JP2000154012A - Process and equipment for producing active carbon - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To safely produced good quality active carbon with high efficiency at a low cost by dividing inside of an inclined rotary furnace a carbonization chamber and an activation chamber, both of which are integrally communicated with each other, with a partition plate acting as a dam, introducing saturated steam and superheated steam into the carbonization chamber and the activation chamber respectively and moving a raw material from the carbonization chamber to the activation chamber. SOLUTION: This equipment is provided with a rotary furnace consisting of an inclined rotary body 13 which is capable of being rotated around its axis by a driver 12 and divided into two chambers, i.e., a carbonization chamber 3 and an activation chamber 4 a partition plate 7 placed inside the rotary body 13 and also, capable of being heated through a heating tube 18 provided with a burner 19. This process comprises: charging a raw material 28 such as waste into the rotary furnace through its one end and a charging hood 17 and moving the raw material 28 along the axis, retaining the raw material 28 is retained in the carbonization chamber 3 provided with a saturated steam pipeline 10 to carbonize the raw material 28 at about 400-500 deg.C, allowing the carbonized material to flow over the partition plate 7, to move the carbonized material from the carbonization chamber 3 to the activation chamber 4 provided with a superheated stream pipeline 11 to be activated and thereafter, withdrawing the activated material as active carbon 29 through a product discharging port 20 of a combustion hood 16; wherein the saturated steam and superheated stream are generated from a saturated steam boiler 8 and a waste heat boiler 9 using as its heat source, a combustion gas 6 generated in a combustion furnace 2 for combusting a carbonization gas 33, respectively.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing activated carbon.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to produce activated carbon, a gas activation method using steam has been used. Raw materials are carbonized as a pretreatment step in order to enhance this activation effect. This purpose is a factor related to the adsorptivity and catalytic properties of activated carbon, leaving hydrocarbons in the charcoal by carbonizing the raw material at the lowest possible temperature, removing this hydrocarbon by an activation treatment in a later step. The purpose is to increase porosity, specific surface area, maximum volume, and the like. The optimal carbonization temperature for the production of activated carbon is 400 to 500 ° C, and the optimal activation temperature is 750 to 900 ° C. Needed.

Conventionally, a rotary kiln (rotary furnace) has been used as the carbonizing furnace and the activation furnace. Steam for promoting carbonization or steam for activation is introduced into the furnace through the entire surface of the furnace or a seal portion of a rotating body, and is brought into contact with the charcoal.

Conventionally, steam is introduced into a furnace from a separate boiler or a waste heat boiler utilizing waste heat of a carbonization furnace or an activation furnace, and in some cases, from a separate boiler via a waste heat boiler. Even so, it is introduced in one of the systems of saturated steam and superheated steam.

[0005]

As described above, the conventional manufacturing method and the conventional manufacturing apparatus are constituted by the two furnaces of the carbonizing furnace and the activation furnace, each requiring a separate heating source.
In addition to disadvantages such as a large installation area, high cost, and a large fuel consumption, activation takes too much time because charcoal is introduced into the activation furnace after it is once taken out of the carbonization furnace. As fuel consumption increases, the running cost of producing activated carbon increases, and even if low-cost raw materials such as waste are used, the ratio of running costs occupies several steps, so conversion of raw materials, that is, using wastes as raw materials At present, activated carbon is not widely used.

Water vapor is introduced into the furnace from the entire surface of the furnace and / or from the seal of the rotating body. The water vapor introduced from the seal of the rotating body prevents gas leakage from the seal and entry of external air. The primary purpose is to not only need high temperature steam, but also high temperature steam will damage the packing of the seal portion. On the other hand, since activation requires high-temperature steam, it is necessary to use both when introducing both.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the carbonization / activation furnace according to the second aspect of the present invention has an activation furnace inside a carbonization furnace, and the carbonization furnace and the activation furnace have an integral structure.

[0008] With this structure, not only is the entire facility compacted and the installation area is reduced, but also when the carbon is moved from the carbonization chamber to the activation chamber without being cooled, energy can be saved in the activation chamber. Can be

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the carbonization and activation furnace is provided with a partition plate in the rotary furnace to integrally form the carbonization furnace and the activation furnace, the partition plate is formed as a dam, and the carbide in the carbonization chamber is retained by the dam. As a result, the residence time required for carbonization can be taken, so that various raw materials having different sizes and specific gravities can be uniformly carbonized, and the furnace can be made more compact.

In a rotary furnace heated to a high temperature from the outside or the inside, saturated steam having a temperature lower than the furnace temperature is introduced into the carbonization chamber, and ultrahigh-temperature steam is further introduced into the activation chamber, with the partition plate as a boundary. By adjusting the amount, the room temperature can be maintained at the optimum temperature for each of the carbonization chamber and the activation chamber.

As a major drawback of the rotary furnace, when the inside of the furnace becomes a negative pressure, external air is drawn in from the seal portion of the rotating body, and the carbides are burned, thereby not only reducing the yield but also generating in the furnace in some cases. Since the carbonization gas may explode, and if the pressure becomes positive, the carbonization gas blows out into the atmosphere, causing a fire or explosion. As a preventive measure, a method of sealing the seal portion with steam is adopted. In this case, since the steam also has a function as a carbonized steam, a superheated steam having a carbonization temperature (400 ° C.) or higher is used. However, in the case of the superheated steam, the packing of the seal portion is exposed to a high temperature and the life is shortened. There is a disadvantage that. By introducing this into the furnace separately from the carbonized steam or activated steam according to the purpose, it is possible to introduce saturated steam having a low temperature, and the life of the packing can be extended.

In the method of introducing steam into a carbonization furnace or an activation furnace, the steam is introduced into the furnace from a rear surface or a seal portion of the furnace. The method of the present invention has a structure in which a saturated steam pipe provided with holes and a superheated steam pipe are extended into the furnace, the saturated steam is directed toward carbides in the carbonization furnace, and the superheated steam is directly blown toward the activated carbides,
In the carbonization chamber, heat conduction is promoted by the contact between the saturated steam and the raw material, the carbonization time is shortened, the temperature of the carbide is maintained at an optimum temperature (400 to 500 ° C), and the hydrocarbon necessary for activation in the subsequent process is maximized. In the activation chamber, high-temperature superheated steam required for activation is directly blown, thereby shortening carbonization and activation time and producing high quality activated carbon.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a furnace according to the present invention. The furnace includes a carbonization / activation furnace (1) and a gas combustion furnace (2), and the carbonization / activation furnace (1) includes a carbonization chamber (3) and an activation chamber (4).

A burner (5) and an exhaust pipe (6) are attached to the gas combustion furnace (2).

The carbonization / activation furnace (1) is divided into two, a carbonization chamber (3) and an activation chamber (4) by a partition plate (7).

The exhaust pipe (6) has a saturated steam boiler (8)
And a waste heat boiler (9).

Inside the carbonization / activation furnace (1), a saturated steam pipe (10) having a hole and a superheated steam pipe (11) are attached.

A driving device (12) for rotating the furnace is attached to the carbonization / activation furnace (1).

Each of the saturated steam pipe (10) and the superheated steam pipe (11) is provided with a steam amount control valve (not shown).

Each of the carbonization chamber (3) and the activation chamber (4) is provided with a thermometer (not shown) for measuring the temperature of the room.

A seal steam pipe (15) is attached to the seal portion (14) of the rotating body (13).

A combustion hood (16) and a charging hood (17) for the purpose of holding the rotating body (13) of the carbonization / activation furnace (1).
Is installed.

A heating tube (20) is provided in the combustion hood (16),
A burner (19) is installed. A product outlet (20) is attached to the lower part.

An input device (21) for inputting raw materials is attached to the input hood (17).

In the figure, 22 is a conveyor, 23 is a blower, 24
Is a product delivery vehicle, 25 is combustion air, 26 is heated air, 27
Is a saturated steam, 28 is an activated carbon raw material such as coffee cake, 29 is a carbide, 30 is boiler water, 31 is cooling water, 32 is exhaust gas, and 33 is carbonization gas.

The operation of the above configuration will be described. The raw material or waste (28) is charged into the carbonization chamber (3) of the carbonization / activation furnace (1) by the charging device (21) attached to the charging hood (17). The carbonization / activation furnace (1) is a rotary furnace having an inclination, and gradually moves to the activation chamber (4) side.

The carbonization chamber (3) and the activation chamber (4) are separated by a partition plate (7). The partition plate (7) serves as a dam, and the raw material or waste put into the carbonization chamber (3). (28) gradually moves to the activation chamber (4) side. The raw material or waste (28) is retained by the partition plate (7) before entering the activation chamber (4), so that the required residence time for carbonization is secured.

The raw material or waste (28) passes through the partition plate (7) and enters the activation chamber (4). At the exit of the activation chamber (4), a dam (4a) corresponding to the partition plate is provided. As a result, the residence time required for the activation of the carbide entering the activation chamber (4) is secured.

A heating tube (18) is provided in the carbonization / activation furnace (1),
A burner (19) is furnished. This heating tube (18)
Thus, the inside of the carbonization / activation furnace (1) is uniformly heated. The furnace temperature is heated above the temperature required for activation.

A low-temperature saturated steam (temperature: 100 to 150 ° C.) is introduced into the carbonization chamber (3), and the temperature is adjusted to 400 to 500 ° C. optimal for carbonization depending on the amount of steam. The steam is passed through a saturated steam pipe (10) in the furnace of the carbonization and activation furnace (1) for the purpose of promoting carbonization, and the steam in the carbonization chamber (3) is directly blown only to the carbide in the carbonization chamber (3). Nozzles or holes are formed in the parts.

Ultra-high temperature steam (temperature: 500 to 600 ° C.) produced by the waste heat boiler (9) is introduced into the activation chamber (4), and 750 to 90 optimum for activation is determined by the amount of the ultra high temperature steam.
Adjust to 0 ° C. The ultra-high temperature steam is passed through a superheated steam pipe (11) in the furnace of the carbonization and activation furnace (1) for the purpose of promoting the activation, and the activation chamber ( A structure was made in which a nozzle or a hole was formed in the portion 4).

A seal steam pipe (15) is piped to the seal portion (14) of the rotating body (13) to introduce seal steam, thereby preventing air from entering the seal portion (14) and preventing gas leakage. .

After the activation is completed, the product that has become activated carbon (29) is automatically discharged from a product discharge port (26) provided at the lower part of the combustion hood (16).

[0034]

According to the present invention, as described above, the carbonization furnace and the activation furnace, which are separately provided in the related art, can be integrated with each other, and further, by introducing steam utilizing waste heat. Safe, high-efficiency, low-cost, and high-quality activated carbon can be produced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a device of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Carbonization / activation furnace 3 Carbonization room 4 Activation room 4a Dam 7 Partition plate 8 Saturated steam boiler 9 Waste heat boiler 10 Saturated steam pipe 11 Superheated steam pipe 12 Drive unit 13 Rotating body 20 Activated carbon

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Kozo Sugamba 16-12 Yoshima Industrial Park, Iwaki-shi, Fukushima F-term in Ojima Engineering Co., Ltd. 4D004 AA02 BA10 CA24 CA26 CA50 CC01 4G046 BA03 HA01 HA09 HC09 HC24

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A method for producing activated carbon, characterized in that saturated steam is introduced into the carbonization chamber and the rotating body seal, and superheated steam is introduced into the activation chamber. 2. A device for producing activated carbon, characterized in that in a rotary furnace for carbonizing a raw material of activated carbon, a carbonization furnace and an activation furnace are integrally connected and inclined. 3. An activated carbon production apparatus characterized in that a carbonization chamber and an activation furnace are divided by a partition plate installed inside a rotary furnace into a carbonization chamber and an activation chamber. 4. The activated carbon production apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a pipe equipped with a number of holes or steam nozzles is provided inside the furnace to improve the contact between the coal and steam. .