CN104876421A - Treatment method of oilfield waste and device thereof - Google Patents
Treatment method of oilfield waste and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104876421A CN104876421A CN201510319694.XA CN201510319694A CN104876421A CN 104876421 A CN104876421 A CN 104876421A CN 201510319694 A CN201510319694 A CN 201510319694A CN 104876421 A CN104876421 A CN 104876421A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a treatment method of oilfield waste. The treatment method comprises the parts of heat supply, primary treatment, secondary treatment and gas treatment. Saturated steam is heated to superheated steam by a heat source; the oilfield waste is put in a primary treatment device, and the superheated steam in the heat supply part is led in for thermal desorption by adopting an internal heating mode; the oilfield waste after the primary treatment is sent to a secondary treatment device, and the superheated steam in the heat supply part is led in for the thermal desorption of the oilfield waste in the secondary treatment device for the second time by adopting the internal heating mode; gas-phase products generated in the primary treatment part and the secondary treatment part are collected for oil-water separation in a three-phase separation tower, so as to recycle oil, water and non-condensable gas; solid products after the secondary treatment are cooled and then discharged. The invention further provides a device for implementing the method. The treatment method and the device have the advantages of simple process and equipment, high treatment efficiency, low production cost, high energy utilization efficiency, energy conservation, environmental friendliness and the like.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the disposal and utilization technical field of oil field waste, relate to a kind for the treatment of process and device thereof of oil field waste in particular.
Background technology:
Oil field waste typically refers to oil-base mud, shale bits and the water-based mud etc. that produce in drilling process, in recent years, along with country is to the increasing of oil production dynamics, oil field waste constantly produces in a large number and accumulates, in oil-gas exploration and development process, dealing with improperly of waste causes serious pollution to water resources, soil etc., and a few days ago, the harmless treatment of oil field waste more and more comes into one's own.
Chinese invention patent CN103923670A discloses a kind of industrial processing method of oil field waste, use steam heating or heat-conducting oil heating that oil field waste is preheated to 80-300 DEG C, obtain pre-treated solid product and gas, and microwave-heating process is carried out to pretreated solid product, obtain total petroleum hydrocarbons content lower than 3% solids treatment thing and gas, and oil thermal pretreatment and microwave-heating process reclaimed and noncondensable gas are used for the fuel of steam heating or heat-conducting oil heating, improve energy utilization rate.
In the use procedure of reality, reflect according to applicant, the method can complete the pyrolysis of oil field waste preferably, but there is following problems in it: the thermal pretreatment of oil field waste and microwave-heating stage adopt independently thermal source to provide energy respectively, the heating unit of thermal pretreatment adopts steam boiler or heat conducting oil boiler, the heating unit in microwave-heating stage adopts microwave generator, add number of devices and energy expenditure, production cost is high, in addition, during the method preheating and microwave-heating process time need control oxygen level lower than 7%, the pre-treated solid product obtained through thermal pretreatment need carry out microwave-heating under the pressure at-5000 ~-100Pa, integrated artistic and counter structure complexity, capacity usage ratio is low.
Summary of the invention:
An object of the present invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art part, a kind for the treatment of process of oil field waste is provided, the method adopts the type of heating of internal heat type to carry out the process of two levels of thermal desorption to oil field waste by superheated vapour, the heating that a thermal source is superheated vapour is used to provide heat, integrated artistic and counter structure simplify, to the oxygen level of two stages for the treatment of process and pressure all without particular requirement, capacity usage ratio is high, clean environment firendly.
Technology solution of the present invention is as follows:
A treatment process for oil field waste, comprises heat supply, coagulation, second-stage treatment and air treatment section, it is characterized in that:
A () heat supply part: be heated to 300-600 DEG C to saturation steam by thermal source, makes saturation steam become superheated vapour;
(b) coagulation part: oil field waste is placed in coagulation device, the superheated vapour introducing heat supply part adopts the mode of internal heat type heating to make superheated vapour and described oil field waste direct contact heat transfer carry out thermal desorption; Be oxygen debt state in coagulation device;
(c) second-stage treatment part: the oil field waste after coagulation is sent in secondary processor, the superheated vapour introducing heat supply part adopts the mode of internal heat type heating to make superheated vapour and described oil field waste direct contact heat transfer again carry out thermal desorption; Be oxygen debt state in secondary processor;
(d) air treatment section: collect the gas-phase product that produces in coagulation part and second-stage treatment part after three phase separation tower and oily water separation, reclaim and obtain oil, water and noncondensable gas;
E solid product after second-stage treatment carries out cooling rear discharge by ().
Wherein, due to superheated vapour clean environment firendly, superheated vapour is directly passed in coagulation device and secondary processor oil field waste is heated, make full use of the heat of superheated vapour, improve processing efficiency, there is higher capacity usage ratio and economy.
As improvement, described thermal source is combustion chamber, and this combustion chamber is by arranging combustor burns fuel heating.
As improvement, the noncondensable gas reclaimed in air treatment section and oil content are not introduced in described burner and burns as fuel of heat supply, oxidizing reaction acquisition high-temperature flue gas occurs in burner for this noncondensable gas and oil provides heat for superheated vapour heats, this process implementation fuel is self-supporting, improve energy utilization rate, reduce energy consumption.
As improvement, being introduced by high-temperature flue gas is arranged in the outer thermal jacket of described coagulation device and secondary processor outside, the mode of external-heat heating is adopted to carry out boosting to the oil field waste of its inside, from tail gas discharge after purification that the outlet of this outer thermal jacket is discharged.
As improvement, the gas-phase product produced in described coagulation device and secondary processor carried out dust removal process before introducing three phase separation tower, improved purification efficiency.
Another object of the present invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art part, a kind for the treatment of unit of oil field waste is provided, this device is heated into superheated vapour by configuration combustion chamber being provided with burner to saturation steam, difference heat supply can be carried out according to the actual needs of coagulation device and secondary processor, equipment and counter structure simplify, stable, production cost is low.
The scheme that the present invention solve the technical problem is:
A treatment unit for oil field waste, comprises hopper, heating unit, coagulation device, secondary processor and air processing unit, it is characterized in that:
Described heating unit comprises the combustion chamber and some superheat steam pipelines that are provided with burner, and superheat steam pipeline is arranged in described combustion chamber;
Described coagulation device and secondary processor are all arranged in outer thermal jacket, the opening for feed of coagulation device is connected with the discharge end of described hopper, its discharge port is connected with the opening for feed of secondary processor, and the discharge port of this secondary processor connects a drawing mechanism;
The superheated vapour import of described coagulation device and secondary processor to export with the superheated vapour of described combustion chamber respectively by dry pipe road and is connected;
Described air processing unit comprises fume collection pipeline, three phase separation tower and water-and-oil separator, coagulation device is connected respectively by the inlet mouth of fume collection pipeline with three phase separation tower with the pneumatic outlet of secondary processor, and the liquid exit of this three phase separation tower is connected with water-and-oil separator.
Wherein, the effect of three phase separation tower is by the water vapour that produces in coagulation device and secondary processor and oil gas, carries out spray condensation, gas-liquid separation and purification, improves the rate of recovery of oil content and noncondensable gas.
In the present invention, be connected by feed auger between the discharge end of described hopper and the opening for feed of drying machine, be connected by spiral blanking device between the discharge port of described drying machine and the opening for feed of charring furnace.
As improvement, also comprise gas transfer pipeline, described gas transfer pipeline is provided with coupled the first logical induced draft fan, the air outlet of three phase separation tower is connected with described burner by gas transfer pipeline, the noncondensable gas obtained in three phase separation tower is introduced in burner by the first induced draft fan, the high-temperature flue gas part produced in combustion chamber provides heat for superheated vapour heats, and another part is transferred in described outer thermal jacket by flue gas delivery pipe road.
As improvement, also comprise pipeline road, the oil outlet of described water-and-oil separator is connected with described burner by pipeline road, isolated for water-and-oil separator oil is transferred in described burner, the high-temperature flue gas part produced in combustion chamber provides heat for superheated vapour heats, and another part is transferred in described outer thermal jacket by flue gas delivery pipe road.
As improvement, the high-temperature flue gas outlet of described combustion chamber is connected by the import of flue gas delivery pipe road with described outer thermal jacket, the type of heating of external-heat is adopted to carry out boosting to the oil field waste in coagulation device and secondary processor, improve the processing efficiency of oil field waste, there is higher capacity usage ratio.
As improvement, described fume collection pipeline is provided with coupled logical cleaning apparatus, is provided with the second induced draft fan between this cleaning apparatus and described three phase separation tower.
As improvement, described coagulation device and secondary processor are arranged in pairs in described outer thermal jacket, extend the thermal desorption time, improve the processing efficiency of oil field waste, have higher capacity usage ratio.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) the present invention adopts the thermal desorption process of mode to oil field waste of internal heat type heating to carry out heat supply by superheated vapour, owing to directly becoming water after superheated vapour condensation, heat is high, clean environment firendly, simultaneously, multiple coagulation device and secondary processor are set in thermal jacket in pairs outside, adopt the thermal desorption time of two stages for the treatment of Yanchang Oilfield waste, improve processing efficiency and capacity usage ratio;
(2) combustion chamber one being provided with burner provides heat for saturation steam is heated into superheated vapour, reduces energy consumption;
(3) Recovery Purifying coagulation device and the interior gas-phase product produced of secondary processor, burn reclaiming the noncondensable gas obtained in fuel of heat supply introducing burner with oil, for superheated vapour heating provides heat, fuel self-sufficiency can be realized, heat recovery;
(4) a part of high-temperature flue gas produced in combustion chamber can be introduced in outer thermal jacket, and adopt external-heat type of heating to carry out boosting to the oil field waste in coagulation device and secondary processor, heat utilization ratio is high.
In sum, the present invention has work simplification, equipment is simple, processing efficiency is high, the advantages such as production cost is low, and capacity usage ratio is high, energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described further:
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of the treatment process of the embodiment of the present invention one oil field waste;
The structural representation of the treatment unit of a kind of oil field waste that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention two;
The structural representation of the treatment unit of the second oil field waste that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention two;
In figure: 1, hopper; 1a, discharge end; 2, coagulation device; 2a, opening for feed; 2b, discharge port; 2c, superheated vapour import; 3, secondary processor; 3a, opening for feed; 3b, discharge port; 3c, superheated vapour import; 4, combustion chamber; 41, burner; 42, superheat steam pipeline; 4a, superheated vapour export; 4b, high-temperature flue gas export; 5, outer thermal jacket; 6, drawing mechanism; 7, dry pipe road; 8, feed auger; 9, spiral blanking device; 10, fume collection pipeline; 11, three phase separation tower; 11a, inlet mouth; 11b, liquid exit; 11c, air outlet; 111, spray thrower; 12, water-and-oil separator; 12a, oil outlet 13, cleaning apparatus; 14, the second induced draft fan; 15, gas transfer pipeline; 16, the first induced draft fan; 17, flue gas delivery pipe road; 18, pipeline road.
Embodiment:
The following stated is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not limits scope of the present invention.
Embodiment one
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of the treatment process of embodiment one oil field waste; As shown in Figure 1, a kind for the treatment of process of oil field waste, comprises heat supply, coagulation, second-stage treatment and air treatment section,
A () heat supply part: be heated to 300-600 DEG C to saturation steam by thermal source, makes saturation steam become superheated vapour;
(b) coagulation part: oil field waste is placed in coagulation device 2, the superheated vapour introducing heat supply part adopts the mode of internal heat type heating to make superheated vapour and described oil field waste direct contact heat transfer carry out thermal desorption; Be oxygen debt state in coagulation device 2;
(c) second-stage treatment part: the oil field waste after coagulation is sent in secondary processor 3, the superheated vapour introducing heat supply part adopts the mode of internal heat type heating to make superheated vapour and described oil field waste direct contact heat transfer again carry out thermal desorption; Be oxygen debt state in secondary processor 3;
(d) air treatment section: collect the gas-phase product that produces in coagulation part and second-stage treatment part after three phase separation tower and oily water separation, reclaim and obtain oil, water and noncondensable gas;
E solid product after second-stage treatment carries out cooling rear discharge by ().
Wherein, due to superheated vapour clean environment firendly, adopt the mode of internal heat type heating directly to be passed into by superheated vapour in coagulation device 2 and secondary processor 3 to heat oil field waste, make full use of the heat of superheated vapour, improve thermal desorption processing efficiency, there is higher capacity usage ratio and economy.
In the present embodiment, described thermal source is combustion chamber, this combustion chamber is by arranging combustor burns fuel heating, the noncondensable gas reclaimed in air treatment section and oil content are not introduced in described burner and burns as fuel of heat supply, oxidizing reaction is there is and obtains high-temperature flue gas in this noncondensable gas and oil in burner, for superheated vapour heating provides heat, wherein a part of high-temperature flue gas provides heat for saturation steam is heated into superheated vapour, another part high-temperature flue gas is introduced and is arranged in the outer thermal jacket 5 of described coagulation device 2 and secondary processor 3 outside, the mode of external-heat heating is adopted to carry out boosting to the oil field waste of its inside, this process implementation fuel is self-supporting, heat recovery, reduce energy consumption.In addition, from tail gas discharge after purification that the outlet of the outer thermal jacket 5 of coagulation device 2 and secondary processor 3 is discharged.The gas-phase product produced in described coagulation device 2 and secondary processor 3 carried out dust removal process before introducing three phase separation tower, removed the dust etc. contained in gas-phase product, improved purification efficiency.
Embodiment two
The structural representation of the treatment unit of a kind of oil field waste that Fig. 2 provides for embodiment two; As shown in Figure 2, a kind for the treatment of unit of oil field waste, comprise hopper 1, heating unit, coagulation device 2, secondary processor 3 and air processing unit, described heating unit comprises the combustion chamber 4 and some superheat steam pipelines 42 that are provided with burner 41, this superheat steam pipeline 42 is arranged in described combustion chamber 4, in the present invention, for avoiding superheat steam pipeline 42 to burn out because of high temperature, this superheat steam pipeline 42 is arranged on the side away from burner 41 in combustion chamber 4.
Described coagulation device 2 and secondary processor 3 are all arranged in outer thermal jacket 5, the opening for feed 2a of coagulation device 2 is connected with the discharge end 1a of described hopper 1, its discharge port 2a is connected with the opening for feed 3a of secondary processor 3, and the discharge port 3b of this secondary processor 3 connects a drawing mechanism 6; The superheated vapour import 2c of described coagulation device 2 exports 4a respectively by dry pipe road 7 with the superheated vapour of described combustion chamber 4 with the superheated vapour import 3c of secondary processor 3 and is connected;
Wherein, in the present embodiment, be connected by feed auger 8 between the discharge end 1b of described the hopper 1 and opening for feed 2a of coagulation device 2, be connected by spiral blanking device 9 between the discharge port 2b of described coagulation the device 2 and opening for feed 3a of secondary processor 3, oil field waste pushes in coagulation device 2 by hopper 1 through feed auger 8, utilize 4 pairs, combustion chamber saturation steam to add thermogenetic superheated vapour and the process of first step thermal desorption is carried out to oil field waste, obtain water vapour, oil gas and pre-treated solid product, by screw propulsion mode of movement, described pre-treated solid product is sent in secondary processor 3 by the discharge port of coagulation device 2 through spiral blanking device 9, by superheated vapour, second stage thermal desorption process is carried out to described pre-treated solid product, obtain water vapour, oil gas and solid residue, two stages for the treatment of improves thermal desorption treatment effect and the efficiency of oil field waste, the solid residue obtained is made to reach environment protection emission requirement, by screw propulsion mode of movement, the drawing mechanism 6 of solid residue through being connected with the discharge port 3b of described secondary processor 3 is exported, seal up for safekeeping after cooling.In the present embodiment, drawing mechanism 6 is specially spiral take-off equipment.
Described air processing unit comprises fume collection pipeline 10, three phase separation tower 11 and water-and-oil separator 12, coagulation device 2 is connected with the inlet mouth 11a of three phase separation tower 11 respectively by fume collection pipeline 10 with the pneumatic outlet of secondary processor 3, the liquid exit 11b of this three phase separation tower 11 is connected with water-and-oil separator 12, wherein, fume collection pipeline 10 is provided with coupled logical cleaning apparatus 13 and the second induced draft fan 14, this second induced draft fan 14 is placed between described cleaning apparatus 13 and described three phase separation tower 11, water vapour and the oil gas of described coagulation device 2 and the interior generation of secondary processor 3 are introduced in cleaning apparatus 13 through fume collection pipeline 10, for removing the dust etc. contained in oil gas, oil gas after dedusting is introduced in three phase separation tower 11 by the second induced draft fan 14, noncondensable gas and oil content is obtained after spraying condensation by spray thrower 111, oil content carries out oil through water-and-oil separator 12, water is separated, in the present embodiment, also comprise gas transfer pipeline 15, described gas transfer pipeline 15 is provided with coupled the first logical induced draft fan 16, the air outlet 11c of three phase separation tower 11 is connected with described burner 41 by gas transfer pipeline 15, the noncondensable gas obtained in three phase separation tower 11 is introduced in burner 41 by the first induced draft fan 16, the high-temperature flue gas part produced in combustion chamber 4 provides heat for superheated vapour heats, another part is transferred in described outer thermal jacket 5 by flue gas delivery pipe road 17.In addition, in the present embodiment, also comprise pipeline road 18, the oil outlet 12a of described water-and-oil separator 12 is connected with described burner 41 by pipeline road 18, isolated for water-and-oil separator 12 oil is transferred in described burner 41, the high-temperature flue gas part produced in combustion chamber 4 provides heat for superheated vapour heats, and another part transfers in described outer thermal jacket 5 by flue gas delivery pipe road 17, and reacted tail gas discharges qualified discharge after purification from the outlet of outer thermal jacket 5.Wherein, the high-temperature flue gas outlet 4b of described combustion chamber 4 is connected by the import of flue gas delivery pipe road 17 with described outer thermal jacket 5, the type of heating of external-heat is adopted to carry out boosting to the oil field waste in coagulation device 2 and secondary processor 3, improve the processing efficiency of oil field waste, there is higher capacity usage ratio, energy-conserving and environment-protective.
In another embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, described coagulation device 2 and secondary processor 3 are disposed side by side in described outer thermal jacket 5 in pairs, improve processing efficiency and the capacity usage ratio of oil field Litter.
Arrange a pair and the content of three pairs of coagulation devices 2 and secondary processor 3 although give in the accompanying drawing in the present embodiment; but the present invention is not limited only to the content of protection setting a pair and three pairs of coagulation devices 2 and secondary processor 3, also protects the content of other quantity.
Below described is by reference to the accompanying drawings only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; should be understood that; for a person skilled in the art; under the prerequisite not departing from structure of the present invention; also can make various distortion and improvement, these also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention, all can not affect effect of the invention process and practicality.
Claims (10)
1. a treatment process for oil field waste, comprises heat supply, coagulation, second-stage treatment and air treatment section, it is characterized in that:
A () heat supply part: be heated to 300-600 DEG C to saturation steam by thermal source, makes saturation steam become superheated vapour;
(b) coagulation part: oil field waste is placed in coagulation device, the superheated vapour introducing heat supply part adopts the mode of internal heat type heating to make superheated vapour and described oil field waste direct contact heat transfer carry out thermal desorption; Be oxygen debt state in coagulation device;
(c) second-stage treatment part: the oil field waste after coagulation is sent in secondary processor, the superheated vapour introducing heat supply part adopts the mode of internal heat type heating to make superheated vapour and described oil field waste direct contact heat transfer again carry out thermal desorption; Be oxygen debt state in secondary processor;
(d) air treatment section: collect the gas-phase product that produces in coagulation part and second-stage treatment part after three phase separation tower and oily water separation, reclaim and obtain oil, water and noncondensable gas;
E solid product after second-stage treatment carries out cooling rear discharge by ().
2. the treatment process of a kind of oil field waste as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described thermal source is combustion chamber, and this combustion chamber is by arranging combustor burns fuel heating.
3. the treatment process of a kind of oil field waste as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the noncondensable gas reclaimed in air treatment section and oil content are not introduced in described burner and burn as fuel of heat supply, oxidizing reaction acquisition high-temperature flue gas occurs in burner for this noncondensable gas and oil provides heat for superheated vapour heats.
4. the treatment process of a kind of oil field waste as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: high-temperature flue gas is introduced being arranged in the outer thermal jacket of described coagulation device and secondary processor outside, the mode of external-heat heating is adopted to carry out boosting to the oil field waste of its inside, from tail gas discharge after purification that the outlet of this outer thermal jacket is discharged.
5. the treatment process of a kind of oil field waste as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: the gas-phase product produced in described coagulation device and secondary processor carried out dust removal process before introducing three phase separation tower.
6. a treatment unit for oil field waste, comprises hopper, heating unit, coagulation device, secondary processor and air processing unit, it is characterized in that:
Described heating unit comprises the combustion chamber and some superheat steam pipelines that are provided with burner, and superheat steam pipeline is arranged in described combustion chamber;
Described coagulation device and secondary processor are all arranged in outer thermal jacket, the opening for feed of coagulation device is connected with the discharge end of described hopper, its discharge port is connected with the opening for feed of secondary processor, and the discharge port of this secondary processor connects a drawing mechanism;
The superheated vapour import of described coagulation device and secondary processor to export with the superheated vapour of described combustion chamber respectively by dry pipe road and is connected;
Described air processing unit comprises fume collection pipeline, three phase separation tower and water-and-oil separator, coagulation device is connected respectively by the inlet mouth of fume collection pipeline with three phase separation tower with the pneumatic outlet of secondary processor, and the liquid exit of this three phase separation tower is connected with water-and-oil separator.
7. the treatment unit of a kind of oil field waste as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: also comprise gas transfer pipeline and pipeline road, described gas transfer pipeline is provided with coupled the first logical induced draft fan, and the air outlet of three phase separation tower is connected with described burner by gas transfer pipeline; The oil outlet of described water-and-oil separator is connected with described burner by pipeline road.
8. the treatment unit of a kind of oil field waste as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that: the high-temperature flue gas outlet of described combustion chamber is connected by the import of flue gas delivery pipe road with described outer thermal jacket.
9. the treatment unit of a kind of oil field waste as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that: described fume collection pipeline is provided with coupled logical cleaning apparatus, is provided with the second induced draft fan between this cleaning apparatus and described three phase separation tower.
10. the treatment unit of a kind of oil field waste as described in any one of claim 5 to 9, is characterized in that: described coagulation device and secondary processor are arranged in pairs in described outer thermal jacket.
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Application publication date: 20150902 |