KR100460728B1 - LPG and Condensate FSO - Google Patents

LPG and Condensate FSO Download PDF

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Publication number
KR100460728B1
KR100460728B1 KR10-2001-0062917A KR20010062917A KR100460728B1 KR 100460728 B1 KR100460728 B1 KR 100460728B1 KR 20010062917 A KR20010062917 A KR 20010062917A KR 100460728 B1 KR100460728 B1 KR 100460728B1
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lpg
tank
condensate
fso
ship
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KR10-2001-0062917A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20030030667A (en
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송영식
이현국
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삼성중공업 주식회사
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B11/00—Interior subdivision of hulls
    • B63B11/02—Arrangement of bulkheads, e.g. defining cargo spaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B11/00—Interior subdivision of hulls
    • B63B11/04—Constructional features of bunkers, e.g. structural fuel tanks, or ballast tanks, e.g. with elastic walls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/14—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed pressurised
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B3/00—Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
    • B63B3/14—Hull parts
    • B63B3/62—Double bottoms; Tank tops
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B43/00—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for
    • B63B43/02—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking
    • B63B43/04—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking by improving stability
    • B63B43/06—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking by improving stability using ballast tanks

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

FSO(Floating, Storage & Offloading)라 함은 유전에서 굴착하는 원유나 LPG를 보관하고, 유조선등에 양하하기 위한 선박으로 항해를 하는 것이 아니라, 유전에 계류하기 위한 선박이다.Floating, Storage & Offloading (FSO) is a vessel for storing crude oil or LPG excavated in an oil field and sailing to an oil field rather than sailing in a ship for discharging to an oil tanker.

본 발명은 한 척의 FSO에 컨덴세이트와 LPG를 모두 저장할 수 있는 FSO 구조를 제공함으로 해서 종래에 소각되던 LPG를 저장 이용할 수 있게하고, 또한 자원 산출의 채산성을 확보할 수 있게 하는데 그 목적이 있다.An object of the present invention is to provide an FSO structure capable of storing both condensate and LPG in a single FSO, thereby making it possible to use LPG, which has been incinerated conventionally, and to secure profitability of resource calculation.

이러한 본 발명에 따른 FSO 선박은, 선박의 중앙부에 LPG 독립탱크를 탑재할 LPG 탱크 홀드를 배치하고, 상기 LPG 탱크 홀드의 양 좌우에 선각(Hull) 구조의 부분으로 컨덴세이트(condensate)를 저장할 탱크를 배치하며, 상기 컨덴세이트 탱크의 외측면으로 배의 측면 충돌시 해양오염을 예방하기 위한 발라스트 탱크(Ballst tank)를 배치함으로써 달성된다.In the FSO ship according to the present invention, a tank for storing LPG tanks to mount the LPG independent tank in the center of the vessel, and the condensate to store the condensate as part of the hull (Hull) structure on both sides of the LPG tank hold It is achieved by placing a ballast tank (Ballst tank) for preventing marine pollution during side impact of the ship to the outer surface of the condensate tank.

Description

ＬＰＧ와 컨덴세이트를 동시 저장하는 ＦＳＯ선박{LPG and Condensate FSO}LPOS and Condensate FSOs that simultaneously store LPs and condensates

FSO(Floating, Storage & Offloading)라 함은 유전에서 굴착하는 원유나 LPG를 보관하고, 유조선등에 양하하기 위한 선박으로 항해를 하는 것이 아니라, 유전에 계류하기 위한 선박이다.Floating, Storage & Offloading (FSO) is a vessel for storing crude oil or LPG excavated in an oil field and sailing to an oil field rather than sailing in a ship for discharging to an oil tanker.

종래의 FSO는 원유만을 저장하거나 LPG만을 저장하도록 설계되어 있어서, 산출되는 LPG의 양이 많지 않을 경우에는 일반적으로 LPG는 그냥 태워없애거나, 혹은 원유를 위한 FSO와 LPG를 위한 FSO를 각각 유전에 배치하고 있는 실정이었다.Conventional FSOs are designed to store only crude oil or only LPG, so when the amount of LPG produced is not high, LPG is usually burned out, or FSO for crude oil and FSO for LPG are placed in oil fields, respectively. I was doing it.

그런데, LPG를 그냥 태워버릴 경우 환경오염의 문제가 발생하고 또한 한정된 천연자원의 낭비가 된다. 반면에 오일을 저장하는 FSO와 LPG를 저장하는 FSO를 각각 1척씩 유전에 계류시키는 경우에는 유전의 규모가 작거나 혹은 산출되는 자원의 양이 충분하지 않은 경우 2척의 선박에서 발생하는 비용에 의해서 자원산출의 채산성이 악화되는 문제가 발생하게 된다.However, if LPG is just burned out, there is a problem of environmental pollution and waste of limited natural resources. On the other hand, if the oil-storing FSO and LPG-storing FSO are each moored to the oil field, the cost is incurred by two ships if the oil field is small or the amount of resources produced is not sufficient. The problem arises that the profitability of the calculation is deteriorated.

본 발명은 이와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위한 것으로, 한 척의 FSO 선박에 컨덴세이트와 LPG를 모두 저장할 수 있는 FSO 선박 구조를 제공함으로 해서 종래에 소각되던 LPG를 저장 이용하고, 또한 자원 산출의 채산성을 확보할 수 있게 하는데 그 목적이 있다.The present invention is to solve such a problem, by providing an FSO vessel structure that can store both condensate and LPG in a single FSO vessel by storing the LPG that was incinerated conventionally, and also secures the profitability of resource calculation The purpose is to make it possible.

도 1은 본 발명 LPG와 컨덴세이트를 동시 저장하는 FSO의 단면도이다.1 is a cross-sectional view of an FSO storing simultaneous LPG and condensate of the present invention.

도 2는 본 발명 LPG와 컨덴세이트를 동시 저장하는 FSO의 웨브(web) 부분의 단면도이다.Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the web portion of the FSO for simultaneous storage of LPG and condensate of the present invention.

※ 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호설명※ Explanation of Codes on Major Parts of Drawings

100 : LPG 탱크 홀드100: LPG Tank Hold

200 : 종격벽200: vertical bulkhead

210 : 종격벽210: vertical bulkhead

300 : 발라스트 탱크300: ballast tank

302 : LPG 탱크 홀드 저면302: LPG Tank Hold Bottom

310 : 발라스트 탱크310: ballast tank

202 : 컨덴세이트 탱크202 Condensate Tank

304 : 파이프304: pipe

이와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명에 따른 LPG와 컨덴세이트 (condensate : 지하 저유층에서 가스상태로 존재하며 지상의 조건하에서는 액체로 변하는 탄화수소, 주로 펜탄 보다 무거운 물질들로 구성된다)를 동시 저장하는 FSO 선박은,LPG according to the present invention and condensate (condensate: consisting of a hydrocarbon, mainly heavier than pentane, which is present in the gaseous state in the underground reservoir, and turned into a liquid under ground conditions) FSO Shipping,

선박의 중앙부에 LPG 독립탱크를 탑재할 LPG 탱크 홀드를 배치하고, 상기 LPG 탱크 홀드의 양 좌우에 선각(Hull) 구조의 부분으로 컨덴세이트를 저장할 탱크를 배치하며, 상기 컨덴세이트 탱크의 외측면으로 배의 측면 충돌시 해양오염을 예방하기 위한 발라스트 탱크(Ballst tank:흘수를 조정하기 위하여 마련된 물탱크)를 배치함으로써 달성된다.LPG tank hold to mount the LPG independent tank in the center of the ship, and the tank to store the condensate as a part of the hull (Hull) structure on both sides of the LPG tank hold, and to the outer side of the condensate tank This is accomplished by placing a ballast tank to prevent marine pollution in the event of a side impact of the ship.

따라서 선각 내부에는 총 4개의 종격벽(Longitudinal Bulkheads)이 배치된다.Therefore, four longitudinal bulkheads are arranged inside the hull.

또한, 선박의 중앙부 LPG 탱크 홀드 선저는 이중 선저를 배치하여 발라스트 탱크로 이용하고, 컨덴세이트 탱크의 선저는 단일 선저를 적용하였다.In addition, the LPG tank hold bottom of the central part of the ship has double bottoms arranged as ballast tanks, and the bottom of the condensate tank has a single bottom.

이하 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 첨부된 도면들에 의거하여 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

첨부 도면중 도 1은 본 발명 LPG와 컨덴세이트를 동시 저장하는 FSO 선박의 횡단면도이다.Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings is a cross-sectional view of the FSO vessel for storing the present invention LPG and condensate at the same time.

저온강(저온 압력 용기 등 저온에서 사용되는 강을 말하며 저온까지 충분한 인성을 가지는 재료)으로 제작된 독립형 LPG 탱크(100)는 섭씨 -48도로 액화된 LPG 카고(LPG cargo)를 대기압하에 저장하며 LPG 카고의 1차 방벽의 역할을 하고, 이를 둘러싸고 있는 탱크 홀드(탱크를 탑재하기 위한 공간을 말하며 도면에서 200, 302로 표시된 부분) 역시 저온강으로 만들어져 LPG 독립 탱크에 누출이 생겼을 때도 선각이 저온으로 냉각됨에 따라 강도가 약화되어 선각의 구조에 손상을 주지 않도록 2차 방벽의 역할을 하게된다.The independent LPG tank 100, which is made of low temperature steel (a material used in low temperature such as a low temperature pressure vessel and has sufficient toughness to low temperature), stores LPG cargo liquefied at -48 degrees Celsius under atmospheric pressure. It acts as the cargo's primary barrier, and the surrounding tank hold (the space for mounting the tank, denoted as 200, 302 in the drawing) is also made of low temperature steel so that the hull remains low when the LPG independent tank leaks. As it cools, its strength weakens and acts as a secondary barrier to avoid damaging the hull structure.

동시에, 종격벽(longitudinal bulkhead)(200)의 좌우에 있는 컨덴세이트 탱크의 경계선이기도 하다. LPG 운반선에 적용되는 국제해상법규(IGC)에 의하며 LPG 홀드와 오일 탱크가 상호 접할 경우 그 사이에 격리공간(cofferdam) 또는 A-60등급의 방열시공을 요구하지만, 본 발명의 FSO는 바다를 운행하는 선박이 아니라 유전에 계류되는 선박이기 때문에 상기 규정의 적용이 강제사항은 아니다. 따라서 본 발명은 권위있는 연구기관의 위험성 평가를 근간으로 영국의 LRS선급의 승인을 받아 단일 격벽을 적용하여 비용을 절감하였다.At the same time, it is also the boundary of the condensate tank to the left and right of the longitudinal bulkhead 200. According to the International Maritime Law (IGC) applied to LPG carriers, when LPG hold and oil tank are in contact with each other, a cofferdam or A-60 grade heat dissipation is required between them, but the FSO of the present invention operates the sea. The application of the above provisions is not compulsory because it is a ship mooring an oil field, not a ship. Therefore, the present invention has been approved by the LRS classification of the UK based on the risk assessment of the authoritative research institute to reduce the cost by applying a single bulkhead.

또한 컨덴세이트 탱크의 외측벽은 이중으로 구성되는데, 그 사이 공간을 발라스트 탱크로 이용하였다. 오일 탱크의 외벽을 이중으로 하는 이유는 FSO선박이 항해를 하지 않고 계류된다 하더라도 측면 충돌은 발생할 수 있으므로, 이러한 측면 충돌발생시 오일유출에 따른 해상 오염을 방지하기 위함이다.In addition, the outer wall of the condensate tank is composed of a double, the space between them was used as a ballast tank. The reason why the outer wall of the oil tank is doubled is that side collisions may occur even if the FSO ship is not moored, so to prevent marine pollution caused by oil spills.

반면에 컨덴세이트 탱크의 바닥은 단일선저인데, 이것은 FSO는 운항을 하지 않으므로 선저충돌의 위험은 거의 없기 때문에 경제적인 이유로 인하여 단일 바닥을 채택하였다.The bottom of the condensate tank, on the other hand, is a single bottom, which is employed for economic reasons because the FSO does not operate and there is little risk of bottom collision.

그러나, LPG 탱크 홀드의 경우는 이와 달리 이중 선저를 택하고 있는데 이는 역시 안전상의 문제로, 비록 선저 충돌의 위험이 적다고는 하나 LPG라는 화물의 위험성 때문에 이중 선저를 채택하였다.However, LPG tank hold is using a double bottom, which is also a safety issue, although it has a low risk of bottom collision, the double bottom is adopted because of the danger of LPG cargo.

이렇게 이중선저로 채택된 부분들(300 및 310)은 모두 발라스크 탱크로 이용된다.The portions 300 and 310 adopted as the double bottom are both used as ballast tanks.

정리해 보면 선체의 내부에는 4개의 종격벽(200 및 210)이 배치되며 중앙의종격벽들(200) 사이는 LPG 탱크 홀드로 이용되고, 중앙의 종격벽(200)과 외측 종격벽(210)의 사이는 컨덴세이트 탱크로 이용되고, 외측 종격벽(210)과 선체의 외벽의 사이는 발라스크 탱크로 이용되는 구조를 가진다.In summary, four longitudinal bulkheads 200 and 210 are arranged inside the hull, and between the central bulkheads 200 is used as an LPG tank hold, and the central longitudinal bulkhead 200 and the outer vertical bulkhead 210 are separated from each other. Between is used as a condensate tank, and between the outer longitudinal bulkhead 210 and the outer wall of a hull has a structure used as a balask tank.

또한, 화물 펌프 및 배관 계통은 각 시스템 별로 독립적으로 구성되어 있다. 이부분은 이 분야에 널리알려진 기술이므로 상세한 설명은 생략한다.In addition, cargo pumps and piping systems are configured independently for each system. This part is well known in the art, so a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

첨부 도면중 도 2는 본 발명 LPG와 컨덴세이트를 동시 저장하는 FSO선박의 웨브 부분의 횡단면도이다.2 of the accompanying drawings is a cross-sectional view of a web portion of an FSO ship simultaneously storing LPG and condensate of the present invention.

대형 선박들은 중간중간에 강도를 보강하기 위한 웨브(web : 횡늑골)부분을 구비하게 되는데, 본 발명 LPG와 컨덴세이트를 동시 저장하는 FSO 선박의 웨브 부분은 도시된 바와 같다.Large vessels will be provided with a web (web: rib) section for reinforcing strength in the middle. The web portion of an FSO vessel that simultaneously stores LPG and condensate of the present invention is as shown.

도시된 바와 같이 컨덴세이트 탱크(202)는 강도를 위하여 둘로 나누어지고, 발라스트 탱크(도1의 300 및 310) 부분들은 탱크 내부에 채워지는 물의 흐름을 위한 최소한의 파이프들(304)을 제외하고는 막혀있어서 선체의 강도를 보강하게 된다.As shown the condensate tank 202 is divided into two for strength, and the ballast tanks (300 and 310 in FIG. 1) have the exception of the minimal pipes 304 for the flow of water filled inside the tank. Blockages will strengthen the hull.

유조선이나 LPG 운반선 등의 선박들은 충돌이나 좌초시 심각한 해양오염의 문제를 초래하기 때문에, 그 선체의 구조 등에 엄격한 국제적인 제한을 받게 되는데 그것이 바로 국제해상법규(IGC)이다.Vessels such as oil tankers and LPG carriers pose serious problems of marine pollution in the event of a collision or stranding, and are therefore subject to strict international restrictions on the structure of their hulls, which is the International Maritime Law (IGC).

본 발명 LPG와 컨덴세이트를 동시 저장하는 FSO선박은 이러한 국제해상법규를 만족하고 있으며, 또한 앞서 설명한 바와 같이 영국의 LRS 선급의 승인을 마친상태이다.The FSO ship which simultaneously stores LPG and condensate of the present invention satisfies these international maritime legislation and has been approved by the LRS classification in the UK as described above.

이상 설명한 바와 같이, 본 발명의 FSO 선박의 선체구조는 LPG와 컨덴세이트를 동시에 단일 선박 선체내에 저장 운용 가능하게 함으로써, 경제성 등의 이유로 LPG를 태워야 했던 문제점을 해소하여 줌으로 인해서 LPG 소각에 따른 환경오염을 막아주는 한편, 한척의 FSO를 운용하여도 LPG와 컨덴세이트를 모두 저장 할 수 있게 되어, 천연자원 채취의 채산성을 높여준다.As described above, the hull structure of the FSO ship of the present invention enables the storage and operation of LPG and condensate at the same time in a single ship hull, thereby eliminating the problem of having to burn LPG for economic reasons, etc. While preventing pollution, it is possible to store both LPG and condensate even if a single FSO is operated, thereby increasing the profitability of collecting natural resources.

Claims (2)

유전에 계류되어 화물을 보관 및 양하하는 FSO에 있어서,In an FSO that holds and unloads cargo in an oil field, 선체의 중앙에 독립형 LPG 탱크를 탑재하기 위한 탱크 홀드를 구비하고,A tank hold for mounting a standalone LPG tank in the center of the hull, LPG 탱크 홀드의 선저는 이중으로 되어 있고, 그 이중 선저를 발라스트 탱크로 이용하며,The bottom of the LPG tank hold is double, using the double bottom as the ballast tank, 상기 LPG 탱크 홀드와 양측의 종격벽 사이를 컨덴세이트를 저장할 탱크로 이용하며,Between the LPG tank hold and the vertical bulkhead on both sides as a tank to store the condensate, 컨덴세이트탱크의 외측으로 발라스트 탱크를 구비하는 것을 특징으로하는 LPG와 컨덴세이트를 동시 저장하는 FSO선박.An FSO ship for storing LPG and condensate simultaneously, comprising a ballast tank on the outside of the condensate tank. 삭제delete
KR10-2001-0062917A 2001-10-12 2001-10-12 LPG and Condensate FSO KR100460728B1 (en)

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KR101577791B1 (en) * 2009-03-11 2015-12-16 대우조선해양 주식회사 Balasting system and floating marine structure having the system

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KR100965967B1 (en) 2008-01-31 2010-06-24 현대중공업 주식회사 LNG Carrier, Hull Heating System for Cofferdam Space
US10196114B2 (en) 2015-05-13 2019-02-05 Crondall Energy Consultants Ltd. Floating production unit and method of installing a floating production unit

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