JP2000026184A - Coated fertilizer and application method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide fertilizer which is capable of appropriately effecting fertilizer response corresponding to the growth of a crop plant and the application work of which is simply performed and also to provide the application method of the fertilizer. SOLUTION: This fertilizer 4 is produced by coating a granular, pasty or liquid fertilizer 3a with a biodegradable plastic material 4a and this application method involves mixing the fertilizer 4 into an uncoated fertilizer 3, wherein the time at which fertilizer response is effected, is desirably adjusted by changing thickness T of the coating film of the biodegradable plastic material 4a.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a coated fertilizer for fertilizing crops such as paddy rice, vegetables, flowers and trees, and a method for applying the fertilizer.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been proposed a planting and fertilizing simultaneous transplanting machine in which a fertilizing device is provided in addition to a transplanting machine for planting seedlings, and planting and fertilizing of seedlings are performed at the same time.

[0003]

The planting and fertilizing and simultaneous transplanting machine described above can save labor in fertilizing work by simultaneously planting and fertilizing seedlings. For example, when a paste fertilizer is used as a fertilizer, In addition, the paste fertilizer has advantages such as excellent fast-acting properties and promotion of the initial growth of seedlings. However, since this paste fertilizer has a large dissolution property in the soil, it is 30 days to 4 days during the initial growing period.
The fertilizer effect was about 0 days. In long-term cultivation, additional fertilizer work was required according to the growth of the crop.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems.
A granular or paste-like or liquid fertilizer 3a is coated with a biodegradable plastic 4a. In addition, the coated fertilizer 4 coated with the biodegradable plastic 4a is mixed into the non-coated fertilizer 3.

[0005] It is also characterized in that the fertilizer effect is adjusted by changing the thickness of the biodegradable plastic 4a that coats the fertilizer 3.

[0006]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a fertilizer according to the present invention; In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a simultaneous planting and fertilizing rice transplanter capable of simultaneously performing planting of a seedling 2 and fertilization with a paste fertilizer 3 and a film fertilizer (slow-acting fertilizer) 4 according to the present invention. Reference numeral 1 denotes a planting device 5 including a planting claw 5b for scraping the seedlings 2 from the seedling mounting table 5a at a rear portion of the traveling machine body 1a and planting the seedlings on the ground in a plurality of rows, a float 5c for sliding on the ground, and the like, a lifting mechanism 5d.
And a fertilizer device 6 for applying the paste fertilizer 3 and the coating fertilizer 4.

The fertilizer applicator 6 comprises a first fertilizer system 7 for applying a paste fertilizer 3 as a fast-acting fertilizer, and a second fertilizer system 8 for applying a film fertilizer 4 as a slow-acting fertilizer. ing. Then, the fertilizer tank 7T and the fertilizer pump 7P of the first fertilizer application system 7 are installed at the front and the abdomen of the machine body 1a, and the fertilizer nozzle 7N is attached to the float 5c in front of the planting claw 5b, and Is provided at a depth of about 3 cm.

Further, the fertilizer tank 8T and the fertilizer pump 8p of the second fertilizer application system 8 are installed above the rear part of the body 1a, and the fertilizer application nozzle 8N is attached in the same manner as the previous fertilizer application nozzle 7N to set the fertilizer application position to the depth of the ground. It is provided at a depth of about 10 cm. With this configuration, the fertilizer effect time of the capsule fertilizer 4 is matched with the root when the seedlings N grow over time, whereby the growth of the seedlings 2 in the early stage of growth and the growth in the middle stage of growth can be controlled from the timing. I am trying to do it well.

Next, the paste fertilizer 3 and the coating fertilizer 4 used in the fertilizer applicator 6 of the rice transplanter 1 configured as described above will be described. First, the pasty fertilizer 3 uses a pasty fertilizer having viscosity which is generally used in the past. The fertilizer is stored in a fertilizer tank 7T, and is discharged from a fertilizer nozzle 7N to a shallow position in the ground beside the seedling N by a fertilizer pump 7p for fertilization.

The coating fertilizer 4 is composed of the paste fertilizer 3 described above.
A fertilizer tank 8T is uniformly mixed at a predetermined ratio in a paste-like fertilizer of the same or substantially the same quality as that of the fertilizer, and the fertilizer is pumped from the fertilizer nozzle 8N under the seedling by the fertilizer pump 8p. As shown in FIG. 2B, fertilizer is applied to a deep position together with the paste fertilizer 3 as shown in FIG.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2A, the coated fertilizer 4 is a biodegradable plastic 4a as described below as an outer wall material, and has a particle size of 1 μm to 1 μm.
mm, and the core substance encapsulated therein is made of a paste having the same or the same quality as that of the paste fertilizer 3 assuming that the thickness T of the capsule is changed to about 100 °. It contains a fertilizer or a granular or liquid fertilizer 3a.

That is, as the biodegradable plastic 4a according to this example, Alcaligenes Eutrophu which is a kind of soil fungus is used.
A microbial production system produced by fermentation production from glucose and propionic acid using s or a chemical synthesis system based on an aliphatic polyester synthesized from a glycol and an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid by a polycondensation method is used. This is constituted by encapsulating the fertilizer 3a as the core substance by a means such as a microcapsule preparation method such as an "interfacial reaction method" (described in JITANEWS 1989, NO11 Test Laboratory Highlight), and is used in soil or water. It is decomposed after a predetermined period of time (a certain period) by the action of the enzyme released by the bacterial fungi, and the fertilizer 3a inside the biodegradable plastic 4a acts.

In this embodiment, the coating film thickness T as the capsule film thickness of the biodegradable plastic 4a is shown in FIGS. 2 (B), 2 (C) and 2 (D). , C are formed in a plurality of types with small, medium, and large thicknesses, and these are mixed at a predetermined ratio into the paste fertilizer 3 as shown in FIG. Figure (D)
Indicates the fertilizer application effect on the vertical axis and the number of days on the horizontal axis.
The day is the time of rice planting, the 90th is the time of heading, and the interval is the time of seedling growth. As shown in this figure, multiple types of film fertilizers with adjusted film thickness are applied. By doing so, the fertilizer effect can be adjusted by shifting the timing of the fertilizer effect to multiple stages.

That is, the fertilizer granules A, B, and C as the paste fertilizer 3 and the coating fertilizer 4 discharged from the fertilizing nozzles 7N and 8N and applied to the field are approximately 90 days from the day when the seedling 2 is planted in the rice to the heading time. In between, a fertilizer effect or a fertilization effect (fertilizer effect) can be generated in a plurality of stages. The fertilizer which is the core substance of the fertilizer granules A, B, and C of the film fertilizer 4 may include different fertilizers mainly including fertilizers of necessary components required according to the growth characteristics of each crop.

According to the present invention, the rice transplanter 1 is configured as described above to perform fertilization, so that the rice transplanter 1 can plant seedlings by the planting device 5 and paste fertilizer by the first fertilizer application system 7 and the second fertilizer application system 8. The fertilizer 3 and the fertilizer 4 can be simultaneously and smoothly subjected to two-stage fertilization at a shallow and deep position, so that simultaneous planting and fertilization can be efficiently and easily performed. The paste fertilizer 3 and the coating fertilizer 4 applied to the seedlings 2 can apply the above-described fertilizer effect shown in FIG. 2 (D) to a plurality of stages. Therefore, the fertilizer effect can be exerted in an optimal state, and the seedling 2 can be satisfactorily grown. The conventional additional fertilizing operation for applying fertilizer to the seedlings 2 that have grown in order and have a high height can be omitted, and the additional fertilizing operation can be performed simultaneously with the planting of the seedlings 2.

Further, since the coating fertilizer 4 forms a coating with a predetermined coating thickness T of the biodegradable plastic 4a, its production is simple and microorganisms such as bacterial fungi in soil and water are formed. Therefore, the biodegradable plastic 4a is harmless because it is harmless because the biodegradable plastic 4a is harmless.

The fertilizing method in which the fertilizer is coated with the biodegradable plastic 4a may be performed by a fertilizing means as shown in FIG. 3 in addition to the encapsulating means. That is, in the fertilization method shown in the figure, the fertilization nozzle 9a that discharges the paste fertilizer 3 is located at the center inside the outer pipe 9b that discharges the biodegradable plastic 4a, and the fertilization nozzle 9a When fertilizing the paste fertilizer 3, the sheath and core are coated while surrounding the outer periphery with the biodegradable plastic 4a discharged from the outer tube 9b.

According to the above method, the worker can easily coat the paste fertilizer 3 with the biodegradable plastic 4a during the fertilizing operation, and can apply the fertilizing nozzle 9a and the outer pipe 9
By changing the pipe diameter with b, the discharge amount of the paste fertilizer 3 and the film thickness T can be adjusted to desired values. In the embodiment, an example in which a paste fertilizer is coated with a biodegradable plastic has been described. However, a granular or liquid fertilizer can be applied as a coated fertilizer using the same method.

[0019]

As is clear from the above description, according to the coated fertilizer and the method for applying fertilizer according to the present invention, the fertilizer 3a is formed as the coated fertilizer 4 coated with the biodegradable plastic 4a. After the elapse of a predetermined period, the biodegradable plastic 4a can be decomposed accurately and fertilized in an appropriate time, so that the fertilizer can be satisfactorily grown while saving labor.

The film fertilizer 4 can be simultaneously and smoothly fertilized by being mixed into a non-film fertilizer such as the paste fertilizer 3 and the like, and the film thickness T of the biodegradable plastic 4a is changed. Thereby, there is an advantage that the timing of fertilizer effect can be easily adjusted, and the degraded biodegradable plastic 4a is decomposed well by microorganisms without remaining as a harmful element.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a simultaneous planting and fertilizing rice transplanter.

FIG. 2 (A) is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the film fertilizer 4;
(B) is a diagram showing an embodiment in which the paste fertilizer 3 and the coating fertilizer 4 are simultaneously applied, (C) is a characteristic diagram of the coating fertilizer 4, and (D) is a fertilizer showing the application period of the paste fertilizer 3 and the coating fertilizer 4. It is an effect diagram.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a configuration of a coating nozzle.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rice transplanter (planting and fertilization simultaneous rice transplanter) 2 Seedling 3 Paste fertilizer 3a Fertilizer 4 Coating fertilizer 4a Biodegradable plastic 5 Planting device 6 Fertilizer 7N Fertilizer nozzle 8N Fertilizer nozzle T Coating thickness

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Kazuyoshi Nonami 667, Iya-cho, Oaza, Higashi-Izumo-cho, Yatsuka-gun, Shimane 1 F-term in Mitsubishi Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. (Reference) 2B052 BB02 BC05 BC07 BC08 BC09 BC16 CA07 EA03 EB03 ED03 4H061 AA01 AA04 FF15 FF16 HH02 KK01 KK02 KK07

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A coated fertilizer obtained by coating a granular, pasty or liquid fertilizer with a biodegradable plastic. 2. A method of fertilizing a coated fertilizer in which a coated fertilizer coated with a biodegradable plastic is mixed into a non-coated fertilizer and fertilized. 3. A method for applying a fertilizer to a film, wherein the fertilizer application time is adjusted by changing the film thickness of the biodegradable plastic coating the fertilizer.