JP2000316318A - Far-infrared treatment of seed rice - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for treating seed rice, capable of producing a rice plant strong against injuries by disease and insect pest, having an active ripening in a grain filling and a high yield. SOLUTION: Seed rice subjected to seed grading by seed selection with a salt solution, etc., is immersed in a pyroligneous acid solution (diluted solution by 100 times) and is irradiated with far-infrared rays at about 20 deg.C solution temperature for about 36 hours. The pyroligneous acid solution is disposed, the seed rice is immersed in clear water and irradiated with far-infrared rays at about 20 deg.C solution temperature at about 20 deg.C liquid temperature for about 48 hours. Further the seed rice is immersed in clear water while replacing the whole amount of clear water every day for about 5-6 days and the seed rice is irradiated with far-infrared rays (about 132 total hours). After the completion of the immersion of the seed rice, the seed rice is dried by far-infrared rays at about 15 deg.C in a barrel for about 48 hours. Then the seed rice is taken out from the barrel, dried in the shade for about 48 hours and then sowed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for far-infrared treatment of seed fir which has a high germination rate after sowing, is resistant to pests and insects, and has a high maturity during the ripening period and can produce a high yield of rice.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It is feared that the world's food shortage will become a reality early in the 21st century. For example, Brown, director of the Worldwatch Institute, warns of a future food crisis, saying that 2020 million tons of food will be lacking in the world by 2030. At such times, the food production system is being promoted from a global perspective. In the near future, the yield will be high and the taste will be good due to genetic modification,
Rice that is resistant to pests and insects and has cold resistance is about to appear. Rice cultivation, which makes extensive use of synthetic fertilizers and chemical pesticides, may still be the mainstream. Can human health eating such rice really be maintained? Rather than producing such uneasy rice, it is being demonstrated, though slightly, that reliable, safe, and delicious rice can be produced and increased in revenue by using far-infrared rays.
You must eat safe foods to stay healthy and longevity. In order to produce such food (rice), it is indispensable to make organically-based soil as environmentally-friendly rice cultivation. The Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries cites concrete methods for soil improvement, such as application of fiber and wood materials, compost (ripened compost) and soil improvement materials for improving physical properties, and application of fibrous compost for improving chemical properties. . The present invention
In the early stage of rice cultivation, in addition to the guidelines of the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, we propose the use of far-infrared energy that is much cleaner than other heat sources.

[0003]

Various metabolisms are performed inside the seeds during the germination preparation period from sowing to germination, but the germination rate and germination speed of the seeds depend on the ripening environment, It tends to fluctuate due to various conditions such as weather and sampling techniques. If the germination preparation period is shortened and rapid and uniform germination is obtained, cultivation management after germination becomes easy, and production costs can be reduced and labor can be saved. For such purpose, it is widely practiced to improve the germination performance of seeds by hydration treatment before sowing. However, after watering the seeds before sowing, treatment of the seeds with sufficient time and temperature is sufficient to increase the vitality of the seeds, but not enough for germination. May lower. An object of the present invention is to provide a seed fir treatment method that can produce rice with a high germination rate after sowing, a high resistance to disease and insect pests, a high maturity during the ripening period, and a high yield.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems To achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention is to immerse seed fir in wood vinegar and irradiate it with far-infrared rays. Irradiate with infrared light, replace with fresh water, irradiate far-red for about 5 to 6 days, and after immersion of seed fir, dry far-red at about 15 ° C for about 48 hours, then shade the seed fir. This is a method for treating far-infrared seed fir. Claim 2
The seed fir selected by salt water selection is immersed in wood vinegar and irradiated with far-infrared rays at a liquid temperature of about 20 ° C for about 36 hours. The wood vinegar liquid is discarded and immersed in clear water for about 48 hours at a liquid temperature of about 20 ° C. After irradiating with far-infrared rays and replacing the whole amount of fresh water in the immersion tank every 24 hours, irradiate with far-red light at a liquid temperature of about 20 ° C. for a total of about 132 hours, and after completion of the seed fir immersion, for about 48 hours, at a temperature of about 15 ° C. , And then seed the seed fir in the shade. The use of far-infrared rays can increase rice cultivation up to 100% or more compared to conventional rice cultivation.

[0005]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Seed fir was immersed in wood vinegar and irradiated with far-infrared light, the wood vinegar solution (100-fold diluted solution) was discarded, immersed in clear water, irradiated with far-infrared light while immersed, and further replaced with fresh water. Then, far infrared rays are continuously irradiated for about 5 to 6 days. After the seed fir immersion is completed, the seed fir is dried in deep red at a temperature of about 15 ° C. for about 48 hours, and then the seed fir is shaded. Seed fir selected by salt water selection or the like is immersed in wood vinegar and irradiated with far infrared rays at a liquid temperature of about 20 ° C. for about 36 hours. The wood vinegar is discarded and immersed in clear water for about 48 hours at a liquid temperature of about 20 ° C. Irradiation with far-infrared light is performed, and the entire amount of fresh water in the immersion tank is replaced every 24 hours. Then, irradiation with far-red light is performed at a liquid temperature of about 20 ° C. for a total of about 132 hours. This is a far-infrared treatment method for seed fir, which is characterized by drying the seed fir at a temperature of about 15 ° C. for about 48 hours after the completion of immersion of the seed fir and then seeding the seed fir in the shade. The seed fir is immersed in a shallow tank and arranged in a multi-stage so that the seed fir is evenly supplied with energy when irradiated with heat rays by a far-infrared heater.

[0006] Method of far-infrared treatment of seed fir (sample) Variety name Koshihikari Seedling size Medium seedling Raising method of seedling Nashiro Rice planting date June 10, 1996 Rice planting method Hand planting Rice planting area 1 tsubo Planting density 70 plants 1 plant 1 plant Water pipe filling (water depth) Approximately 3cm Tillage depth (crop depth) Approximately 10cm Seedling floor soil Mountain soil, compost Honda soil improvement material Ripe compost Cosmos 21 (manufactured by Tachibana Paperware Co., Ltd.), compost far-red heater Tokai Kosen Kogyo 100V 450W (1,300m / m × φ9mm) 1 conductive round bar SH heater with reflector Electric heater 100V 400W 1 unit made by National Note that the above Cosmos 21 is used as a mayu ball (distant) Red sterilized) 500 g, rice bran 6
0 kg, oil cake (soybean or rapeseed) 20 kg, fish residue 20
kg, 20 kg of bone meal, 160 ml of molasses, and about 16 liters of fresh water are packed in a bag of 20 kg of fermented mature fertilizer, and about 0.75 kg of this is sprayed and mixed on a test field. The far-infrared heater is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. Hei 10-96251.
As described in the above item, a ceramic tube, which is a far-infrared radiating element, is provided above a burner (combustion flame port) in a vaporized, forced convection type oil stove, and a radiator and a radiator tube are arranged around the ceramic tube. It is heated and dried by convection due to burner combustion and radiant energy of far infrared rays generated from the heated ceramic cylinder. The thermal energy generated in the burner combustion section is amplified and emitted by the ceramic cylinder. At this time, the low-concentration oxygen contained in the incompletely-burned nitrogen-containing exhaust gas is completely burned again by the high-temperature ceramic cylinder, so that the nitrogen oxide concentration is low and a clean heating state is maintained.

(Comparative Test) (1) Seed Fir Treatment A comparative test was conducted using seed fir irradiated with far-red light (section A) and far-red nonirradiated seed fir (conventional method) (section B). Basic work before sowing seed fir is: (A ward): Salt water selection using a barrel → wood vinegar liquid (100-fold diluted liquid)
And irradiate with far-red light (approximately 36 hours; heated to a water temperature of about 20 ° C. with an electric heater) → Discard the wood vinegar solution and immerse in tap water to irradiate with far-red light (about 48 hours; water temperature about 20 ° C.) → in the immersion tank Replace the entire amount of tap water every 24 hours and irradiate far-red (total 132 hours; water temperature about 20 ° C) → Far-red drying (about 48 hours after completion of seed fir immersion; barrel temperature about 15 ° C) → seed fir Take out of the barrel and shade (about 48 hours) → sowing (April 30). (District B): Salt water selection using barrels → immersed in wood vinegar and heated (about 3
6 hours. Heat the water to about 20 ° C with an electric heater. → Discard the wood vinegar and immerse it in tap water to warm (about 48 hours. Water temperature about 20).
° C) → Replace the entire amount of tap water in the immersion tank every 24 hours and heat (about 132 hours; water temperature about 20 ° C) → Heat after completion of seed fir immersion (about 48 hours; barrel temperature about 15 ° C) → Seed fir is taken out of the barrel and shade (about 48 hours) → sowing (April 30).

[0008] (2) Seedling, rice planting, tillering, heading [A ward] Sprouts germinated and grown about 15 days after sowing. Early June Seedlings are about 10 cm long. June 13 Rice planting. It is about 30 days later than the local farmer's rice planting. One plant per plant. July 13 96 days after salt water selection. The tillers of the seedlings are extremely vigorous and the stems are thick. The number has increased to about 10 per share. September 16 Heading is completed. September 30 Stems are still lush. About 40 effective stems (stems with rice ears) are observed from one seedling. The stems and leaves are blue, but the ears are heavy and can be harvested soon. An average of 110 grains per ear. [Area B] Early June Seedlings are about 10 cm long. Root beam is about 1/2 of A section. June 13 Rice planting. One plant per plant. July 13 Tillering begins. It has increased to about four per share. The stem is about 2/3 thicker than section A. The length of rice is longer than that of the A section. Heading is completed on September 25. Some slight potato diseases are seen. September 30 An average of 26 effective stems are observed from one seedling. There are 3 to 4 invalid stems (stems without ears). Rice harvesting 88 grains per ear on average.

Table 1 shows a comparison between the rice A ward and the B ward in 1996. In Table 1, section A has about 21 bales in terms of 10 ares. Section B had about 7 bales in terms of 10 ares.

[0010]

[Table 1]

[0011] It has been demonstrated that rice cultivation using seed fir irradiated with far-infrared light has an extremely high yield. The germination rate of seed fir sown in the nursery is close to 100%. Seedlings have good roots and thick stems,
The leaves are wide and the stems and leaves are upright. Strong seedlings are less susceptible to potato disease and promise large, rich ears. Using a seed fir irradiated with far-infrared light, sow seedlings in the seedling room to make strong seedlings. The rice fields that have been given only an adequate amount of ripe compost and cosmos 21 will grow the transplanted seedlings healthy. Harvested rice is in good shape without lodging. Seed fir irradiated with far-infrared light is probably due to the energy of far-infrared light that thoroughly extracts the potential characteristics of seed fir. 10 with 1 Tsubota
Even if it does not hit about 21 bales per round, a yield of at least about 14 bales can be expected.

As described above, it is effective to irradiate the seed fir with far-infrared rays, and in conjunction with this, it has been demonstrated that the production of organic rice using only the fully-composted compost and cosmos 21 is useful for the upcoming environmental conservation type rice cultivation. In the near future, when rice cultivation using pesticides and synthetic fertilizers is about to become a major trend, and when rice cultivation is shifting from planting to direct sowing, far-infrared irradiation that is not treated with chemicals or agricultural materials The seed fir must be said to be timely. Depending on the area, when direct sowing is used, direct sowing of Tantan is the mainstream at present. Seed fir of conventional rice cultivation used for this is usually selected with salt water and then coated with calper agent, but in the future, seed fir that only irradiates far in the future will replace this. This has been tested in 1997 on a 5-R paddy field. The yield was about 5 bales. It is about 40% higher than conventional rice cultivation. In addition, dry field direct sowing, which is being developed recently (dry field plowing direct sowing and dry field non-tilling direct sowing, in which rice is sown without plowing after harvesting)
This method is suitable for countries and regions where water is scarce at the time of sowing. In 1998, the experiment was conducted in a 5-areal field. The germination rate was good, the yield was about 4 bales, and the conventional rice cultivation was about 15% higher. In the future, direct-seed cultivation in non-cultivated rice fields and dry rice fields using far-irradiated seeds that have not been treated with chemicals will significantly reduce energy consumption, clean energy, resource conservation, environmental conservation, safe food, economic efficiency, labor saving, etc. Will be adopted.

[0013]

Example: Seed fir selected in salt water selection etc.
(0-fold dilution), and irradiate far-infrared rays continuously for about 36 hours while maintaining the solution temperature at about 20 ° C. Discard the wood vinegar solution, immerse it in clear water, irradiate far infrared rays for about 48 hours while keeping the liquid temperature at about 20 ° C, further replace all the fresh water every 24 hours and immerse, irradiate far red at the liquid temperature of about 20 ° C (total of about 132 Time). After the seed fir immersion is completed, the seed fir is dried in deep red at a temperature of about 15 ° C. for about 48 hours, and then the seed fir is taken out of the barrel and shaded for about 48 hours before sowing.

When seed fir is directly sowed in a flooded field and put into the ground about 1 cm, it suffocates to death. In order to prevent this, germination fir is coated with calper powder (oxygen supply agent) that generates oxygen.
2000 yen when paddy of 00 yen / 1kg is treated with Kalper
It is expensive at JPY / 1Kg. The far-infrared irradiation treatment as in the present invention is inexpensive because the calper agent treatment is not required.

[0015]

According to the present invention, as a result of energy being stored in the paddy by irradiation with far-infrared rays, various metabolisms are promoted, the germination rate after seeding is good, and the rice which is resistant to diseases and insects and has a high yield can be grown. .

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. After immersing seed fir in wood vinegar and irradiating far-infrared rays, discarding the wood vinegar, immersing it in fresh water and irradiating it with far-infrared light, replacing it with fresh water and irradiating it with far-red light for about 5 to 6 days A method of treating seed fir by far-red drying at a temperature of about 15 ° C. for about 48 hours after completion of seed fir immersion, and then shading the seed fir. 2. Seed fir selected by salt water selection or the like is immersed in wood vinegar, irradiated with far infrared rays at a liquid temperature of about 20 ° C. for about 36 hours, discarded and immersed in clear water at a liquid temperature of about 20 ° C. Irradiate for about 48 hours with far-infrared light, replace all the fresh water in the immersion tank every 24 hours, and then irradiate with far-red at a liquid temperature of about 20 ° C for a total of about 132 hours. About 15
A method for far-infrared treatment of seed fir, comprising drying the seed fir at a temperature of 0 ° C. and then seeding the seed fir in the shade.