ID17181A - Peralatan dan metode pendeteksian tenteng molekul berdasarkan transistor - Google Patents
Peralatan dan metode pendeteksian tenteng molekul berdasarkan transistorInfo
- Publication number
- ID17181A ID17181A IDP971290A ID971290A ID17181A ID 17181 A ID17181 A ID 17181A ID P971290 A IDP971290 A ID P971290A ID 971290 A ID971290 A ID 971290A ID 17181 A ID17181 A ID 17181A
- Authority
- ID
- Indonesia
- Prior art keywords
- transistor
- equipment
- methods
- molecules based
- detecting molecules
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
- G01N33/54366—Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing
- G01N33/54373—Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing involving physiochemical end-point determination, e.g. wave-guides, FETS, gratings
- G01N33/5438—Electrodes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
- G01N27/414—Ion-sensitive or chemical field-effect transistors, i.e. ISFETS or CHEMFETS
- G01N27/4145—Ion-sensitive or chemical field-effect transistors, i.e. ISFETS or CHEMFETS specially adapted for biomolecules, e.g. gate electrode with immobilised receptors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
- B01J2219/00583—Features relative to the processes being carried out
- B01J2219/00603—Making arrays on substantially continuous surfaces
- B01J2219/00605—Making arrays on substantially continuous surfaces the compounds being directly bound or immobilised to solid supports
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
- B01J2219/00583—Features relative to the processes being carried out
- B01J2219/00603—Making arrays on substantially continuous surfaces
- B01J2219/00605—Making arrays on substantially continuous surfaces the compounds being directly bound or immobilised to solid supports
- B01J2219/0061—The surface being organic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
- B01J2219/00583—Features relative to the processes being carried out
- B01J2219/00603—Making arrays on substantially continuous surfaces
- B01J2219/00605—Making arrays on substantially continuous surfaces the compounds being directly bound or immobilised to solid supports
- B01J2219/00612—Making arrays on substantially continuous surfaces the compounds being directly bound or immobilised to solid supports the surface being inorganic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
- B01J2219/00583—Features relative to the processes being carried out
- B01J2219/00603—Making arrays on substantially continuous surfaces
- B01J2219/00653—Making arrays on substantially continuous surfaces the compounds being bound to electrodes embedded in or on the solid supports
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
- B01J2219/00583—Features relative to the processes being carried out
- B01J2219/00603—Making arrays on substantially continuous surfaces
- B01J2219/00659—Two-dimensional arrays
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
- Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US63410296A | 1996-04-17 | 1996-04-17 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
ID17181A true ID17181A (id) | 1997-12-04 |
Family
ID=24542444
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
IDP971290A ID17181A (id) | 1996-04-17 | 1997-04-17 | Peralatan dan metode pendeteksian tenteng molekul berdasarkan transistor |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6203981B1 (id) |
EP (1) | EP0894148A4 (id) |
JP (1) | JP2001511245A (id) |
AU (1) | AU711564B2 (id) |
CA (1) | CA2251867C (id) |
FR (1) | FR2747785B1 (id) |
ID (1) | ID17181A (id) |
IL (1) | IL120627A0 (id) |
TW (1) | TW329545B (id) |
WO (1) | WO1997039145A1 (id) |
Families Citing this family (66)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6485905B2 (en) | 1998-02-02 | 2002-11-26 | Signature Bioscience, Inc. | Bio-assay device |
JP4587539B2 (ja) * | 1999-09-13 | 2010-11-24 | アイメック | 有機材料に基づいてサンプル中の被分析物を検出するための装置 |
SE0004334D0 (sv) * | 2000-11-24 | 2000-11-24 | Sahltech Ab | Electron spectroscopy |
GB2370410A (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-06-26 | Seiko Epson Corp | Thin film transistor sensor |
WO2002066969A1 (fr) * | 2001-02-19 | 2002-08-29 | Kyowa Medex Co., Ltd. | Detecteur de composant charge, son procede d'utilisation et un panneau de detection |
US20040048241A1 (en) * | 2001-06-11 | 2004-03-11 | Freeman Beverly Annette | Methods for attaching molecules |
US6824974B2 (en) * | 2001-06-11 | 2004-11-30 | Genorx, Inc. | Electronic detection of biological molecules using thin layers |
WO2003014722A1 (en) * | 2001-08-08 | 2003-02-20 | The Arizona Board Of Regents | Nucleic acid field effect transistor |
DE10145701A1 (de) * | 2001-09-17 | 2003-04-10 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Fluoreszenz-Biosensorchip und Fluoreszenz-Biosensorchip-Anordnung |
CN100429509C (zh) * | 2001-11-16 | 2008-10-29 | 株式会社Bio-X | Fet型传感器 |
US20040231987A1 (en) * | 2001-11-26 | 2004-11-25 | Keck Graduate Institute | Method, apparatus and article for microfluidic control via electrowetting, for chemical, biochemical and biological assays and the like |
WO2003045556A2 (en) * | 2001-11-26 | 2003-06-05 | Keck Graduate Institute | Method, apparatus and article for microfluidic control via electrowetting, for chemical, biochemical and biological assays and the like |
FR2835058B1 (fr) * | 2002-01-21 | 2004-03-12 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | Procede de detection d'au moins un parametre caracteristique de molecules sondes fixees sur au moins une zone active d'un capteur |
DE10211901A1 (de) * | 2002-03-18 | 2003-10-16 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Verfahren zum Erfassen von makromolekularen Biopolymeren mittels eines Feldeffekt-Transistors, Biosensor und Schaltungsanordnung mit Biosensor und damit gekoppelter Auswerteschaltung |
EP1353170A3 (en) * | 2002-03-28 | 2004-02-04 | Interuniversitair Micro-Elektronica Centrum (IMEC) | Field effect transistor for sensing applications |
EP1348951A1 (en) * | 2002-03-29 | 2003-10-01 | Interuniversitair Micro-Elektronica Centrum | Molecularly controlled dual gated field effect transistor for sensing applications |
US8383342B2 (en) | 2002-04-24 | 2013-02-26 | The University Of North Carolina At Greensboro | Compositions, products, methods and systems to monitor water and other ecosystems |
US9126165B1 (en) | 2002-04-24 | 2015-09-08 | The University Of North Carolina At Greensboro | Nucleic acid arrays to monitor water and other ecosystems |
US8048623B1 (en) | 2002-04-24 | 2011-11-01 | The University Of North Carolina At Greensboro | Compositions, products, methods and systems to monitor water and other ecosystems |
DE10228260A1 (de) * | 2002-06-25 | 2004-01-22 | Bayer Ag | Methode und Vorrichtung zum impedimetrischen Nachweis eines oder mehrerer Analyten in einer Probe |
JP2004069559A (ja) * | 2002-08-07 | 2004-03-04 | Seiko Epson Corp | 製造システム、その制御装置、制御方法、制御システム及び制御プログラム |
WO2004017068A1 (ja) * | 2002-08-12 | 2004-02-26 | Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation | Dnaマイクロアレイを用いた核酸検出方法及び核酸検出装置 |
CN1232816C (zh) | 2002-08-23 | 2005-12-21 | 株式会社东芝 | 碱基序列的检测电极与装置及其检测方法 |
JP2004144630A (ja) * | 2002-10-25 | 2004-05-20 | Nikon Corp | 有機分子検出素子および有機分子検出装置 |
US7217542B2 (en) * | 2002-10-31 | 2007-05-15 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Microfluidic system for analyzing nucleic acids |
DE10251757B4 (de) * | 2002-11-05 | 2006-03-09 | Micronas Holding Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Konzentration von in einer zu untersuchenden Probe enthaltenen Liganden |
JP4832759B2 (ja) * | 2002-12-11 | 2011-12-07 | サントル ナショナル ドゥ ラ ルシェルシュ シアンティフィク | プローブ分子と標的生体分子との間の少なくとも1つの特異的相互作用を電子的に検出する方法 |
US7189987B2 (en) * | 2003-04-02 | 2007-03-13 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Electrical detection of selected species |
DE10331299A1 (de) * | 2003-07-10 | 2005-02-03 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Sensor-Transistor-Element, Sensor-Einheit und Sensor-Array |
JP2005077210A (ja) * | 2003-08-29 | 2005-03-24 | National Institute For Materials Science | 生体分子検出素子及びそれを用いた核酸解析方法 |
WO2005037917A1 (en) * | 2003-10-20 | 2005-04-28 | Zenon Environmental Inc. | System and method for synthesizing a polymer membrane |
US7317216B2 (en) * | 2003-10-31 | 2008-01-08 | University Of Hawaii | Ultrasensitive biochemical sensing platform |
GB0326049D0 (en) * | 2003-11-07 | 2003-12-10 | Qinetiq Ltd | Fluid analysis apparatus |
KR101059562B1 (ko) | 2004-02-20 | 2011-08-26 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 민감도가 향상된 바이오 fet |
KR20050087955A (ko) * | 2004-02-27 | 2005-09-01 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 드바이 길이 조절에 의한 바이오 fet를 이용한 바이오분자의 검출 방법 |
JP3874772B2 (ja) | 2004-07-21 | 2007-01-31 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 生体関連物質測定装置及び測定方法 |
US20060121501A1 (en) * | 2004-10-22 | 2006-06-08 | Stanislaw Burzynski | Method for immobilizing molecular probes to a semiconductor oxide surface |
GB0423686D0 (en) | 2004-10-25 | 2004-11-24 | Attana Ab | Surface preparation method |
US20080009002A1 (en) * | 2004-11-09 | 2008-01-10 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Analyte Identification Using Electronic Devices |
KR100624459B1 (ko) * | 2005-02-03 | 2006-09-19 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 생체분자의 전기적 검출 방법 |
US20080138889A1 (en) * | 2005-02-10 | 2008-06-12 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Semiconductor Device |
JP2008532003A (ja) * | 2005-02-25 | 2008-08-14 | コミツサリア タ レネルジー アトミーク | 複合混合物中の分子標的を分離するための方法及びデバイス |
JP2006242900A (ja) * | 2005-03-07 | 2006-09-14 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | センサユニット及び反応場セルユニット並びに分析装置 |
WO2006095252A1 (en) * | 2005-03-08 | 2006-09-14 | National Research Council Of Canada | Electrostatically regulated atomic scale electroconductivity device |
JP4353958B2 (ja) | 2005-09-15 | 2009-10-28 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Dna計測装置、及びdna計測方法 |
KR100738081B1 (ko) * | 2005-11-22 | 2007-07-12 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 무기막을 구비하는 fet 기반 바이오 센서, 그의 제조방법 및 그를 이용한 생분자 검출 방법 |
KR100773550B1 (ko) * | 2006-04-03 | 2007-11-07 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 생분자의 고정 없이 전계 효과 트랜지스터를 이용하여생분자를 검출하는 방법 |
KR100773549B1 (ko) * | 2006-04-03 | 2007-11-07 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 동일 전계 효과 트랜지스터를 이용하여 생분자를 검출하는방법 |
KR101195612B1 (ko) * | 2006-04-10 | 2012-10-29 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 금층을 포함하는 전계 효과 트랜지스터, 상기 전계 효과 트랜지스터를 포함하는 미세유동장치, 및 상기 전계 효과 트랜지스터 및 미세유동장치를 이용하여 티올기를 포함하는 분석물을 검출하는 방법 |
KR100723426B1 (ko) * | 2006-04-26 | 2007-05-30 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 이온 물질 검출용 전계 효과 트랜지스터 및 그를 이용한이온 물질 검출 방법 |
BRPI0712809A2 (pt) * | 2006-05-29 | 2012-10-23 | Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv | transistor de efeito de campo, sistema de sensor, e, uso de um sistema de sensor |
US7863603B1 (en) * | 2006-07-24 | 2011-01-04 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Cross-linked organic thin-film dielectrics |
US20080108164A1 (en) * | 2006-11-06 | 2008-05-08 | Oleynik Vladislav A | Sensor System and Method |
US20080218755A1 (en) * | 2007-03-08 | 2008-09-11 | Atmel Corporation | Semiconductor uv absorptive photometric cells |
JP4927785B2 (ja) * | 2008-06-02 | 2012-05-09 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | 電界効果型センサ |
FR2952183A1 (fr) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-06 | St Microelectronics Crolles 2 | Detecteur de matiere biologique ou chimique et matrice de detecteurs correspondante |
JP5574267B2 (ja) | 2010-05-06 | 2014-08-20 | ソウル・ナショナル・ユニバーシティ・アール・アンド・ディ・ファウンデイション | 静電容量素子センサー |
WO2012039520A1 (ko) | 2010-09-20 | 2012-03-29 | 서울대학교산학협력단 | 트랜스듀서 및 트랜스듀서 제조방법 |
CN105911126B (zh) * | 2010-09-24 | 2018-12-18 | 生命科技公司 | 匹配的晶体管对电路 |
JP5472013B2 (ja) * | 2010-09-30 | 2014-04-16 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | トランジスタ型センサ |
IT1402406B1 (it) | 2010-10-22 | 2013-09-04 | St Microelectronics Srl | Metodo di fabbricazione di un dispositivo sensore di una sostanza gassosa di interesse. |
CN102646592B (zh) * | 2011-05-03 | 2014-12-03 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 薄膜场效应晶体管器件及其制备方法 |
WO2013112541A2 (en) * | 2012-01-23 | 2013-08-01 | The Ohio State University | Devices and methods for the rapid and accurate detection of analytes |
JP2017053794A (ja) * | 2015-09-11 | 2017-03-16 | 株式会社東芝 | 電気化学センサ |
JP7257201B2 (ja) * | 2018-06-08 | 2023-04-13 | Tianma Japan株式会社 | センサ装置 |
CN110579525B (zh) | 2018-06-08 | 2023-08-18 | 天马日本株式会社 | 传感器装置 |
Family Cites Families (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4490216A (en) | 1983-02-03 | 1984-12-25 | Molecular Devices Corporation | Lipid membrane electroanalytical elements and method of analysis therewith |
DE3513168A1 (de) * | 1985-04-12 | 1986-10-16 | Thomas 8000 München Dandekar | Biosensor bestehend aus einem halbleiter auf silizium oder kohlenstoffbasis (elektronischer teil) und nukleinbasen (od. anderen biol. monomeren) |
US4943471A (en) * | 1986-05-20 | 1990-07-24 | Kanegafuchi Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Patterned thin film and process for preparing the same |
NL8602242A (nl) * | 1986-09-05 | 1988-04-05 | Stichting Ct Voor Micro Elektr | Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een refet of een chemfet, en de vervaardigde refet of chemfet. |
EP0313629A1 (en) * | 1987-05-05 | 1989-05-03 | The Washington Technology Center | A system employing a biosensor to monitor a characteristic of a select component in a medium |
US5074977A (en) | 1987-05-05 | 1991-12-24 | The Washington Technology Center | Digital biosensors and method of using same |
US5491097A (en) * | 1989-06-15 | 1996-02-13 | Biocircuits Corporation | Analyte detection with multilayered bioelectronic conductivity sensors |
US5328847A (en) * | 1990-02-20 | 1994-07-12 | Case George D | Thin membrane sensor with biochemical switch |
US5126022A (en) | 1990-02-28 | 1992-06-30 | Soane Tecnologies, Inc. | Method and device for moving molecules by the application of a plurality of electrical fields |
US5527670A (en) | 1990-09-12 | 1996-06-18 | Scientific Generics Limited | Electrochemical denaturation of double-stranded nucleic acid |
US5776672A (en) * | 1990-09-28 | 1998-07-07 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Gene detection method |
WO1993008464A1 (en) | 1991-10-21 | 1993-04-29 | Holm Kennedy James W | Method and device for biochemical sensing |
IL103674A0 (en) | 1991-11-19 | 1993-04-04 | Houston Advanced Res Center | Method and apparatus for molecule detection |
US5846708A (en) | 1991-11-19 | 1998-12-08 | Massachusetts Institiute Of Technology | Optical and electrical methods and apparatus for molecule detection |
US5391507A (en) | 1993-09-03 | 1995-02-21 | General Electric Company | Lift-off fabrication method for self-aligned thin film transistors |
US5556752A (en) | 1994-10-24 | 1996-09-17 | Affymetrix, Inc. | Surface-bound, unimolecular, double-stranded DNA |
US5495184A (en) | 1995-01-12 | 1996-02-27 | Vlsi Technology, Inc. | High-speed low-power CMOS PECL I/O transmitter |
US5719033A (en) * | 1995-06-28 | 1998-02-17 | Motorola, Inc. | Thin film transistor bio/chemical sensor |
US5827482A (en) | 1996-08-20 | 1998-10-27 | Motorola Corporation | Transistor-based apparatus and method for molecular detection and field enhancement |
-
1997
- 1997-04-04 CA CA002251867A patent/CA2251867C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-04-04 US US09/068,172 patent/US6203981B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-04-04 JP JP53715697A patent/JP2001511245A/ja not_active Ceased
- 1997-04-04 AU AU26604/97A patent/AU711564B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-04-04 WO PCT/US1997/005660 patent/WO1997039145A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-04-04 EP EP97918517A patent/EP0894148A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-04-08 IL IL12062797A patent/IL120627A0/xx unknown
- 1997-04-14 TW TW086104771A patent/TW329545B/zh active
- 1997-04-15 FR FR9704607A patent/FR2747785B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-04-17 ID IDP971290A patent/ID17181A/id unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0894148A4 (en) | 1999-06-16 |
EP0894148A1 (en) | 1999-02-03 |
FR2747785A1 (fr) | 1997-10-24 |
AU711564B2 (en) | 1999-10-14 |
CA2251867A1 (en) | 1997-10-23 |
AU2660497A (en) | 1997-11-07 |
IL120627A0 (en) | 1997-08-14 |
CA2251867C (en) | 2002-11-05 |
TW329545B (en) | 1998-04-11 |
JP2001511245A (ja) | 2001-08-07 |
US6203981B1 (en) | 2001-03-20 |
FR2747785B1 (fr) | 1999-08-13 |
WO1997039145A1 (en) | 1997-10-23 |
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