CN103340043A - Method for improving cold resistance of japonica rice at sprout period by performing irradiation treatment on japonica rice seeds with low-dose electron rays - Google Patents
Method for improving cold resistance of japonica rice at sprout period by performing irradiation treatment on japonica rice seeds with low-dose electron rays Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for improving the cold resistance of japonica rice at sprout period by performing irradiation treatment on japonica rice seeds with low-dose electron rays. The method aims to solve the problem of poor cold resistance of existing japonica rice at sprout period. The method comprises the following specific steps of: before the japonica rice seeds are sown, irradiating the japonica rice seeds with electron rays at the irradiation dose of 5 to 20 Gy and the dose rate of 0.125Gy.s<-1>, thus obtaining seeds, which can be sown, after irradiation; and then, sowing and performing cultivation and management to obtain japonica rice sprouts. The electron rays are formed by high energy charged particles produced by an accelerator, and the electron energy of the electron rays is 0.9Mev. The japonica rice seeds processed by the irradiation of the low-dose electron rays can stimulate the japonica rice sprouts to grow along an optimized direction, thereby improving the cold resistance of the japonica rice sprouts. The method is applied to the field of rice cultivation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that improves japonica rice bud phase cold resistance.
Background technology
The Heilongjiang Province is one of important japonica rice production base of China, but the Heilongjiang Province belongs to cold ground rice workspace, in paddy rice bud phase to the growth of seedling stage chilling injury takes place very easily, so high yield and the stable yields of paddy rice in the chilling injury problem serious threat of paddy rice.The paddy rice bud phase damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature and refers to be subjected to the low temperature invasion and attack during first complete leaf grows from being seeded into, and a kind of of time lengthening or seedling rot that cause sprouting damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature.Bud phase cold resistance is the earn a bare living ability of activity of young shoot cell, from showing as the ability that young shoot brings out green seedling in appearance.Rice seedling bed and the live field in China northeast and southwest and southern early spring, the low temperature disaster takes place to some extent germinateing to the growth of seedling stage, influence formation and the growth potential of the early stage photosynthetic colony of paddy growth, therefore, bud phase cold resistance is important degeneration-resistant proterties of these regional paddy rice early growth stages.Can the power of its repellence not only have close contacting by early growth and quick tiller in early days at low temperatures with paddy growth, and with other cold resistances of late growth stage of rice certain correlation is arranged also.According to the study, paddy rice bud phase cold resistance is dominance by force, is the quantitative character that is subjected to 3～5 gene controls, and with seedling stage, booting stage and maturing stage cold resistance have certain positive correlation.Therefore to improve other cold resistance be both economical and practical method in period by improving paddy rice bud phase cold resistance.The main method of resisting the paddy rice chilling injury at present is to identify and screen strong cold resistance germ plasm resource, is directly producing utilization or is utilizing the cold resistance kind that filters out to cultivate strong cold resistance kind indirectly.Because Different Rice Varieties, the cold resistance of different times are that the breeding difficulty is big by different gene control, conventional breeding and molecular breeding are not also obtained important breakthrough, so paddy rice chilling injury problem fails effectively to be solved always.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is the problem that will solve existing japonica rice bud phase cold resistance difference, provides a kind of low dosage electron ray radiation treatment japonica rice seed that utilizes to improve the method for japonica rice bud phase cold resistance.
A kind of low dosage electron ray radiation treatment japonica rice seed that utilizes of the present invention with the method that improves japonica rice bud phase cold resistance is: use the electronics x ray irradiation x before the japonica rice planting seed, irradiation dose is 5～20Gy, and dose rate is 0.125Gys
-1, the japonica rice seed behind the irradiation is sowing and uses the japonica rice seed, sows then, and cultivation management obtains the japonica rice young shoot.Described electron ray is the high energy charged particles that accelerator produces, and the electron energy of electron ray is 0.9MeV.
The used electron ray of the present invention is the high energy charged particles that accelerator produces, quality is very little, range is short, the weak energy size of penetration power and penetration depth, irradiation dose and dose rate can be adjusted within the specific limits, the growth that low dose irradiation is handled crop has facilitation, accelerate metabolism, enliven its vital functions, thereby bring some favourable variation for the growth of organism, growth.Thereby with low dosage electron ray radiation treatment japonica rice seed, can stimulate the present age japonica rice young shoot to develop along optimizing direction, the cold resistance of japonica rice young shoot is improved.
Heavy dose of ray has mutagenesis, and low dose of ray has stimulating effect.The low dosage stimulating effect of ionizing ray has breaking dormancy ahead of time, improves percentage of seedgermination, promotes to grow, and improves quality, strengthens characteristics such as resistance and vitality.Effect of low dose radiation can start repair process.Living organism has a series of repair systems, is subjected to chemical factors effects such as ionizing radiation when it and will repairs when sustaining damage.Someone thinks, the A-T base-pair is more than the G-C base-pair in the startup of specific regulating gene loci and maneuvering area, and the former has higher radiosensitivity, when effects of ionizing radiation during in these sites, make to participate in and repair and synthetic modulability gene generation solution disinhibition, thereby started repair process.The microlesion of low dose of caused by ionizing radiation can start the repair system of living organism, that is activates the activity of a series of repair enzymes, and repair system is activated, and namely is induced.Like this, not only can play the effect of repairing damage, but also can strengthen the metabolism of living organism, namely promote the raising of clean metaboilic level, can promote like this to grow, play spread effect.Low dose radiation can also be induced the protectiveness enzyme, as the greater activity of glutathione (GTR) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), is another important mechanism reason of radiostimulation effect.Experiment shows that when the content of these enzymes was higher, it is the most obvious that radiostimulation shows.Low dose radiation may influence the detoxication of cell endoperoxide.
Electron ray is not only electrically charged but also rest mass arranged, and is mainly inelastic collision, elastic scattering and Bremsstrahlung with the mode of action of material.Therefore what use among the present invention is the stimulating effect of electron ray, rather than mutagenesis, requires the penetration power of ray little, and ray can not reach target molecule, so electron ray is easier reaches this requirement.Dose rate is crossed to hang down and is caused " anti-dose rate " effect easily, i.e. cell death obviously increases, and does not reach the effect of stimulating growth.Therefore the electron ray of the adjustable accelerator generation of dose rate is more suitable for the present invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the different irradiation doses of electron ray are to the graph of relation of the influence of japonica rice cold resistance; Wherein a is No. 4 rice paddy seeds of round-grained rice of pacifying, and b is No. 1 rice paddy seed of middle imperial round-grained rice, and c is No. 31 rice paddy seeds of imperial round-grained rice.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: a kind of low dosage electron ray radiation treatment japonica rice seed that utilizes of present embodiment with the method that improves japonica rice bud phase cold resistance is: use the electronics x ray irradiation x before the japonica rice planting seed, irradiation dose is 5～20Gy, and dose rate is 0.125Gys
-1, the japonica rice seed behind the irradiation is sowing, and use japonica rice seed, described electron ray be the high energy charged particles of accelerator generation, the electron energy of electron ray is 0.9MeV.
The used electron ray of present embodiment is the high energy charged particles that accelerator produces, quality is very little, range is short, the weak energy size of penetration power and penetration depth, irradiation dose and dose rate can be adjusted within the specific limits, the growth that low dose irradiation is handled crop has facilitation, accelerate metabolism, enliven its vital functions, thereby bring some favourable variation for the growth of organism, growth.Thereby with low dosage electron ray radiation treatment japonica rice seed, can stimulate the present age japonica rice young shoot to develop along optimizing direction, the cold resistance of japonica rice young shoot is improved.
Heavy dose of ray has mutagenesis, and low dose of ray has stimulating effect.The low dosage stimulating effect of ionizing ray has breaking dormancy ahead of time, improves percentage of seedgermination, promotes to grow, and improves quality, strengthens characteristics such as resistance and vitality.Effect of low dose radiation can start repair process.Living organism has a series of repair systems, is subjected to chemical factors effects such as ionizing radiation when it and will repairs when sustaining damage.Someone thinks, the A-T base-pair is more than the G-C base-pair in the startup of specific regulating gene loci and maneuvering area, and the former has higher radiosensitivity, when effects of ionizing radiation during in these sites, make to participate in and repair and synthetic modulability gene generation solution disinhibition, thereby started repair process.The microlesion of low dose of caused by ionizing radiation can start the repair system of living organism, that is activates the activity of a series of repair enzymes, and repair system is activated, and namely is induced.Like this, not only can play the effect of repairing damage, but also can strengthen the metabolism of living organism, namely promote the raising of clean metaboilic level, can promote like this to grow, play spread effect.Low dose radiation can also be induced the protectiveness enzyme, as the greater activity of glutathione (GTR) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), is another important mechanism reason of radiostimulation effect.Experiment shows that when the content of these enzymes was higher, it is the most obvious that radiostimulation shows.Low dose radiation may influence the detoxication of cell endoperoxide.
Electron ray is not only electrically charged but also rest mass arranged, and is mainly inelastic collision, elastic scattering and Bremsstrahlung with the mode of action of material.Therefore what use in the present embodiment is the stimulating effect of electron ray, rather than mutagenesis, requires the penetration power of ray little, and ray can not reach target molecule, so electron ray is easier reaches this requirement.Dose rate is crossed to hang down and is caused " anti-dose rate " effect easily, i.e. cell death obviously increases, and does not reach the effect of stimulating growth.Therefore the electron ray of the adjustable accelerator generation of dose rate is more suitable for present embodiment.
Embodiment two: what present embodiment and embodiment one were different is: described japonica rice seed is No. 4 rice paddy seeds of round-grained rice of pacifying, and irradiation dose is 5～20Gy.Other are identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: what present embodiment was different with embodiment one or two is: described japonica rice seed is No. 1 rice paddy seed of middle imperial round-grained rice, and irradiation dose is 5～20Gy.Other are identical with embodiment one or two.
Embodiment four: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to three is: described japonica rice seed is No. 31 rice paddy seeds of imperial round-grained rice, and irradiation dose is 10～20Gy.Other steps are identical with one of embodiment one to three with parameter.
Embodiment five: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to four is: described japonica rice seed is No. 4 rice paddy seeds of round-grained rice of pacifying, and irradiation dose is 5Gy.Other steps are identical with one of embodiment one to four with parameter.
Embodiment six: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to five is: described japonica rice seed is No. 1 rice paddy seed of middle imperial round-grained rice, and irradiation dose is 15Gy.Other steps are identical with one of embodiment one to five with parameter.
Embodiment seven: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to six is: described japonica rice seed is No. 31 rice paddy seeds of imperial round-grained rice, and irradiation dose is 20Gy.Other steps are identical with one of embodiment one to six with parameter.
By following verification experimental verification beneficial effect of the present invention:
Test 1, this test are divided into experimental group and control group;
Experimental group and control group are got No. 4 rice paddy seeds of 100 peaceful round-grained rice respectively and are tested;
Experimental group utilizes low dosage electron ray radiation treatment japonica rice seed with the method that improves japonica rice bud phase cold resistance to be: use the electronics x ray irradiation x before experimental group is pacified No. 4 rice paddy seed sowings of round-grained rice, irradiation dose is 5Gy, and dose rate is 0.125Gys
-1, the japonica rice seed behind the irradiation is sowing, and use japonica rice seed, described electron ray be the high energy charged particles of accelerator generation, the electron energy of electron ray is 0.9MeV.
This test adopts the method for bud phase 5 ℃ of low temperature stress 10d to carry out paddy rice bud phase low temperature stress and resistance evaluation.Concrete grammar is: vernalization in the insulating box that son places 32 ℃ is planted experimentally in the confession that son and control group are planted experimentally in the confession that the experimental group radiation treatment is intact, when the long 5mm of the bud left and right sides, changes 5 ℃ the interior low temperature treatment 10d of low temperature incubator over to.After processing finishes, young shoot is placed the indoor environment that sunlight is arranged more than 20 ℃, make young shoot recover growth.Behind the 10d, the investigation young shoot changes green situation, calculates planting percent.Formula is: planting percent (%)=survive seedling number/total grain number * 100 of sprouting.
The data of survival rate are added up as can be known, and the survival rate of this test experimental group is 78.2%, and the survival rate of control group is 66.6%.
Test 2, this test are divided into experimental group and control group;
Experimental group and control group are got in 100 No. 1 rice paddy seed of imperial round-grained rice respectively and are tested;
Experimental group utilizes low dosage electron ray radiation treatment japonica rice seed with the method that improves japonica rice bud phase cold resistance to be: use the electronics x ray irradiation x before No. 1 rice paddy seed sowing of middle imperial round-grained rice of experimental group, irradiation dose is 15Gy, and dose rate is 0.125Gys
-1, the japonica rice seed behind the irradiation is sowing, and use japonica rice seed, described electron ray be the high energy charged particles of accelerator generation, the electron energy of electron ray is 0.9MeV.
This test adopts the method for bud phase 5 ℃ of low temperature stress 10d to carry out paddy rice bud phase low temperature stress and resistance evaluation.Concrete grammar is: vernalization in the insulating box that son places 32 ℃ is planted experimentally in the confession that son and control group are planted experimentally in the confession that the experimental group radiation treatment is intact, when the long 5mm of the bud left and right sides, changes 5 ℃ the interior low temperature treatment 10d of low temperature incubator over to.After processing finishes, young shoot is placed the indoor environment that sunlight is arranged more than 20 ℃, make young shoot recover growth.Behind the 10d, the investigation young shoot changes green situation, calculates planting percent.Formula is: planting percent (%)=survive seedling number/total grain number * 100 of sprouting.
The data of survival rate are added up as can be known, and the survival rate of this test experimental group is 96.6%, and the survival rate of control group is 82.1%.
Test 3, this test are divided into experimental group and control group;
Experimental group and control group are got No. 31 rice paddy seeds of 100 imperial round-grained rice respectively and are tested;
Experimental group utilizes low dosage electron ray radiation treatment japonica rice seed with the method that improves japonica rice bud phase cold resistance to be: use the electronics x ray irradiation x before No. 31 rice paddy seed sowings of experimental group dragon round-grained rice, irradiation dose is 20Gy, and dose rate is 0.125Gys
-1, the japonica rice seed behind the irradiation is sowing, and use japonica rice seed, described electron ray be the high energy charged particles of accelerator generation, the electron energy of electron ray is 0.9MeV.
This test adopts the method for bud phase 5 ℃ of low temperature stress 10d to carry out paddy rice bud phase low temperature stress and resistance evaluation.Concrete grammar is: vernalization in the insulating box that son places 32 ℃ is planted experimentally in the confession that son and control group are planted experimentally in the confession that the experimental group radiation treatment is intact, when the long 5mm of the bud left and right sides, changes 5 ℃ the interior low temperature treatment 10d of low temperature incubator over to.After processing finishes, young shoot is placed the indoor environment that sunlight is arranged more than 20 ℃, make young shoot recover growth.Behind the 10d, the investigation young shoot changes green situation, calculates planting percent.Formula is: planting percent (%)=survive seedling number/total grain number * 100 of sprouting.
The data of survival rate are added up as can be known, and the survival rate of this test experimental group is 90.7%, and the survival rate of control group is 82%.
By test 1～3 as can be known, with low dosage electron ray radiation treatment japonica rice seed, can stimulate the present age japonica rice young shoot to develop along optimizing direction, the cold resistance of japonica rice young shoot is improved, and repeatability, reliability is all more stable, has the value of production application.
Test 4, the different irradiation doses of electron ray are to the influence of japonica rice cold resistance
Test method is: No. 4 rice paddy seeds of 400 peaceful round-grained rice are divided into four parts, and the irradiation dose of No. 4 rice paddy seeds of four portions of peaceful round-grained rice is 5Gy, 10Gy, 15Gy and 20Gy, and dose rate all is 0.125Gys
-1, be calculated to be motility rate then.
No. 1 rice paddy seed of imperial round-grained rice in 400 is divided into four parts, and the irradiation dose of No. 1 rice paddy seed of imperial round-grained rice is 5Gy, 10Gy, 15Gy and 20Gy in four parts, and dose rate all is 0.125Gys
-1, be calculated to be motility rate then.
No. 31 rice paddy seeds of 400 imperial round-grained rice are divided into four parts, and the irradiation dose of No. 31 rice paddy seeds of four portions of imperial round-grained rice is 5Gy, 10Gy, 15Gy and 20Gy, and dose rate all is 0.125Gys
-1, be calculated to be motility rate then.
The result of the test of this test as can be seen from Figure 1, with low dosage electron ray radiation treatment japonica rice seed, is improved the cold resistance of japonica rice young shoot as shown in Figure 1, and the stability of this raising and reliability are better; Different irradiation doses are also different to the raising of different cultivars japonica rice cold resistance simultaneously, and the electron ray that the adjustable accelerator of dose rate produces is more suitable for this test.
Claims (7)
1. one kind is utilized low dosage electron ray radiation treatment japonica rice seed to improve the method for japonica rice bud phase cold resistance, it is characterized in that utilizing low dosage electron ray radiation treatment japonica rice seed with the method that improves japonica rice bud phase cold resistance to be: before the japonica rice planting seed, to use the electronics x ray irradiation x, irradiation dose is 5～20Gy, and dose rate is 0.125Gys
-1, the japonica rice seed behind the irradiation is sowing, and use japonica rice seed, described electron ray be the high energy charged particles of accelerator generation, the electron energy of electron ray is 0.9MeV.
2. a kind of low dosage electron ray radiation treatment japonica rice seed that utilizes according to claim 1 is characterized in that to improve the method for japonica rice bud phase cold resistance described japonica rice seed is No. 4 rice paddy seeds of round-grained rice of pacifying, and irradiation dose is 5～20Gy.
3. a kind of low dosage electron ray radiation treatment japonica rice seed that utilizes according to claim 2 is characterized in that to improve the method for japonica rice bud phase cold resistance described japonica rice seed is No. 4 rice paddy seeds of round-grained rice of pacifying, and irradiation dose is 5Gy.
4. a kind of low dosage electron ray radiation treatment japonica rice seed that utilizes according to claim 1 is characterized in that to improve the method for japonica rice bud phase cold resistance described japonica rice seed is No. 1 rice paddy seed of middle imperial round-grained rice, and irradiation dose is 5～20Gy.
5. a kind of low dosage electron ray radiation treatment japonica rice seed that utilizes according to claim 4 is characterized in that to improve the method for japonica rice bud phase cold resistance described japonica rice seed is No. 1 rice paddy seed of middle imperial round-grained rice, and irradiation dose is 15Gy.
6. a kind of low dosage electron ray radiation treatment japonica rice seed that utilizes according to claim 1 is characterized in that to improve the method for japonica rice bud phase cold resistance described japonica rice seed is No. 31 rice paddy seeds of imperial round-grained rice, and irradiation dose is 10～20Gy.
7. a kind of low dosage electron ray radiation treatment japonica rice seed that utilizes according to claim 6 is characterized in that to improve the method for japonica rice bud phase cold resistance described japonica rice seed is No. 31 rice paddy seeds of imperial round-grained rice, and irradiation dose is 20Gy.
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| JP2000316318A (en) * | 1999-05-11 | 2000-11-21 | Tachibana Paper Wear Kk | Far-infrared treatment of seed rice |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000316318A (en) * | 1999-05-11 | 2000-11-21 | Tachibana Paper Wear Kk | Far-infrared treatment of seed rice |
| CN101194591A (en) * | 2008-01-03 | 2008-06-11 | 北京大学 | Method for plants radioinduction |
| US20100281772A1 (en) * | 2008-02-26 | 2010-11-11 | Horizon Seed Technologies, Inc. | Enhancing yields of harvested plant seeds by treating sowing seeds with selected doses of a physical plant stressor |
| CN101637129A (en) * | 2009-08-25 | 2010-02-03 | 浙江大学 | Culture method of cold-resistant anthurium andraenum |
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Application publication date: 20131009 |