JP2004123992A - Carbonization treatment method and carbonization treatment system - Google Patents

Carbonization treatment method and carbonization treatment system Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004123992A
JP2004123992A JP2002292950A JP2002292950A JP2004123992A JP 2004123992 A JP2004123992 A JP 2004123992A JP 2002292950 A JP2002292950 A JP 2002292950A JP 2002292950 A JP2002292950 A JP 2002292950A JP 2004123992 A JP2004123992 A JP 2004123992A
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superheated steam
processing chamber
contact
processing
carbonization
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JP3994134B2 (en
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Kazuo Yamagishi
山岸　一夫
Takeshige Takehashi
竹橋　丈繁
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Sanwa Life Sera Co Ltd
Giken Co Ltd
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Sanwa Life Sera Co Ltd
Giken Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/78—Recycling of wood or furniture waste

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a carbonization treatment method and a system therefor for carbonizing, by heating with superheated steam (heated steam), materials to be treated comprising organic waste or the like such as garbage, sludge, wood, meat-and-bone powder and waste clothing. <P>SOLUTION: A first treatment for directly heating and drying materials P to be treated by bringing the materials P into contact with superheated steam having a relatively low temperature, and a second treatment for directly heating and carbonizing the materials P by bringing the materials P that have been dried in the first treatment, into contact with superheated steam having a relatively high temperature, are performed. The materials P are also indirectly heated with superheated steam that has not come into contact with the materials P in the first and second treatments. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、生ごみ，汚泥，木材，肉骨粉，衣類屑等の有機系の廃棄物等からなる処理対象物を過熱水蒸気（加熱蒸気）で加熱して炭化させる炭化処理に係る技術分野に属する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】有機系の廃棄物等からなる処理対象物については、過熱水蒸気の噴射等による接触で直接的に加熱して炭化させる炭化処理が行われている。この炭化処理は、処理対象物を無酸素の還元雰囲気下で燃焼させることなく炭化させることができるため、二酸化炭素，ダイオキシン，悪臭等の発生を避けることができるとともに、処理物として活性炭を得ることができるという利点を有している。然しながら、この炭化処理では、処理対象物の乾燥，炭化，賦活化が並行的に進行するため、過熱水蒸気による加熱温度，加熱時間等を微妙に調整しないと、処理物として良質の活性炭を得ることができなくなる。このため、過熱水蒸気による加熱調整が容易で処理物として良質の活性炭を得ることのできる炭化処理技術の開発が切望されている。
【０００３】
従来、前述の切望に応える炭化処理技術としては、例えば、以下に記載のものが知られている。
【特許文献１】特開２００２−１１３４３９号公報。
特許文献１には、図７に示すように、処理対象物と相対的に低い温度の過熱水蒸気とを接触させて処理対象物を直接的に加熱して乾燥させる一次処理と、一次処理で乾燥された処理対象物と相対的に高い温度の過熱水蒸気とを接触させて処理対象物を直接的に加熱して炭化させる二次処理とを行う炭化処理技術が記載されている。
【０００４】
特許文献１に係る炭化処理技術は、処理対象物の炭化に影響を与える水分を除去する乾燥を先行させた後に処理対象物を炭化，賦活化させる処理温度環境の異なる二段階処理を実行することで、過熱水蒸気による加熱温度，加熱時間等の微妙な調整を不要にしている。なお、過熱水蒸気は、二次処理で処理対象物を直接的に加熱した後に一次処理に送られて一次処理で処理対象物を直接的に加熱し、一次処理で処理対象物を直接的に加熱した後に回収され再過熱されて二次処理に送られる。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】特許文献１に係る炭化処理技術では、処理対象物が過熱水蒸気で接触に加熱されるのみであるため、大量の処理対象物を連続的に処理する際に、処理対象物の温度分布が不均等になって迅速に適正な処理温度環境を形成することができなくなるという問題点がある。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】前述の課題を解決するため、本発明に係る炭化処理方法は、次のような手段を採用する。
【０００７】
即ち、請求項１に記載のように、処理対象物と相対的に低い温度の過熱水蒸気とを接触させて処理対象物を直接的に加熱して乾燥させる一次処理と、一次処理で乾燥された処理対象物と相対的に高い温度の過熱水蒸気とを接触させて処理対象物を直接的に加熱して炭化させる二次処理とを行う炭化処理方法において、一次処理，二次処理を含む複数処理で処理対象物と接触しない過熱水蒸気で処理対象物を間接的にも加熱することを特徴とする。
【０００８】
この手段では、処理対象物と接触する過熱水蒸気（接触の過熱水蒸気）による直接的な加熱と処理対象物と接触しない過熱水蒸気（非接触の過熱水蒸気）による間接的な加熱との熱伝達形態の異なる二つの加熱系で処理対象物を加熱する。ここで過熱水蒸気とは温度が沸点以上の水蒸気をいうが、本発明では約２００℃以上に加熱された水蒸気をいう。また、過熱水蒸気とはほぼ大気圧で利用されるものをいい、好適には例えば０．０２Ｋｇ／ｃｍ２Ｇ前後の範囲のものをいう。
【０００９】
また、請求項２に記載のように、請求項１の炭化処理方法において、処理対象物と接触しない過熱水蒸気は二次処理で処理対象物を間接的に加熱した後に一次処理に送られて一次処理で処理対象物を間接的に加熱することを特徴とする。
【００１０】
この手段では、二次処理で使用された非接触の過熱水蒸気が一次処理で再利用される。非接触の過熱水蒸気は、接触の過熱水蒸気よりも温度低下率が小さいので、一次処理へ安定供給される。
【００１１】
また、請求項３に記載のように、請求項２の炭化処理方法において、処理対象物と接触しない過熱水蒸気は一次処理で処理対象物を間接的に加熱した後に回収され再過熱されて二次処理に送られることを特徴とする。
【００１２】
この手段では、処理対象物を加熱後して回収された非接触の過熱水蒸気が再過熱されて循環使用される。非接触の過熱水蒸気は不純物がない状態で回収され，清浄化工程を経る必要がない。
【００１３】
さらに、前述の課題を解決するため、本発明に係る炭化処理システムは、次のような手段を採用する。
【００１４】
即ち、請求項４に記載のように、処理対象物と相対的に低い温度の過熱水蒸気とを接触させて処理対象物を直接的に加熱して乾燥させる一次処理室と、一次処理室で乾燥された処理対象物と相対的に高い温度の過熱水蒸気とを接触させて処理対象物を直接的に加熱して炭化させる二次処理室と、過熱水蒸気を生成する過熱水蒸気生成装置と、一次処理室，二次処理室と過熱水蒸気生成装置との間に配設され処理対象物と接触する過熱水蒸気が供給される接触系過熱水蒸気供給路とを備えた炭化処理システムにおいて、一次処理室，二次処理室を含む複数処理室に処理対象物と接触しない過熱空気で加熱されて処理対象物を間接的に加熱する加熱構造が設けられ、一次処理室，二次処理室の加熱構造と過熱水蒸気生成装置との間に処理対象物と接触しない過熱水蒸気が供給される非接触系過熱水蒸気供給路が配設されていることを特徴とする。
【００１５】
この手段では、前述の請求項１の炭化処理方法を実施するために、一次処理室，二次処理室に処理対象物を間接的に加熱する加熱構造を設け、接触の過熱水蒸気を供給する接触系過熱水蒸気供給路と非接触の過熱水蒸気を供給する非接触系過熱水蒸気供給路とを別系統で配設する。接触系過熱水蒸気供給路では処理対象物に接触した後に不純物を有することとなる過熱水蒸気が供給され、非接触系過熱水蒸気供給路では処理対象物に接触しない不純物のない過熱水蒸気が供給される。
【００１６】
また、請求項５に記載のように、請求項４の炭化処理システムにおいて、非接触系過熱水蒸気供給路は二次処理室の加熱構造のアウトレットポートと一次処理室の加熱構造のインレットポートとを接続し一次処理室，二次処理室の加熱構造を直列に接続していることを特徴とする。
【００１７】
この手段では、前述の請求項２の炭化処理方法を実施するために、非接触系過熱水蒸気供給路が一次処理室，二次処理室の加熱構造を直列に接続する。直列接続により，一次処理室と二次処理室との間における温度低下率が小さくなる。
【００１８】
また、請求項６に記載のように、請求項５の炭化処理システムにおいて、一次処理室の加熱構造のアウトレットポートと過熱水蒸気生成装置との間に一次処理室の加熱構造を加熱した過熱水蒸気を回収する非接触系過熱水蒸気回収路が配設されていることを特徴とする。
【００１９】
この手段では、前述の請求項３の炭化処理方法を実施するために、非接触の過熱水蒸気を回収する非接触系過熱水蒸気回収路が配設される。非接触系過熱水蒸気は不純物のない状態で回収される。
【００２０】
また、請求項７に記載のように、請求項４〜６のいずれかの炭化処理システムにおいて、一次処理室，二次処理室の加熱構造は処理対象物，過熱水蒸気が接触する筒形の処理筒の外側に処理対象物と接触しないに過熱水蒸気が流通する空隙を形成するジャケット又は外管を被せてなることを特徴とする。
【００２１】
この手段では、一次処理室，二次処理室にジャケット構造あるいは二重管構造で加熱構造が設けられる。その結果，処理対象物の異同による温度変化が外側から可能な限り抑えられる。
【００２２】
また、請求項８に記載のように、請求項４〜７のいずれかの炭化処理システムにおいて、一次処理室，二次処理室は処理対象物の大気との接触を避ける非開放構造で接続されていることを特徴とする。
【００２３】
この手段では、一次処理室，二次処理室が非開放構造で連通される。
【００２４】
また、請求項９に記載のように、請求項４〜８のいずれかの炭化処理システムにおいて、一次処理室または一次処理室，二次処理室の双方に処理対象物と接触した過熱水蒸気を外部に排出する接触系過熱水蒸気排出路を接続し、接触系過熱水蒸気排出路の中途に排出される過熱水蒸気の熱を回収する熱交換器を設置したことを特徴とする。
【００２５】
この手段では、熱交換によって排出される直接の過熱水蒸気から熱が回収される。
【００２６】
また、請求項１０に記載のように、請求項４〜９のいずれかの炭化処理システムにおいて、一次処理室，二次処理室の内部において処理対象物を撹拌しながら過熱水蒸気に接触させつつ移動させる撹拌接触手段を設置したことを特徴とする。
【００２７】
この手段では、処理対象物が撹拌されることで過熱水蒸気との接触率が高められ、しかも均一な接触を得たうえで移動される。
【００２８】
さらに、請求項１１に記載のように、請求項４〜１０のいずれかの炭化処理システムにおいて、一次処理室を上部に配置するとともに二次処理室を下部に配置し、一次処理室と二次処理室との間には処理対象物を落下させる排出路を配置したことを特徴とする。
【００２９】
この手段では、一次処理室で乾燥された処理対象物が排出路から自重で落下して二次処理室に移動する。上下配置構造により設置スペースが抑えられる。
【００３０】
さらに、請求項１２に記載のように、請求項４〜１０のいずれかの炭化処理システムにおいて、一次処理室と二次処理室を左右に並列して配置し、一次処理室と二次処理室との間には処理対象物を移動させる移動手段を備えた排出路を配置したことを特徴とする。
【００３１】
この手段では、移動手段により一時処理室から二次処理室へと対象処理物が移動する。左右配置構造により低い建屋で設置可能となる。
【００３２】
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明に係る炭化処理方法および炭化処理システムの実施の形態を図１〜図６に基づいて説明する。
【００３３】
図１，図２は、本発明に係る炭化処理方法および炭化処理システムの実施の形態（１）を示すものである。
【００３４】
この実施の形態では、特許文献１に係る炭化処理技術と同様の処理温度環境の異なる二段階処理を実行するものを示してある。
【００３５】
一次処理が行われる一次処理室１は、処理筒１１の外側に加熱構造１２が配置された２重管構造ないしはジャケット構造に形成されている。
【００３６】
一次処理室１の処理筒１１は、耐腐食性の良好なステンレス材で筒形に形成され処理対象物Ｐが収容される本体部１１ａを備え、本体部１１ａの端面に過熱水蒸気が供給，排出されるインレットポート１１ｂ，アウトレットポート１１ｃが設けられ、本体部１１ａ周面に処理対象物Ｐが投入，排出される筒形の投入筒１１ｄ，排出筒１１ｅとが設けられている。本体部１１ａの内部には、本体部１１ａの軸方向へ処理対象物Ｐを撹拌しながら移動させる撹拌接触手段としての回転羽根１１ｆと、インレットポート１１ｂに接続して収容された処理対象物Ｐに過熱水蒸気を噴射するノズル（図示せず）とが設置されている。
【００３７】
一次処理室１の加熱構造１２は、断熱材等で過熱水蒸気が流通する空隙１２ａを形成するジャケット１２ｂを処理筒１１に被せてなるもので、過熱水蒸気が供給，排出されるインレットポート１２ｃ，アウトレットポート１２ｄを備えている。
【００３８】
二次処理が行われる二次処理室２は、一次処理室１と同様に、処理筒２１（本体部２１ａ，インレットポート２１ｂ，アウトレットポート２１ｃ，投入筒２１ｄ，排出筒２１ｅ，回転羽根２１ｆ）と、加熱構造２２（空隙２２ａ，ジャケット２２ｂ，インレットポート２２ｃ，アウトレットポート２２ｄ）とを備えている。ただし、投入筒２１ｄは、一次処理室１の処理筒１１の排出筒１１ｅと接続一体化され、一次処理室１の処理筒１１の内部と二次処理室２の処理筒２１の内部とを大気との接触を避けた非開放構造で連通している。また、排出筒２１ｅは、適当な冷却装置（図示せず）が付設されて処理対象物Ｐが炭化処理された処理物Ｐ’が排出されるようになっている。
【００３９】
一次処理室１，二次処理室２には、過熱水蒸気を生成する過熱水蒸気生成装置３から過熱水蒸気が二系統で供給される。なお、過熱水蒸気生成装置３は、給水装置４から給水された水を加熱して水蒸気を生成するボイラ式等の水蒸気生成装置５から供給された水蒸気を過熱して過熱水蒸気を生成するもので、電磁誘導式，バーナ式等を自由に選択することができる。
【００４０】
過熱水蒸気の一つの供給系は、過熱水蒸気生成装置３から一次処理室１の処理筒１１のインレットポート１１ｂと二次処理室２の処理筒２１のインレットポート２１ｂとに分岐配設された接触系過熱水蒸気供給路６である。なお、この接触系過熱水蒸気供給路６には、一次処理室１の処理筒１１のアウトレットポート１１ｃと二次処理室２の処理筒２１のアウトレットポート２１ｃとに接続され処理対象物Ｐと接触した過熱水蒸気（処理ガス）を外部に排出する接触系過熱水蒸気排出路８が対応して配設されている。接触系過熱水蒸気排出路８は、途中に熱交換器１０，集塵装置２０を介して端末の排気装置３０まで配設されている。熱交換器１０は、排出される過熱水蒸気（処理ガス）を回収すれば、前述の水蒸気生成装置５の水蒸気生成のための熱源やその他の熱源として利用する熱リサイクルに寄与することができる。集塵装置２０は、過熱水蒸気（処理ガス）に含まれている粉塵を捕捉するとともに気液を分離する。この集塵装置２０には、分離された水を下水道，河川に排出可能な環境基準にまで清浄化する排水装置４０が接続されている。排気装置３０は、集塵装置２０で分離されたガスを大気に排出可能な環境基準にまで清浄化する。
【００４１】
過熱水蒸気の他の一つの供給系は、過熱水蒸気生成装置３から二次処理室２の加熱構造２２のインレットポート２２ｃに配設され、続いて二次処理室２の加熱構造２２のアウトレットポート２２ｄから一次処理室１の加熱構造１２のインレットポート１２ｃに配設された非接触系過熱水蒸気供給路７である。この非接触系過熱水蒸気供給路７は、二次処理室２の加熱構造２２と一次処理室１の加熱構造１２とを直列に接続していることになる。なお、この非接触系過熱水蒸気供給路７には、一次処理室１の処理筒１１の加熱構造１２のアウトレットポート１２ｄと過熱水蒸気生成装置３との間を接続する非接触系過熱水蒸気回収路９が対応して配設されている。
【００４２】
なお、前述の構成に加えて、過熱水蒸気の供給等のために各種のバルブ，ポンプ等が備えられる（図２では省略されている。）。
【００４３】
この実施の形態では、過熱水蒸気生成装置３から接触系過熱水蒸気供給路６を通じて、一次処理室１の処理筒１１に相対的に低い温度（例えば、１５０〜５００℃、好ましくは３５０〜４００℃）の過熱水蒸気が供給され、二次処理室２の処理筒２１に相対的に高い温度（例えば、４５０〜７００℃、好ましくは５００〜６００℃）の過熱水蒸気が供給される。一次処理室１の処理筒１１では、処理対象物Ｐが相対的に低い温度の過熱水蒸気に接触して直接的に加熱されて乾燥される。一次処理室１の処理筒１１で乾燥された処理対象物Ｐは、大気と接触することなく（還元雰囲気が維持されたまま）二次処理室２の処理筒２１に送られ、相対的に高い温度の過熱水蒸気に接触して直接的に加熱されて炭化，賦活化される。この場合の過熱水蒸気による処理時間は，処理対象物の種類や分量あるいは過熱温度などによって相違する。例えばおが屑の場合には、１時間当り約３００リットルを処理し，約１００リットルの活性炭を得た。肉骨粉の場合には，１時間当り１００Ｋｇを処理し、３０〜４０Ｋｇの活性炭を得た。この結果，良質の活性炭からなる処理物Ｐ’を大量に得ることができる。
【００４４】
また、この実施の形態では、過熱水蒸気生成装置３から非接触系過熱水蒸気供給路７を通じて、まず二次処理室２の加熱構造２２に相対的に高い温度（例えば、５００〜８００℃）の過熱水蒸気が供給される。二次処理室２の加熱構造２２では、過熱水蒸気により二次処理室２の処理筒２１を外周から加熱することで、二次処理室２の処理筒２１の内部の処理対象物Ｐを間接的に加熱する。このため、接触の過熱水蒸気による直接的な加熱と非接触の過熱水蒸気による間接的な加熱との熱伝達形態の異なる二つの加熱系で処理対象物Ｐが加熱され、処理対象物Ｐを炭化，賦活化するに適正な処理温度環境が迅速に形成される。この結果、良質の炭化物からなる処理物Ｐ’を大量に得ることができる。
【００４５】
続いて、二次処理室２の加熱構造２２で吸熱され相対的に低い温度（例えば、２００〜５００℃）になった過熱水蒸気が一次処理室１の加熱構造１２に供給される。一次処理室１の加熱構造１２では、再利用の過熱水蒸気により一次処理室１の処理筒１１を外周から加熱することで、一次処理室１の処理筒１１の内部の処理対象物Ｐを間接的に加熱する。このため、接触の過熱水蒸気による直接的な加熱と非接触の過熱水蒸気による間接的な加熱との熱伝達形態の異なる二つの加熱系で処理対象物Ｐが加熱され、処理対象物Ｐを乾燥するに適正な処理温度環境が迅速に形成される。この結果、処理対象物Ｐが後続の二次処理に好適な水分にまで迅速に乾燥される。
【００４６】
一次処理室１の加熱構造１２から排出された非接触の過熱水蒸気（水蒸気）は、非接触系過熱水蒸気回収路９を通じて過熱水蒸気生成装置３に回収される。そして、回収された過熱水蒸気は、過熱水蒸気生成装置３で再加熱される。なお、回収された過熱水蒸気は、処理対象物Ｐと接触せず不純物が含まれていないため、ジュール熱で過熱される微細な発熱体を有する電磁誘導式の過熱水蒸気生成装置３での再加熱をも可能にする。
【００４７】
また、図２に示すように、一次処理室１を上部に、二次処理室２を下部にそれぞれ配置することができる。処理室１，２の上下間には、端部に位置して排出路として排出筒１１ｅが接続され、一次処理室１の端部で乾燥された処理対象物が排出筒１１ｅから自重で二次処理室２に落下する。上下配置構造となって，処理室１，２の設置スペースが小さく抑えられる。
【００４８】
さらに，図１，図２に示すように、加熱水蒸気生成装置３から接触系過熱水蒸気供給路６と非接触系過熱水蒸気供給路７とを別配管としているが、接続部位手前まで共通配管とすることも可能である。
【００４９】
図３，図４は、本発明に係る炭化処理方法および炭化処理システムの実施の形態（２）を示すものである。
【００５０】
この実施の形態では、前述の実施の形態（１）の接触系過熱水蒸気供給路６を二次処理室２の処理筒２１のアウトレットポート２１ｃと一次処理室１の処理筒１１のインレットポート１１ｂとの間にも配設してある。従って、二次処理室２の処理筒２１のアウトレットポート２１ｃは、一次処理室１の処理筒１１を介して接触系過熱水蒸気排出路８に接続されている。
【００５１】
この実施の形態によると、前述の実施の形態（１）と同様の作用，効果を奏することに加えて、二次処理室２の処理筒２１から排出される過熱水蒸気（処理ガス）の熱を一次処理室１の処理筒１１で再利用することができる。処理筒２１から排出される過熱水蒸気（処理ガス）は、接触系過熱水蒸気供給路６に合流して希釈化して利用するか、あるいは全量をそのまま利用するかなどが必要時に応じて選択される。なお、再利用される過熱水蒸気は、二次処理室２の処理筒２１での処理対象物Ｐとの接触で不純物を含んでいるものの、処理対象物Ｐの炭化，賦活化に供するのではないため何等支障を生ずることはない。
【００５２】
図５，図６は、本発明に係る炭化処理方法および炭化処理システムの実施の形態（３）を示すものである。
【００５３】
この実施の形態では、前述の実施の形態（２）の接触系過熱水蒸気供給路６の一次処理室１の処理筒１１のインレットポート１１ｂへの直接の接続を遮断している。
【００５４】
この実施の形態によると、前述の実施の形態（１），（２）と同様の作用，効果を奏することに加えて、二次処理室２の処理筒２１から排出される過熱水蒸気（処理ガス）の熱の再利用のみで一次処理室１の処理筒１１で処理対象物Ｐを乾燥させ、接触系過熱水蒸気排出路８へ排出される過熱水蒸気の熱を低減することができる。
【００５５】
図７は、本発明に係る炭化処理方法および炭化処理システムの実施の形態（４）を示すものである。
【００５６】
この実施の形態では、、一次処理室１と二次処理室２とを水平に配列し，処理室１，２の端部間の底側に位置して排出筒１１ｅで接続し，排出筒１１ｅには移動手段２３を内装している。移動手段２３としてはスクリューコンベアなどが用いられる。
【００５７】
この実施の形態によると、前述の実施の形態（１），（２），（３）と同様の作用，効果を奏することに加えて、設置構造が簡略化されるうえに低屋根構造物内に設置することができる。
【００５８】
以上、図示した実施の形態の外に、一次処理，二次処理をさらに複数段階に構成することも可能である。
【００５９】
【発明の効果】以上のように、本発明に係る炭化処理方法および炭化処理システムは、接触の過熱水蒸気による直接的な加熱と非接触の過熱水蒸気による間接的な加熱との熱伝達形態の異なる二つの加熱系で処理対象物を加熱するため、迅速に適正な処理温度環境を形成することができる効果がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明に係る炭化処理方法および炭化処理システムの実施の形態（１）を示す過熱水蒸気の供給，回収系統図である。
【図２】図１の詳細な装置構成図である。
【図３】本発明に係る炭化処理方法および炭化処理システムの実施の形態（２）を示す過熱水蒸気の供給，回収系統図である。
【図４】図２の詳細な装置構成図である。
【図５】本発明に係る炭化処理方法および炭化処理システムの実施の形態（３）を示す過熱水蒸気の供給，回収系統図である。
【図６】図３の詳細な装置構成図である。
【図７】本発明に係る炭化処理方法および炭化処理システムの実施の形態（４）を示す過熱水蒸気の詳細な位置構成図である。
【図８】従来例を示す過熱水蒸気の供給，回収系統図である。
【符号の説明】
１　　　　　　　　一次処理室
１１　　　　　処理筒
１１ｂ　　　　インレットポート
１１ｃ　　　　アウトレットポート
１２　　　　　加熱構造
１２ａ　　　　空隙
１２ｂ　　　　ジャケット
１２ｃ　　　　インレットポート
１２ｄ　　　　アウトレットポート
２　　　　　　　　二次処理室
２１　　　　　処理筒
２１ｂ　　　　インレットポート
２１ｃ　　　　アウトレットポート
２２　　　　　加熱構造
２２ａ　　　　空隙
２２ｂ　　　　ジャケット
２２ｃ　　　　インレットポート
２２ｄ　　　　アウトレットポート
３　　　　　　過熱水蒸気生成装置
５　　　　　　水蒸気生成装置
６　　　　　　接触系過熱水蒸気供給路
７　　　　　　非接触系過熱水蒸気供給路
８　　　　　　接触系過熱水蒸気排出路
９　　　　　　非接触系過熱水蒸気回収路
１０　　　　　熱交換器
Ｐ　　　　　　処理対象物
Ｐ’　　　　　処理物[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to carbonization in which an object to be treated, such as organic waste such as garbage, sludge, wood, meat-and-bone meal, and clothing waste, is heated with superheated steam (heated steam) to carbonize. It belongs to the technical field related to processing.
[0002]
2. Description of the Related Art Carbonization treatment is performed on an object to be treated, such as an organic waste, by directly heating and carbonizing it by contact with superheated steam or the like. In this carbonization treatment, the object to be treated can be carbonized without burning in an oxygen-free reducing atmosphere, so that generation of carbon dioxide, dioxin, odor, etc. can be avoided, and activated carbon can be obtained as a treatment object. It has the advantage that it can be done. However, in this carbonization process, drying, carbonization, and activation of the object to be processed proceed in parallel. Therefore, unless the heating temperature and heating time with superheated steam are delicately adjusted, a high-quality activated carbon can be obtained as a processed material. Can not be done. For this reason, there is a strong demand for the development of a carbonization technology capable of easily heating with superheated steam and obtaining high-quality activated carbon as a treated product.
[0003]
Conventionally, for example, the following ones have been known as carbonization techniques that meet the above-mentioned needs.
[Patent Document 1] JP-A-2002-113439.
In Patent Literature 1, as shown in FIG. 7, a primary treatment in which a treatment target is brought into contact with superheated steam at a relatively low temperature to directly heat and dry the treatment target, and drying in the primary treatment is performed. There is described a carbonization treatment technique for performing a secondary treatment in which the treated object is brought into contact with superheated steam having a relatively high temperature to directly heat and carbonize the treated object.
[0004]
The carbonization processing technology according to Patent Literature 1 performs a two-stage process with different processing temperature environments for carbonizing and activating the object to be processed after prior to drying to remove moisture affecting carbonization of the object to be processed. This eliminates the need for delicate adjustment of heating temperature, heating time, and the like by superheated steam. The superheated steam directly heats the object to be treated in the secondary treatment, and then is sent to the primary treatment to directly heat the object to be treated in the primary treatment, and directly heat the object to be treated in the primary treatment. After being recovered, it is reheated and sent to the secondary processing.
[0005]
In the carbonization technology according to Patent Literature 1, since the object to be treated is only heated by contact with superheated steam, it is difficult to continuously treat a large number of objects to be treated. There is a problem that the temperature distribution of the processing target becomes uneven and it is not possible to quickly form an appropriate processing temperature environment.
[0006]
Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the carbonization method according to the present invention employs the following means.
[0007]
That is, as described in claim 1, a primary treatment in which an object to be treated is brought into contact with superheated steam at a relatively low temperature to directly heat and dry the object to be treated, and dried in the primary treatment. In a carbonization treatment method of performing a secondary treatment in which a treatment target is brought into contact with superheated steam at a relatively high temperature to directly heat and carbonize the treatment target, a plurality of treatments including a primary treatment and a secondary treatment In this method, the object to be treated is indirectly heated with superheated steam that does not come into contact with the object to be treated.
[0008]
In this means, the heat transfer form of direct heating by superheated steam (contact superheated steam) in contact with the object to be processed and indirect heating by superheated steam (non-contact superheated steam) not in contact with the object to be processed is The object to be processed is heated by two different heating systems. Here, the superheated steam refers to steam having a temperature equal to or higher than the boiling point, but in the present invention, refers to steam heated to about 200 ° C. or higher. Further, the superheated steam refers to a steam used at substantially atmospheric pressure, and preferably a steam having a range of, for example, about 0.02 kg / cm 2 G.
[0009]
Further, as described in claim 2, in the carbonization treatment method of claim 1, the superheated steam that does not come into contact with the object to be treated is sent to the primary treatment after indirectly heating the object to be treated in the secondary treatment and then to the primary treatment. The processing object is indirectly heated in the processing.
[0010]
In this means, the non-contact superheated steam used in the secondary treatment is reused in the primary treatment. Since the non-contact superheated steam has a lower temperature reduction rate than the contact superheated steam, it is stably supplied to the primary treatment.
[0011]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the carbonization method according to the second aspect, the superheated steam that does not come into contact with the object to be treated is recovered and reheated after indirectly heating the object to be treated in the primary treatment. It is sent to processing.
[0012]
In this means, the non-contact superheated steam collected after heating the object to be treated is reheated and reused. The non-contact superheated steam is recovered without any impurities and does not need to go through a cleaning step.
[0013]
Furthermore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the carbonization processing system according to the present invention employs the following means.
[0014]
That is, as described in claim 4, a primary processing chamber in which the processing object is brought into contact with superheated steam at a relatively low temperature to directly heat and dry the processing object, and drying in the primary processing chamber. A secondary processing chamber for directly heating and carbonizing the processing object by bringing the processed processing object into contact with superheated steam at a relatively high temperature, a superheated steam generator for generating superheated steam, and a primary processing And a contact-type superheated steam supply passage provided between the secondary treatment chamber and the superheated steam generator and provided with superheated steam that comes into contact with the object to be treated. A heating structure that is heated by superheated air that does not come into contact with the processing object and indirectly heats the processing object is provided in a plurality of processing chambers including the next processing chamber, and the heating structure of the primary processing chamber and the secondary processing chamber and the superheated steam. Between the generator and the processing object Non-contact type superheated steam supply line not touch superheated steam is supplied, characterized in that it is arranged.
[0015]
In this means, in order to carry out the carbonization method of the first aspect, a heating structure for indirectly heating the object to be processed is provided in the primary processing chamber and the secondary processing chamber, and a contacting superheated steam is supplied. The system superheated steam supply path and the non-contact system superheated steam supply path for supplying non-contact superheated steam are provided in separate systems. In the contact-type superheated steam supply path, superheated steam having impurities after being brought into contact with the object to be treated is supplied, and in the non-contact type superheated steam supply path, superheated steam without impurities which does not contact the object to be treated is supplied.
[0016]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the carbonization processing system of the fourth aspect, the non-contact superheated steam supply path includes an outlet port of the heating structure of the secondary processing chamber and an inlet port of the heating structure of the primary processing chamber. It is characterized in that the heating structures of the primary processing chamber and the secondary processing chamber are connected in series.
[0017]
In this means, the non-contact superheated steam supply path connects the heating structures of the primary processing chamber and the secondary processing chamber in series in order to carry out the carbonizing method of the second aspect. The series connection reduces the rate of temperature decrease between the primary processing chamber and the secondary processing chamber.
[0018]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the carbonization processing system of the fifth aspect, the superheated steam that has heated the heating structure of the primary processing chamber is provided between the outlet port of the heating structure of the primary processing chamber and the superheated steam generator. A non-contact superheated steam recovery passage for recovery is provided.
[0019]
In this means, a non-contact superheated steam recovery passage for collecting non-contact superheated steam is provided in order to carry out the carbonization method of the third aspect. The non-contact superheated steam is recovered without any impurities.
[0020]
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the carbonization processing system according to any one of the fourth to sixth aspects, the heating structure of the primary processing chamber and the secondary processing chamber has a cylindrical processing in which an object to be processed and superheated steam come into contact. It is characterized in that the outer tube is covered with a jacket or an outer tube that forms a space through which superheated steam flows without contacting the object to be treated.
[0021]
In this means, a heating structure having a jacket structure or a double tube structure is provided in the primary processing chamber and the secondary processing chamber. As a result, the temperature change due to the difference in the processing object is suppressed as much as possible from the outside.
[0022]
In the carbonization processing system according to any one of claims 4 to 7, the primary processing chamber and the secondary processing chamber are connected by a non-open structure that avoids contact of the processing object with the atmosphere. It is characterized by having.
[0023]
In this means, the primary processing chamber and the secondary processing chamber are communicated in a non-open structure.
[0024]
According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the carbonization processing system according to any one of the fourth to eighth aspects, the superheated steam in contact with the object to be processed is externally supplied to the primary processing chamber or both the primary processing chamber and the secondary processing chamber. And a heat exchanger for recovering the heat of the superheated steam discharged in the middle of the contact-type superheated steam discharge passage.
[0025]
In this means, heat is recovered from the direct superheated steam discharged by the heat exchange.
[0026]
According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the carbonization processing system according to any one of the fourth to ninth aspects, the object to be processed is moved while being brought into contact with the superheated steam while being stirred inside the primary processing chamber and the secondary processing chamber. It is characterized in that a stirring contact means for causing the stirring is provided.
[0027]
In this means, the object to be treated is agitated to increase the contact ratio with the superheated steam, and is moved after obtaining uniform contact.
[0028]
Further, as described in claim 11, in the carbonization processing system according to any one of claims 4 to 10, the primary processing chamber is disposed at the upper part and the secondary processing chamber is disposed at the lower part, and the primary processing chamber and the secondary processing chamber are disposed at the lower part. A discharge path for dropping an object to be processed is disposed between the processing chamber and the processing chamber.
[0029]
In this means, the processing target dried in the primary processing chamber falls by its own weight from the discharge path and moves to the secondary processing chamber. The installation space is suppressed by the vertical arrangement structure.
[0030]
Furthermore, as described in claim 12, in the carbonization processing system according to any one of claims 4 to 10, the primary processing chamber and the secondary processing chamber are arranged in parallel on the left and right, and the primary processing chamber and the secondary processing chamber are arranged. And a discharge path provided with a moving means for moving the object to be processed.
[0031]
In this means, the target processing object is moved from the temporary processing chamber to the secondary processing chamber by the moving means. It can be installed in a low building due to the left and right arrangement structure.
[0032]
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of a carbonization method and a carbonization system according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
[0033]
1 and 2 show an embodiment (1) of a carbonizing method and a carbonizing system according to the present invention.
[0034]
In this embodiment, a two-stage process having a different processing temperature environment similar to the carbonization technology according to Patent Literature 1 is executed.
[0035]
The primary processing chamber 1 in which the primary processing is performed is formed in a double-pipe structure or a jacket structure in which a heating structure 12 is disposed outside a processing cylinder 11.
[0036]
The processing tube 11 of the primary processing chamber 1 is provided with a main body portion 11a formed of a stainless steel material having good corrosion resistance and accommodating the processing object P, and superheated steam is supplied and discharged to an end face of the main body portion 11a. An inlet port 11b and an outlet port 11c are provided, and a cylindrical input cylinder 11d and a discharge cylinder 11e into and from which the object P is charged and discharged are provided on the peripheral surface of the main body 11a. Inside the main body 11a, there are a rotating blade 11f as a stirring contact means for moving the processing target P while stirring in the axial direction of the main body 11a, and a processing target P accommodated by being connected to the inlet port 11b. A nozzle (not shown) for injecting superheated steam is provided.
[0037]
The heating structure 12 of the primary processing chamber 1 is formed by covering a processing cylinder 11 with a jacket 12b that forms a gap 12a through which superheated steam flows with a heat insulating material or the like. An inlet port 12c through which the superheated steam is supplied and discharged, and an outlet. The port 12d is provided.
[0038]
Like the primary processing chamber 1, the secondary processing chamber 2 in which the secondary processing is performed includes a processing cylinder 21 (a main body 21a, an inlet port 21b, an outlet port 21c, a charging cylinder 21d, a discharging cylinder 21e, and a rotating blade 21f). , A heating structure 22 (a gap 22a, a jacket 22b, an inlet port 22c, an outlet port 22d). However, the charging cylinder 21d is connected to and integrated with the discharge cylinder 11e of the processing cylinder 11 of the primary processing chamber 1, and the interior of the processing cylinder 11 of the primary processing chamber 1 and the interior of the processing cylinder 21 of the secondary processing chamber 2 are air. It communicates with a non-open structure that avoids contact with The discharge tube 21e is provided with an appropriate cooling device (not shown) so as to discharge the processed material P ′ obtained by carbonizing the processing target P.
[0039]
Superheated steam is supplied to the primary processing chamber 1 and the secondary processing chamber 2 from the superheated steam generator 3 that generates superheated steam in two systems. The superheated steam generator 3 generates superheated steam by heating steam supplied from a steam generator 5 such as a boiler that heats water supplied from a water supply device 4 to generate steam. Electromagnetic induction type, burner type, etc. can be freely selected.
[0040]
One supply system of the superheated steam is provided by a contact system branched from the superheated steam generator 3 to the inlet port 11b of the processing tube 11 of the primary processing chamber 1 and the inlet port 21b of the processing tube 21 of the secondary processing chamber 2. This is a superheated steam supply path 6. The contact superheated steam supply path 6 was connected to the outlet port 11c of the processing tube 11 of the primary processing chamber 1 and the outlet port 21c of the processing tube 21 of the secondary processing chamber 2 and was in contact with the processing object P. A contact-type superheated steam discharge passage 8 for discharging superheated steam (processing gas) to the outside is provided correspondingly. The contact-system superheated steam discharge passage 8 is provided on the way to the terminal exhaust device 30 via the heat exchanger 10 and the dust collecting device 20. If the superheated steam (process gas) discharged from the heat exchanger 10 is recovered, the heat exchanger 10 can contribute to heat recycling used as a heat source for generating steam in the steam generation device 5 and other heat sources. The dust collecting device 20 captures dust contained in superheated steam (processing gas) and separates gas and liquid. A drainage device 40 is connected to the dust collection device 20 for purifying the separated water to an environmental standard that can be discharged to sewers and rivers. The exhaust device 30 purifies the gas separated by the dust collecting device 20 to an environmental standard that can be discharged to the atmosphere.
[0041]
Another supply system of the superheated steam is provided from the superheated steam generator 3 to the inlet port 22c of the heating structure 22 of the secondary processing chamber 2, and then to the outlet port 22d of the heating structure 22 of the secondary processing chamber 2. This is a non-contact superheated steam supply passage 7 disposed at the inlet port 12c of the heating structure 12 of the primary processing chamber 1. The non-contact superheated steam supply path 7 connects the heating structure 22 of the secondary processing chamber 2 and the heating structure 12 of the primary processing chamber 1 in series. The non-contact superheated steam supply passage 7 has a non-contact superheated steam recovery passage 9 that connects between the outlet port 12d of the heating structure 12 of the processing tube 11 of the primary processing chamber 1 and the superheated steam generator 3. Are arranged correspondingly.
[0042]
In addition to the above-described configuration, various valves, pumps, and the like are provided for supplying superheated steam (not shown in FIG. 2).
[0043]
In this embodiment, a relatively low temperature (for example, 150 to 500 ° C., preferably 350 to 400 ° C.) is applied to the processing cylinder 11 of the primary processing chamber 1 from the superheated steam generator 3 through the contact-type superheated steam supply path 6. Is supplied to the processing cylinder 21 of the secondary processing chamber 2 at a relatively high temperature (for example, 450 to 700 ° C., preferably 500 to 600 ° C.). In the processing cylinder 11 of the primary processing chamber 1, the processing object P is directly heated by being brought into contact with superheated steam having a relatively low temperature and dried. The processing object P dried in the processing cylinder 11 of the primary processing chamber 1 is sent to the processing cylinder 21 of the secondary processing chamber 2 without contact with the air (while the reducing atmosphere is maintained), and is relatively high. It is directly heated in contact with superheated steam at a temperature and carbonized and activated. In this case, the processing time with the superheated steam differs depending on the type and quantity of the processing target or the superheating temperature. For example, in the case of sawdust, about 300 liters were processed per hour to obtain about 100 liters of activated carbon. In the case of meat-and-bone meal, 100 kg was treated per hour to obtain 30 to 40 kg of activated carbon. As a result, it is possible to obtain a large amount of the processed material P ′ made of high quality activated carbon.
[0044]
In this embodiment, the superheated steam at a relatively high temperature (for example, 500 to 800 ° C.) is first supplied from the superheated steam generator 3 to the heating structure 22 of the secondary processing chamber 2 through the non-contact superheated steam supply path 7. Steam is supplied. In the heating structure 22 of the secondary processing chamber 2, the processing object P inside the processing cylinder 21 of the secondary processing chamber 2 is indirectly heated by heating the processing cylinder 21 of the secondary processing chamber 2 from the outer periphery with the superheated steam. Heat to For this reason, the processing object P is heated by two heating systems having different heat transfer modes of direct heating by contacting superheated steam and indirect heating by non-contacting superheated steam, and carbonizes the processing object P. An appropriate processing temperature environment for activation is quickly formed. As a result, it is possible to obtain a large amount of the processed material P ′ made of high-quality carbide.
[0045]
Subsequently, superheated steam that has been absorbed by the heating structure 22 of the secondary processing chamber 2 and has become relatively low in temperature (for example, 200 to 500 ° C.) is supplied to the heating structure 12 of the primary processing chamber 1. In the heating structure 12 of the primary processing chamber 1, the processing object 11 inside the processing cylinder 11 of the primary processing chamber 1 is indirectly heated by heating the processing cylinder 11 of the primary processing chamber 1 from the outer periphery with the reheated superheated steam. Heat to For this reason, the processing target P is heated by two heating systems having different heat transfer modes of direct heating by contacting superheated steam and indirect heating by non-contacting superheated steam, and drying the processing target P. An appropriate processing temperature environment is quickly formed. As a result, the processing object P is quickly dried to a moisture suitable for the subsequent secondary processing.
[0046]
The non-contact superheated steam (steam) discharged from the heating structure 12 of the primary processing chamber 1 is recovered by the superheated steam generator 3 through the non-contact superheated steam recovery passage 9. Then, the recovered superheated steam is reheated by the superheated steam generator 3. Since the recovered superheated steam does not come into contact with the object to be treated P and contains no impurities, it is reheated by the electromagnetic induction type superheated steam generator 3 having a fine heating element that is superheated by Joule heat. Also enable.
[0047]
Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the primary processing chamber 1 can be arranged at the upper part and the secondary processing chamber 2 can be arranged at the lower part. Between the upper and lower sides of the processing chambers 1 and 2, a discharge pipe 11e is connected as a discharge path located at an end, and a processing object dried at the end of the primary processing chamber 1 is secondary-loaded from the discharge pipe 11e by its own weight. It falls into the processing chamber 2. With the vertical arrangement structure, the installation space for the processing chambers 1 and 2 can be reduced.
[0048]
Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the contact superheated steam supply passage 6 and the non-contact superheated steam supply passage 7 are separately provided from the heating steam generator 3, but the common piping is provided up to the connection portion. It is also possible.
[0049]
FIGS. 3 and 4 show an embodiment (2) of a carbonization method and a carbonization system according to the present invention.
[0050]
In this embodiment, the contact-system superheated steam supply passage 6 of the above-described embodiment (1) is connected to the outlet port 21c of the processing cylinder 21 of the secondary processing chamber 2 and the inlet port 11b of the processing cylinder 11 of the primary processing chamber 1. It is also located between them. Therefore, the outlet port 21c of the processing cylinder 21 of the secondary processing chamber 2 is connected to the contact-system superheated steam discharge passage 8 via the processing cylinder 11 of the primary processing chamber 1.
[0051]
According to this embodiment, in addition to having the same action and effect as the above-described embodiment (1), the heat of the superheated steam (processing gas) discharged from the processing cylinder 21 of the secondary processing chamber 2 is reduced. It can be reused in the processing cylinder 11 of the primary processing chamber 1. Whether the superheated steam (process gas) discharged from the processing cylinder 21 is combined with the contact-type superheated steam supply passage 6 and diluted or used as it is, or the whole amount is used as it is, is selected as required. The superheated steam to be reused contains impurities due to contact with the processing object P in the processing tube 21 of the secondary processing chamber 2, but is not used for carbonizing and activating the processing object P. Therefore, no trouble is caused.
[0052]
5 and 6 show an embodiment (3) of a carbonization method and a carbonization system according to the present invention.
[0053]
In this embodiment, the direct connection to the inlet port 11b of the processing cylinder 11 of the primary processing chamber 1 of the contact system superheated steam supply path 6 of the above-described embodiment (2) is shut off.
[0054]
According to this embodiment, in addition to having the same operation and effect as the above-described embodiments (1) and (2), in addition to the superheated steam (processing gas) discharged from the processing cylinder 21 of the secondary processing chamber 2 The object P can be dried in the processing cylinder 11 of the primary processing chamber 1 only by reusing the heat of (1), and the heat of the superheated steam discharged to the contact-system superheated steam discharge passage 8 can be reduced.
[0055]
FIG. 7 shows an embodiment (4) of the carbonization method and the carbonization system according to the present invention.
[0056]
In this embodiment, the primary processing chamber 1 and the secondary processing chamber 2 are arranged horizontally, are connected at the bottom side between the ends of the processing chambers 1 and 2 by the discharge tube 11e, and are connected to the discharge tube 11e. Is equipped with a moving means 23. As the moving means 23, a screw conveyor or the like is used.
[0057]
According to this embodiment, in addition to having the same operations and effects as those of the above-described embodiments (1), (2), and (3), the installation structure is simplified and the inside of the low roof structure is reduced. Can be installed in
[0058]
As described above, in addition to the illustrated embodiment, the primary processing and the secondary processing can be further configured in a plurality of stages.
[0059]
As described above, the carbonization method and the carbonization system according to the present invention differ in the form of heat transfer between direct heating by contact superheated steam and indirect heating by non-contact superheated steam. Since the object to be processed is heated by the two heating systems, there is an effect that an appropriate processing temperature environment can be quickly formed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a supply and recovery system diagram of superheated steam, showing an embodiment (1) of a carbonization method and a carbonization system according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a detailed device configuration diagram of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a supply and recovery system diagram of superheated steam showing an embodiment (2) of a carbonization method and a carbonization system according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a detailed device configuration diagram of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a supply and recovery system diagram of superheated steam, showing an embodiment (3) of a carbonization method and a carbonization system according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a detailed device configuration diagram of FIG. 3;
FIG. 7 is a detailed position configuration diagram of superheated steam, showing an embodiment (4) of a carbonization method and a carbonization system according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a supply and recovery system of superheated steam showing a conventional example.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Primary Processing Room 11 Processing Tube 11b Inlet Port 11c Outlet Port 12 Heating Structure 12a Void 12b Jacket 12c Inlet Port 12d Outlet Port 2 Secondary Processing Room 21 Processing Tube 21b Inlet Port 21c Outlet Port 22 Heating Structure 22a Void 22b Jacket 22c Inlet Port 22d Outlet port 3 Superheated steam generator 5 Steam generator 6 Contact superheated steam supply path 7 Non-contact superheated steam supply path 8 Contact superheated steam discharge path 9 Non-contact superheated steam recovery path 10 Heat exchanger P Object to be treated P 'processed material

Claims (12)

処理対象物と相対的に低い温度の過熱水蒸気とを接触させて処理対象物を直接的に加熱して乾燥させる一次処理と、一次処理で乾燥された処理対象物と相対的に高い温度の過熱水蒸気とを接触させて処理対象物を直接的に加熱して炭化させる二次処理とを行う炭化処理方法において、
一次処理，二次処理を含む複数処理で処理対象物と接触しない過熱水蒸気で処理対象物を間接的にも加熱することを特徴とする炭化処理方法。A primary treatment in which a treatment object is brought into contact with superheated steam at a relatively low temperature to directly heat and dry the treatment object, and a superheat at a relatively high temperature relative to the treatment object dried in the primary treatment In a carbonization treatment method of performing a secondary treatment in which the treatment target is directly heated and carbonized by contacting with steam,
A carbonization method characterized by indirectly heating an object to be treated with superheated steam that does not come into contact with the object in a plurality of treatments including a primary treatment and a secondary treatment. 請求項１の炭化処理方法において、処理対象物と接触しない過熱水蒸気は二次処理で処理対象物を間接的に加熱した後に一次処理に送られて一次処理で処理対象物を間接的に加熱することを特徴とする炭化処理方法。In the carbonization method according to claim 1, the superheated steam that does not come into contact with the processing object is sent to the primary processing after indirectly heating the processing object in the secondary processing, and indirectly heats the processing object in the primary processing. A carbonization method characterized by the above-mentioned. 請求項２の炭化処理方法において、処理対象物と接触しない過熱水蒸気は一次処理で処理対象物を間接的に加熱した後に回収され再過熱されて二次処理に送られることを特徴とする炭化処理方法。3. The carbonization process according to claim 2, wherein the superheated steam that does not come into contact with the object to be treated is recovered after indirectly heating the object to be treated in the primary treatment, reheated, and sent to the secondary treatment. Method. 処理対象物と相対的に低い温度の過熱水蒸気とを接触させて処理対象物を直接的に加熱して乾燥させる一次処理室と、一次処理室で乾燥された処理対象物と相対的に高い温度の過熱水蒸気とを接触させて処理対象物を直接的に加熱して炭化させる二次処理室と、過熱水蒸気を生成する過熱水蒸気生成装置と、一次処理室，二次処理室と過熱水蒸気生成装置との間に配設され処理対象物と接触する過熱水蒸気が供給される接触系過熱水蒸気供給路とを備えた炭化処理システムにおいて、
一次処理室，二次処理室を含む複数処理室に処理対象物と接触しない過熱空気で加熱されて処理対象物を間接的に加熱する加熱構造が設けられ、一次処理室，二次処理室の加熱構造と過熱水蒸気生成装置との間に処理対象物と接触しない過熱水蒸気が供給される非接触系過熱水蒸気供給路が配設されていることを特徴とする炭化処理システム。A primary processing chamber for directly heating and drying the processing object by bringing the processing object into contact with superheated steam at a relatively low temperature, and a relatively high temperature for the processing object dried in the primary processing chamber A secondary processing chamber that directly heats and carbonizes the object to be treated by contacting the superheated steam with a superheated steam, a superheated steam generator that generates superheated steam, a primary processing chamber, a secondary processing chamber, and a superheated steam generator And a contact-type superheated steam supply path to which superheated steam that is disposed between and is in contact with the object to be treated is provided.
A heating structure is provided in a plurality of processing chambers including a primary processing chamber and a secondary processing chamber to heat the processing object indirectly by being heated by superheated air that does not come into contact with the processing object. A carbonization treatment system, wherein a non-contact superheated steam supply path is provided between a heating structure and a superheated steam generation device, to which superheated steam that is not in contact with an object to be treated is supplied. 請求項４の炭化処理システムにおいて、
非接触系過熱水蒸気供給路は二次処理室の加熱構造のアウトレットポートと一次処理室の加熱構造のインレットポートとを接続し一次処理室，二次処理室の加熱構造を直列に接続していることを特徴とする炭化処理システム。In the carbonization processing system according to claim 4,
The non-contact superheated steam supply passage connects the outlet port of the heating structure of the secondary processing chamber and the inlet port of the heating structure of the primary processing chamber, and connects the heating structures of the primary processing chamber and the secondary processing chamber in series. A carbonization processing system characterized by the above-mentioned. 請求項５の炭化処理システムにおいて、
一次処理室の加熱構造のアウトレットポートと過熱水蒸気生成装置との間に一次処理室の加熱構造を加熱した過熱水蒸気を回収する非接触系過熱水蒸気回収路が配設されていることを特徴とする炭化処理システム。In the carbonization processing system according to claim 5,
A non-contact type superheated steam recovery passage for collecting superheated steam which has heated the heating structure of the primary processing chamber is provided between an outlet port of the heating structure of the primary processing chamber and the superheated steam generator. Carbonization treatment system. 請求項４〜６のいずれかの炭化処理システムにおいて、
一次処理室，二次処理室の加熱構造は処理対象物，過熱水蒸気が接触する筒形の処理筒の外側に処理対象物と接触しない過熱水蒸気が流通する空隙を形成するジャケット又は外管を被せてなることを特徴とする炭化処理装置。The carbonization system according to any one of claims 4 to 6,
The heating structure of the primary processing chamber and the secondary processing chamber is covered with a jacket or an outer tube that forms a void through which superheated steam that does not contact the processing object flows outside the cylindrical processing cylinder that the processing object and superheated steam come into contact with. A carbonization apparatus characterized by comprising: 請求項４〜７のいずれかの炭化処理システムにおいて、
一次処理室，二次処理室は処理対象物の大気との接触を避ける非開放構造で接続されていることを特徴とする炭化処理システム。The carbonization system according to any one of claims 4 to 7,
A carbonization processing system characterized in that the primary processing chamber and the secondary processing chamber are connected by a non-open structure that avoids contact of the processing object with the atmosphere. 請求項４〜８のいずれかの炭化処理システムにおいて、
一次処理室または一次処理室，二次処理室の双方に処理対象物と接触した過熱水蒸気を外部に排出する接触系過熱水蒸気排出路を接続し、接触系過熱水蒸気排出路の中途に排出される過熱水蒸気の熱を回収する熱交換器を設置したことを特徴とする炭化処理システム。The carbonization system according to any one of claims 4 to 8,
A contact-type superheated steam discharge passage for discharging superheated steam in contact with the object to be treated to the outside is connected to the primary processing chamber or both of the primary processing chamber and the secondary processing chamber, and discharged to the middle of the contact-type superheated steam discharge passage. A carbonization system comprising a heat exchanger for recovering heat of superheated steam. 請求項４〜９のいずれかの炭化処理システムにおいて、
一次処理室，二次処理室の内部において処理対象物を撹拌しながら過熱水蒸気に接触させつつ移動させる撹拌接触手段を設置したことを特徴とする炭化処理システム。The carbonization system according to any one of claims 4 to 9,
A carbonization processing system, comprising: a stirring contacting means for moving an object to be processed while being brought into contact with superheated steam while being stirred inside the primary processing chamber and the secondary processing chamber. 請求項４〜１０のいずれかの炭化処理システムにおいて、一次処理室を上部に配置するとともに二次処理室を下部に配置し、一次処理室と二次処理室との間には処理対象物を落下させる排出路を配置したことを特徴とする炭化処理システム。In the carbonization processing system according to any one of claims 4 to 10, the primary processing chamber is disposed at the upper part and the secondary processing chamber is disposed at the lower part, and the processing target is disposed between the primary processing chamber and the secondary processing chamber. A carbonization treatment system comprising a discharge path for dropping. 請求項４〜１０のいずれかの炭化処理システムにおいて、一次処理室と二次処理室を左右に並列して配置し、一次処理室と二次処理室との間には処理対象物を移動させる移動手段を備えた排出路を配置したことを特徴とする炭化処理システム。In the carbonization processing system according to any one of claims 4 to 10, the primary processing chamber and the secondary processing chamber are arranged in parallel on the left and right, and the processing target is moved between the primary processing chamber and the secondary processing chamber. A carbonization processing system, wherein a discharge path provided with a moving means is arranged.
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