JPS6312573B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to aquaculture feed that is effective in promoting the growth of fish and shellfish and preventing and treating diseases. In recent years, natural seafood resources have become increasingly scarce, and to compensate for this, production through aquaculture has become increasingly important. In order to supply fish and shellfish in abundance at low prices through aquaculture, it is necessary to improve aquaculture efficiency as much as possible. However, at present, there are problems such as high mortality rates due to diseases and poor growth rates due to environmental pollution at aquaculture farms or insufficient amounts of high-quality aquaculture feed. In view of this situation, the inventor of the present invention has been diligently researching ways to improve the efficiency of fish and shellfish farming.
The present inventors have discovered that adding ginseng to feed has a significant growth promoting effect and reduces mortality rate, leading to the completion of the present invention. That is, the present invention provides a feed for cultured fish and shellfish to which ginseng or a processed product thereof is added, and a feed for farmed fish and shellfish to which specific vitamins are further added to the feed. The Korean ginseng used in the present invention is a perennial plant of the Araliaceae family, and can be used regardless of its production area or variety as long as it is generally used as a medicinal ginseng. It may be a root, as long as it contains medicinal ingredients. When adding ginseng to feed, ginseng that has been collected from the soil and subjected to low-level processing such as washing, drying, and cutting can be used as is, or it can be used as is after being subjected to low-level processing such as washing, drying, and cutting. It may be a processed product. Examples of the processed product include extracts produced by conventional methods and those made into powders, granules, tablets, etc., and pomace lees obtained as by-products during extract production. The method of adding ginseng or its processed products to feed includes the following:
There is no particular limitation, and for example, it can be produced by adding it to feed materials, or it can be mixed uniformly into the produced feed. Examples of feed for fish and shellfish include animal materials such as fresh fish, fishmeal, internal organs, rabbits, pupae, and fish solubles, and vegetable materials such as cottonseed meal, bran, crushed wheat, soybean meal, wheat flour, and yeast. It is manufactured by appropriately blending as especially,
Feed produced using fresh fish and internal organs as raw materials can also be formed into dumplings by mincing the raw materials and adding a thickening agent (eg, guar gum, xanthan gum). It is also possible to produce feed by filleting fresh fish as raw material and attaching ginseng or a processed product thereof using a glue. The amount of Korean ginseng or its processed products added to feed varies depending on the type of cultured seafood and growth stage, but it is usually added so that the intake amount per 1 kg of fish per day is approximately 0.001 to 1 g as dry matter. . For example, for yellowtail, carp, etc., the dry matter is usually about 0.001 to 1 g, preferably 0.005 to 0.5 g per 1 kg of fish per day.
It is preferable to mix it into feed so that the intake amount is within a certain range. Furthermore, in the present invention, ginseng or a processed product thereof and vitamin A, vitamin B ₁ , vitamin
One or more of B ₆ , vitamin C, vitamin D, folic acid, or choline are added, and feeds containing these in combination have a significant synergistic effect on promoting the growth of fish and shellfish and preventing and treating diseases. demonstrate. The amount of these vitamins added varies depending on the type of farmed seafood and the stage of growth, but in general, per 1 kg of feed, vitamin A is 500 to 8000 (IU), vitamin B ₁ is 1 to 100 mg, and vitamin B ₆ is 1 to 100 mg. 1-100mg,
Vitamin C is 5~5000mg, vitamin D is 100~
3000 (IU), folic acid 0.5-60mg, choline 300-
It is best to add about 10,000 mg. Although there are no particular limitations on the method of adding vitamins, it is common to mix them with feed ingredients together with ginseng or a processed product thereof to produce feed. Among the vitamins mentioned above, when adding vitamin B ₁ , vitamin B ₆ , vitamin C, and folic acid to feed with a high moisture content, these vitamins can be stably retained if coated. Therefore, it is preferable. Here, in the coating process of vitamins, as a simple and economical method, granulation can be carried out using a hydrogenated oil with a melting point of 40° C. or higher using a spray type or centrifugal atomization device as usual. As the hardened oil as a coating agent, for example, beef tallow hardened oil, soybean hardened oil, cottonseed hardened oil, etc. can be used, and it is more preferable to use these together with fatty acids, monoglycerides, wax, etc. The ratio of coating agent to vitamins depends on the type of coating agent used, the particle size of vitamins, the scale of the equipment, the temperature and amount of coating, the ease of use, economic efficiency, etc. You can decide the ratio accordingly, but in general,
It is about 0.8 to 10 times the amount (weight). When producing the feed of the present invention, vitamins (e.g., pantothenic acid, biotin, nicotinic acid), minerals (e.g., sodium, iron, potassium), etc. other than the vitamins used in the present application can be appropriately used in combination. This feed can be administered to all fish and shellfish produced for aquaculture, such as shellfish, and can be used regardless of marine culture, freshwater culture, or growth level. For example, aquaculture fish include yellowtail, carp, salmon, trout, sea bream, eel, sweetfish, pufferfish, etc., and shellfish include shrimp such as prawns, crabs, etc. Furthermore, this feed has a useful effect not only on aquaculture fish and shellfish for food, but also when fed to ornamental aquatic animals such as goldfish and tropical fish. Fish and shellfish for aquaculture raised with the feed of the present invention have a reduced mortality rate of young fish, and their growth is promoted. Furthermore, it has good effects on disease treatment and prevention. The present invention will be explained in more detail below by giving examples. Example 1 A crude drug extract was extracted from Korean ginseng by a conventional method,
The squeezed lees was dried and powdered. On the other hand, sardines,
Pacific saury was minced, 0.5% guar gum and the ingredients shown in Table 1 were added to it to form dumplings to produce feed for yellowtail.

[Table] There it was.
Tables 2 and 3 show the results of feeding the above-mentioned feeds No. 1 and No. 2 to yellowtail to examine changes in average body weight and survival rate. In addition, Korean ginseng lees powder is used as additive-free feed (No. 1).
A similar administration test was conducted for No. 3) in the table as a control.

【table】

[Table] As is clear from the results in Tables 2 and 3, No.
In the No. 1 feed addition area, the yellowtail weight gain was greater than in the No. 3 feed addition area, and the survival rate was also higher. This effect was found to be further enhanced in the No. 2 addition group in which vitamins _B1 and C were added together. Example 2 The roots of Korean ginseng were treated in a conventional manner to remove moisture.
A powder product of 10.8% was obtained. On the other hand, pupa powder, fish powder,
The basic mixture is wheat flour and rice bran, and the above powder is added to this mixture.
A fish feed was produced using a conventional method by mixing the ingredients at a rate of 1 g/Kg (Feed No. 1). In addition, fish feed (No. 2) was produced by mixing the above-mentioned beard root powder at 1 g/Kg, folic acid at 10 mg/Kg, and vitamin C at 100 mg/Kg into the same basic mixed feed. Furthermore, as a control, we added 10mg/folic acid/folic acid to the basic mixed feed without adding beard root powder.
A feed containing only 100 mg/kg of vitamin C and 100 mg/kg of vitamin C was produced (feed No. 3). Note that folic acid and vitamin C were coated with hydrogenated beef tallow oil. The three types of feed thus obtained were fed to young carp and the survival rates were examined, and the results were as shown in Table 4.

[Table] Shows the values after several days.
As is clear from the results in Table 4, the mortality rate of young carp fed feed No. 1 and No. 2, which are the feeds of the present invention, decreased, and especially when feed No. 2 was fed, the survival rate decreased. was 100%.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Feed for cultured fish and shellfish to which Korean ginseng or a processed product thereof is added. 2. The feed for cultured fish and shellfish according to claim 1, which contains one or more of vitamin A, vitamin B ₁ , vitamin B ₆ , vitamin C, vitamin D, folic acid, or choline.