IT202000018244A1 - PREFABRICATED CUSTOMIZED THERMAL COAT, REINFORCED, ANTI-ROLLOVER WITH ANTISEISMIC FIXINGS - Google Patents

Description

TITLE

THERMAL COAT PREFABRICATED TO MEASURE,

REINFORCED, ANTI-TIPPING WITH FIXINGS

ANTISEISMIC

DESCRIPTION

This patent? pertaining to cladding for existing or newly built buildings, in particular it concerns a new prefabricated thermal coat, reinforced and anti-overturning, with anti-seismic fixings, for cladding of buildings.

In particular, the new thermal coat constitutes a prefabricated modular structure suitable for being applied externally to the walls of new and existing buildings, to create a thermally and acoustically insulating coating, possibly also fire resistant and to contain damage caused by seismic events.

The new prefabricated thermal coat includes:

? at least one three-dimensional mesh wire mesh, preferably formed by electrowelded iron wires and placed in the directions of the Cartesian axes X, Y, Z to form a frame substantially having the shape of a three-dimensional panel; said three-dimensional mesh network has modular dimensions, and/or can be adapted to the centimeter based on the construction requirements and the dimensions of the building on which the insulation must be applied, and in particular has a height preferably equal to the distance between two floors, i.e. floor-to-ceiling height, or multiples thereof;

? one or more layers of insulating materials, even diversified from each other, which can be inserted within the three-dimensional network; said insulating material pu? be of any type as long as? equipped with thermal characteristics suitable for containing the thermal losses of the building and/or resistance and reaction to fire for the protection of the facades; ? It is also possible to plan to use panels of two or more? different types of insulating material, also coupled or differentiated along the height of the three-dimensional network;

? at least one stiffening and fixing bar, fixed inside said three-dimensional mesh in adherence to the wires which form the back of the mesh, ie the part intended to be placed against the wall to be covered; said stiffening bar ? intended to be fixed to the wall to be covered using suitable fixing means such as screws, dowels or other; preferably, the structure comprises at least two of said bars placed horizontally in the upper part and in the lower part of the prefabricated insulation panels; ? it is also possible to provide one or more? further bars in correspondence with the intermediate floor curbs in the case of multi-storey panels; because? ? the three-dimensional mesh should be fixed to the reinforced concrete curbs. So the three-dimensional network has a height substantially equal to the distance between two floors, so that? these bars will be fixed to the concrete curbs of the floors/foundations/curbs in general of the building to be covered, thus also fixing the three-dimensional network; for example, said bars are constituted by metal sections, for example in steel, for example L-shaped, with through holes for housing the anchors. If this bar is fixed to the concrete, concrete dowels are used, while if the bar will be fixed on brick or other supports, suitable expansion anchor plugs can be used, sized in the design phase. If the coat also has anti-seismic functions? it is appropriate that these anchorages are equipped with anti-seismic certification.

Said three-dimensional network ? also configured with a series of wires placed at a certain distance from the wires that contain the insulating material, on the side opposite the back of the three-dimensional mesh, capable of forming plaster-holding meshes, i.e. intended to retain and support a surface finish layer, preferably formed by the plaster that will result? therefore firmly anchored to said external plaster-holder meshes.

Said plaster-holder meshes are also suitable for supporting a covering layer such as tiles, terracotta strips, clinker, stone, stone, reconstructed stone, ventilated walls, etc.

Once the insulating structure ? been correctly mounted and fixed on the wall to be covered, a covering is then created formed by said three-dimensional network, mechanically linked to the floor curbs and to the foundations of the building, which has the function of:

- retaining said insulating panels facing and leaning against the wall to be covered, with the wires forming the back of the three-dimensional mesh interposed;

- retaining said finishing and coating layer;

- possibly avoid the overturning of the infill walls out of the plane, for example caused by seismic events, wind, thrusts or exceptional events such as an explosion or a collision.

Can you? also provide that, after having applied and fixed the structure to the wall to be covered, glue is injected between the wall to be covered and said insulating panels. Can you? also provide for the use of additional fixing screws/dowels inserted through the insulating panels, for example the known insulation dowels.

This new structure? suitable not only to insulate a building thermally and acoustically, but also to increase its fire resistance and improve the reaction to fire of the coated facades. AND? also able to contain the damage caused by actions that tend to cause the infill walls of buildings to overturn outwards. It is also useful to limit any inward overturning of the infill walls where suitable anti-seismic plugs capable of connecting the three-dimensional mesh to the same are provided.

Consequently, the new structure, which works on the interfloor, i.e. from floor to floor, possibly also with a pattern of continuity, thanks to said stiffening bars, and to the anti-seismic connectors that fix the bars to the curbs and to the concrete foundation armed with the building, ? capable of improving the overall behavior of the building in the event of a seismic event.

Basically, the new anti-rollover reinforced thermal cladding structure works "like an anti-fall net", preventing the seismic action from causing the infill walls to be expelled outside the plane, in order to prevent them from causing damage to people and stuff. Another important feature of the new modular structure consists in the fact that it is prefabricated in the factory, according to the previously identified shapes and dimensions of the building to be covered.

The structure what? prefab can then be transported to the construction site and installed directly on the walls according to the pre-established arrangement. Wall mounting takes place quickly by drilling the floor curbs or foundations in correspondence with the holes made in said stiffening bars and then inserting the fixing screws of said bars.

Alternatively or in combination with the use of these screws, ? It is also possible to use reinforcing bars fixed with chemical resins to said stiffening bars suitably sized and bent according to the structural design.

The characteristics of the new system will be better clarified by the following description with reference to the drawings, attached by way of non-limiting example.

In figure 1 ? schematized a network (10) with three-dimensional meshes in side view.

In figure 2 ? shown is a three-dimensional view of a portion of said three-dimensional mesh net (10) and the panels (20) made of insulating material intended to be inserted inside the meshes (15) of the net (10) are shown.

In figure 3 ? schematized the application of the new thermal insulation (100) to form a wall covering (P).

The prefabricated and reinforced thermal cladding (100), object of the present patent, comprises at least one three-dimensional mesh net (10) formed by wires (12, 13, 16, 17) welded together and arranged along the directions of the Cartesian axes X,Y,Z

The three-dimensional mesh net (10) has a substantially parallelepiped shape having mainly vertical development, i.e. along the Z axis, and horizontal along the Y axis, to form a three-dimensional panel where one of the major faces, or back (11), ? intended to be placed against the wall (P) to be covered.

Said wires (16, 12, 17) of the mesh (10) are arranged to form first parallelepiped meshes (15) close to said back (11), for the insertion of panels (20) made of insulating material, as illustrated in figure 2 .

Said mesh (10) also comprises wires (12, 13, 17) arranged to form second meshes (14) on the opposite side to said back (11), intended to retain a finishing layer (50) in plaster and called mesh meshes plaster carrier.

The new coat (100) also includes one or more? stiffening bars (30), for example L-shaped metal profiles, inserted inside the mesh (10) and fixed to the wires (16) which form the back (11) of the mesh (10), positioned horizontally in the direction of development in the width of the net (10), i.e. parallel to the Y axis.

For example, said bars (30) are fixed to the wires (16) forming the back (11) of the mesh (10) and also to the horizontal wires (17) identifying said first containment meshes (15) of the insulating panels (20).

Each of said bars (30) has holes (31) for the insertion of screws/dowels (40) for fixing the bar itself, therefore of the mesh (10), to the wall (P) and in particular to the load-bearing structural elements of a building, for example at the reinforced concrete curbs (C) of the floors.

In the preferred solution, each net (10) comprises one of said bars (30') in its upper part and one of said bars (30) in its lower part.

The network (10) has modular dimensions, particularly in height (H) which ? preferably equal to the inter-storey distance of a building, generally 3 meters or greater, or a multiple of this distance. Said bars (30, 30') of the same net (10) are also mutually spaced by the same distance, so that each net (10) can be constrained by means of said bars (30, 30') to both curbs (C) of two superimposed floors.

The width of the three-dimensional network (10) ? also preferably modular and pu? be any according to the needs.

The overall thickness (S) of the three-dimensional network (10) can be whatever, and depends on the construction requirements, such as for example the thickness of the insulating layer that you want? create and the type of finishing layer (50).

Pi? three-dimensional meshes (10) can therefore be assembled to the insulating panels (20) and bars (30) in the factory and then transferred to the construction site, where they will be arranged to completely cover a wall (P), for example of the type shown in figure 3, comprising a reinforced concrete structure, of which the curbs (C) are shown in section, and masonry infill walls (M) or of the "box" type (M').

As mentioned, each three-dimensional network (10), complete with insulating panels (20) and bars (30), ? mounted and fixed between two curbs (C) of two superimposed floors by means of screws/dowels (40) driven into the respective stiffening bars (30) and into the curbs (C) themselves.

In the case of a multi-storey building floors, if each three-dimensional network (10) has height (H) equal to the height between floors, it will be possible provide that two bars (30, 30') of two superimposed three-dimensional meshes (10) are fixed to each curb (C).

The new coat (100) cos? compound, shown in the upper part of figure 3, potr? then be finished with the application of a finishing layer (50) on said meshes (14) of plaster-holder mesh, as shown in the lower part of figure 3.

An advantage of the present invention ? that of speeding up the assembly and installation procedures of a wall cladding, since? the modular elements, i.e. the three-dimensional meshes (10) complete with insulating panels (20) and stiffening bars (30) are pre-assembled in the factory, and already have? the correct modular dimensions, as they were made to measure, based on the real dimensions of the building to be covered, previously measured, including the openings of all the openings, i.e. doors, windows, etc.

In particular, once the building to be clad has been defined and the main measurements of the facade have been taken as well as the the distances between floors, sar? Is it possible to create, in the factory, a plurality? of said three-dimensional networks (10) having a height substantially corresponding to said distance between floors or a multiple of said distance.

The three-dimensional mesh (10) assembled with panels (20) and bars (30) ? light and easily transportable and pu? be mounted on the wall (P) to be covered safely and quickly, since? ? it is sufficient to first fix the bars (30) to the curbs (C).

In a second moment it will be it is possible to inject any glue (60) between the wall (P) and the panels (20) and/or further fixing means (41) at intermediate heights.

For example, as shown in the upper part of figure 3, where the infill wall (M') is? of the box type, i.e. formed by at least two facing masonry walls with at least one insulating layer interposed, said intermediate fastening means (41) will be fixed so as to anchor themselves to both of said facing walls, stabilizing them.

Therefore, with reference to the preceding description and to the enclosed tables, the following claims are expressed.

Claims (8)

1. Thermal coat (100) for lining a wall (P) of a building, characterized in that it comprises: ? at least one three-dimensional mesh net (10) formed by wires (12, 13, 16, 17) variously arranged to form a volume having the shape of a three-dimensional panel, i.e. having the two dimensions of height (H) and width prevailing with respect to the third thickness dimension (S), with a back (11) intended to be placed against or in any case parallel to the wall to be covered (P); ? one or more layers (20) of insulating material inserted in said three-dimensional meshes of said mesh (10) ? at least one stiffening bar (30) inserted in said three-dimensional mesh (10) and fixed to the wires (16) which form said back (11) of the mesh (10); ? means (40) for fixing said bar (30) to the bearing structural elements of said building. 2. Thermal cladding (100), as per claim 1, characterized in that said bars (30) are arranged horizontally in the direction of the width development of the three-dimensional mesh (10). 3. Thermal coat (100), as per claim 2, characterized in that in each three-dimensional network (10) ? mounted at least a first said bar (30) in the lower part of the net (10) and a second bar (30') in the upper part of the net (10), and where the distance between said two bars (30, 30') ? equal to the distance between two curbs (C) of two consecutive overlapping floors of said building or multiples of said distance. 4. Thermal cladding (100), as per claim 1, characterized in that said wires (12, 13, 16, 17) forming said three-dimensional meshes of said network (10) are arranged in directions parallel to the Cartesian axes X, Y, Z to form the first three-dimensional links (15) for inserting and containing correspondingly shaped panels (20) made of insulating material. 5. Thermal cladding (100), as per claim 1, characterized in that said three-dimensional mesh (10) comprises second meshes (14) on the opposite face to said back (11), intended to act as plaster-holder meshes, on which will come applied a possible finishing layer (50). 6. Thermal coat (100), as per claim 1, characterized in that said one or more? layers of insulating material are identical or different both along the thickness and along the height of the structure. 7. Thermal coat (100), as per claim 1 or 4 or 7, characterized by the fact that said one or more? layers of insulating material are formed by substantially flat insulating panels (20), arranged inside said three-dimensional meshes of the mesh (10) so as to substantially occupy the entire surface of said back (11) of the cage (10) itself, less than overlapping perimeter parts with nearby grids (30). 8. Method for containing the outward overturning of infill walls (M) in buildings comprising a load-bearing structure with curbs or load-bearing elements (C) of floors and/or foundations, characterized in that it includes the phases of: - creation of one or more nets (10) with three-dimensional meshes, assembled with said panels (20) and said stiffening bars (30) as per the previous claims, wherein said stiffening bars (30) of the same net (10) are positioned spaced apart by one distance equal to the distance between two of said superimposed bearing elements or curbs (C) of said building; - wall mounting of these one or more? meshes (10) by fixing said bars (30) to the wall by means of screws, dowels or other fixing means in correspondence with said load-bearing elements or curbs (C) of the floors and foundation, so that the same mesh (10) is fixed at least on two horizontal lines.