JP2000025690A - Floating body type production.storage.shipping facility - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To facilitate the maintenance of an upper deck aggregate, reduce the burden of a steel material amount and also reduce a mooring outer force and improve a cleaning efficiency by making the reinforcement material of the upper deck installed on the upperside of the upper deck of a hull to a stand and loading a process module on its upper part. SOLUTION: The reinforcement material for supporting the upper deck of FPSO(floating.production.storage and off-loading unit) ship is mainly the aggregate of a longitudinal (vertical) direction (longe material 1) and the aggregate of a width (horizontal) direction (trans material 4). Both longe material 1 and trans material 4 are installed to the outboard of upperside of the upper deck. At the case of FPSO for LPG, it is favorable that especially the trans material 4 which is the aggregate of the width direction is installed on the upperside of the upper deck. Thereby, the maintenance of the aggregate of the upper deck becomes easy and the burden of a steel material amount can be reduced and also a mooring outer force is reduced and a cleaning efficiency is improved by the shrinkage of a hull size.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to an on-deck girder FPSO (FPSO) which is a floating production / storage / loading facility, and more particularly, to a shuttle production system attached to a fixed production platform in a crude oil or natural gas oil field. The present invention relates to an on-deck girder FPSO for loading on a tanker.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FPSOs (Floating Production Storage and Offloading Units) are widely used in oil fields all over the world as floating production, storage and offloading facilities for marine oil fields. Used to be moored. FIG.
FIG. 2 shows a schematic view when the berth is moored. In general, in offshore oil fields, as shown in FIG.
In step 1, drilling of crude oil, natural gas, etc. is performed to produce. Next, the produced crude oil or natural gas is supplied to the FPSO
The FPSO 20 sends the FPSO 20 to the FPSO 20, where the FPSO 20 produces the FPSO 20 at a production facility provided on the upper deck and stores the FPSO 20 in the FPSO 20. When a shuttle tanker (transport ship) 22 such as a crude oil ship or an LPG ship arrives at an offshore oil field, the FPSO
20, the processed crude oil and LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) stored in the tank of the FPSO 20 are loaded onto the shuttle tanker 22.

[0003] The role of the FPSO 20 in marine oil fields is classified as follows. The production processing stage, which means the P (production) portion of the FPSO, is a stage in which the produced crude oil or the like is primarily processed. Crude oil does not have properties that can be exported as it is,
FPSO has a plant on board for the production and processing of these. The primary treatment performed here corresponds to a stage before purification and the like, and is a treatment that can be carried to the extent that it can be transported. Next, in the storage / reservation stage, which means the S (storage) portion of the FPSO, the crude oil or gas produced and processed as described above is stored in a tank in a ship. And F
In the loading stage, which means the O (offloading) portion of the PSO, the crude oil or the like in the FPSO tank is loaded onto the berthed crude oil or gas tanker or the like.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an FPSO. As shown in FIG. 3A, a production plant 15 for production processing is usually mounted on the upper deck 14 of the FPSO in each of the above-described steps. This production plant 15 is composed of a plurality of process modules, and the modules themselves constitute one package. In such an FPSO, most of the portion on the upper deck 14 is used as a place where the production plant is mounted. Then, on the upper deck 14 of the FPSO, a dedicated gantry is installed for mounting a plurality of process modules. In addition, FPSO has a storage tank 13 onboard to store and store the crude oil and gas produced and processed as described above.
have. Here, the structure of the tank in the ship is different between the case of the crude oil tank and the case of the LPG tank.

On the other hand, as in the case of the shuttle tanker, an aggregate serving as a reinforcing material is installed below the upper deck 14 of the FPSO, as in the case of the shuttle tanker. Specifically, on the lower side (bottom side) of the upper deck 14, a large horizontal aggregate (trans material) and a large number of small vertical aggregates (longitude material) are provided.
And are arranged. FIG. 3 (b) shows, as an example of arrangement on the upper deck of the transformer material and the longe material, a transformer material position 16 and a longe material center position 17 when viewed from above. Usually, the interval between the longitude materials is about 0.
8 to 1 m, and the interval between the transformer materials is about 4 to 5 m. FIG.
It becomes like 18a part of (b). Here, at 18b in FIG. 3 (b), the aggregate is shown schematically as an outline of the arrangement of the upper deck aggregate. The vertical and horizontal upper deck aggregates arranged below the upper deck 14 are important structural members of the FPSO hull. However, if there is an LPG tank in the ship, if there is aggregate under the upper deck, the height of the LPG tank itself may be reduced, or if the LPG tank capacity is fixed, the height of the ship itself Need to be higher. Therefore, when the liquefied gas independent tank is mounted, there is a problem that the hull becomes unnecessarily large due to the extra space corresponding to the aggregate. In addition, when a crude oil tank is provided in a ship, although the inside of the tank needs to be periodically cleaned, if the vertical and horizontal aggregates are on the upper side of the tank, it may hinder the cleaning of attached crude oil and the like. The problem had arisen.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above problems, the present inventors have found that maintenance of upper deck aggregate is easy,
In addition, the intense study was carried out to develop a floating production, storage and unloading facility (FPSO) that can reduce the load on the steel material, reduce the external force of mooring by reducing the hull size, and improve the efficiency of cleaning work. As a result, we have:
By arranging the aggregate on the lower side of the upper deck on the upper side of the upper deck and also serving as a gantry of the process plant, it has been found that all of the above problems can be solved. The present invention has been completed from such a viewpoint.

[0007]

That is, the present invention is characterized in that a reinforcing material for the upper deck is installed on the upper deck of the hull, and the reinforcing material is used as a stand, and a process module is mounted on the upper portion. Floating production, storage and unloading equipment (F
PSO). Here, the reinforcement is
This refers to a member made of aggregate provided on the upper side of the upper deck. The aggregate mainly includes a long (longitudinal) direction longitudinal member and a width (horizontal) direction transformer member. In the present invention, the aggregate that has been conventionally installed in the boat below the upper deck is installed outside the boat on the upper deck. As a result, the above-mentioned aggregate acts not only as a framework supporting the upper deck but also as a platform for the process modules loaded on the upper deck, and it is necessary to newly provide a dedicated platform for loading the modules. Disappears. Therefore, according to the present invention, the burden on the amount of steel material required for newly providing the process module base is reduced, and the cost is greatly improved. Further, according to the present invention, since the aggregate is installed above the upper deck, that is, outboard, the maintenance of the aggregate is easy. In the case of FPSO, unlike the case of transport vessels, people rarely work on the upper deck, and most of the work is in the module. There is no problem.

Further, in the case of the FPSO for LPG, since the inboard tank is a stand-alone tank, the arrangement of the tank is facilitated, and the hull can be made smaller by the amount of the aggregate out of the vessel. That is, in the present invention, the position of the upper deck relative to the side wall outer plate is moved toward the bottom of the FPSO hull demarcated by the upper deck, the side wall outer plate, and the bottom plate outer plate. Decrease,
The total hull depth is also reduced. Since the hull can be made smaller in this way, the mooring external force can be reduced, and the mooring equipment can be downsized. On the other hand, F for crude oil
In the case of PSO, the upper surface (ceiling surface) of the crude oil tank becomes flat, so that the crude oil does not adhere to it, and the inside of the tank is easily cleaned, and the burden of periodic cleaning is greatly reduced.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

[0009]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an on-deck girder FPSO according to the present invention in a longitudinal direction of a ship. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Embodiment (Part 1) FIG. 1A shows an FPSO for LPG according to this embodiment.
2 shows a cross-sectional view in the length direction of FIG. In marine oil fields where gas is produced, FPSOs for LPG are moored, and the FPSOs process and store the gas and ship it to transport vessels as appropriate. The LPG FPSO has an LPG tank 5 inside the ship. This gas tank is a tank independent of the hull (independent type), and is housed independently in the hull.

FIG. 2 shows the depth of the hull of a conventional FPSO.
As shown in (a), it is necessary to have a large deep aggregate 4 in the ship below the upper deck (DK) 2, a required volume of 5 minutes below the tank and a depth of the aggregate in the bottom of the ship. It had been.
In other words, the depth of the hull is determined by the total depth of these parts, and the aggregate in the hull below the upper deck (DK) 2 is added to the hull depth. Was. In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1A, the aggregate 4 is installed outside the boat, which is above the upper deck (DK) 2. According to such an arrangement, the depth of the hull from the upper deck (DK) to the bottom of the hull can be reduced, and the entire hull can be reduced. This allows FPSO
It is possible to reduce the cost required for the initial production of the.

[0011] The reinforcing material for supporting the upper deck of the FPSO ship includes:
Mainly the longitudinal (longitudinal) direction aggregate (longitude 1) and width (horizontal)
Directional aggregate (trans material 4). The long material 1 and the transformer material 4 are assembled in a girder shape as shown in FIG. 3B to maintain the strength of the upper deck. In the present invention, the aggregate disposed above the upper deck is not particularly limited, and may be any of the above aggregates. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), both the longitude material 1 and the transformer material 4 are installed outside the boat above the upper deck. And, as in the present embodiment, the FPSO for LPG
In this case, it is particularly preferable that the transformer material 4 which is an aggregate in the width direction is installed on the upper deck upper side. The transformer material 4 is usually made of a large aggregate and is also long in the depth direction toward the bottom of the ship.
This is because the hull can be made smaller.

As described above, according to the present invention, the position of the upper deck with respect to the outer wall of the hull is moved toward the bottom of the hull, and the length of the outer shell of the hull is reduced. As a result, the total depth of the hull is also reduced, but the length (depth) of the hull outer skin can be reduced by usually 1 to 20%, preferably 3 to 10%. Can be compact. The arrangement of the transformer material is not limited at all because it varies depending on the size and various specifications of the FPSO hull, but, for example, a structure in which the FPSO is arranged in the width direction at intervals of about 5 m with respect to the length direction of the hull. It has a structure that supports longitude, which is fine aggregate in the longitudinal direction.

[0013] On the other hand, as a feature of the FPSO, unlike a transport ship, it is moored for a long time in a specific marine oil field and usually hardly moves. Therefore, it is necessary to overcome the external mooring force due to wind, tidal current, wave, etc. and moor the mooring at that point for a long time. The smaller the external mooring force is, the smaller the equipment for mooring is required, which is preferable. In the present invention, since the hull can be made smaller and thinner by the amount of the aggregate of the upper deck having been outboard, the area of the hull which receives mooring external forces such as wind and waves is reduced by the reduction of the total depth of the hull. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the cost of the mooring equipment.

[0014] Further, since the FPSO is moored in the oil field for a long time, maintenance is usually performed at the moored place. Therefore, according to the FPSO of the present invention in which the aggregate is installed outside the ship, maintenance such as painting touch-up is easy and work efficiency is good. Furthermore, in the present invention, since the process module can be loaded on the reinforcing member 4 installed on the upper deck 2, there is no need to provide a dedicated platform for the module. Therefore, the load on the amount of steel required for newly providing the process module base is reduced, which is advantageous in terms of cost.

On the other hand, in the case of a transport ship, the aggregate of the upper deck is usually installed inside the ship, and is not arranged above the upper deck. This is because transport vessels operate in seawater with lots of waves,
This is because seawater tends to collect on the upper deck, and work is often performed on the upper deck, so that arranging it on the upper side lowers work efficiency. For this reason, in a transport ship, it is usual to arrange the aggregate of the upper deck in the ship. In addition, some chemical ships that transport some special chemicals, etc., adopt a structure in which aggregate is placed outside the ship. This is because corrosion resistance is required due to the loading of chemicals. However, in the case of FPSO,
Most of the upper deck is covered with a P (production) plant. Therefore, the workability on the upper deck does not need to be considered as in the case of the transport ship, and the work is performed exclusively in the process module, and a workable floor is separately provided in the module.

Embodiment ( No. 2) FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of a FPSO for crude oil in the length direction in this embodiment. In a marine oil field where crude oil is produced, FPSO for crude oil is moored. The FPSO processes and stores crude oil and the like, and appropriately ships it to a transport ship.
The FPSO ship has a center tank 12, a side tank 11, and the like. The upper surfaces of these tanks are below the upper deck, and are separated from the outside by the upper deck.

In the case of FPSO for crude oil, the above-mentioned F for LPG is also used.
As in the case of the PSO, the reinforcing material 3 for supporting the upper deck 1 includes a longitudinal material 1 and a transformer material 4 and is assembled in a cross-girder shape to maintain the strength of the upper deck 1. This FPSO for crude oil
Is not a stand-alone tank, the conventional
Center tank 12 and side tank 11 as shown in FIG.
The cleaning operation was difficult because the long material 1 and the transformer material 4 were present on the upper surface. In the present invention, FIG.
As shown in (b), the upper surfaces of the center tank 12 and the side tanks 11 (the lower side surfaces of the upper deck) are flattened, so that the crude oil does not adhere, the inside of the tank is easily cleaned, and the periodic cleaning is performed. The burden is greatly reduced.

Also in this embodiment, according to the FPSO of the present invention in which the aggregate is installed outside the ship, maintenance such as painting touch-up can be easily performed at the mooring place. Further, the reinforcing material 4 installed on the upper deck 2
Since a process module can be loaded on the above, there is no need to provide a dedicated platform for the module. Therefore, the load on the amount of steel required for newly providing the process module base is reduced, which is advantageous in terms of cost.

The method for producing the FPSO of the present invention is not particularly limited, and a widely used shipbuilding technique can be used. For example, there is a manufacturing method in which an upper deck having vertical and horizontal aggregates is installed on the hull, or a manufacturing method in which the upper deck is mounted on a hull and then installing aggregates. A preferred method is to attach the deck to the hull later. In the present invention, a portion where the hull wall surface and the lower side of the upper deck are in contact with each other is arranged on the upper portion of the hull as it is by adjusting the upper and lower positions of the deck. The structure and manufacturing method in the tank can be used without any change from the conventional one. The method of arranging the aggregate on the upper deck is also not particularly limited, but usually, a method of arranging a long material first and then arranging a transformer material is adopted. Then, the module is installed as it is on the upper deck with the aggregate.

[0020]

According to the FPSO of the present invention, the maintenance of the upper deck aggregate is easy, the load of the steel material can be reduced, the external force of mooring can be reduced by reducing the size of the hull, and the cleaning work efficiency can be improved. Can be achieved. That is, according to the present invention, by using an aggregate that is a reinforcing material for the upper deck, as a framework for supporting the upper deck, and at the same time, also serving as a stand for a process module loaded on the upper deck,
There is no need to provide a dedicated platform for loading modules. Therefore, the load on the amount of steel required for newly providing the process module base is reduced, and the cost is greatly improved. Further, according to the present invention, since the aggregate is installed above the upper deck, that is, outboard, the maintenance of the aggregate is easy. Furthermore, in the case of the FPSO for LPG, since the inboard tank is a stand-alone tank, the arrangement of the tank is easy, and the hull can be made smaller by the amount of the aggregate that has been outboard, thereby reducing the external mooring force.
Mooring equipment can be downsized. FPSO for crude oil
In the case of (1), the upper surface (ceiling surface) of the crude oil tank becomes flat, so that the crude oil does not adhere to it, and the inside of the tank is easily cleaned, and the burden of the periodic cleaning is greatly reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an on-deck girder FP according to the present invention.
It is sectional drawing of the ship length direction about SO, (a) is the case of FPSO for LPG, (b) is FPS for crude oil.
This is the case of O.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are cross-sectional views of a conventional FPSO in a length direction of a ship, where FIG. 2A is a case of an LPG FPSO and FIG. 2B is a case of a crude oil FPSO.

FIG. 3 is an overall schematic view of FPSO, and (a)
Is a view of the length and depth directions as viewed from the side of the hull, and (b)
Is a view of the length and width directions as viewed from the upper surface of the hull. here,
18a shows an example of the upper deck aggregate arrangement, and 18b shows a simplified arrangement of these upper deck aggregates.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram when the FPSO is moored in an oil field.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Longitude material 2 Upper deck (DK) 3 Reinforcement material 4 Transformer material 5 LPG tank 6 Condensate tank 7 WB tank 8 Outer plate 9 Vertical partition 10 Transformer with vertical partition 11 Side tank 12 Center tank 13 Tank 14 Upper deck Surface 15 Production Plant 16 Transformer Material Position 17 Longitudinal Material Center Position 18a Upper Deck Aggregate Arrangement Example Part 18b Upper Deck Aggregate Arrangement Simplified Section 20 FPSO 21 Fixed Production Platform 22 Shuttle Tanker (Transport Vessel)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A floating body production, storage and storage system, wherein a reinforcing material for an upper deck is installed above an upper deck of a hull, and a process module is mounted on an upper portion of the reinforcing material.
Unloading equipment.