IL134576A0 - A method for producing abrasive grains and the abrasive grains produced by this method - Google Patents

A method for producing abrasive grains and the abrasive grains produced by this method

Info

Publication number
IL134576A0
IL134576A0 IL13457698A IL13457698A IL134576A0 IL 134576 A0 IL134576 A0 IL 134576A0 IL 13457698 A IL13457698 A IL 13457698A IL 13457698 A IL13457698 A IL 13457698A IL 134576 A0 IL134576 A0 IL 134576A0
Authority
IL
Israel
Prior art keywords
abrasive grains
produced
producing
relates
polycrystalline body
Prior art date
Application number
IL13457698A
Other languages
English (en)
Original Assignee
Frenton Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from RU97115171A external-priority patent/RU2147509C1/ru
Priority claimed from RU97115168A external-priority patent/RU2132268C1/ru
Priority claimed from RU97115186A external-priority patent/RU2131805C1/ru
Application filed by Frenton Ltd filed Critical Frenton Ltd
Publication of IL134576A0 publication Critical patent/IL134576A0/xx

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/63Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
    • C04B35/6303Inorganic additives
    • C04B35/6316Binders based on silicon compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/52Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbon, e.g. graphite
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/56Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides
    • C04B35/565Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on silicon carbide
    • C04B35/573Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on silicon carbide obtained by reaction sintering or recrystallisation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/80After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
    • C04B41/81Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/85Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K3/00Materials not provided for elsewhere
    • C09K3/14Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
    • C09K3/1436Composite particles, e.g. coated particles
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C26/00Alloys containing diamond or cubic or wurtzitic boron nitride, fullerenes or carbon nanotubes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/043Sliding surface consisting mainly of ceramics, cermets or hard carbon, e.g. diamond like carbon [DLC]
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/42Non metallic elements added as constituents or additives, e.g. sulfur, phosphor, selenium or tellurium
    • C04B2235/422Carbon
    • C04B2235/425Graphite
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/42Non metallic elements added as constituents or additives, e.g. sulfur, phosphor, selenium or tellurium
    • C04B2235/422Carbon
    • C04B2235/427Diamond
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/42Non metallic elements added as constituents or additives, e.g. sulfur, phosphor, selenium or tellurium
    • C04B2235/428Silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/50Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
    • C04B2235/54Particle size related information
    • C04B2235/5418Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof
    • C04B2235/5436Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof micrometer sized, i.e. from 1 to 100 micron
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/60Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
    • C04B2235/608Green bodies or pre-forms with well-defined density
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/60Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
    • C04B2235/612Machining
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/60Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
    • C04B2235/614Gas infiltration of green bodies or pre-forms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/80Phases present in the sintered or melt-cast ceramic products other than the main phase
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/96Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
IL13457698A 1997-09-05 1998-09-03 A method for producing abrasive grains and the abrasive grains produced by this method IL134576A0 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU97115171A RU2147509C1 (ru) 1997-09-05 1997-09-05 Способ получения абразивного изделия и абразивное изделие, полученное этим способом
RU97115168A RU2132268C1 (ru) 1997-09-05 1997-09-05 Способ получения абразивных зерен
RU97115186A RU2131805C1 (ru) 1997-09-05 1997-09-05 Способ получения поликристаллического изделия
PCT/EP1998/005579 WO1999012867A1 (en) 1997-09-05 1998-09-03 A method for producing abrasive grains and the abrasive grains produced by this method

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
IL134576A0 true IL134576A0 (en) 2001-04-30

Family

ID=27354184

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
IL13457698A IL134576A0 (en) 1997-09-05 1998-09-03 A method for producing abrasive grains and the abrasive grains produced by this method
IL134576A IL134576A (en) 1997-09-05 2000-02-16 A method of producing abrasive grains and abrasive grains produced by this method

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
IL134576A IL134576A (en) 1997-09-05 2000-02-16 A method of producing abrasive grains and abrasive grains produced by this method

Country Status (15)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1019338B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP3902404B2 (ja)
KR (1) KR100599867B1 (ja)
CN (1) CN1101796C (ja)
AT (1) ATE229486T1 (ja)
AU (1) AU9623098A (ja)
BR (1) BR9811635A (ja)
CA (1) CA2301611A1 (ja)
CZ (1) CZ2000724A3 (ja)
DE (1) DE69810141T2 (ja)
EA (1) EA001843B1 (ja)
ES (1) ES2190814T3 (ja)
IL (2) IL134576A0 (ja)
PL (1) PL339060A1 (ja)
WO (1) WO1999012867A1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6709747B1 (en) 1998-09-28 2004-03-23 Skeleton Technologies Ag Method of manufacturing a diamond composite and a composite produced by same
CN100349825C (zh) * 1998-09-28 2007-11-21 费伦顿有限公司 制备金刚石复合材料的方法及由该方法制备的复合材料
DE60236250D1 (de) * 2001-01-19 2010-06-17 Dullien Inc Abscheider aus porösem und faserförmigem filzartigem material
JP2003340667A (ja) * 2002-05-30 2003-12-02 Disco Abrasive Syst Ltd チャックテーブル
US8697259B2 (en) 2008-05-16 2014-04-15 Anine Hester Ras Boron carbide composite materials
BR112012027030B1 (pt) 2010-04-27 2020-05-19 3M Innovative Properties Co artigo abrasivo, método de abrasão de uma peça de trabalho e método de preparo de uma partícula abrasiva conformada de cerâmica
JP6113167B2 (ja) * 2011-09-07 2017-04-12 スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー 結合研磨物品
GB201223087D0 (en) * 2012-12-20 2013-02-06 Element Six Gmbh Material comprising composite particles embedded in a matrix
KR101651664B1 (ko) * 2014-02-04 2016-08-29 일진다이아몬드(주) 열적 안정성이 향상된 다결정 다이아몬드 컴팩트
JP6390152B2 (ja) 2014-04-30 2018-09-19 住友電気工業株式会社 複合焼結体
US10350732B2 (en) 2014-11-21 2019-07-16 3M Innovative Properties Company Bonded abrasive articles and methods of manufacture
MX2017006929A (es) 2014-12-01 2017-10-04 Saint Gobain Abrasives Inc Artículo abrasivo que incluye aglomerados que tienen carburo de silicio y material de unión inorgánico.
US9914198B2 (en) * 2014-12-01 2018-03-13 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Abrasive article including agglomerates having silicon carbide and an inorganic bond material
CN107405756B (zh) * 2015-01-28 2019-11-15 戴蒙得创新股份有限公司 易碎的陶瓷结合的金刚石复合粒子以及其制造方法
GB201523182D0 (en) 2015-12-31 2016-02-17 Element Six Uk Ltd Super hard constructions & methods of making same
WO2018005310A1 (en) 2016-06-28 2018-01-04 Smith International, Inc. Polycrystalline diamond constructions
DE102018203882A1 (de) * 2018-03-14 2019-09-19 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Hartstoffpartikeln aus SiC-gebundenem Diamant, mit dem Verfahren hergestellte Hartstoffpartikel, mit den Hartstoffpartikeln hergestellte poröse Bauteile sowie deren Verwendung
JP2019019052A (ja) * 2018-08-23 2019-02-07 住友電気工業株式会社 複合焼結体
CN112683697B (zh) * 2020-12-22 2022-06-24 中国兵器工业标准化研究所 超硬磨料高温处理的升温段控制的优化方法
CN113199410A (zh) * 2021-05-28 2021-08-03 郑州磨料磨具磨削研究所有限公司 一种砂轮用复合材料的制备方法及应用

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3520667A (en) * 1967-08-15 1970-07-14 Carborundum Co Silicon carbide coated diamond abrasive grains
US4151686A (en) * 1978-01-09 1979-05-01 General Electric Company Silicon carbide and silicon bonded polycrystalline diamond body and method of making it
US4220455A (en) * 1978-10-24 1980-09-02 General Electric Company Polycrystalline diamond and/or cubic boron nitride body and process for making said body
IE49733B1 (en) * 1978-12-29 1985-12-11 Gen Electric Integral composite of polycrystalline diamond and/or cubic boron nitride body phase and substrate phase and process for making it
ZA82762B (en) * 1981-04-01 1983-01-26 Gen Electric Randomly-oriented polycrystalline silicon carbide coatings for abrasive grains
NL1009797C2 (nl) * 1998-08-03 2000-02-04 Tno Inrichting voor het meten van de volumestroom van een fluïdum in een leiding.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR9811635A (pt) 2000-08-08
ES2190814T3 (es) 2003-08-16
JP3902404B2 (ja) 2007-04-04
EP1019338A1 (en) 2000-07-19
CA2301611A1 (en) 1999-03-18
JP2001515927A (ja) 2001-09-25
KR20010023708A (ko) 2001-03-26
EA001843B1 (ru) 2001-08-27
DE69810141T2 (de) 2004-03-11
IL134576A (en) 2006-06-11
PL339060A1 (en) 2000-12-04
KR100599867B1 (ko) 2006-07-12
AU9623098A (en) 1999-03-29
EP1019338B1 (en) 2002-12-11
CN1101796C (zh) 2003-02-19
EA200000185A1 (ru) 2000-10-30
CN1272100A (zh) 2000-11-01
ATE229486T1 (de) 2002-12-15
WO1999012867A1 (en) 1999-03-18
DE69810141D1 (de) 2003-01-23
CZ2000724A3 (cs) 2001-12-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
IL134576A0 (en) A method for producing abrasive grains and the abrasive grains produced by this method
WO2002034437A3 (en) A method of making a composite abrasive compact
HK1039929A1 (en) Method of manufacturing a diamond and a composite produced by same
EP0371251A3 (en) Fabrication of supported polycrystalline abrasive compacts
EP0779129A3 (en) Method for producing abrasive compact with improved properties
SE9301811D0 (sv) Cutting insert
AU3860397A (en) Manufacture of a metal bonded abrasive product
AU1683899A (en) Abrasive, method of polishing wafer, and method of producing semiconductor device
CA2301775A1 (en) Method of manufacturing a diamond-silicon carbide-silicon composite and a composite produced by this method
CA2164494A1 (en) Abrasive body
MY116047A (en) Simulated diamond gemstones formed of aluminum nitride and aluminum nitride:silicon carbide alloys
AU2003230237A1 (en) Metal-coated abrasives, grinding wheel using metal-coated abrasives and method of producing metal-coated abrasives
EP0846667A3 (en) Ceramic parts and a producing process thereof
TW371637B (en) Vitreous grinding tool containing metal coated abrasive
CA2213910A1 (en) Composite cutting body, containing diamond particles and methods for its production
EP1027975A3 (en) Method for converting elastomers and use of the ground elastomer particles
HU9301582D0 (en) Method for manufacturing sintered grinding materials
AU2001278768A1 (en) Diamond abrasive material particles and production method therefor
AU624521B2 (en) Manufacture of an abrasive body
GB2316679B (en) Production method of silicon carbide particles
EP1066927A3 (en) Metal-bonded grinding tool and manufacturing method therefor
MY117827A (en) A polycrystal diamond tool
AU2001276586A1 (en) Abrasive product
MY120614A (en) Method of machining rare earth alloy and method of fabricating rare earth magnet using the same
YU83700A (sh) Postupak za izradu rezne ploče za obradu metalnih alata skidanjem strugotine

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
FF Patent granted
KB Patent renewed
KB Patent renewed