JP2000203959A - Water permeable ceramic block and its production - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce a water permeable ceramic block excellent in water- holding capacity as well as in water permeability and strength and suitable for paving sidewalks, parks or other squares. SOLUTION: The water permeable ceramic block is produced by a process including a step for molding a mixture containing at least an aggregate and a binder and a step for firing the resulting molding in a temperature range of 800-1,200 deg.C. The aggregate demons trates diffraction peaks by X-ray diffraction, has the crystal structure of a multiple oxide containing at least CaO and SiO2 or CaO, Al2O3 and SiO2 and contains >=75 wt.% molten slag of sewage sludge and/or molten slag of garbage.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention makes effective use of sewage sludge melting slag and refuse melting slag generated in large quantities, for example, road structures such as roads and sidewalks, parks and other plazas, parking lots, and various types of construction. The present invention relates to a water-permeable ceramic block suitable for paving the exterior of a product (such as a building) and a method for manufacturing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, it is important to reduce rainwater flowing into sewers and urban rivers by reducing rainwater into the ground, thereby reducing the burden on sewage treatment plants and preventing flooding of rivers. It has become a challenge. It is also important to reduce rainwater into the ground to prevent the depletion of groundwater, prevent land subsidence, and promote planting in urban areas. Furthermore, there is little rebound during rainfall,
There is also a demand for sidewalks that are less likely to be puddleed and have a better walking feeling. The water-permeable block has attracted attention as a material suitable for satisfying such requirements.

As a method of manufacturing such a water-permeable block, Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-42176 discloses a method of manufacturing a water-permeable block by using sewage sludge as a raw material and converting it into a molten slag. This manufacturing method is a method in which the crystallization of the aggregate proceeds in the process of firing the block to increase the aggregate strength.

However, in this conventional water-permeable block, firing conditions are limited in order to maintain the dimensional stability of the block, and therefore the progress of crystallization of the aggregate is insufficient, and the strength is limited. Although the strength is lowered instead of increasing the water permeability, or the aggregate particle size is reduced to prevent the strength from decreasing, the water permeability is not sufficient. Therefore, in municipalities with sewage treatment plants and garbage treatment plants,
They have not found an effective way to use sewage sludge melting slag or waste melting slag.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the conventional water-permeable block, and not only to have excellent water permeability and strength, but also excellent water retention, especially for sidewalks, parks and the like. It is an object of the present invention to provide a permeable ceramic block suitable for paving a plaza and a method for manufacturing the same.

Another object is to use sewage sludge melting slag or refuse melting slag, which is difficult to dispose of, as the main aggregate for effective use.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a step of forming a mixture containing at least the following a and b, and a step of firing a formed body at a temperature of 800 to 1,200 ° C. And a method for producing a water-permeable ceramic block.

A. A diffraction peak is obtained by X-ray diffraction,
Aggregate containing at least 75% by weight of sewage sludge melting slag and / or dust melting slag having a crystal structure of at least CaO and SiO ₂ or a complex oxide containing CaO, Al ₂ O ₃ and SiO _2. .

B. binder.

Preferably, a step of molding a mixture containing at least the following a and b, and
And baking at a temperature in the range of 00 ° C.

A. A diffraction peak is obtained by X-ray diffraction,
At least CaO and SiO ₂ , or CaO and Al ₂ O ₃
A sewage sludge melting slag and / or dust melting slag having a crystal structure of a double oxide containing TiO ₂ and SiO ₂ and having a particle size of 0.5 mm or less in a range of 3 to 12% by weight. Aggregate containing in the range of 80-95% by weight.

B. binder.

Here, as a composite oxide containing CaO and SiO ₂ or CaO, Al ₂ O ₃ and SiO ₂ , anorthite (CaO.2SiO ₂ .Al ₂ O ₃ ) or β-wollastonite ( CaO.SiO ₂ ), Gehlenite (2Ca
O.SiO ₂ .Al ₂ O ₃ ) and the like are preferable.

It is preferable that the sewage sludge-dissolving slag and the waste melting slag are crystallized by slow cooling or re-heat treatment. In particular, it is preferable that the crystalline slow-cooled slag has been subjected to particle size adjustment by pulverization and classification. Further, it is preferable that the granulated slag or air-cooled slag is crystallized by reheat treatment and adjusted to a desired particle size. By modifying the slag to be granular and crystalline,
Since crystallization proceeds under ideal temperature conditions without considering dimensional stability, an aggregate having excellent strength and thermally stabilized can be obtained.

The above aggregate has a maximum particle size of 9.5 mm or less, contains 80% by weight or more of particles having a particle size of 4.75 mm or less, and contains 7 to 25% by weight of particles having a particle size of 0.5 mm or less. %
It is preferable that it is contained within the range of.

Further, it is preferable to use, as the particles having a particle size of 0.5 mm or less, those containing 50% by weight or more of ceramic particles.

Further, in the step of molding the mixture by the above method, the thickness of the molded block is set to 20 to 8
It is also preferable that the thickness is within a range of 5 mm, and a surface layer material including an aggregate is laminated thereon and fired. In this case, the maximum particle size is 5.0 mm or less, the content of particles having a particle size of 0.5 mm or less is 10% by weight or less, and the content of porcelain particles is 50% by weight or more. It is more preferable to use a surface material containing an aggregate.

As binders, feldspar, clay, natural stone, porcelain, sewage sludge melting slag, refuse melting slag,
It is preferable to use powder of at least one material selected from the group consisting of sewage sludge incineration ash, refuse incineration ash, and glass.

Further, it is preferable to use a vibration press for the above-mentioned molding.

Further, according to the present invention, CaO and SiO ₂ , which contain an aggregate containing 80 to 95% by weight of sewage sludge melting slag and / or dust melting slag and a binder and are obtained by X-ray diffraction, or CaO, Al ₂ O ₃ and S
a water-permeable ceramic having a content of a crystalline component determined from a diffraction peak caused by a crystal structure of a complex oxide containing iO _{2 in} the range of 50 to 100% by weight and having an average bending strength of 8 MPa or more; Provide blocks.

Further, in the above, it is preferable that the double oxide is a water-permeable ceramic block which is at least one selected from the group consisting of anorthite, β-wollastonite and gehlenite.

In the present invention, the average bending strength is
The average value of the values obtained by measuring the bending strength of 10 blocks according to JIS A1106.

In the present invention, the content of the crystalline component based on X-ray diffraction means a value obtained by the following method.

The content of the crystalline component is determined by using Cu-Kα ray.
Diffraction angle (2θ) obtained by X-ray diffraction
Among diffraction peaks existing in the range of 55 °, CaO and S
iO _TwoOr CaO and Al_TwoO_ThreeAnd SiO_TwoAnd including
It is determined from a diffraction peak due to the crystal structure of the oxide.

CaO and SiO ₂ , or CaO and Al ₂
Quantification of the crystal component of the double oxide containing O ₃ and SiO ₂ is performed by an internal standard method.

First, a pure powder sample of a crystal to be quantified and a pure alumina powder (synthetic corundum (α-Al ₂ O ₃ )) are prepared as a standard sample. The pure crystal powder and the pure alumina powder are mixed at a weight ratio of 1: 1 and subjected to X-ray diffraction, and the intensity ratio between the main diffraction peaks of the two is examined and used as standard data.

Next, the sewage sludge melting slag and the refuse melting slag pulverized material and pure alumina powder were mixed at a weight ratio of 1: 1 and subjected to X-ray diffraction. By comparing with, the weight% of the crystalline component to be quantified can be obtained. CaO and Si
O ₂ or a complex oxide containing CaO, Al ₂ O _3, and SiO ₂ includes anorthite (CaO.2SiO ₂ .A
l ₂ O ₃ ) and β-wollastonite (CaO.Si)
O ₂ ), Gehlenite (2CaO.SiO ₂ .Al ₂ O ₃ )
The above measurement is performed for each crystal, and the sum of the crystalline components is defined as the content of the crystalline component.

[0028]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the method for producing a water-permeable block according to the present invention will be described below in more detail for each step. I. Step of preparing base layer material: In this step, a forming paste and a binder are added to the aggregate and mixed to prepare a base layer material.

The aggregate generally refers to a granular material such as sand, gravel or crushed stone, and is a material that is a main raw material of a water-permeable ceramic block. The aggregate has an appropriate particle size, is hard and hard, can withstand the heat even during firing, and substantially retains its shape. Partially, fine particles may be included. At the time of firing, partial fusion may occur.

The aggregate used in the present invention has a diffraction peak obtained by X-ray diffraction and has a crystal structure of at least CaO and SiO ₂ , or a complex oxide containing CaO, Al ₂ O ₃ and SiO _2. The sewage sludge melting slag and / or refuse melting slag in an amount of 75% by weight or more. The aggregate has a maximum particle size of 9.5 mm or less and a particle size distribution of 4.75 mm.
The following particles are preferably 80% by weight or more, and the particles having a size of 0.5 mm or less are preferably in the range of 7 to 25% by weight. Also,
In addition to the above, it is also preferable that particles having a particle size in the range of 1.18 to 0.5 mm are contained in the range of 5 to 30% by weight.

Particles having a particle size of 0.5 mm or less are 0.5 m
m, the structure that fills the gaps between the coarse-grained aggregates increases the bonding force between the particles, and the particles are located between the coarse-grained aggregates. In order to absorb the expansion and reduce the volume expansion of the entire block,
This has the effect of suppressing shape deformation due to firing and the occurrence of cracks in the surface layer. When the particles having a particle diameter of 0.5 mm or less are less than 7% by weight, it is difficult to obtain the above-mentioned effects. When the particles exceed 25% by weight, the amount of filling the voids increases, and the water permeability tends to decrease. Become.

In the slag production method, particles of 0.5 mm or less are apt to be insufficient, but it is relatively easy to obtain, and it is possible to supplement ceramic particles of 0.5 mm or less with stable properties as aggregates. it can. At this time, it is preferable that the above ceramic particles are contained in an amount of 50% by weight or more with respect to the particles having a size of 0.5 mm or less. By containing 50% by weight or more, the above-described shape stabilizing effect and surface crack suppressing effect are further improved. As the ceramic particles, ceramic particles and ceramic particles can be used, and they can be used alone or in combination. As the porcelain particles, for example, tile waste and porcelain waste can be used, and as the porcelain particles, for example, porcelain tile waste and power insulator waste can be used. These can be used alone or as a mixture.

Further, CaO and SiO ₂ , or CaO
Al ₂ O ₃ and As mixed oxide containing SiO _2, anorthite _{(CaO · 2SiO 2 · Al 2} O 3) or β- wollastonite (CaO · SiO _2), gehlenite (2C
aO.SiO ₂ .Al ₂ O ₃ ) or the like is preferably used.

The sewage sludge molten slag is obtained by separating the sewage into sewage and sludge, further condensing and dewatering the sludge, melting the cake, collecting the cake, and cooling the cake. There are cold slag and the like. Waste melting slag is incinerated, melted, collected, and cooled.
Depending on the cooling method, there are granulated slag, air-cooled slag, etc.Moreover, cooling is performed while controlling the temperature, and in the process, crystallization is promoted by slow cooling slag, and granulated slag or air-cooled slag is re-heat treated. There is a recommended crystallized slag. In order to promote slag crystallization, components such as CaO and SiO ₂ may be adjusted in advance. Aggregate is inexpensive compared to natural raw materials, and is optimal as a raw material for civil engineering and building materials consumed in large quantities.

If the aggregate contains more than 25% by weight of raw materials other than the sewage sludge melting slag and the refuse melting slag, the advantage that the sewage sludge melting slag and the refuse melting slag are inexpensive is lost. Also, the effects of disposal and effective utilization of urban garbage will be reduced. If the aggregate having a particle size exceeding 4.75 mm is contained in an amount exceeding 20% by weight, the strength and the product surface smoothness are impaired.

Further, a peak was obtained from the aggregate by X-ray diffraction.
And at least CaO and SiO _TwoOr CaO
And Al_TwoO_ThreeAnd SiO_TwoHas the crystal structure of a complex oxide containing
And 3 to 12 particles having a particle size of 0.5 mm or less.
Sewage sludge containing molten slag and / or
Aggregate in which the molten slag is in the range of 80 to 95% by weight
And firing using a mixture containing a binder
During the firing of the block, these low melting temperature slag
Some of the fine particles melt and function as a binder.
High performance with an average bending strength of 8 MPa or more
Can be obtained. In the present invention
Can obtain such a very strong block.
For high strength applications such as vehicle entry
Conventionally, the thickness of the block is, for example, 60 m
It was necessary to increase the thickness from m to 80 mm.
According to the invention, it is possible to respond with a normal product having a thickness of 60 mm.
There are merits such as cutting.

When the sewage sludge melting slag and / or dust melting slag contains less than 3% by weight of particles having a size of 0.5 mm or less, the above-mentioned functions cannot be sufficiently exhibited.
If it exceeds 12% by weight, the average bending strength is improved, but the sintering proceeds too much and the shape stability of the block tends to deteriorate, and the water permeability tends to decrease.

In addition, the effect of the aggregate fusion by the molten slag fine particles is likely to cause a strong bond with the molten slag coarse aggregate which is a homogeneous aggregate. Therefore, when the molten slag is less than 80% by weight, it is difficult to obtain the above-mentioned effects. When the molten slag exceeds 95% by weight, the amount of ceramic particles added as an auxiliary aggregate described below is reduced, and the shape stabilizing effect due to this is small. Prone.

In the present invention, the maximum size of the crushed pieces is determined by a sieve specified in JIS Z8801.
Sieve 0 g, expressed as the smallest sieve opening of the sieve through which 100-95% by weight of aggregate passes. Similarly, the particle size distribution is expressed by a weight ratio of 2 kg of the aggregate using a sieve specified in JISZ8801.

The sewage sludge melting slag and dust melting slag used in the present invention are characterized by being crystalline. Whether or not the sewage sludge melting slag and the dust melting slag are crystalline can be confirmed by, for example, X-ray diffraction. An X-ray diffraction pattern of a powder sample obtained by finely crushing particles of sewage sludge melting refuse slag and dust melting slag is examined. If a diffraction peak is observed, it can be determined that the sample is crystalline. The diffraction pattern in that case is CaO and SiO ₂ or CaO and Al ₂ O ₃ and Si.
It preferably shows a crystal structure of a double oxide containing O ₂ . By making the slag crystalline, the slag has excellent strength and is thermally stabilized, so that expansion and foaming due to firing do not occur. Therefore, a water-permeable ceramic block having excellent strength and dimensional accuracy can be obtained.

On the other hand, as the binder, feldspar, clay, natural stone, porcelain, sewage sludge melting slag, trash melting slag, sewage sludge incineration ash, trash incineration ash or glass powder having a lower melting point or smaller particle size distribution than the aggregates Can be used. The binder preferably has a coefficient of thermal expansion equal to or higher than that of the aggregate in order to reduce distortion generated in the aggregate and the binder during firing. The binder melts at the time of firing and bonds the aggregates together, but the maximum particle size of the binder is such that the bonding of the aggregates is performed uniformly, and it takes time to melt at the time of firing and the energy cost is low. The thickness is preferably 0.5 mm or less so as not to rise. The amount of the binder is determined in consideration of the strength and water permeability of the block, but is usually added in an amount of about 3 to 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the aggregate.

As the molding paste, organic pastes such as carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), methylcellulose and starch, and inorganic pastes such as water glass and cement can be used. Furthermore, bentonite and clay can also be used. Normally, the powdered material is used after being added with water and in the form of an aqueous solution or paste. However, a method of mixing with dry powder and adding water to the mixture later may be adopted.

The amount of the sizing agent is determined in consideration of the shape retention at the time of subsequent molding and the handling of the molded product at the time of firing, and is usually about 5 to 20 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the aggregate. Added.

Now, when mixing the aggregate with the molding paste and the binder, it is preferable to first add the liquefied paste to the aggregate, for example, by showering while adding it little by little.
Next, it is preferable to add the binder to the mixture of the aggregate and the paste while adding the binder little by little. Here, the reason why the aggregate and the sizing agent are mixed in advance and the binder is further added to the mixture and mixed is to first spread the liquid sizing agent uniformly on the surface of the aggregate. If they are mixed at the same time, the sizing agent and the fine binder tend to agglomerate, and the agglomerated sizing agent adheres to the mold at the time of molding, or the sizing agent and the binder agglomerate, thereby reducing the function of the original bonding. For the same purpose, fine particles contained in the aggregate, for example, particles of 0.5 mm or less, are sieved in advance, and are added after the aggregate of 0.5 mm or more and the sizing agent are mixed similarly to the binder. It is also preferred.

It is also possible to first mix the powdered paste with dry powder and then add water to the mixture.
When the paste is made liquid, it is very effective in cases where the paste has high viscosity and poor dispersibility, and aggregation is likely to occur. II. Step of preparing surface layer material: Although it is possible to form a block using only the above-described base material, it is also preferable to form a surface layer of another specification on the base material. In that case, in the forming step, a thickness of 3 to 15 mm is placed on a substrate having a thickness of 20 to 85 mm.
It is preferable to form a surface layer of mm.

The surface material is also prepared in the same manner as the base material.

The surface material has a maximum particle size of 5.0 mm or less and a content of particles having a particle size of 0.5 mm or less of 1 mm or less.
It is preferable to use an aggregate containing 0% by weight or less and containing 50% by weight or more of porcelain particles.

Here, if the porcelain particles are used in an amount of 50% by weight or more, the surface of the surface layer is hardly stained, and the washing can be easily performed by washing with water. As the porcelain particles, for example, porcelain tile waste and power insulator waste alone,
Alternatively, they can be used as a mixture. Of course, sewage sludge melting slag and / or dust melting slag can also be used. In this case, for example, the molten slag becomes a speckled pattern, and an improvement in designability can be expected.

When the maximum size of the aggregate is 5 mm or more, the slip resistance value of the surface layer when wet becomes small, and the aggregate becomes slippery when wet such as rainfall. The sliding resistance value is ASTM
Determined in accordance with E303. If the particles in the range of 0.5 mm or less are 10% by weight or more, the filling property at the time of molding is poor, and the shrinkage behavior differs between the base layer and the surface layer during firing, which causes distortion between layers and cracks in the surface layer. Become. Also, the dimensions of the voids are increased in small portions, and the water permeability is reduced.

In order to color the surface layer, a pigment can be added to the surface layer material when preparing the material. As the pigment, a powder of iron oxide, titanium oxide, cobalt oxide or the like can be used, and is usually added to and mixed with the aggregate.
The amount of the pigment depends on the degree of color development, etc.
About 0.2 to 10 parts by weight is added to 0 parts by weight.

Further, when preparing the surface layer material, it is possible to improve the design by adding a spot material having a size equal to or smaller than that of the aggregate to make the surface design look like a natural stone or to form various patterns. it can. As the spotting material, artificial inorganic particles that have already been colored, or particles that develop a strong color after firing, such as plum, manganese, iron, and garnet, are preferable.The amount depends on the design of the formation pattern, and the like. Lumber 100
About 2 to 10 parts by weight are added to parts by weight. III. Molding step: Molding is performed using a mold, taking into consideration the filling thickness so as to obtain a desired thickness after firing.

Although the base material alone can be used as a product, two
In the case of forming a layer, first, a base layer material is put into a mold and subjected to primary forming by using a vibration press, and then a surface layer material is put thereon, and pressed again to be formed. IV. Firing step: In this step, the molded body obtained in the above-mentioned molding step is fired to obtain a water-permeable block. The molded body is dried prior to firing, or if water glass is used as a sizing agent, carbon dioxide is allowed to act on it to cure the water glass temporarily, or if cement is used, it is cured. To accelerate the hydration reaction and harden it, making it easier to handle.

For firing, a tunnel kiln, a roller hearth kiln, or the like can be used. The firing conditions are determined in consideration of the fire resistance of the aggregate, the melting behavior of the binder, and the like, and are usually in the range of 800 to 1,200 ° C. The firing time depends on the type of the base layer material and the surface layer material, the size of the molded body, and the like, and cannot be unconditionally determined, but is about 2 to 72 hours.

According to the method for producing a water-permeable ceramic block described above, an aggregate containing 80 to 95% by weight of sewage sludge melting slag and / or dust melting slag and a binder are obtained by X-ray diffraction. CaO and Si
Water permeability in which the content of a crystalline component determined from a diffraction peak caused by the crystal structure of O ₂ or a complex oxide containing CaO, Al ₂ O ₃ and SiO ₂ is in the range of 50 to 100% by weight A ceramic block can be obtained, and an extremely high-strength block having an average bending strength of 8 MPa or more can be manufactured.

When the content of the crystalline component is 50 to 10
When the content is within the range of 0% by weight, the strength of the particles serving as the aggregate increases, so that a high-strength block having an average bending strength of 8 MPa or more is obtained. When the above content is less than 50% by weight,
Substantially more vitreous particles increase the strength.

[0056]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

In the examples, the characteristic values were obtained by the following methods.

Porosity: The surface layer was cut and removed from the block, and a test piece of about 5 × 5 × 5 cm square was cut out.
After drying at 05 ° C. for 24 hours, the mixture was cooled to room temperature and weighed w
(G) and the volume V (cm ³ ), the bulk density ρ1 = w / V is determined. The apparent density ρ2 of the test piece treated in the same manner is determined by the following equation from the apparent density ρ2 determined by the Archimedes method.

Porosity (%) = (1-ρ1 / ρ2) × 100 Permeability: Determined according to JIS A1218.

Water retention: After the dried block was immersed in water, the weight increment of the block that was gently removed so that water did not flow out was determined as the water retention per block. Example 1 A sewage sludge crystallized slag having a maximum particle size of 4.75 mm
72% by weight of particles in the range of 4.75 to 1.18 mm, 18% by weight of particles in the range of 1.18 to 0.5 mm, 0.1% by weight.
Classification was performed so that the range of 5 mm or less had a particle size distribution of 10% by weight to obtain an aggregate. This sewage sludge crystallized slag has a strong diffraction peak observed by the X-ray diffraction method. Gelenite (2CaO.SiO ₂ .Al ₂ O ₃ ) and anorthite (C
aO.2SiO ₂ .Al ₂ O ₃ ) was confirmed to have a structure with a high crystallization ratio.

In addition, water glass No. 3 was used as an adhesive for the aggregate 1
100 parts by weight was added and mixed so as to be 10 parts by weight, and the obtained mixture was used as a binder, and the powder (maximum size: 0.3 mm) of the waste glass sheet was used as a binder so as to be 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the aggregate. To obtain a base layer material.

On the other hand, crushed pieces (maximum size: 1.7 mm, 6% by weight in the range of 0.5 mm or less, 6% by weight) of the porcelain tile waste are used as aggregates, and iron oxide pigment is added to the aggregates for 100 parts by weight of the aggregates. 2 parts by weight were added and mixed. Further, water glass No. 3 was added and mixed as a sizing agent in an amount of 8 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the aggregate, and the obtained mixture was used as a binder for waste sheet glass. Powder (maximum dimension 0.3 mm) was added so as to be 8 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the aggregate.
After mixing, a surface layer material was obtained.

Next, the above-mentioned base layer material was put into a mold so as to have a thickness of 55 mm, and was subjected to 0.098 MPa using a vibration press.
a (1 kgf / cm ² ) after the primary molding, the above-mentioned surface layer material was put thereon so as to have a thickness of 15 mm, and pressed again at a pressure of 0.098 MPa (1 kgf / cm ² ). .

Next, the molded body was subjected to carbon dioxide gas to first harden the water glass No. 3 as a sizing agent, and then calcined at 1,100 ° C. for 28 hours using a tunnel kiln.
A block having a size of 00 × 200 mm, a surface layer thickness of 12 mm, a base layer thickness of 48 mm, and an overall thickness of 60 mm was obtained.

The data of the water-permeable blocks obtained by using the present invention under the above-mentioned production conditions are listed as follows. Those having excellent water-permeability, strength, and water-retentivity as originally intended are as follows. was gotten.

Water permeability: 4.1 × 10 ⁻² cm / sec Average bending strength: 5.6 MPa (57 kgf / cm ² ) Water retention: 0.2 kg / piece Porosity: 21% Mohs hardness of surface layer surface: 6. 5 Slip resistance value when wet: 52 BPN Example 2 10 parts by weight of porcelain tile debris pulverized to a particle size of 0.5 mm or less was added to 90 parts by weight of trash crystallization slag having a maximum particle size of 4.75 mm, and Of 4.75-1.
69% by weight of particles in the range of 18 mm, 1.18-0.5
A block was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the aggregate used as the base layer was adjusted so that the particles in the range of 15 mm by weight and the particles of 0.5 mm or less contained 16% by weight. The dust crystallized slag has a strong diffraction peak by X-ray diffraction, and a diffraction angle 2θ of 20 to 5
From the diffraction pattern in the range of 5 °, Gehrenite (2Ca
O.SiO ₂ .Al ₂ O ₃ ), β-wollastonite (C
aO.SiO ₂ ) and anorthite (CaO.2Si)
O ₂ .Al ₂ O ₃ ) was confirmed to have a structure with a high crystallization ratio.

The obtained block had an extremely large average bending strength as shown below.

Water permeability: 3.6 × 10 ⁻² cm / sec Average bending strength: 11.8 MPa (120 kgf / c)
m ² ) Water retention: 0.2 kg / piece Porosity: 19% Mohs hardness on the surface of the surface layer: 6.5 Slip resistance when wet: 55 BPN

[0069]

According to the present invention, cost increases can be suppressed by using a large amount of sewage sludge melting slag and dust melting slag, and the strength, water permeability, dimensional accuracy and water retention are excellent. A water-permeable block can be obtained.

[0070] In addition, sewage sludge melting slag and waste melting slag, which are difficult to dispose of, can be effectively used.

Further, according to the present invention, a diffraction peak is obtained by X-ray diffraction and has a crystal structure of a complex oxide containing at least CaO and SiO ₂ or CaO, Al ₂ O ₃ and SiO _2. And particles having a particle size of 0.5 mm or less
A mixture containing the binder and the sewage sludge melting slag and / or the refuse melting slag in the range of 80 to 95% by weight, which is contained in the range of 12% by weight, and a binder are used as a raw material to obtain a molded body; 800 to 1200 ° C
By baking within the range, the average bending strength is 8MP
It is possible to obtain a water-permeable ceramic block having extremely high strength such as a or more.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) C04B 38/08 B09B 3/00 ZAB E01C 5/04 303K G01N 23/20 303D C04B 35/00 V

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A diffraction peak is obtained by X-ray diffraction,
At least, CaO and SiO _TwoOr CaO and Al_TwoO_ThreeWhen
SiO_TwoSewage having a double oxide crystal structure containing
75 layers of sludge melting slag and / or waste melting slag
Raw material is a mixture containing aggregate containing at least% by volume and a binder
To obtain a molded body, and the molded body is 800 to 1,
Baking at a temperature of 200 ° C.
Manufacturing method of lamic block. 2. A diffraction peak is obtained by X-ray diffraction.
At least, CaO and SiO _TwoOr CaO and Al_TwoO_ThreeWhen
SiO_TwoHaving a crystal structure of a double oxide containing
Contains particles having a diameter of 0.5 mm or less within a range of 3 to 12% by weight.
Sewage sludge melting slag and / or refuse melting slag
In the range of 80 to 95% by weight, and a binder
A molded body is obtained by molding a mixture containing
Firing the molded body in the range of 800 to 1200 ° C.
A method for producing a water-permeable ceramic block, comprising: 3. A sewage sludge molten slag containing at least one selected from the group consisting of anorthite, β-wollastonite and gehlenite as a double oxide, and / or
The method for producing a water-permeable ceramic block according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a refuse slag is used. 4. The method for producing a water-permeable ceramic block according to claim 1, wherein sewage sludge melting slag and / or dust melting slag crystallized by slow cooling or reheat treatment are used. 5. A particle having a maximum particle size of 9.5 mm or less, containing 80% by weight or more of particles having a particle size of 4.75 mm or less, and containing 7 to 25% by weight of particles having a particle size of 0.5 mm or less. The method for producing a water-permeable ceramic block according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an aggregate contained within the range is used. 6. The method for producing a water-permeable ceramic block according to claim 5, wherein as the particles having a particle size of 0.5 mm or less, those containing 50% by weight or more of ceramic particles are used. 7. The water-permeable ceramic block according to claim 1, wherein the molded body has a thickness in a range of 20 to 85 mm, and a surface layer material including an aggregate is laminated on the molded body and fired. Manufacturing method. 8. The method for producing a water-permeable ceramic block according to claim 7, wherein a surface layer material containing an aggregate that simultaneously satisfies the following (A) to (C) is used. (A) The maximum particle size is 5.0 mm or less. (B) The content of particles having a particle size within 0.5 mm or less is 10% by weight or less. (C) The content of porcelain particles is 50% by weight or more. 9. A powder of at least one material selected from the group consisting of feldspar, clay, natural stone, porcelain, sewage sludge melting slag, refuse melting slag, sewage sludge incineration ash, refuse incineration ash and glass is used as the binder. A method for producing a water-permeable ceramic block according to any one of claims 1 to 8. 10. The method for producing a water-permeable ceramic block according to claim 1, wherein the molded body is molded using a vibration press. 11. CaO and S containing an aggregate containing 80 to 95% by weight of sewage sludge melting slag and / or dust melting slag and a binder, and obtained by X-ray diffraction.
the content of a crystalline component determined from a diffraction peak caused by a crystal structure of iO ₂ or a complex oxide containing CaO, Al ₂ O ₃ and SiO ₂ is in the range of 50 to 100% by weight, and A water-permeable ceramic block having an average bending strength of 8 MPa or more. 12. The water-permeable ceramic block according to claim 11, wherein the double oxide is at least one selected from the group consisting of anorthite, β-wollastonite and gehlenite.