JPH11155308A - Gel-coated seed - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase the germination rate of plant seeds coated with a gel, especially in which seeds themselves has no nourishment. SOLUTION: This gel-coated seed is obtained by arranging starch and sugar on the circumference of seed of a plant scarcely having nourishment, namely seed of fine flower, vegetable, etc., and seed of sweet corn, etc., and coating the circumference with a coating agent such as get, adding starch or sugar to the coating agent such as gel and coating a plant seed having almost no nourishment, e.g. seed of fine flower or vegetable or seed of sweat corn, etc., with a coating agent.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gel-coated seed, and more particularly to a technique for increasing the germination rate of a plant seed having no nutrient itself.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, seeds of vegetables and flowers (hereinafter simply referred to as seeds) are directly sown in a field or a garden or sowed in advance in a nursery, and after being seeded to a certain extent, transplanted to a field or a garden. .

[0003]

However, seeds of plants having little nutrients per se, such as sweet corn seeds, have a low germination rate, so that 3 to 5 seeds are sown in one place and thinned after germination. The way was going. In this cultivation method, there is a problem that the cost of the seeds is high, and it is necessary to perform a thinning operation, so that the labor and cost are large.

[0004] In cold regions such as Hokkaido, a long-term low-temperature state continues during the sowing period. At this time, sweet corn seeds gradually germinate and grow in the soil for a long period of time. The stored nutrients can be exhausted and die, and the seeds sown can be completely annihilated.

[0005] In addition, fine flowers and vegetable seeds are often expensive, and the germination rate is low because of the small amount of stored nutrients. Has been transplanted. This method also involved high seed costs, labor and cost for raising seedlings, and labor for transplantation. In particular, the raising of seedlings greatly affects the germination rate and initial growth depending on the method of raising seedlings, such as the preparation of a nursery, temperature control, and irrigation, and requires intuition and experience, and is therefore a laborious operation.

[0006]

The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above. Next, means for solving the problem will be described. That is, the seeds themselves have little nutrients, for example, seeds such as fine flowers and vegetables and seeds such as sweet corn, starch, sugar is placed around, that is, dressing, the surroundings such as gel, etc. By coating with a coating agent, necessary nutrients are absorbed from starch and sugar during the period from seed germination to initial growth, thereby increasing the seed germination rate and germination force.

[0007] Further, starch and sugar are added to a coating agent such as a gel, and the coating agent is added to plant seeds having little nutrients per se, for example, seeds such as minute flowers and vegetables and seeds such as sweet corn. By covering the seed, the nutrients required from the germination of the seed to its initial growth are absorbed from starch and sugar, and the germination rate and germination of the seed are increased.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First, since seeds often differ in germination rate depending on the type of plant, pretreatment is usually performed to promote germination. As this pretreatment method, besides a method of immersing the seed in a solution of a germination accelerator, for example, gibberellic acid, a seed coat abrasion method, a high temperature treatment or a low temperature treatment method is appropriately selected and performed according to the properties of the seed.

On the other hand, the aqueous gelling agent is added to pure water in an amount of 2 to 10
The mixture is mixed to a concentration of 1% by weight, left for 1 to 2 hours to sufficiently absorb and swell, and then stirred to form a uniform fluid having a strong viscosity. The aqueous gelling agent used here is not particularly limited as long as it is a substance having such properties, and can be used in a wide range from natural gels, synthetic organic gels, inorganic gels and the like. For example, gels which can be safely used without affecting not only plants such as alkali salts of alginic acid, alkali salts of carboxymethyl cellulose, alkali salts of polyacrylic acid, carrageenan, gelatin and agar, but also the human body are preferable.

[0010] Next, in the present invention, starch and sugar, which are necessary nutrients from seed germination to initial growth, are added to the obtained aqueous gel, and if necessary, other known fungicides and insecticides. A necessary amount of an agent, an animal repellent, and the like are added to adjust the viscosity to an appropriate value for the treatment in the next step. This treatment can be performed by the following two methods. That is, the first method is to add a necessary amount of these agents directly to the aqueous gel for coating, and the second method is to enclose the agents in the bubble space between the seed and the coating gel, or to add the agent around the seed. This is a method in which the powder is dressed in advance and then sealed.

Next, an apparatus for coating a seed using the aqueous gel will be briefly described. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the gel processing nozzle device. In FIG. 1, a gel storage chamber 2 for storing a coating agent (gelling agent) is provided inside a bubble case 1,
The gel storage chamber 2 is connected to a gel tank via a check valve 6. A nozzle case 3 is attached to the side of the bubble case 1, an insertion hole 3 a penetrating vertically is opened in the nozzle case 3, and a cylindrical nozzle plunger 4 is inserted into the insertion hole 3 a. On the outer periphery of the nozzle plunger 4 is formed a protruding part 4a, the lower surface of which is a pressure receiving surface, the upper surface of which is spring-loaded to urge the nozzle plunger 4 downward, and the lower end of the nozzle plunger 4 is a valve. The lower end of the insertion hole 3a is closed as a part.

An insertion hole (not shown) is opened from the gel storage chamber 2 to the outer surface of the bubble case 1, a pressure plunger is inserted into the insertion hole, and the gel in the gel storage chamber 2 is reciprocated by the pressure plunger. Are pressurized and decompressed. A space between the insertion hole 3a and the nozzle plunger 4 is communicated with the gel storage chamber 2 through a communication hole 5.

In such a configuration, when the pressurized plunger enters the gel storage chamber 2, the pressure in the gel storage chamber 2 is increased, and pressure is applied to the pressure receiving surface of the nozzle plunger 4 to raise the nozzle plunger 4. When the valve is opened and the gel flows downward, and the gel is discharged in a certain amount,
The nozzle plunger 4 is lowered by the spring force to close the valve portion. The opening at the lower end of the nozzle plunger 4 is closed by the remaining gel that has fallen, forming a gel film 7a. When the pressurizing plunger is retracted, the pressure in the gel storage chamber 2 and the pressure in the gel flow path are reduced, and the check valve 6
Opens and the gel is replenished from the gel tank.

In synchronization with this, the seeds 9 are supplied from above the nozzle plunger 4 and fall into the passage holes 4b provided in the axial center of the nozzle plunger 4, so that the seeds 9 are transferred to the gel film 7a. Placed on top. Then, when the pressurized plunger is entered, the gel that has flowed out wraps the seeds 9 and air bubbles and falls. At the time of the fall, the gel is spheroidized by surface tension, and the gel-coated seeds 8 fall into the hardening tank. The gel-coated seeds are obtained by being immersed in a hardening agent in the hardening tank for a certain period of time to be hardened and purified, thereby obtaining gel-coated seed. This operation is repeated to continuously obtain the gel-coated seeds 8.

In the above-mentioned second method, that is, when a drug such as a nutrient substance is enclosed between the seed and the coated gel,
What is necessary is just to carry out similarly to the above in the state where the chemical | medical agent is simultaneous with a seed or dressed on a seed.

[Embodiment] Next, a specific embodiment will be described. For the seeds of this example, one kind of sweet corn, Peter corn seed, was used, and at the appropriate temperature (25 ° C.) and low temperature (12 ° C.), only Peter corn seed (naked seed) and starch (starch) were used. A gel-coated seed (corn starch) coated with 3% by weight of a seed coat and coated with calcium alginate (starch-coated gel-coated seed) was sown in a bat filled with volcanic ash soil, and a comparative germination test was performed. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0017]

[Table 1]

[0018]

[Table 2]

Similarly, using the above-mentioned Peter corn seed,
At low temperature (12 ° C.), only peter corn seeds (naked seeds) and gel-coated seeds coated with calcium alginate to which 3% by weight of sucrose was added (gel-coated seeds with sucrose) were filled with volcanic ash soil. The seeds were sowed in bats, and a comparative germination test was performed. Table 3 shows the results.

[0020]

[Table 3]

In addition, using a variety of eustoma nail nail marine neo, which is a fine seed with poor nutrient content in the seeds, alginate containing only eustoma (naked seed) and 3% by weight of starch at an appropriate temperature (25 ° C.) Gel-coated seeds coated with calcium (starch-added gel-coated seeds) were sown on vermiculite to perform a comparative germination test. Table 4 shows the results.

[0022]

[Table 4]

[Results] As shown in Tables 1 and 2, the starch-coated gel-coated seeds using Peter corn as seeds were not only under suitable germination temperature (25 ° C) but also over a long period of low temperature (1 ° C).
Even when exposed to 2 ° C.), the germination rate was higher and the germination was accelerated as compared to the case of only Peter corn seeds (naked seeds). In addition, as shown in Table 3, the sucrose-added gel-coated seed using Peter corn as the seed also showed a higher germination rate and germinated earlier than the bare seed.

Further, as shown in Table 4, the starch-coated gel-coated seed using eustoma as a seed has a faster germination and a higher germination rate than the eustoma alone (naked seed) similarly to the aforementioned sweet corn. It was.

As described above, starch and sugar are arranged around plant seeds having little nutrients per se, for example, seeds such as minute flowers and vegetables, and seeds such as sweet corn, that is, dressing. Then, by coating the surrounding area with a coating agent such as gel, the necessary nutrients are absorbed from starch and sugar during the period from seed germination to initial growth,
The seed germination rate could be increased.

Further, starch and sugar are added to a coating agent such as a gel, and the coating agent is added to a plant seed having little nutrients, for example, seeds such as minute flowers and vegetables and seeds such as sweet corn. By covering the seeds, the necessary nutrients were absorbed from starch and sugar during the period from seed germination to initial growth, and the seed germination rate could be increased. The amount of starch or sucrose added is several weight%, for example, 0.1 to 10 weight%, preferably 2 to 5 weight%.

Furthermore, even if the present invention is applied to a coated seed or an artificial seed containing almost no water, the coated seed and the artificial seed can be germinated if there is moisture in the soil to be sown.

[0028]

According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. That is, it is possible to increase the germination rate of a plant seed having little nutrients, a low germination rate, or a weak initial growth, thereby saving seed costs. Further, thinning is not required, and the plants that have been raising seedlings need not be raised.

In particular, by making sweet corn seeds originally having a low germination rate obtain a high germination rate in the present invention, the number of seeds can be greatly reduced as compared with the conventional method. Therefore, the trouble of thinning can be eliminated. In addition, the above effect is greater in regions where there are many opportunities to be exposed to low temperatures, such as Hokkaido.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a gel processing nozzle device.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A gel-coated seed in which starch and sugar are arranged around the seed and the periphery is covered with a coating agent such as a gel. 2. A gel-coated seed coated with a coating agent such as a gel containing starch and sugar.