquaculture industry, the importance of feed is increasing. For example, the form of aquaculture feed is also gradually changing, and due to marine pollution problems and soaring prices of raw food, raw pellets such as sardines, horse mackerel, mackerel, etc. have changed from dry pellets to EP (Extruded Pellet). It is changing to solid feed such as feed. The demand is increasing year by year. The dry pellets are solid feeds obtained by adding water vapor to the pulverized feed raw material, mechanically compressing and solidifying the raw material, and then drying. On the other hand, EP feed is made from crushed feed ingredients,
This is a solid feed produced by mixing with a granulator (extruder) at a high temperature and a high pressure together with a larger amount of steam than under the dry pellet production conditions (hereinafter, referred to as an extruder treatment). The EP feed exerts a strong compressive force, a cutting force, a shearing force, and the like on the feed material during the extruder treatment. In addition, since a part of the fat and oil and the protein are melted and mixed, they absorb air when ejected from the granulator into the atmosphere, resulting in a solid feed having a porous tissue structure.

[0003] Since solid feed is dried and powdered,
Digestion is poor when given to domestic animals.Especially, EP feed and dry pellets are subjected to heat processing in the production process, so even if digestive enzymes such as amylase are added to feed raw materials,
There is a problem that the enzyme is inactivated, and there has been a demand for the development of an EP feed and a dry pellet that do not lose digestive enzyme activity even after heating.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a solid feed capable of improving feed efficiency and a solid feed obtained by the method.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive studies, the present inventor has found that when a feed material containing papain is heated and processed to produce a solid feed, the enzyme activity of papain is not deactivated by heat. Instead, they found that when administered to livestock and farmed fish, etc., improved their feed efficiency, and completed the present invention.

[0006] That is, the present invention relates to a method for producing a solid feed, which comprises heating and processing a feed material containing papain.

[0007] The present invention also relates to a solid feed obtained by the production method.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Papain contained in the solid feed of the present invention may be either purified papain or crude papain. As the crude papain, for example, a powdery substance obtained by damaging immature papaya fruit, drying a liquid extracted from the fruit, and drying the same is used. Further, as the purified papain, for example, a commercially available product used as a meat softener or a clarifying agent for beer brewing can be suitably used. this house,
Preferably, crude papain is used. For example, papayase AC-G100 (trade name, manufactured by Goshu Yakuhin Co., Ltd.) and papayase G-100 (trade name, manufactured by Gosu Yakuhin Co., Ltd.) are used. The papain content in the solid feed is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.005 to 0.1% by weight, more preferably 0.01 to 0.05% by weight, based on the solid feed. Those containing 0.03 to 0.04% by weight are particularly preferred.

The feed material of the present invention contains, together with the papain and the main component, a base such as lactose, vitamins B1, E,
Various vitamins such as C, minerals such as DL-threonine iron and magnesium sulfate, amino acids such as methionine and lysine, enzyme preparations such as lipase, binding agents such as sodium polyacrylate, natural products such as brewer's yeast, etc. Additives commonly used in the technical field can be incorporated. Of these, lactose and lipase are preferably used.

As the main component of the feed material of the present invention, any feed material available on the market can be used, and it does not matter whether it is a natural feed or an artificial feed. For example, as artificial blended feed, fish meal such as sardine fish meal, animal ingredients such as krill meal, soybean oil cake, coal gluten, vegetable oil cake ingredients such as coal gluten meal, tapioca, flour, grain components such as starch, rice bran, Examples include powders, pastes, pellets, and the like, which are appropriately blended with alga such as rice bran oil cake. The method of blending with the feed material is not particularly limited. For example, in the case of a dough, it may be directly mixed with the feed material, or may be blended after being suspended in water or feed oil. The composition ratio in the feed raw material main component is
For example, in the case of red sea bream, fish meal is 40 ~
80%, a total of 2 to 30% of cereal powder such as starch, defatted soybean powder, and corn gluten, and 4 to 10% of additives (nutrients, water, oil, and others) are used.

As the production method of the present invention, any commonly used production method can be suitably implemented. For example, as described in JP-A-7-177852, a dry pellet can be produced by adding steam to a pulverized feed raw material, mechanically compressing and solidifying, and then drying. On the other hand, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-280333, for example, EP feed is prepared by using a granulator (extruder) to pulverize feed raw materials together with a larger amount of steam than under the dry pellet production conditions, and to obtain a high temperature. -Can be manufactured by mixing under high pressure.

In the extruder treatment, papain is inactivated when heated excessively, and molding and drying cannot be performed when heating is insufficient. Therefore, the heating temperature (barrel temperature) is 60 ° C.
To 200 ° C is preferred, and 80 ° C to 140 ° C is particularly preferred. The heating time is preferably from 30 seconds to 60 minutes, particularly preferably from 30 seconds to 3 minutes. The pressure is preferably ²⁰ to 50 kg / cm ² . The die diameter of the extruder is preferably 1 to 20 mmφ, and the screw rotation speed is 100 to 400 rpm.
Is preferred. Further, as a drying method, any of blast drying and drum drying may be used.

The solid feed of the present invention can be given to any breeding animal, for example, saltwater fish such as yellowtail, thailand, salmon, flounder, trevally, red sea bream, thailand and yellowtail, carp,
It can be used for freshwater fish such as trout, sweetfish, eel, yamame trout and turtle, crustaceans such as prawns and prawns, livestock animals such as cattle, horses, pigs and chickens, and livestock such as dogs and cats. Among these, administration to fish farming such as saltwater fish and freshwater fish is preferred, and administration to turtle, yellowtail, red sea bream and eel is particularly preferred.

The solid feed of the present invention may be administered at any time of breeding, but is preferably administered throughout the breeding. It can also be administered at one time during that period, in which case it is particularly preferable to administer it at a time when feeding of the breeding animal is inactive. By administering the solid feed of the present invention, the feed efficiency of breeding animals can be improved. The solid feed of the present invention may be administered to a breeding animal as it is, or may be given after further adding a spreading agent obtained by adding food oil or water to the solid feed.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples, but these Examples do not limit the present invention.

[0016]

Example 1 Production of EP feed The feed raw materials described in Table 1 below were used as extruder alpha riser α-70 type (trade name, manufactured by Suehiro Iron Works).
, Barrel temperature 100 ° C, pressure 50kg / c
m, die diameter 3mmφ, screw rotation speed 120r
Extruder treatment was performed under pm conditions. At that time, the raw material powder was supplied to an extruder by a screw feeder. Water and feed oil were supplied to the barrel by the metering pump at the ratio indicated by the composition. EP feed granulated by extruder treatment is blown dry at 105 ° C,
The EP feed was obtained by drying the volatile matter to 4% by weight.

[0017]

[Table 1]

Example 2 Method of Weight Gain Test, Feed Efficiency and Calculation of Feed Efficiency Control Ratio 25,000 red sea breams were placed in a cage in the experimental plot, and the papain obtained in the example was contained at 0.03% by weight for 3 months. E
P diet was administered. In addition, a papain-free EP feed was administered under the same conditions in the control cage. At the beginning of the test and at the end of the test 70 to 100 fish weight was measured,
The average of each was calculated. From the weight gain and the total feed amount, the feed efficiency and the feed efficiency control ratio as compared with the control were determined according to the following formula.

Feed efficiency (%) = weight gain x number of fishes / total feed amount Feed efficiency control ratio = feed efficiency / feed efficiency of control The results are shown in Table 2 below. As is clear from Table 2,
EP feed containing papain is EP without papain.
In addition to the feed, the feed efficiency was as high as about 1.2 times.

[0020]

[Table 2]

[0021]

According to the production method of the present invention, it is possible to produce a solid feed in which the digestive enzyme activity is not inactivated, and to improve the feed efficiency of breeding animals.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A method for producing a solid feed, comprising heating and processing a feed material containing papain. 2. The papain content is 0.0 to the solid feed.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the amount is from 0.5 to 0.1% by weight. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the solid feed is a solid feed for fish farming. 4. A solid feed obtained by the method according to claim 1.