JP2000198703A - Activator for plant - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an activator for plant capable of efficiently improving the plant vitality without giving damage to the plant when used in a suitable concentration by using a specific alcohol, when necessary, along with a surfactant, a chelating agent or a fertilizer component. SOLUTION: This activator for plant is obtained by including (A) a 12-24C monohydric alcohol (e.g. lauryl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, eicosanol, behenyl alcohol, phytol, oleyl alcohol or the like) and, when necessary, (B) a surfactant, preferably an ester group-containing nonionic surfactant or an ether group-containing nonionic surfactant free from nitrogen atoms, (C) a chelating agent (e.g. citric acid, gluconic acid or the like) and (D) a fertilizer component. On the above activator, the components B, C and D are preferably used in proportions of 10-20,000 pts.wt., 0-1,000 pts.wt. and 0-50,000 pts.wt. based on 100 pts.wt. of the component A.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a plant activating agent, a plant activating agent composition, or a method of spraying them on a root, stem, leaf surface or fruit of a plant in a solution state or a solid state, such as foliar spraying and soil irrigation. And a method for improving plant vitality by applying fertilizer. Here, hereinafter, "plant" refers to those that can be recognized from the term plant itself, vegetables, fruits, fruit trees, grains, seeds, bulbs,
Flowers, herbs, taxonomic plants, etc.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In order for a plant to grow, various nutrient elements are required, and it is known that the deficiency of some of the elements may hinder the growth of the plant. For example, nitrogen is one of the three major elements of fertilizer, and nitrogen is a component element of protein.Phosphorus plays an important role not only in nucleic acid and phospholipid constituent elements but also in energy metabolism and in the synthesis and decomposition reactions of substances. Has a physiological effect on mass metabolism and mass transfer.
Lack of these key components generally leads to poor plant growth. Calcium is an important component constituting plants and cells, and also plays an important role in maintaining the balance of the metabolic system, causing calcium deficiency and causing physiological disorders. In addition, Mg, Fe, S,
Plants require various nutrients, such as B, Mn, Cu, Zn, Mo, Cl, Si, and Na.

[0003] These nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like are applied in the form of original manure or top fertilizer, or are diluted with a liquid fertilizer, and are applied by soil irrigation or foliar spraying. These fertilizers are indispensable for the growth of plants, but even if given at a certain concentration or more, they cannot contribute to the improvement of plant growth and yield.

However, increasing the yield by promoting the growth of agricultural crops and increasing the yield per unit area is an important issue in agricultural production, and various plant growth regulators required for this purpose have been developed and utilized. I have. Plant growth regulators represented by gibberellins and auxins, germination, rooting, elongation,
It is used for regulating flowering, fruit set growth, and morphogenetic reactions. However, the effects of these substances are multifaceted and complicated, and their uses are limited.

[0005] In order to solve such problems, a foliar spray using an oligosaccharide (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-322647), a liquid fertilizer containing a sugar, a mineral, an amino acid, a seaweed extract or a fermented extract of a microorganism are disclosed. Although techniques for spraying foliage or applying fertilizer with solution are known, at present it cannot be said that the effect is sufficient.

[0006]

A large amount of fertilizer is applied to the soil for the purpose of increasing the yield of crops, so that various elements in the soil become excessive and the absorption balance is deteriorated, and the growth of the plant is stagnant. This causes problems such as the inability to achieve the desired increase in the yield and the inability to improve the quality such as the sugar content (Brix value) and freshness (greenness). In addition, roots for the purpose of nutrient absorption also have an absorption limit, so we are trying to absorb directly from leaves and fruits by spraying aqueous solutions or aqueous suspensions of necessary fertilizer elements. There is a problem in terms of absorption efficiency even when foliar spraying is applied. Spraying an excessive amount of fertilizer component on the contrary results in stress on plants and results in phytotoxicity.

[0007] Agrochemical Handbook (1994 version) 4
On page 75, it is disclosed that decyl alcohol is used as an axillary bud inhibitor of tobacco, and JP-A-55-40674 discloses that an alcohol having 30 carbon atoms is used as a plant growth promoter. Further, the foam concentrate was diluted with water, and a hydrostatic pressure of 15 psi (1 psi) was applied with a foam generator connected to a water pipe.
Although it is known that bubbles are generated at a pressure of 33.4 kPa or more to treat plants or soil (U.S. Pat. No. 3,922,927), there is no suggestion of a use as a plant vitalizing agent or a plant vitalizing method.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention provides a compound having 12 to 12 carbon atoms.
A plant activating agent comprising 24 monovalent alcohols.

[0009] The present invention also relates to a plant vitality composition comprising a monovalent alcohol having 12 to 24 carbon atoms and at least one compound of a surfactant and a chelating agent.

The present invention also relates to a monovalent alcohol having 12 to 24 carbon atoms, and (i) a fertilizer component and a chelating agent or (i)
The present invention relates to a plant activating agent composition containing i) a surfactant and a fertilizer component or (iii) a surfactant, a fertilizer component, and a chelating agent.

Further, the present invention relates to a method for improving plant vitality, which comprises supplying any one of these plant vitalizers or a plant vitalizer composition to a plant.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the present invention, a plant having 12 to 2 carbon atoms can be efficiently given vitality without phytotoxicity.
4, preferably a monovalent alcohol having 14 to 22 carbon atoms, particularly preferably 16 to 20 carbon atoms. The hydrocarbon group of the monovalent alcohol may be saturated or unsaturated, and may be linear, branched or cyclic. It is preferably a straight-chain or branched-chain, particularly preferably a straight-chain alkyl group. Said one
Specific examples of the valent alcohol include lauryl alcohol,
Examples thereof include cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, eicosanol, behenyl alcohol, phytol, oleyl alcohol, and the like, and alcohols derived from natural fats and oils.

[0013] The form of the plant activating agent of the present invention comprising the above monohydric alcohol may be any of liquid, flowable, paste, wettable powder, granule, powder, tablet and the like. It is applied to the leaves and roots of plants as an aqueous solution, aqueous dispersion or emulsion of 1 to 500 ppm.

Various means can be used as a method for supplying the plant activating agent of the present invention to a plant. For example, fertilizers such as dusts and granules are directly applied as fertilizers, or a diluted aqueous solution is directly sprayed on plants such as leaves, stems, and fruits, or injected into soil, or used in hydroponics or rock wool. And a method of diluting and mixing with a hydroponic solution or supply water that is in contact with the root.

Plants that can be treated with the plant vitalizing agent of the present invention include cucumber, pumpkin, watermelon,
Melon, tomato, eggplant, pepper, strawberry, okra, green bean, broad bean, peas, edamame, corn and the like can be mentioned. For leafy vegetables, Chinese cabbage, horse chestnuts, bok choy, cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, meka cabbage, onion, green onion, garlic, rakkyo, chive, asparagus, lettuce, saladana, celery, spinach, shungiku, parsley, mitsuba, seri, udo, myoga , Butterbur, perilla and the like. As root vegetables, radish, turnip, burdock, carrot, potato, taro, sweet potato, yam, ginger,
Lotus root and the like. In addition, it can be used for rice, wheat, flowers and the like.

In the present invention, together with the above monohydric alcohol,
The following surfactants are preferably used for the purpose of emulsifying, dispersing, solubilizing or promoting penetration of the monohydric alcohol.

Examples of the nonionic surfactant include sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyalkylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyalkylene fatty acid ester, glycerin fatty acid ester, polyoxyalkylene glycerin fatty acid ester, polyglycerin fatty acid ester,
Polyoxyalkylene polyglycerin fatty acid ester,
Sucrose fatty acid ester, resin acid ester, polyoxyalkylene resin acid ester, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether, polyoxyalkylene alkyl phenyl ether, alkyl (poly) glycoside, polyoxyalkylene alkyl (poly) glycoside, and the like. Preferably, a nonionic surfactant containing an ether group and a nonionic surfactant containing an ester group that do not contain a nitrogen atom are used.

Examples of the anionic surfactant include carboxylic acid-based, sulfonic acid-based, sulfate-based and phosphate-based surfactants, and carboxylic acid-based and phosphate-based surfactants are preferred.

Examples of the carboxylic acid surfactants include fatty acids having 6 to 30 carbon atoms or salts thereof, polyvalent carboxylate, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether carboxylate, polyoxyalkylene alkyl amide ether carboxylate, rosin Acid salt, dimer acid salt, polymer acid salt,
And tall oil fatty acid salts.

Examples of the sulfonic acid surfactant include alkyl benzene sulfonate, alkyl sulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, naphthalene sulfonate, diphenyl ether sulfonate, condensate of alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acid, and naphthalene sulfonate. Acid condensate salts and the like.

Examples of the sulfate-based surfactant include alkyl sulfates, polyoxyalkylene alkyl sulfates, polyoxyalkylene alkyl phenyl ether sulfates, tristyrenated phenol sulfates, and polyoxyalkylenedistyrenated phenols. Sulfate, alkyl polyglycoside sulfate and the like.

Examples of the phosphate-based surfactant include an alkyl phosphate ester salt, an alkylphenyl phosphate ester salt, a polyoxyalkylene alkyl phosphate ester salt, and a polyoxyalkylene alkylphenyl phosphate ester salt.

Examples of the salt include metal salts (Na, K, C
a, Mg, Zn, etc.), ammonium salts, alkanolamine salts, aliphatic amine salts and the like.

Examples of the amphoteric surfactant include amino acids, betaines, imidazolines, and amine oxides.

Examples of the amino acid system include acyl amino acid salts, acyl sarcosine salts, acyloylmethylaminopropionates, alkylaminopropionates, and acylamidoethylhydroxyethylmethylcarboxylates.

Examples of the betaine include alkyl dimethyl betaine, alkyl hydroxyethyl betaine, acylamidopropyl hydroxypropyl ammonia sulfobetaine, acylamidopropyl hydroxypropyl ammonia sulfobetaine, amide dimethyl carboxymethyl ammonia betaine ricinoleate, and the like.

Examples of the imidazoline include alkylcarboxymethylhydroxyethyl imidazolinium betaine, alkylethoxycarboxymethylimidazolium betaine, and the like.

Examples of the amine oxides include alkyldimethylamine oxide, alkyldiethanolamine oxide, alkylamidopropylamine oxide and the like.

The above surfactants may be used alone or in combination of two or more. When these surfactants contain a polyoxyalkylene group, they preferably have a polyoxyethylene group, and the average number of moles added is 1 to 50.

Examples of the surfactant include ester group-containing nonionic surfactants, ether group-containing nonionic surfactants containing no nitrogen atom, amphoteric surfactants, carboxylic acid-based anionic surfactants and phosphate-based anionic surfactants. One or more selected from ionic surfactants is preferred. In particular, one or more selected from ester group-containing nonionic surfactants and ether group-containing nonionic surfactants containing no nitrogen atom are preferred.

Further, the following fertilizer components can be used in combination with the above monohydric alcohol. Specifically, N, P, K,
Ca, Mg, S, B, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Mo,
Inorganic substances and organic substances serving as supply sources of Cl, Si, Na and the like, particularly N, P, K, Ca, and Mg are exemplified. Examples of such inorganic substances include ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium phosphate, sodium nitrate, urea, ammonium carbonate, potassium phosphate, lime superphosphate, and molten phosphorus fertilizer (3MgO.CaO.
_{P 2 O 5 · 3CaSiO 2)} , potassium sulfate, salts potassium nitrate of lime, slaked lime, lime carbonate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium carbonate, and the like. In addition, as organic substances, chicken dung, beef dung, bark compost, amino acids, peptone, mieki, fermented extract, calcium salts of organic acids (citric acid, gluconic acid, succinic acid, etc.), fatty acids (formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, Calcium salts of caprylic acid, capric acid, caproic acid, etc.). These fertilizer components can be used in combination with a surfactant. The fertilizer component does not need to be intentionally blended when the fertilizer component is sufficiently applied as the original fertilizer in the soil, such as in the open-field cultivation of rice and vegetables. In addition, it is preferable to add a fertilizer component to a cultivation form of a type such as nutrient solution cultivation or hydroponics that avoids excessive application of the original fertilizer and gives the same fertilizer component as watering.

The growth and fertilizer absorption efficiency can be further improved by mixing a chelating agent, specifically, an organic acid or a salt thereof having the following chelating ability with the plant vitality composition of the present invention. Specifically, oxycarboxylic acids such as citric acid, gluconic acid, malic acid, heptonic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, adipic acid and glutaric acid, and polycarboxylic acids And potassium salts, sodium salts, alkanolamine salts, and aliphatic amine salts thereof.

The growth and fertilizer absorption efficiency can be improved by mixing a chelating agent other than an organic acid. Examples of chelating agents to be mixed include aminocarboxylic acid chelating agents such as EDTA, NTA, and CDTA.

The form, spraying method and the like of the plant vitality composition of the present invention are the same as described above. Water and / or a solvent can be contained as needed.

In the plant vitality composition of the present invention, the ratio of each component is from 10 to 20,000 parts by weight, especially from 100 to 200 parts by weight of a surfactant to 100 parts by weight of a monohydric alcohol.
0 parts by weight, fertilizer component 0-50000 parts by weight, especially 10-10 parts
5000 parts by weight, 0 to 1000 parts by weight of a chelating agent, particularly 10 to 500 parts by weight, 0 to 5000 parts by weight of other nutrients (sugars, amino acids, vitamins, etc.), particularly 10 to 5 parts by weight
00 parts by weight is preferred.

In general, when the soil is applied in the form of a dust or a granule such as a fertilizer, it is preferable to use a dust or a granule containing the above components other than water in the same ratio.
The powder or granule may contain an excipient for preventing caking.

[0037]

[Example] Example 1 <Soil treatment test on tomato seedlings> Cultivar: "Home Momotaro" (Takii Seed Co., Ltd.) Using soil: Takii sowing soil _{[N: P 2 O 5: K20} = 4
80: 750: 345 (mg / L), pH 6.4, E
C: 0.96] Seeded in a 50-well cell tray under the above conditions, transplanted into a pot two weeks after germination, and after three days, once a week at intervals of once a week, “Otsuka OKF2” as a raw material and fertilizer component as shown in Table 1. (Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd.) The plant vitality composition containing 1000 ppm was subjected to soil treatment four times. The concentration of the ingredients was as shown in Table 1 and the balance was water.
Permeated the soil with 0 ml. The test was performed in triplicate for each composition. On the 7th day after the completion of the fourth treatment, the respective growth conditions [height / weight (weight means fresh weight; the same applies hereinafter)]
And SPAD value indicating leaf greenness (Minolta SPAD5)
02) was measured. The measured values were averaged for three repetitions, and compared with the relative value when the untreated section (Comparative product 1-4) was set to 100. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0038]

[Table 1]

(Note) In the table, POE is an abbreviation for polyoxyethylene, and the number in parentheses is the average number of moles of ethylene oxide added (the same applies hereinafter). Also, for example, C ₁₆
And C ₁₈ means that the carbon number is 16 or 18 (hereinafter the same).

From the results shown in Table 1, it was confirmed that the plant vitality composition of the present invention promoted the growth remarkably and the leaf greenness was clearly higher than the comparative product.

Example 2 <Soil treatment test on bok choy seedling> Bok choy seed: Takii Seedling Co., Ltd. Cultivation container: 50-well cell tray Cultivation soil used: Takii seed sowing culture (same as in Example 1) 50-well cell tray under the above conditions Two weeks after germination, a plant stimulant composition and a plant stimulant composition containing 1000 ppm of "Otsuka OKF2" as shown in Table 2 were soil-treated four times at weekly intervals. The concentration of the compounding raw material is as shown in Table 2 and the balance is water, and the processing amount is about 60 m per 10 holes.
1 to infiltrate the soil. The test was performed in three replicates of each composition, with 10 replicates per well. Seven days after the completion of the fourth treatment, the growth status (height / weight) and the SPAD value indicating the greenness of the leaves (SPAD502 manufactured by Minolta) were measured.
Measured values were averaged over three replicates, and were untreated (comparative product 2-4)
Are compared with each other assuming that is 100, and the results are shown in Table 2.
Shown in

[0042]

[Table 2]

Example 3 <Leaf surface treatment test on rice seedlings> Cultivar: Kinuhikari Cultivation container: 50-well cell tray Cultivated soil used: Granular Iseki cultivated soil (N: P: K = 1: 1: 1)
[ヰ Seki Co., Ltd.] Seeds were seeded in a 50-well cell tray under the above conditions, and after germination, the plant was activated from the dark stage to the greening stage at about 3 cm (3 days after), as shown in Table 3 and “Otsuka OKF2”. "10
The plant vitality composition containing 00 ppm was subjected to a single leaf surface treatment. The concentration of the compounding raw material was as shown in Table 3 and the balance was water, and the treatment amount was about 1 L of foliar spray per 50 holes. SPA showing the growth status (height, weight, above-ground weight and below-ground weight) and leaf greenness at the 3.2 leaf stage at the end of the seedling raising stage
The D value (Minolta SPAD502) was measured. Table 3 shows the results of the comparison with relative values when the untreated section (comparative product 3-4) was taken as 100.

[0044]

[Table 3]

Example 4 <Proliferation test using chlorella cells> Chlorella cells, which are higher plant green cells, were subjected to shaking culture in an inorganic salt medium, and a plant vital agent composition shown in Table 4 was added. Then, the chlorella cell growth ability (cell number increasing ability) was evaluated in comparison with the untreated section (inorganic salt medium nutrient only). The number of repetitions was N = 3, and the cell concentration at the start of the test was 1.
It was set to 00 × 10 ⁵ (pieces / ml). The number of chlorella cells after 10 days of culture with the addition of various raw materials was compared by a relative value when the untreated group (comparative product 4-9) was set to 100, and the results are shown in Table 4. However, the inorganic salt medium is Linsmaier-Sko
og (LS) medium was used.

[0046]

[Table 4]

Example 5 <Evaluation of Hydroponic Cultivation on Tomato Seedlings> Tomato seeds “Momotaro” were sowed in a box, and seedlings at the time of development of three true leaves were used. OKF2 to culture solution
(Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd.) diluted based on NPK [N:
P: K = 260: 149: 247 (ppm) / OKF2
Was diluted 538 times], and a test was performed using the plant vitality composition shown in Table 5. Six days after the start of the test, a culture solution was collected and measured with an RQ Flex (manufactured by Merck) to determine the nitrate nitrogen absorption efficiency. Each value indicates a relative amount of nitrate nitrogen absorption in each treatment when the NPK culture solution was used as a control. Six days after the start of the test, a SPAD value (SPOL502, manufactured by Minolta Co., Ltd.) indicating the greenness of leaves was measured. The control (comparative product 5-4) was compared with a relative value with respect to 100, and the results are shown in Table 5. In addition, OK
The fertilizer composition of F2 (Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd.) is N: P: K: C
a: Mg = 14: 8: 16: 6: 2.

[0048]

[Table 5]

Example 6 <Soil irrigation treatment test on spinach: leaf vegetables> Cultivar: "Esper" Cultivation form: 18 cm (diameter) pot for cultivation Cultivation soil used: Kureha horticulture culture soil (Kureha Chemical Co., Ltd.) (fertilizer component; N: P: K = 0.4: 1.9: 0.6
(G) / Ridging soil 1 kg) Spinach seeds “Esper” were directly sowed, and 1.3 L (1.5 kg) of horticultural cultivation soil (Kureha Chemical) per pot (18 cm in diameter) was used as the culture soil. The number of repetitions was set to 18 pots, and treatment was started 12 days after sowing, at 7-day intervals,
Soil irrigation treatment was performed a total of five times using the plant vitality composition shown in Tables 6 and 7 at a treatment amount of a 50 ml / 18 cm pot. Six days after the fifth irrigation treatment, the weight and S
The PAD value was investigated. 10 untreated areas (comparative products 6-5)
The results are compared with the relative value when 0, and the results are shown in Tables 6 and 7. During the test period, fertilizer components such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium were not topped up, and the plants absorbed only the nutrients contained in the soil. In addition, the composition ratio of NPK fertilizer used as top dressing was N: P: K: Mg = 17: 9.5: 18: 3.5.

[0050]

[Table 6]

[0051]

[Table 7]

Example 7 <Soil treatment test on rice: seedling raising treatment> Seedlings (Koshihikari) were sowed in a seedling raising box (60 × 30 cm), and after germination, the seedlings were planted from the hardening stage to the greening stage, starting at 500.
The treatment was started at a treatment amount of ml / seedling box, and soil irrigation treatment was performed three times in total using the plant vitality compositions shown in Tables 8 and 9. After three treatments, ie, 15 days after sowing, the plant height, seedling weight, and SPAD value were examined. No treatment area (Comparative product 7-6)
Is compared with the relative value when 100 is set as 100, and the result is shown in Table 8.
Shown in The original manure was fertilized as an N component at 0.5 g per nursery box. During the test period, the fertilizer components were not top-fertilized, and the rice seedlings absorbed only the nutrients contained in the soil.

[0053]

[Table 8]

[0054]

[Table 9]

[0055]

Industrial Applicability The plant activating agent of the present invention has no phytotoxicity to plants when treated at an appropriate concentration, and can be used for various agricultural crops in order to efficiently improve plant vitality. The present invention also shows improvements in plant growth such as promotion of plant root survival, increase in chlorophyll (SPAD) value, and increase in fertilizer absorption efficiency.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Masatoshi Kamei 1334 Minato 1334 Minato, Wakayama City, Wakayama Prefecture, Kago Corporation (72) Inventor Toshio Hayashi 1334 Minato, Minato, Wakayama City, Wakayama Prefecture, Kao Corporation (72) Inventor Kazuhiko Kurita 1334 Minato, Wakayama City, Wakayama Prefecture Inside Kao Research Center

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A plant activating agent comprising a monovalent alcohol having 12 to 24 carbon atoms. 2. A monovalent alcohol having 12 to 24 carbon atoms,
A plant activating agent composition comprising a surfactant and at least one compound of a chelating agent. 3. A monovalent alcohol having 12 to 24 carbon atoms,
A plant vitality composition comprising (i) a fertilizer component and a chelating agent, or (ii) a surfactant and a fertilizer component, or (iii) a surfactant, a fertilizer component, and a chelating agent. 4. The surfactant according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant is an ester group-containing nonionic surfactant, a nitrogen atom-free ether group-containing nonionic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, a carboxylic acid-based anionic surfactant, and a phosphoric acid-based surfactant. 4. The composition of claim 2, wherein the composition is selected from anionic surfactants. 5. A method for improving plant vitality, comprising supplying the plant vitality agent or the plant vitality agent composition according to claim 1 to a plant.