FI58453B - FOERFARINGSSAETT OCH ANORDNING FOER FRAMSTAELLNING AV MATTOR ELLER SKIVOR AV TVAERORIENTERAD MINERALULL - Google Patents

Description

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Patent- OCh regi * ter * tyr * l ** n 'Antölan utltgd oeh utUkrlfun publleund -51 · iu · ou (32) (33) (31) Requested front * - Begird prlorlt «t 17.02.72 Ruot3i-Sverige (SE ) 1938/72 (71) Rockwool Aktiebolaget, Skövde, Sweden-Sverige (SE) (72) Per ~ 01of Lundquist, Skövde, Sweden-Sverige (SE) (7 * 0 Berggren Oy Ab (5 ^) Method and apparatus for carpets or rugs for the manufacture of sheets from transverse mineral wool - Förfaringssätt och anordning för framställning av mattor eller skivor av tvärorienterad mineralull

Mineral wool is made by forming thin fibers in a spinning machine from a molten mineral, e.g., glass, aggregate, slag, or the like, which the fan throws towards the conveyor belt on which the fibers are collected. During the journey of the fibers, various liquid products are sprayed from the spinning machine onto the belt or possibly with the belt itself. Sometimes some oil is added to bind the dust generated during spinning and to make the fibers water repellent, and usually some binder is added to fix the fiber mass to a certain shape. The binder is usually of the plastic type and acts so that the fibers adhere to each other at their mutual points of contact. The binder is stabilized by heat treatment. The purpose of the heat treatment is to remove any water present by evaporation, to cure the binder if this is a curable plastic, or to melt it if it is a thermoplastic.

On their way from the spinner to the belt, the fibers form twists and bends, and when they fall onto the belt, they are deposited so that the plane of the twist or bend is completely or almost parallel to the plane of the belt. As a result, the resulting mineral wool mat forms strongly eye-catching layers, as a result of which the mat becomes 2,5453 well compressible in a direction perpendicular to its plane but much less compressible in the plane direction of the mat.

For many uses, this feature may be desirable and useful, but for some uses it is clearly detrimental. An example of a case where compressibility is detrimental is the use of mineral wool for insulation around pipes, tanks, etc., which contain substances whose temperature differs significantly from the ambient temperature. Namely, when wrapping a mineral wool mat of the above-mentioned type, e.g. around a pipe, the outer layers shrink in the circumferential direction, which causes the material to compress and the insulation performance to deteriorate. Another example is the use of insulation in floors and beamed ceilings, where the mineral wool mat must be able to be loaded perpendicular to its plane without collapsing. When a mineral wool mat is fitted to a beam ceiling to thermally insulate it, in which case the mat may have to be subjected to a load force perpendicular to its plane, it is also compressed so that it thins but thickens. Due to the decrease in its thickness, the mineral wool mat then loses its insulating capacity, but at the same time its specific insulation number increases slightly due to the increase in density.

Many other examples can be given. With full knowledge of these conditions, it has already been proposed in the past to divide mineral wool after its hardening into strips which are turned 90 ° about its longitudinal axis and then joined into a so-called lamellar product. Instead of turning the strips 90 ° about their longitudinal axis, they can be reoriented in other ways with the same results. The coupling is usually performed simultaneously in two different ways, or at least in each special case, in one of these two ways. Thus, the underside of the lamellae is either glued to a substrate, e.g. a sheet of kraft paper or a suitable cardboard sheet, and / or the facing sides of the mineral wool lamellae are glued together to form a planar formation.

Said gluing step requires cost and labor and thus increases the price of the product. The types of adhesives in question are generally flammable, and thus the non-combustible material per se, which is mineral wool as an effective mass, has had to include a combustible substance which increases the flammability of the mineral wool. If paper is used, it is also flammable.

The object of the present invention is to avoid the gluing step according to the method 58853 hitherto used in the manufacture of mineral wool lanell mats or sheets. The invention is based on the observation that by using certain special precautions it is possible to change the mineral wool mat into a lamellar composition even before it has hardened. If the separated strips are turned aside or otherwise reoriented and pressed against each other before the formed mineral wool mat is introduced into the curing oven, the added binder, usually curable plastic, simultaneously acts as a binder both between the fibers within the strips and between the strips. the fibers are oriented mainly perpendicular to the plane of the mat, and this result is achieved without glue and paper.

Accordingly, the invention relates to a method for producing carpets or sheets from transverse mineral wool, and its characteristic features, both in terms of method and apparatus, are apparent from the appended claims.

The invention will be explained in more detail below in connection with the application example shown in the accompanying drawing. It should be noted, however, that the invention is not limited to this particular embodiment, but may be modified in various ways within the scope of the invention.

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In the drawing, Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an apparatus according to the invention for producing transverse mineral wool, Fig. 2 is a schematic detail of a dispensing apparatus, Fig. 3 shows a corresponding sketch of a turning apparatus, and Fig. 4 finally a similar sketch of a curing apparatus of Fig. 1.

In Fig. 1, a dome furnace for melting a mineral is denoted by reference numeral 10. A jet of mineral melt 11 flows into a spinning device represented in the figure by a single spinning wheel 12, although it may generally be more advantageous to use a plurality of spin wheels arranged in succession. The spinning wheels, thus represented by the wheel 12 in Fig. 1, rotate at a high speed, and due to the centrifugal force, the tough mineral melt is ejected as fine wires 13 · For example, a plastic solution . The plastic is sprayed from the nozzle 14. Thus further impregnated with the flowing plastic solution, mineral wool is deposited on the belt 15 by a fan 16 which draws air through the belt 15 into the suction box 17. The belt is preferably endless and passes over two rollers 18, 19 driven by a motor (not shown). A fluffy composition of strongly layered mineral wool is thus deposited on the belt into a mat 20, which is suitably compressed by the pressure of the press roll 21. In this compressed, still uncured and highly flexible state, the mineral wool comes out as a mat 22.

As soon as the mat has left the belt 15, it enters the area of the distribution members 23. These are presented as sawmills. Several saws are arranged side by side so that they are in extension with each other in the transverse direction, which is why only one saw is shown in Fig. 1. The mat is thus divided into a number of strips which run into the turning device.

This consists, for each strip, of two output rollers 24, 25 arranged horizontally on their axes and two receiving rollers 26, 27 arranged vertically on their axes. The endless belt 28 passes over the rollers 24 and 26 and the other endless belt 29 passes over the rollers 25 and 27. These belts 28 and 29 thus trap the mineral wool strip between them and turn it, due to the rotation which takes place on the belts as they pass from the rollers 24, 25 to the rollers 26, 27.

Because the strips are compressed, they still have this compression left between the belts 28,29 as they pass between the belts 28, 29, but they tend to expand flexibly in a direction which is vertical but which, due to the rotation of the belt, the belts 28, 29 between the rollers 26, 27 the conveyor 30 following the horizontal is horizontal. As a result, the adjacent strips are pressed against each other as the endless conveyor 30 passing over the rollers 31, 32 feeds them through the furnace 33, where the plastic material sprayed from the nozzle 1 to the fibers is cured, for example by blowing hot gas through the furnace.

It is already known to spray the plastic solution by means of a nozzle 14. In this case, this plastic solution can be used as a binder after curing in the oven 33, not only by knowing the fibers together at their intersection points in each strip in a manner known per se, but also by tying the separate, adjacent strips together as mentioned above. This fact has already been exploited in the past in the manufacture of corrugated mineral wool. In contrast, it is not previously known to connect strips of mineral wool cut apart in the same way, each of which has been turned aside in the manner mentioned above. The invention is based on the finding that this is possible.

From the outlet side of the furnace 33, a uniform, continuous, transversely laminated mineral wool mat 3 appears in the transverse direction. This is then cut with a knife, saw or the like 35 into pieces 36 of suitable length.

Thus, the mineral wool mat is compressed and cut into strips before curing, and after cutting, the strips are placed in a laminated position transverse to each other. When they are then cured, the individual fibers in each strip are bonded to each other at their intersections in a manner known per se, but in addition there is also a bond between the vertical plane of the strip and the vertical plane leaning against the adjacent strip.

It is now required that the reader know what the spinning device used to make the mineral wool is. An example of such a spinning device is thus shown only schematically in Figure 1, which includes a spinning wheel 12, but it is clear that the invention is not limited to the use of such a spinning device, but that any spinning device may be used in connection with the invention.

Figure 2 shows an example of how the compression of the resulting, initially very fluffy mineral wool can be performed to provide the expansion effort that is essential at a later stage to apply pressure between the various strips to be bonded together to form the final transverse laminated mineral wool.

As can be seen from the above, the strips can theoretically be cut at any angular position with respect to the longitudinal direction of the mat. However, for practical reasons, it is only possible to cut them either in the longitudinal or transverse direction of the mat. Although in the following embodiment the cutting is performed in the longitudinal direction, the invention is of course not limited thereto.

The roll 19 passing over the endless belt 15 to transport bulky mineral wool 20 in the direction of the arrow 37. Figure 1 schematically shows a roll 21 as a compression device. A more complete device for this purpose consists of a second endless belt 38 passing over rollers 39, 4o and 4l, whereby another roll 42 may be arranged to tighten the top of the belt down. shown on the left in Fig. 2, is compressed in this way to a smaller thickness but a higher density, as shown at 22 on the right in the same figure.

Immediately after the roll 41 on which the endless conveyor belt 38 changes its direction of travel, a series of saw blades 43 are arranged. The invention is not critical to how these saw blades are arranged as long as their sawing direction is such that the compressed mat 22 becomes sawn into strips. Thus, for example, these strips may be transverse to the longitudinal direction of the mat, but in the illustrated embodiment they are longitudinal to the mat. They are marked with the reference number 44. The line inside the strips indicates the direction of the layers in them. In order to obtain a transverse-laminated mineral wool mat, they must be turned 90 ° about their own longitudinal axis, so that, for example, the side indicated by the number 45 in Fig. 2 becomes a sub-side. This takes place in the device according to Fig. 3, which is intended to be placed immediately after the device according to Fig. 2, as also shown in Fig. 1.

For the sake of clarity, only the machinery is shown in Figure 2 and only partially. However, one skilled in the art will certainly understand what it looks like when perfect. The large motor 46 is adapted via the belt 47 to drive two rollers 48 and 49. To guide the belt 47, the device further comprises two auxiliary rollers 50 and 51. A plurality of endless conveyor belts pass over each of the rollers 48 and 49, of which only the conveyor belts 52 and resp. 53 · The two conveyor belts are arranged to trap a strip 44 between them, see Fig. 2. They have a rotation in that the rollers 48 and 49 run horizontally but the rollers 54 and 55 instead run vertically.

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As a result, it is easy to see that the strip between the belts 52 and 53 pivots aside so that its layer direction will be vertical as it exits the belts 52 and 53 at the rollers 54 and 55.

When the device is in operation, a relatively large number of such transverse strips thus pass in parallel past the rollers 54 and 55 and the rolls parallel to them. They are then fed to the device shown in Fig. 4. This figure also shows the endless belts 52 and 53 passing through the rollers 54 and respectively. Over 55 · The whole package of these transverse strips is taken as they move to the device according to Fig. 4 between two endless conveyor belts 56, 57 which run on rollers 58 respectively. 59, and over two rollers on the right at the turning point of the endless belts 56, 57 not shown in Fig. 4.

It must now be borne in mind that the strips have not been hardened. As they are compressed, they therefore have their full elastic return force with respect to the compression applied to them in the device according to Figure 2 by means of the belt 38, and thus tend to swell again. During this expansion, they are pressed horizontally against each other so that a desirable back pressure is obtained between them, which allows them to adhere well to each other as they pass through the curing device 33 without the need for glue and lining with paper, cloth or the like.

Generally, the friction between the second side liuskapaketin and on the other side of the belts 56, 57 might not be sufficient to transport liuskapaketin real yhdensuuntaisliikkeessä. Namely, the belts 56, 57 are primarily intended to provide a back pressure to the expansion pressure of the strips. Therefore, a plurality of two endless belts 611 and 62 are also arranged in the device according to Fig. 4 to pass over a horizontal roll 63 perpendicular to the conveying direction, corresponding to the roll 31 of Fig. 1, and yet another pivot roll not shown in Fig. 4. as it is located on the right side of the image surface, but is shown at 32 in Figure 1. Between and on both sides of the belts 61, smooth table tracks 64, 65 can be arranged, along which the package of transversely laminated strips travels on its way to the curing oven 33 ·

The package thus emerges from the curing oven 33, bound by the fountain 14, Fig. 1, due to the curing of the sprayed plastic solution, namely on the one hand the individual fibers of the mineral wool mat are bound together,

The device has been described above as if the sawing of the mineral roll mat, Fig. 2, took place in the longitudinal direction of the mat, and thus in this embodiment of the invention the strips run longitudinally through the entire machinery, figuratively speaking, so that their length is actually limited only by interruptions. to stop for cleaning, maintenance or other work breaks. This is, of course, a great advantage, since it is then possible to cut the mineral wool mat into pieces 36 of the desired length by means of a cutting device which is not part of the present invention but which is shown in Fig. 1 at point 35. Moreover, in this special case there is of course a side cutting device for cutting the mineral wool mat. possibly slightly uneven edges. However, the invention is of course not limited to this embodiment, although it has considerable advantages. Thus, in cases where it is considered more advantageous for some reason, the saws A3, Fig. 2, can be made to operate in the transverse direction of the mat or on its behalf in any suitable direction, in which case only the resulting strips are suitably transported away. from the sawing device for subsequent processing in the manner described above in connection with the embodiment according to the drawing.

It is obvious that the invention is not limited to the production of flat transversely laminated mineral wool formations which are not lined. The manufacturing method according to the above in itself offers such great advantages that it is well suited for application even when it is desired to cover the mineral wool mat with a suitable material known per se, e.g. kraft paper. A particularly preferred material is a fiberglass fabric which is non-combustible but has a higher tensile strength in all directions than paper. The formed mineral wool mat can, of course, also be attached to some other substrate, e.g. plywood, fibreboard or the like.

The strength of the bond formed between the strips depends, as will be apparent from the above, on a number of different factors. Provided that the concentration of the plastic solution used and the chemical composition of the plastic are appropriately selected, the strength is of course affected by the amount of plastic solution sprayed, but has been shown to depend particularly strongly on the elastic force with which the strips rest against each other. This 9 58453 elastic force may in turn depend on the degree of compression in the device of Figure 2. In practical experiments, it has been found that essentially 50% compression, i.e. a compression such that the thickness of the mat is reduced by half from the original is perfectly sufficient, that a lower compression may, under certain conditions, cause a poor bond, and that a much stronger compression is practically irrelevant to the strength of the bond. In contrast, other advantageous properties can be obtained in the manufactured product by stronger compression.

The strength of the transverse laminated mineral wool produced can be further improved by feeding a reinforcing or reinforcing layer under and / or over the mineral wool before cutting into strips, which of course preferably has a non-combustible material and can be made of glass-nonwoven fabric. This layer or these layers are then cut when the carpet is cut into strips and follow the mineral wool strips so that they settle vertically on the joint surfaces between the strips, where they act as excellent reinforcements in the finished product. For certain special purposes, it is customary to provide a mineral wool mat, even a mineral wool mat in which the mineral wool is transverse, with a surface layer. In the present case, too, such a surface layer can be added after the strips have been joined together into a transverse mineral wool mat. The surface layer can be attached to one or both sides of the carpet. The surface layer or surface layers may be mineral wool layers separated from the original web before it is divided into strips. Of course, it is also possible to deposit a surface layer on the mineral wool web both before it is divided into strips and after the strips have been joined together.

Figure U shows an example of this by importing the surface layer 67 over the roll 63. · This thin layer may be mineral wool previously separated from the same mineral wool web 22 or another mineral wool web, but may also be paper, fiberglass, fibreboard or other suitable product. Not only below or on top of the resulting formation, such a surface layer can also be fitted on both sides of the formation, if desired. As the mat passes through the curing oven 33, this or these layers adhere to the resulting laminated product.

Claims (14)

A method of making mats or sheets (34, 36) from transverse mineral wool, starting from spun and at least impregnated impregnated mineral wool (20), in which the formed mat is divided into strips and their direction is changed by turning so that they are parallel to each other rotated at least substantially 90 ° about their longitudinal axis and so that their intersecting planes are in the same plane, after which they are arranged tightly parallel to each other in such a direction that they have to be side to side, characterized in that before dividing into a strip (44) and before fixing curing, the mat is compressed with such a compressive force that, after the change of direction, the strips (44) are compressed against each other by this compression, and that the strips (44), in their new orientation, are introduced into the adhesive curing device, uu to act simultaneously as a binder between both the individual fibers and the strips, and that the mat (22) is kept in the compression direction in such a way that the compression remains constant, possibly matching the surface layer after turning and assembling the strips. on one or both sides of the resulting carpet, A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mat (22) is divided into strips (44) parallel to the original longitudinal direction of the mat (22). Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a surface layer is arranged under and / or on the mat (22) before it is divided into strips (44) so that it is saturated with a binder. Method according to Claim 3, characterized in that the surface layer is a non-combustible material, e.g. a fiberglass fabric. Method according to Claim 3 or 4, characterized in that a layer of mineral wool separated from the original mineral wool web is used as the superimposed surface layer before it is divided into strips. Method according to Claim 1, 4 or 5, characterized in that the surface layer (26) is arranged after the mineral wool (22) has been divided into strips and turned but before they have hardened. n 58453 Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mat (22) is compressed substantially half or less than its original thickness (20) or even thinner. Apparatus for using a method according to any one of the preceding claims for the production of carpets or sheets, in which the mineral wool is transverse, spun and at least impregnated impregnated, continuous wool mineral wool, the device comprising means for introducing the carpet (22) undivided into strips (44) a belt running as a mineral wool web (22) to a device (23) in which the mineral wool mat (22) is divided into strips (44), a turning device (24-29) for turning the formed strips (44) about at least substantially 90 ° about its longitudinal axis, the device (56, 57) (44) facing each other, characterized by a compression device (21) for compressing the mat to a smaller thickness (22) and in that an impregnating agent curing device (33) is arranged downstream of the strip assembling device, wherein the impregnating agent is only cured, and further comprising means for applying compression carpet correspondingly strip in such a direction that the compression is not canceled, which members act at least from the compression point (21) to the impregnating agent curing point (33). Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the paired cooperating conveyor belts (53, 54) are adapted to capture each strip (44) from the distributor (23) and rotate them by at least substantially 90 ° to move the strips (44) to mutually parallel positions close to each other. Device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the package of mutually parallel strips (44) is arranged to be trapped between two running straps (56, 57) arranged at the edges to rest against the package to maintain compression in the transverse direction of the package in its plane. 10 58453 Pa t en 11 i vaa t imuk s et Device according to Claim 10, characterized in that the conveyor belts are endless belts (56, 57). Device according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the second belts (61, 62) are arranged to support a package of strips (44), preferably as endless belts which change their direction of travel on horizontal rollers (63, 32). Device according to Claim 12, characterized in that smooth sliding tables (64, 65) are arranged between the latter belts (61, 62) · 12 5845 3 Device according to one of Claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the conveyor belts (56, 57 »61, 62) of a package of strips (44) are adapted to convey this package to a curing device in the form of a curing oven (33) for curing the impregnating agent. .