HUT72148A - Method and apparatus for producing layered mineralwool belts - Google Patents

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a process for producing a laminated mineral wool web comprising:

• Σ - ·· ·· ♦

- 2 - ...... ··· *. ·· bind with a binder and collect by suction on an air-permeable conveyor.

In the classic production method of a layered mineral wool web, the conveyor is arranged in the form of an endless conveyor belt at the bottom of the combustion chamber. On the conveyor belt the fibers of mineral wool form a pile. As it is discharged from the collection chamber, the stack is increasingly compressed between endless conveyor belts, while the fibers of the mineral wool are oriented in planes substantially parallel to the extensive outer surfaces of the mineral wool pathway thus formed. Once the desired thickness has been achieved, the mineral wool web is passed through a curing oven to cure the binder therein. After leaving the curing oven, the mineral wool path is cut into strips or layers; the cutting planes are perpendicular or transverse to the longitudinal direction of the track. The individual layers are then rotated 90 ° about their axis and glued together to form a track laminated with adhesive.

In order to better understand the invention, we first analyze the technical background and context of this classic manufacturing process.

Mineral wool-based insulating materials consist of a large number of filaments which, as mentioned above, are impregnated with a binder during the manufacturing process. By applying pressure to the extensive outer surfaces of the insulating material path, the natural fiber density (mineral wool density) is changed. In a curing oven, most often by curing an organic binder or

- By heating 3 inorganic binders, the fiber structure of the track is fixed. Raw materiality affects the mechanical, thermal or hygroscopic properties of the insulating material. Because the filaments are elongated, the properties of the insulating material show a marked anisotropy. When the fibers are arranged parallel to the extensive surfaces of the mineral wool-based insulating material, the compressibility perpendicular to these surfaces is very high and consequently the compressive strength is very low and at the same time the transverse tensile strength is low. However, the thermal conductivity of these products is minimal, i.e. very good thermal insulators.

If the fibers are perpendicular to the large surfaces, that is to say, as is usually the case for laminated webs, the compressive strength is significantly increased at the same bulk density and with the same proportion of binder. At the same time, however, the thermal conductivity also increases, that is, the thermal insulation capacity is slightly reduced. Depending on the fiber orientation of the insulating material, the pressure-deformation curves are also very different. In the case of parallel orientation with large surfaces, initially, the compressibility is relatively high and the material is increasingly compacted by increasing the compression stress. In this case, no definite breaking load can be defined. Conversely, if the fiber orientation is parallel to the direction of pressure, i.e., the fibers are perpendicular to the extensive surfaces of the track, the initial pressure resistance is relatively high. Excessive stress • ·

however, the load-bearing fiber structure collapses almost instantaneously.

The aforementioned anisotropy of the properties of insulating materials is utilized in a variety of ways. Laminated duvets are preferred for insulation of pipelines and similar curved objects. The laminate webs is below 30 kg / m ^J using raw density of mineral wool, whereas in case of mineral wool products is below 70 kg / m ^3rd Because the laminates have a high degree of compressibility in parallel with the substrate, they can be laid over the surface of the object to be insulated without particularly high resistance. However, they have high compressive strength in the direction of the radius of the curved surfaces. Another advantage is that the outer surface of the insulating layer is even.

Larger, e.g. Insulation materials with a density greater than 100 kg / m ³ , in particular stone wool based insulation materials, are commonly used to insulate flat roofs. In the case of fiber orientation parallel to the extensive surfaces, 30 to 50% more fibers are required to achieve the same compression strength in order to ensure the passability. On roofs, laminated mineral wool paths are usually bonded to bitumen paths. It is also common practice to glue them under a relatively thin mineral wool-based cover layer with a balancing function. The profile of the tracks or sheets may be rectangular or - e.g. to give a flat roof a slope - also trapezoidal.

Layered tracks can also be used as external plaster substrates, glued to the outer walls of corner buildings, to which reinforced plaster is then applied. Even with a bulk density of over 90 kg / m ² , these sheets can be fitted to curved surfaces, with a naturally larger bending radius. Layers of lower bulk density are usually glued on paper or cardboard and used as an interior render.

One of the major applications of mineral wool-based insulating materials is wood structures, e.g. insulation of roofs and other external and internal timber structures. In this case, the insulating material must be closely matched to the contour of the wood structure (beams, planks) that are in contact with it so that no joints are formed, which would form thermal bridges. However, the bending strength of the insulating material must be high enough for e.g. do not fall out of the spaces between the rafters. On the other hand, with the normal orientation of the fibers parallel to the extended surfaces of the track, the maximum compressive strength is in the direction parallel to the extended surfaces, which means that the desired joint is not produced, especially for thick insulation and similar wood structures. In this case, the targeted overload of the edges of the insulating boards can increase the compressibility in this area. However, breaking the structure will in most cases result in the edges becoming too weak or the layers separating, and in no case can the safe insertion of the insulation sheets be guaranteed.

The dimensions of the layered webs, especially their width, are limited by the usual width of the curing oven. Since the thickness of the insulating material is generally less than 20-30 cm, in practice the free height of the curing oven is also limited accordingly. Although multiple layered tracks can be glued together into a single sheet, this is an additional costly production operation. In addition, when using organic adhesive, so much flammable material can get into the insulation material that it loses its required non-flammable property (eg according to DIN 4102 part 1). The flexibility and diffusion capacity of the insulating material can also be significantly reduced around the adhesive layer.

The above ideas were intended to highlight the difficulties encountered in selecting the appropriate mineral wool product and in the classical manufacturing process.

Therefore, another object of the invention has been chosen: the object of the present invention is to provide a process for the production of a laminated mineral wool web which allows the production of a final product with very low strength and low binder strength.

The object of the present invention is solved by collecting the mineral wool in successive separate segments of the conveyor and blowing it out of the conveyor by segment outside the combustion chamber. The mineral wool layers thus formed are then successively transferred to a conveyor belt such that the mineral wool on the conveyor belt is substantially in the direction of travel of the conveyor belt. is perpendicular to the fiber orientation. The mineral wool layers are joined along the conveyor belt to form a laminated mineral wool web, compressed by pressure to the desired thickness of the mineral wool web, and then fed into a curing oven where the binder is cured.

This process greatly simplifies the preparation of the individual layers and has the advantage that the upper and lower surfaces of the layers are initially completely irregular. Only when pressed to the desired thickness, the two surfaces of the laminated mineral wool web become a flat surface. This is advantageous because the orientation of the fibers in the inner part of the mineral wool path remains substantially perpendicular to the extensive surfaces, while the mineral wool paths are flattened around the expansive surface, because at this stage the binder is not easily hardened and , I can bend. As a result, the laminated mineral wool web from the curing furnace has extremely advantageous strength properties, particularly in terms of compressive, flexural and tensile strength.

The production of mineral wool layers becomes very easy because the mineral wool layers blown off the segments are sucked on a substantially vertical conveyor belt.

The invention also includes an apparatus for carrying out the method of the invention described. The characteristic features of the apparatus according to the invention are as follows. The conveyor is an infinite conveyor assembled from a number of air-permeable segments. At least a portion of the respective segments located in the collection chamber has a suction chamber and there is a blow chamber for each segment outside the collection chamber. A conveyor belt is positioned beneath the blowing chamber such that successive blown mineral wool layers are formed into a laminated mineral wool path substantially perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor. Above the mineral wool path there is an additional conveyor belt which compresses the mineral wool layers to the desired thickness. The apparatus also includes a curing oven through which the mineral wool web is guided through, while the binder hardens.

Preferably, the suction chamber and the suction chamber are stationary inside the conveyor.

In order to facilitate the downward movement of the mineral wool layer towards the conveyor belt, a substantially vertical air-permeable conveyor belt with a suction chamber may be provided at a distance therefrom. Advantageously, the distance of this vertical conveyor from the blow chamber is variable or adjustable.

Preferably, the blowing chamber is positioned such that the segment forming the air blowing surface is substantially vertical to ensure that the mineral wool layers are respectively blown upright.

A baffle plate or a plurality of baffle rollers may be disposed underneath the conveyor, outside the conveyor, so that the mineral wool layers coming from the vertical conveyor are directed to the lower conveyor.

The conveyor of the apparatus may be a drum rotating about a horizontal axis disposed at the outlet of the collecting chamber, the periphery of which is divided into segments. The suction and discharge chamber in the drum are bounded by stationary substantially radial walls and drum front walls. Depending on the requirement, the drum gauge is a polygon or circle; in one case flat mineral wool layers are formed, in the other case curved mineral wool layers. Advantageously, there are air-tight bands between the segments that are parallel to the axis of the drum, which facilitates individual peeling of the mineral wool layers.

The conveyor of the apparatus may also be an endless, air-permeable conveyor belt, which is guided around two spaced apart drums with a horizontal axis and is articulated into hinged, flat surface segments. The segment of the drums is a polygon according to the segments. If the conveyor is a conveyor belt, the suction chamber is located in the drum facing the collection chamber, while the ·· · ·· blower chamber is located in the drum outside the combustion chamber. In addition, an additional suction chamber may be conveniently located above the lower leg of the conveyor, between the two drums.

An advantage of the device is that the conveyor can be operated in continuous or intermittent mode depending on demand. The same applies to the blowing chamber and the vertical conveyor with the suction chamber.

The air-permeable surface of the segments is preferably formed as a filter. This is useful because it also causes the smallest fiber in the mineral wool to get stuck in the segments.

The air-release surface of the segments may be rectangular or, if necessary, triangular or trapezoidal, forming triangular or trapezoidal mineral wool layers, and the section of the laminated mineral wool path will be triangular or trapezoidal, respectively.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. The attached drawings show

Fig. 1 is a side view of an embodiment of the device according to the invention; the

Figure 2 is a side view of another possible embodiment; the

Figure 3 is a front view of a drum; finally the

Fig. 4 is a front view of another embodiment of a drum.

Figure 1 is a simplified view of a collection chamber 1, which is provided by an upper wall 2 (also known as a roof) and a front • ·

wall and 4 bottoms. The opening 5 in the front wall 3 of the collection chamber 1 has a drum 6 which is pivotally supported about an axis 7 in the direction of the indicated arrow. The drum 6 acts as an endless, circular conveyor and is divided into a plurality of air permeable segments 8, 9, 10, 11. As shown in Fig. 2, the drum 6 rotating about the horizontal axis 7 is preferably disposed in the upper and / or lateral outlets of the collection chamber 1. At least a portion of the respective segments located in the collection chamber 1 has a suction chamber 12, and at each of the segments 10 located outside the collection chamber 1 there is a suction chamber 15. The suction chamber 12 and the exhaust chamber 15 are bounded by stationary substantially radial walls 13, 14 and 16, 17 and the front walls of the drum 6 (the latter not shown).

Mineral wool layers 19, 20, 21 are collected from the mineral wool 18, which is produced by a conventional fiber group machine and sprayed with a binder, due to the suction effect of the suction chamber 12 on the segments of the drum 6; in the mineral wool layers 19, 20, 21, fiber orientation is substantially parallel to the plane of the segments. By rotating the drum 6, the mineral wool layers 19, 20, 21 are successively introduced into the area of the blowing chamber 15 where they are blown away by the blowing chamber 15. Below the blasting chamber 15, a conveyor belt 27 is positioned such that successive blasted mineral wool layers 21 form a mineral wool path 29 laminated substantially perpendicular to the direction of travel of the conveyor belt 27. THE

In order to facilitate the downward movement of the mineral wool layer onto the conveyor belt 27, there is a substantially vertical air-permeable conveyor belt 22 provided with a suction chamber 24 opposite the discharge chamber 15. Thus, the mineral wool layer 21 discharged by the blowing chamber 15 is first taken up by the vertical conveyor belt 22 and then transported downward in the direction indicated by the arrow 23. As shown in Figure 1, in each of the mineral wool layers 26 arriving on the conveyor 27, the fiber orientation is the same as that of the laminated mineral wool web to be produced.

Preferably, at least one baffle 25 is disposed on the outside of the conveyor underneath the blowing chamber 15, which guides the mineral wool layers 21, 26 coming down from the vertical conveyor belt 22 to the lower conveyor belt 27. Instead of the baffle plate 25, suitable baffle rollers may be used. Above the conveyor belt 27 is an additional conveyor belt 28, and a laminated mineral wool web 29 is formed between the two conveyor belts 27, 28 at suitably controlled speeds, connected by each of the mineral wool layers. Between the two conveyors 27, 28, the mineral wool web 29 is brought to the desired thickness, e.g. tilting the upper conveyor belt 28 relative to the transport direction; in addition, additional conveyor belts with sufficient inclination and decreasing distance can be connected to the two conveyors 27, 28. As a result of the conveyor belts 27, 28, the upper and lower surfaces of the laminated mineral wool web 29 will be flat and fibers will be formed around each of the extensive surfaces.

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- 13 - ............

the aforementioned felt filleting. In the laminated mineral wool web 29 thus formed, the binder is not yet cured. Therefore, the mineral wool web 29 is then guided through a curing oven (not shown) of a conventional design where the binder hardens.

In the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 1, the drum 6 has a polygonal section so that the segments 8, 9, 10, 11 have a substantially flat surface. Between the segments 8, 9, 10, 11 there are preferably air-tight strips parallel to the axis 7 of the drum 6, so that the mineral wool layers 19, 20, 21, which are often formed separately, are not bonded or easily separated from each other. In a possible embodiment, the drum is cylindrical and the air-permeable segments are separated from each other by air-tight strips parallel to the drum axis. Slightly curved mineral wool layers are formed, corresponding to the cylindrical shell of the drum, which can be utilized to form certain types of laminated mineral wool paths.

It should also be noted that the suction chamber 12 and the suction chamber 15 are preferably stationary in the drum 6. Details of any seals that may be required are not shown.

As shown in Figure 1, the blowing chamber 15 is positioned such that, at the position of the segment 10, the air blowing surface is substantially vertical so that the mineral wool layers 21 are in a vertical position, respectively.

blown away.

Figure 2 shows a further embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention. In this case, the conveyor includes an endless, air-permeable conveyor belt 40, which is guided around two spaced apart drums 34, 35 having a horizontal axis. The conveyor 40 is divided into hinged, flat-surface segments 43. The segment of the drums 34, 35 is a polygon according to the segments 43. In this embodiment, the suction chamber 36 is disposed within a drum 34 facing the collection chamber 30. In contrast, the blow-off chamber 37 is located in the drum 35, which is located outside the collection chamber 30, which is simplified. The collecting chamber 30 has an upper wall 31 and a front wall 32 and a cutout 33 for the conveyor. Preferably, the conveyor belt 40 is disposed in the upper wall 31 of the collecting chamber 30 and in the cutout 33 formed in the front wall 32 of the collecting chamber 30 so that the drum shafts 34, 35 are approximately at the height of the upper wall 31 of the collecting chamber. the end of the outlet extends from the collecting chamber 30 with its associated drum 35. In this example, the suction chamber 36 is bounded by walls 38, and the suction chamber 37 is enclosed by cabinet walls 39.

In a preferred embodiment, at least one additional suction chamber 44 is disposed over the lower branch 42 of the conveyor belt 40, between the two drums 34, 35. Due to the space available or to simplify the construction, the additional 44 suction chambers are more 45

can be divided into a sub-chamber or a single chamber. The length of the sub-compartments 45 in the conveying direction may then be approximately equal to the length of the segments 43 of the conveyor 40.

In this embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention, the suction chamber 36 and the suction chamber 44 also suck mineral wool 46 in such a way that mineral wool layers 47 are formed in each segment 43, which then leaves the upper chamber 40 and the ignition chamber 40. in the direction of the arrow 49, they are directed to the blowing chamber 37. The blasting of the mineral wool layers 47 and the formation of the laminated mineral wool pathway 29 itself takes place in a manner similar to that described above with respect to Figure 1. The spacing of the vertical conveyor belt 22 from the discharge chamber 37 can be varied or adjusted as indicated by arrow 48. The same applies to the distance between the conveyor belt 22 with the suction chamber 24 and the drainage chamber 15 (see Figure 1).

Depending on the particular operating conditions, the conveyor, i.e. the drum 6 (Fig. 1) or the conveyor 40 (Fig. 2), may be optionally operated in continuous or segment-by-segment mode. Accordingly, the drainage chamber 15 or 17 and the upright conveyor belt 22 provided with the suction chamber 24 may also optionally be operated in continuous or segmental mode.

With regard to the constructions of Figures 1 and 2, the following should be emphasized.

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In contrast to the known devices, in which the mineral wool is collected on a conveyor belt in the lower, bottom part of the collecting chamber, the mineral wool 18 or 46 in the device according to the invention moves in other directions, namely towards the respective suction chambers This has the advantage that beads or other forms of solid, non-fibrous particles of mineral are separated by gravity from the flowing mineral wool, fall by gravity, and collect at the bottom of the collection chamber from where they can be removed. With this simple method, it is possible to prevent unwanted lumps from entering the conveyor belt formed from the mineral wool path.

The air-permeable surface of the segments described above, which plays a role in the accumulation of mineral wool, is preferably formed as a filter; this means that the air-permeable surfaces can be provided with a filter-like coating, which allows even the smallest fibers to be collected.

Fig. 3 is a front view of a drum 6 with its individual segments 50, 51, 52 being rectangular throughout its periphery. These rectangular air-permeable surfaces, as mentioned above, are preferably separated by air-tight bands 53, 54. Thus, as the drum 6 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow 55, rectangular mineral wool layers are blown therefrom.

As shown in Figure 4, within the rectangular segments 56, 57, 58 ♦ ·, the air-permeable surfaces 59, 60, 61 may be triangular or trapezoidal. At this time, the remaining triangular surfaces 62, 63, 64 are air-tight surfaces. In this case, while the drum 6 rotates in the proper direction indicated by the arrow 65, triangular or trapezoidal mineral wool layers are formed and blown at the respective blow chamber. That is, the trapezoidal or triangular laminated mineral wool web is formed on the conveyor 27, which, for example, is a finished product. used for insulating sloping roofs. In order to produce such triangular or trapezoidal laminated mineral wool webs, the upper plate conveyor belts of the curing furnace are pivotally supported at an angle corresponding to the slope of the triangular or trapezoidal mineral wool layers. Obviously, the pivotability also applies to the upper conveyor 28.

Claims (23)

Claims A method for producing a laminated mineral wool web (29), comprising spraying mineral wool (18; 46) with a binder in a collection chamber (1; 30) and collecting it on an air-permeable conveyor by means of a suction wire. - collecting the mineral wool (18; 46) on successive separate segments (8, 9, 10, 11; 43) of the conveyor and blowing it out of the conveyor per segment outside the collection chamber (1; 30); - the successively formed mineral wool layers (19, 20, 21; 47) are successively transferred to a conveyor belt (27) such that the mineral wool (18; 46) on the conveyor belt (27) is substantially perpendicular to the direction of travel of the conveyor belt (27); and combining the mineral wool layers (19, 20, 21; 47) on the conveyor belt (27) side by side to form a laminated mineral wool web (29), compressing it by pressing it to the desired thickness of the mineral wool web (29), curing the binder. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the mineral wool layers (21) blown off the segments (10) are sucked onto a substantially vertical conveyor belt (22). • · · ·· Apparatus for carrying out the process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that - a conveyor assembly comprising a plurality of air-permeable segments (8, 9, 10, 11; 43) joined together, an endless conveyor device; - at least a portion of the respective segments located in the collection chamber (1; 30) has a suction chamber (12; 36) and at each segment (10) outside the collection chamber (1; 30) there is a blow-out chamber (15; 37); - a conveyor belt (27) located beneath the blowing chamber (15; 37) such that the successive extruded mineral wool layers (21) form a mineral wool web (29) substantially perpendicular to the direction of travel of the conveyor belt (27); - above the mineral wool web (29) there is an additional conveyor belt (28) which compresses the mineral wool layers (21) to the desired thickness; and - an integral part of the apparatus is a curing oven through which the mineral wool web (29) is guided as the binder cures. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that there is a substantially vertical air-permeable conveyor belt (22) opposite the outlet chamber (15; 37), which is provided with a suction chamber (24). Apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that - the conveying device being a drum (6) rotating about a horizontal axis (7), the periphery of which is divided into segments (8, 9, 10, 11); • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ··· And the drum (6) is located in the upper and / or lateral outlet of the collection chamber (1). Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the suction chamber (12) and the suction chamber (15) are stationary, substantially radial walls (13, 14; 16, 17) and the front walls of the drum (6). Apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that - the profile of the drum (6) is polygonal; - the segments (8, 9, 10, 11; 50, 51, 52) have a substantially flat surface; - and between the segments (50, 51, 52) there are air-tight strips (53, 54) parallel to the axis (7). The apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that - the drum is cylindrical; - and the air-permeable segments are separated from each other by air-sealing strips parallel to the axis of the drum. 9. In Figures 3-8. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one baffle plate (25) or a plurality of baffle rollers are disposed on the conveyor outside the conveying device, which deposit mineral wool layers (21, 26) from the vertical conveyor (22) 27) lead / lead. 10. Referring to FIGS. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the suction chamber (12) and the suction chamber (15) are fixed in the interior of the conveyor ··· 't »*. 1 ”··« · 9 · · · 99 9 9 placed. Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that the blowing chamber (15) is arranged such that the segment (10) forming the air blowing surface is substantially vertical and the mineral wool layers (21) are respectively blown upright. The apparatus of claim 3, characterized in that the conveyor being an endless, air-permeable conveyor belt (40), which is guided around two spaced apart drums (34, 35) having a horizontal axis and is articulated in hinged, planar segments (43); and the segment of the drums (34, 35) is polygonal according to the segments (43). Apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the suction chamber (36) is located in a drum (34) facing the combustion chamber (34) and the blowing chamber (37) is located in a drum (35) outside the collection chamber (30). Apparatus according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the conveyor belt (40) is formed in a cutout (33) in the upper wall (31) of the collecting chamber (30) and in the front wall (32) of the collecting chamber (30). ) is disposed such that the axes of the drums (34, 35) are approximately at the height of the upper wall (31) of the collecting chamber (30) and protrudes. 15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein: Characterized in that at least one additional suction chamber (44) is disposed over the lower leg (42) of the conveyor belt (40) between the two drums (34, 35). Apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that the further suction chamber (44) is divided into a plurality of sub-chambers (45) having a length in the conveying direction approximately equal to the length of the segments (43) of the conveyor belt (40). 17. A 3-16. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the conveying device is optionally operated in continuous or segmental mode. 18. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the air-permeable surface of the segments is formed as a filter for collecting mineral wool (18; 46). Apparatus according to claim 18, characterized in that the air-permeable surface of the segments (50, 51, 52) is rectangular. Apparatus according to claim 18, characterized in that the air-permeable surface (59, 60, 61) of the segments (56, 57, 58) is triangular or trapezoidal, thus forming triangular or trapezoidal mineral wool layers. Apparatus according to claim 18, characterized in that the upper plate conveyor belts of the curing furnace are pivotally supported at an angle corresponding to the incline of the triangular or trapezoidal mineral wool layers. A * * ·· ·· * + · «· ► • · · · · k · 9 ··· · «9 ··« • · »·· * ·· ···· O« · ·· «9 22. A 3-21. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the outlet chamber (15; 37) and the vertical conveyor belt (22) provided with the suction chamber (24) are optionally operated in continuous or segmental mode. 23. A 4-22. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the distance of the vertical conveyor belt (22) from the blowing chamber (15; 37) can be varied or adjusted.