HRP921305A2 - Isolating plate to be driven into masonry walls and process and apparatus for its manufacture - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an insulating board for insertion into walls, as well as to a method and device for making such an insulating board.

The drying of damp walls is a problem that has been occurring for a very long time, and which, despite numerous and partially very different applied materials, has still not been really satisfactorily solved. The procedures used today for this purpose can essentially be divided into three groups: firstly, chemical procedures, in which liquid insulating materials are injected into the walls, where it binds and thus prevent the upward movement of the liquid, secondly, electrical procedures in which the walls should be dried by means of electro-osmosis, and thirdly, mechanical procedures, in which corrosion-resistant insulating tapes are applied to stop the movement of moisture in several areas of the walls.

While the first two of the mentioned groups did not give a satisfactory result, and for various reasons that are not of special interest here, the third group, on the one hand, showed 100% success with most of the layered walls, because the mechanical interruption, or closure, of the capillaries that moisture transfers and several areas of the walls work unconditionally and reliably, but on the other hand, some known problems and related limitations with different special wall structures, which make it difficult or prevent the insertion of insulation boards into the walls, must be overcome.

Especially with known insulation boards that are inserted into walls, such as, for example, the board known from AT-PS 335.689, problems of the last mentioned type can occur if, for example, there is sand in the plaster in the joints where the insulation boards are to be inserted , is too small, so when pressing the insulation board, the individual sand grains stick together even tighter and a high resistance occurs. Further penetration of the front edge of the insulation strip, when inserted facing the wall, will be very difficult, because individual grains of sand in the area of that front edge can only be pushed further and then laterally compacted, that is, separated. Similar problems occur with joints filled with plaster, where the addition of binder (eg cement) in the mortar is too hard and too dense, so that the grains of sand in the plaster stick even closer to each other.

Problems of this type can be encountered when inserting these insulating plates and, for example, when the ratio of the thickness of the plate being inserted is too small, because then the degree of compression for that joint is too high.

In addition to these difficulties, especially with larger wall thicknesses, there is increased friction on the already pressed surfaces of the insulation board, which in the worst case can lead to interruption of insertion, because due to the limited thickness of the insulation board, the impact force of a hammer, or similar, acting on the insulation board does not can increase arbitrarily without bending the insulation board.

The task of the presented invention is to improve one insulating panel of the mentioned type in such a way that the mentioned disadvantages of known insulating panels no longer occur and that even with the mentioned unfavorable wall structures, i.e. joints, it is possible to create insulating walls in a simple way in the mentioned simple way. It is also necessary to realize a simple and inexpensive process for the production of such an improved insulating board, as well as a device for its production.

With one panel for insertion into walls, that task, according to the invention, is solved by making the front edge of the insulation panel, facing the wall during insertion, in the form of a wedge. In this way, for further penetration of the area of the front edge of the insulation board, the separation or pushing of the constituent parts of the wall at the level of this front edge, that is, the separation of the grains of sand in the plaster, i.e. other components of the plaster consisting of solid particles, and when inserting the insulation board into the joint filled with plaster in the wall be significantly improved, that is, made easier, so that the insertion can be carried out by acting on the insulation board with a significantly lower force, since less force must be used for insertion, the thickness of the insulation board can, on the other hand, be reduced, and when inserting it, you should not be afraid of its distortion. By reducing the thickness of the insulation board, its front edge, and thus the area of the material that is pushed or compressed by it, will be narrower, so that those walls that could not be rehabilitated with existing insulation boards for insertion can also be treated.

According to one particularly suitable embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the wedge-shaped profile of the front edge area is essentially symmetrical in relation to an imaginary axis of symmetry in a section in a plane placed in the direction of pressing perpendicular to the surface of the insulation board. This ensures that the pressure, or compression, exerted by the area of the front edge of the insulation board on the joint plaster, i.e. on the surrounding components of the wall when the insulation board is inserted, as a result of which the resistant images of the plaster, i.e. the wall, act symmetrically on both sides of the insulation board, due to of which the resistance forces of the plaster or the wall act symmetrically on the insulation board, i.e. its front edge so that they do not bend or deform it.

In another embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the tip of the wedge is notched, i.e. rounded, which compared to a mostly flat tip, which in some other cases can be quite good, has the advantage that small stones and the like cannot cause uncontrolled, asymmetrical deformations of the leading edge, with all the accidents connected with it.

In another embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the tip of the wedge is notched, i.e. rounded, which compared to a mostly flat tip, which for some other cases can be quite good, has the advantage that small stones and the like cannot cause uncontrolled, asymmetrical deformations of the leading edge, with all the accidents connected with it.

According to another embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the wedge-shaped profile in its rear part opposite the top is wider than the thickness of the rest of the insulation board. This significantly reduces the friction between the surface of the insulation board behind the front edge and the surrounding compacted mortar, i.e. the walls, because the channel for insertion is expanded in relation to the thickness of the insulation board thanks to the wedge-shaped profile in the shape of an arrow.

In this connection, another embodiment of the invention is particularly suitable, according to which one tooth is provided in the last part of the wedge profile to the adjacent area of the insulating plate. This tooth improves friction reduction.

In another embodiment of the invention, the wedge profile can be essentially triangular, which is convenient for production, and ensures uniform pushing, or compression of plaster, or walls in the area of the front edge of the insulation board that is inserted.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the wedge profile can have essentially convex or concave side edges, which, depending on the case of application, i.e. the consistency of the joint filled with plaster, etc., enables adjustment to obtain optimal properties for insertion.

According to the following embodiment of the invention, the wedge-shaped part of the front edge of the insulating panel, as well as the entire panel, can be profiled transversely to the direction of insertion, preferably in the form of a wave, which increases the transverse stability of the front edge area and the entire panel. The wavy design of the insulation board is otherwise known from the aforementioned Austrian patent AT-PS 335,689.

In the process according to the invention for the production of an insulating board that is inserted into the wall, it is intended that the front edge of the insulating board, which faces the wall during insertion, will be made in the form of a wedge, which achieves the previously described advantages in connection with the insulating board in terms of inserting the board , that is, in terms of moving and compacting the material by the front edge of the board being inserted.

For the production of an insulating panel from a metal material, especially from non-corroding steel, according to one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the area of the front edge is shaped by grinding, forging or rolling into a wedge profile. Forging or rolling can improve the mechanical properties of the front edge that is inserted, because it undergoes cold processing.

When forming a wedge-shaped profile, according to one of the profiles, it can be wider in the rear part, opposite to the top, than the cross-section of the unshaped insulation board, which results in a wedge-shaped profile made in the shape of an arrow in the area where the rest of the board is connected, which gives forward already described advantages in terms of reducing friction when inserting the insulation board.

According to one particularly convenient embodiment of the process according to the invention, the insulating panel can be profiled transversely to the direction of insertion, preferably in the form of waves, by means of the wedge-shaped front edge. By making waves after shaping the front edge in the shape of a wedge, it is ensured that the shaping of the front edge in the shape of a wedge, it is ensured that the wedge profile of the front edge remains symmetrical in relation to an imaginary axis of symmetry in the section, which is in a plane perpendicular to the surface of the insulation plates placed in the direction of plate insertion, which achieves the mentioned advantages.

The device according to the invention for the production of an insulating board for insertion into walls is indicated by a device for shaping by moving in relation to the front edge of the insulation board, facing the wall during insertion, which shapes the area of that front edge in the form of a wedge, which enables fast, suitable for mass production shaping the area of the front edge in the manner described.

The shaping device can, according to one embodiment of the invention, have at least two grinding plates, placed opposite and symmetrically crossed in relation to the processed front edge, the direction of rotation of which is chosen so that the grinding shavings produced on the top of the wedge profile during its grinding, expand it in its the last part, opposite to the top, in relation to the cross-section of the unformed insulation board. With this, in one continuous work operation, the wedge-shaped profile of the front edge of the insulation board is made in the shape of an arrow.

The shaping device may, according to another embodiment of the invention, have at least one forging device with a profile tool for making a wedge profile. It is irrelevant whether the profiled tool makes both sides of the wedge profile in one pass, or whether the wedge profile is processed with different tools in one or more working passes, and each of the sides separately.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the forming device can have at least one profiled roller for the production of a wedge-shaped profile, where again within the scope of the invention it is irrelevant how many individual working strokes the final profiling of the area of the front edge of the insulation board is carried out.

According to one suitable embodiment of the invention, support rollers can be placed on both sides in the area of operation of the shaping device tool for lateral support of the insulation board, thereby excluding unwanted deformation of the entire insulation board when processing the front edge area.

In another embodiment of the device according to the invention, viewed in the direction of processing, of the device for shaping the area of the front edge of the insulation board, a profiling device, preferably a device for creating waves, is installed for transverse profiling of the entire insulation board. In this way, the mass production of the insulating board can be realized by working operations that follow each other. Wavy processing of the area of the front edge, i.e. profiling of the entire insulation board, ensures a symmetrical execution of the wedge profile on the front edge, the end product, which will thus have the advantages mentioned above.

The invention will be explained in more detail through examples of implementation shown schematically in the attached drawings. Figures 1 to 5 show partial cross-sections of insulation boards made according to the invention, and in the area of the front edges, when inserted facing the wall, in different versions, figure 6 shows a detail of a device according to the invention for making insulation boards, according to, for example, figure 4 or 5, figure 7 shows a detail of another device according to the invention for making an insulating board, for example, figure 5, schematically in an oblique projection, figure 8 shows the device for figures 7 seen perpendicular to the surface of the processed insulating board, figure 9 shows a device with Figs. 7 and 8 viewed in the direction of arrow IX in Fig. 8, Fig. 10 shows a view, similar to that of Fig. 8, of another apparatus for making an insulating board according to Figs. 1 to 5, and Fig. 11 shows a view in the direction of arrow XI in Fig. 10 .

Insulating boards 1, in pictures 1 to 5, as well as in pictures 6 to 11, shown disproportionately thick, are used for insertion into walls that are drying or similar, whereby the capillaries in the walls are interrupted by the insulating board 1, which stops the transfer of moisture . Usually, in practical implementations, the thickness of the insulating panels is in the range of about 1.0 to 1.5 mm, whereby today materials such as non-corroding steel or the like are used. In order to facilitate, or simplify, in the area 2 of the front edge 3, when inserting facing the wall not shown, the movement or compaction of the material that needs to be removed from the slot for insertion, in all the versions shown, area 2 is shaped like a wedge when inserting the insulation board. , whereby the wedge-shaped profile 4 is essentially symmetrical in relation to an imaginary axis 5 of symmetry (see Figure 5) of a section in the plane placed in the direction of insertion and perpendicular to the surface of the insulating board 1.

The wedge profile according to Figure 1 is essentially triangular, which is, on the one hand, easy to manufacture, while on the other hand, when inserting, it provides equal force ratios during the movement or compression of the surrounding plaster, i.e. the wall, along the entire length of the wedge profile 4.

According to Figure 2, a triangular, wedge-shaped profile has a welded top, whereby the thus obtained surface 6 prevents uncontrolled deformation, which should be avoided under the given conditions at the pointed front edge, which is suitable when there are larger and harder ingredients in the plaster or in the walls in the slot for inserting the board.

According to Figure 3, the wedge-shaped profile 4 has essentially concave side surfaces 7, whereby the wedge-shaped profile 4 is additionally rounded on the front edge 3.

The wedge-shaped profile 4 according to Figure 4 has the same essence of the concave side 7, and in the rear part, opposite to the top, i.e. the front edge 3, it is wider than the thickness 8 of the rest of the insulation board 1. Due to this arrow-shaped construction, there will be a slot for insertion, i.e. the channel for insertion in the wall, i.e. in the joint filled with plaster, by penetrating the area 2 of the front edge is more widened than would be necessary for the basic thickness 8 of the insulation board 1, which leads to a reduction of friction on the surface of the board during its insertion.

In the case of the wedge-shaped profile 4 according to Figure 5, in its rear part, one column 9 is provided to the connection area of the insulation board 1, which further enhances, in connection with the separation from Figure 4, the friction reduction action described for various wall materials, i.e. joints.

The cross-sectional shapes shown should only be considered as examples, especially since the execution of the wedge-shaped profile 4 in the form of arrows, in figures 4 and 5, for the sake of simplification of the presentation, i.e. for greater transparency, is shown very disproportionately. In addition, in addition to the shown forms of the wedge profile, other forms can also be applied, as long as the specified effect of improving the pushing of the material, i.e. its compaction in the area of the pressed front edge 3 is ensured. The wedge-shaped area 2 of the front edge 3 of the insulation board can also be, which is not shown here, as well as the entire insulation board 1, profiled transverse to the pressing direction, for example to be corrugated, which increases the rigidity of the insulation board as a whole, and especially the area 2 of the front edge 3.

In the device shown in Figure 6, a shaping device 10 is provided, movable in relation to the front edge 3 of the insulating strip 1, which forms a wedge-shaped area 1 on this front edge 3, whereby the shaping device 10 has two grinding plates 12, towards each other and placed crosswise in relation to the determined front edge 3, with drive devices 12 and devices for maintenance and guidance that are not shown, and whose direction of rotation (represented by arrow 13) is chosen so that the grinding filings that occur during drilling of the top of the wedge-shaped profile 4, expand the last area placed opposite it in relation to the cross-section of the unshaped insulating strip 1. In this way, when sanding, a wedge-shaped profile 4 in the shape of an arrow is automatically obtained, as shown, for example, in Figure 4 or 5.

Otherwise, the devices for holding and guiding the insulation board 1 are not shown in Figure 6, i.e., possibly installed devices for making waves, for subsequent shaping of waves in the transverse direction on the insulation board 1.

In addition to these crossed grinding plates 11, the appropriate configuration of the wedge profile on the front edge 3 of the insulating plate 1 can certainly be realized only with one or more appropriately arranged grinding plates.

According to Figures 7 to 9, the device 10 for wedge shaping of the area 2 of the front edge 3 of the insulation board and has at least one hammer 15 for forging, with a profiled tool 16 for making a wedge profile 4. In the area of operation of the profiled tool 16, the shaping device 10, in order to prevent bending of the plate 1, support rollers 17 are provided on both sides for the lateral support of the insulating plate 1, which are installed in the bearings 18 and can be moved, if necessary, in a way that is not shown here. In particular, it can be seen in Figure 9 that with larger diameters of the support rollers 17, they can be extended up to below the upper edge of the profiled tool 16, in order to enable reliable lateral support in this critical area, when processing the insulation board. Figure 9 also shows the guide 19, shaped like a rail, for the lower edge of the insulating plate 1, which supports the plate in relation to the action of the forging hammer 15 and reliably prevents deformation of the associated edge.

In addition to the illustrated embodiment with a single profiled tool 16, the area 2 of the front edge can be finally shaped by successive working operations using differently designed profiled tools. It is irrelevant whether the forging hammer 15 with the profiled tool 16 moves together with the support rollers in relation to the stationary insulating plate during continuous processing, or is moved by the profiled tool 1 in a way that is not shown here.

With the method of forming, according to Figures 7 to 9, the area 2 of the front edge 3 into the wedge profile 14, it is convenient that in all cases the material is strengthened due to cold processing, which gives favorable properties for the application of an insulating board for insertion into a wall or the like .

According to Figures 10 and 11, there is a device 10 for shaping two profiled rollers 20 and 21 with a drive for making a wedge profile 4, which, as indicated by the dashed line 22 in the upper part of Figure 10, is gradually formed into the end wedge profile 4, whereby the insulating plate 1 moves in the direction of arrow 23. Here, too, support rollers 17 are provided on both sides of the insulation board 1, which prevent lateral bending.

Between these two profiled rollers 20, 21, in Figure 10, another transfer roller 24 is shown, which, like the lower transfer rollers 25, serves to transfer and support the insulation board 1. The lower transfer rollers 25 are located on the outside of the profiled rollers 21 , 22 have a relatively large diameter, in order to ensure that the shaping effected by the rolling force takes place only in the region of the front edge 3 of the insulating plate 1, intended for shaping. In addition to the individual transfer rollers 24, 25, a transport chain can certainly be provided for the same purpose, which contributes to preventing unwanted deformation of the insulating plate 1.

Claims (14)

1. Insulating board for pressing in plaster-filled spaces /joints/, is characterized by the fact that during pressing, the area (2) of the front edge (3) facing the wall, of the insulating board (1) itself, is wedge-shaped. 2. The insulating board according to claim 1 is characterized by the fact that the wedge-shaped profile (4) of the area (2) of the front edge (3) is essentially symmetrical to the imaginary middle line (5) of a vertically laid section in the direction of pressing. 3. The insulating board according to claim 1 or 2 is indicated by the fact that the top of the wedge profile (4) is broken or rounded. 4. The insulating board according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by the fact that the wedge-shaped profile (4) in the rear part, which lies opposite the top, is wider than the thickness (8) of the rest of the insulating board (1). 5. According to claim 4, the insulating board is characterized by the fact that a step (9) is provided in the rear part of the wedge profile (4) for the connection area of the insulating board (1). 6. The insulating board is according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact that the profile of the wedge (4) is substantially triangular. 7. The insulating board is according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact that the wedge-shaped profile (4) essentially has convex side edges (7). 8. Insulation board according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the wedge-shaped profile (4) essentially shows concave side edges (7). 9. The insulating board according to one of the claims 1 to 8, characterized by the fact that the wedge-shaped area (2) on the front edge (3) of the insulating board (1), just like the entire board (1), is shaped transversely to the pressing direction profiled, primarily wavy. 10. A process for the production of an insulating panel according to claim 1, wherein the insulating panel is made of metallic material, especially stainless steel, and wherein the area of the front edge is shaped into a wedge profile by grinding, hammering or rolling. 11. The method according to claim 10 characterized by the fact that when forming the wedge profile (4), it is made wider in the part opposite the tip than the section of the undeformed insulation board (1). 12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the insulating plate (1) is profiled, preferably wavy, after the wedge-shaped shaping of the front edge (3) transverse to the pressing direction. 13. The method according to claim 10 or 11, indicated by the fact that for the wedge shaping of the front edge (3) with the help of rollers, a movable reshaping arrangement (10) is obtained relative to the front edge, one is used perpendicular to the front edge (3) and in the plane of the insulation board ( 1) press the profile roller (20, 21) for the wedge profile to be made. 14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the insulating plate (1) in the area of action of the profile rollers (20, 21) of the reshaping arrangement (10) is supported laterally by means of support rollers (17) on both sides.