CN101194591A - Method for plants radioinduction - Google Patents
Method for plants radioinduction Download PDFInfo
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- CN101194591A CN101194591A CNA2008100559551A CN200810055955A CN101194591A CN 101194591 A CN101194591 A CN 101194591A CN A2008100559551 A CNA2008100559551 A CN A2008100559551A CN 200810055955 A CN200810055955 A CN 200810055955A CN 101194591 A CN101194591 A CN 101194591A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for plant radiating mutagenesis. Seeds are sewed and screened to gain mutants after wave rays are utilized to radiate peripheral cells of the stem apex meristem of seeds of plants which are damaged. The invention has the advantages that firstly, the penetration of a shallow layer of wave rays has relatively little damage to fetus of seeds, thereby death rate of seeds is very low, which is equal to improving the mutagenesis base, secondly, wave ray functions of different varieties and different energy can generate small molecules of different signals which are conducted to the stem apex meristem area and arouse bond breaking of corresponded DNA molecules, and mutation varieties which are numerously generated have the characteristic of directional mutation, thirdly, the process time is short and the mutation efficiency is high, fourthly, toxic substances are not involved in the invention, and the invention has no toxicity and harm, is safe and protects the environment, fifthly, a high-energy accelerator is not needed, which greatly reduces cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for a plant species radioinduction.
Background technology
Mutagenesis is to the research of plant gene regulation and control and to a kind of basic skills of the cultivation of new varieties.The normal at present method that adopts can adopt physical agent, and chemokines waits to be realized.Physical agent mainly is directly to penetrate genetic material in plant seed and the direct irradiation damage stem end meristematic cell with high-energy ray.But it is too high that the shortcoming of this method is a lethality rate, and mutation frequency is too low, and mutant stability is bad.Chemokines mainly is to soak by reagent, makes molecular action in chemical molecular and the cell, and shortcoming is bigger to the physiological damage of plant.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the seed lethality height after traditional irradiation treatment, the problem that mutation rate is low the invention provides the new method of a plant species radioinduction.
The method of plant radioinduction provided by the present invention is that the sowing screening obtains mutant after damaging the stem end meristematic tissue peripheral cell of plant seed with x ray irradiation x.
In the described method, described stem end meristematic tissue peripheral cell is meant the histocyte between seed mesosperm and the stem end meristematic tissue, comprises cotyledon cell, cells such as radicle cell.
In the described method, the method of the stem end meristematic tissue peripheral cell of described x ray irradiation x damage plant seed is that ray type and energy are set, make its range can penetrate kind of a skin, the described stem end of irradiation meristematic tissue peripheral cell and can't directly affact stem end meristematic tissue zone; Perhaps stem end meristematic tissue zone is blocked, make the described stem end of x ray irradiation x meristematic tissue peripheral cell and can't directly affact stem end meristematic tissue zone.
In the described method, described ray is to carry the energy ion.
In the described method, the energy of described ray is 1KeV-5GeV; Exposure time can be 1 second-1.5 hours.
Said method can carry out induced mutation to a lot of plants, comprises the similar angiosperm of arabidopsis, tobacco and structure, as paddy rice, and wheat etc.
Principle of the present invention is: according to the degree of depth of plant species blastostyle end meristematic tissue apart from epidermis, utilize the ray of variety classes and different-energy, make its range can penetrate kind of skin and can't directly affact stem end meristematic tissue zone, genetic material in the not direct irradiation stem end meristematic cell, but by after the merismatic peripheral cell of plant species blastostyle end is caused damage, stem end meristematic tissue peripheral cell is (as cotyledon cell, radicle cell etc.) produce signaling molecule, conduction by signaling molecule is to stem end meristematic cell, indirectly-acting is in stem end meristematic cell, the DNA of the core cell that the field planting strain of fighting to the finish is grown causes damage, as dna molecular chain rupture etc., by reparation and regulation process, but cause the genetic variation of plant.Different-energy and different types of ray can produce the unlike signal molecule simultaneously, can cause different genetic variation.
Method of the present invention is the good new method for mutation breeding of a kind of application prospect that a kind of physical mutagenesis and mutagenesis combine, when causing mutagenesis, reduce, have the little and good characteristic of mutagenesis directionality of physical mutagenesis physiological damage simultaneously other part cells injury of seed.
Method of the present invention specifically has following advantage:
1, the shallow-layer of ray penetrates the damage of seed embryo lessly, thereby the seed lethality is very low, is equivalent to improve the mutagenesis radix.
2, the actinism of variety classes different-energy can produce the little molecule of different signals, is transmitted to stem end meristematic tissue zone, causes the chain rupture of corresponding D NA molecule, and it is many to produce the sudden change kind, and has the feature of directed mutagenesis.
3, processing time weak point, the mutation rate height.
4, do not relate to toxic chemical substance, nontoxic, safety and environmental protection.
5, do not need high energy acclerator, greatly reduce cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of principle of the present invention on arabidopsis seed section
Fig. 2 is that sudden change arabidopsis plant photo is downgraded in the generation behind irradiation
Fig. 3 is the arabidopsis plant photo of the many growing point sudden changes of the generation behind irradiation
Fig. 4 is the arabidopsis plant photo of the oversensitive skin sudden change of the generation behind irradiation
Embodiment
Method among the following embodiment if no special instructions, is conventional method.
The present invention is according to the degree of depth of plant species blastostyle end meristematic tissue apart from epidermis, utilize the ray of variety classes and different-energy, make its range can penetrate kind of skin and can't directly affact stem end meristematic tissue zone, genetic material in the not direct irradiation stem end meristematic cell, but by after the merismatic peripheral cell of plant species blastostyle end is caused damage, stem end meristematic tissue peripheral cell is (as cotyledon cell, radicle cell etc.) produce signaling molecule, conduction by signaling molecule is to stem end meristematic cell, indirectly-acting is in stem end meristematic cell, the DNA of the core cell that the field planting strain of fighting to the finish is grown causes damage, by reparation and regulation process, but cause the genetic variation of plant.Simultaneously different-energy and different types of ray can produce the unlike signal molecule, can cause different genetic variation (Fig. 1, r is a radicle among Fig. 1, c is a cotyledon, SAM is a stem end meristematic tissue).
With following embodiment is example, and the effect of the inventive method is described.
Embodiment 1, H
+Ion beam irradiation arabidopsis seed produces mutant
Choose full grains, do not have breakage, 10000 in free of contamination arabidopsis seed
The seed that chooses is adsorbed on the moistening filter paper naturally, is put on the outer target disc of accelerator.The line of accelerator is drawn from vacuum chamber by the thick titanium film of 6.5 μ m.
Select the H of 2.0MeV energy in the vacuum
+Ion beam carries out irradiation, and energy was reduced to 1.1MeV when the air that ion passes 2mm arrived the seed epidermis, and penetration depth is 30 μ m, and stem end meristematic tissue is 80 μ m apart from epidermis.Incident ion fluence scope is 1 * 10
10Ions/cm
2To 1 * 10
13Ions/cm
2
Seed kind behind the irradiation in soil, is observed growing state, is contrast with the arabidopsis seed without irradiation.The result shows behind the planting seed behind the irradiation 14 days, and 8832 seed germinations are arranged, and promptly lethality is 11.7%; Find in observing in the later stage, but 9 genetic mutations are arranged in the plant of sprouting, mutant character can genetic stability get off (through the 3 generations back qualification result that goes down to posterity), mutation rate reaches 0.095%, the sudden change kind comprises downgrades sudden change, and the organ sudden change is spent more in many growing point sudden changes.After the seed that going down to posterity of the dwarfing of the generation behind irradiation mutant plant cultivated for 3 generations is planted 45 days, the dwarfed plant plant height is respectively 3cm, 2.5cm, 2.2cm, 2.5cm (the right four strains among Fig. 2), seed contrast plant height without irradiation is 8.5cm, and 8cm (left side two strains among Fig. 2) as shown in Figure 2.Through the plant of the many growing points of the generation behind irradiation sudden change go down to posterity after cultivating for 3 generations the photo of seed plantation after 30 days as shown in Figure 3.Go down to posterity flower after cultivating for 3 generations and fruit pod photo as shown in Figure 4 through the plant that oversensitive skin sudden change takes place behind the irradiation.The left side two strain plant are the seed contrast without irradiation among Fig. 2, and the right four strain plant are for downgrading mutant plant.Left side plant is many growing points mutant among Fig. 3, and the right plant is an adjoining tree; Oversensitive skin is spent more the flower and the fruit pod of organ mutant among Fig. 4, and the flower and the fruit pod of (WT) planted on the right for contrast.
Embodiment 2, He
2+Ion beam fixed point irradiation tobacco seed produces mutant
Choose complete, about 1000 of the tobacco seed of full grains.On moistening filter paper, 4 ℃ of environment were placed three days down.Make the saturated suction of seed.
Adopt the method for retrofit on silicon chip, to etch the slit that width is about tobacco seed 1/3rd, with the seed stationary arrangement at the slit opposite side, make the slit aim at the radicle part of seed, make stem end meristematic tissue be in the silicon chip shield portions, the He of 10.0MeV energy in the vacuum is selected in the back
2+Ion beam carries out irradiation from the silicon chip opposite side, and energy was reduced to 8.5MeV when ion passed behind the air layer of 6.5 μ mTi films and about 3mm arrival seed epidermis, and incident ion fluence scope is 1 * 10
10Ions/cm
2To 1 * 10
13Ions/cm
2
Seed behind the irradiation is cultivated in 23 ℃ of environment, is contrast with the tobacco seed without irradiation.In about three weeks, when waiting to grow two true leaves, the seed behind the irradiation has 652 survivals.Find in the later stage observation, but 1 genetic mutation is arranged in the plant of survival, mutant character can be got off by genetic stability.Mutation rate about 0.15%.The sudden change kind is that blade is yellowish green, and be green without the blade of the plant of the tobacco seed of irradiation contrast growth.
Claims (8)
1. the method for a plant species radioinduction is that the sowing screening obtains mutant after damaging the merismatic peripheral cell of stem end of plant seed with x ray irradiation x.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the merismatic peripheral cell of described stem end is the seed tissue cell between kind of skin and the stem end meristematic tissue.
3. method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the method for the merismatic peripheral cell of stem end of described x ray irradiation x damage plant seed is that ray type and energy are set, and makes its range can penetrate kind of the skin irradiation merismatic peripheral cell of described stem end and can't directly affact stem end meristematic tissue zone; Perhaps stem end meristematic tissue zone is blocked and make the x ray irradiation x merismatic peripheral cell of described stem end and can't directly act on stem end meristematic tissue zone.
4. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described ray can ion for carrying.
5. method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the energy of described ray is 1KeV-5GeV.
6. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the time of described irradiation is 1 second-1.5 hours.
7. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described mutagenesis plant is an angiosperm.
8. method according to claim 7 is characterized in that: described mutagenesis plant is arabidopsis, tobacco, paddy rice or wheat.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008100559551A CN101194591A (en) | 2008-01-03 | 2008-01-03 | Method for plants radioinduction |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNA2008100559551A CN101194591A (en) | 2008-01-03 | 2008-01-03 | Method for plants radioinduction |
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| CN101194591A true CN101194591A (en) | 2008-06-11 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103340043A (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2013-10-09 | 黑龙江省科学院技术物理研究所 | Method for improving cold resistance of japonica rice at sprout period by performing irradiation treatment on japonica rice seeds with low-dose electron rays |
-
2008
- 2008-01-03 CN CNA2008100559551A patent/CN101194591A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103340043A (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2013-10-09 | 黑龙江省科学院技术物理研究所 | Method for improving cold resistance of japonica rice at sprout period by performing irradiation treatment on japonica rice seeds with low-dose electron rays |
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Open date: 20080611 |