GB701963A - Improvements relating to fluid pressure distributing apparatus and applications thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

701,963. Distributing valves. OWENS, J. I., BRAMMER, W. W., and DANIEL, D. J. Jan. 26, 1950 [Jan: 26, 1949], No. 2200/49. Class 122 (2). [Also in Groups XXVII and XXIX] A fluid pressure distributing apparatus comprises a distributing member rotatable in a casing and embodying a peripheral pressure chamber and a peripheral exhaust chamber both of elongated form extending lengthwise in each of a pair of planes lying normal to the axis of rotation of the member the chambers in each plane of the pair being co-operative during rotation of the member with a respective series of orifices or ports disposed around the casing in such plane and the length of the pressure chamber in each plane of the pair, being substantially equal to the length of the exhaust chamber in the other plane of the pair. Liquid under pressure from a pump enters at 3 and is distributed by a rotary distributing member 1, 5, 6 an exploded perspective view of which is shown in Fig. 4. The rotary member comprises pressure spaces 8, 9 which are fed from the pump and exhaust spaces 7, 10 which are connected to an exhaust chamber 170 through parts 15 and bores 16. As the distributing member is rotated the pressure and exhaust spaces alternately pass two series of orifices, one of each of which is seen in the Figure. As shown cylinders 19 and pistons 20 are located adjacent the orifices and the cylinders are alternately placed under pressure and exhausted. When one cylinder is under pressure the other is exhausted and vice versa. The consequent movement of the pistons 20 is transmitted by captive fluid columns contained in conduits 24, 25 to motive power devices comprising pistons 23, one only of which is shown. In a modification, however, the pistons 20 and cylinders 19 are dispensed with the pressure passing direct to the operating pistons 23. Grooves can be provided in the walls of portion 1, 5 and 6 of the distributing member to allow for varied angular relationship of the pressure spaces. Bleed passages 27 controlled by non- return valves 28 are incorporated in the pistons 20 in order to provide for replenishing leakage from the conduits 24, 25. Figs 6 and 7 show a modification in which a rotor 1, 5, 6 comprises pressure passages 36 which distribute the liquid under pressure and exhaust passages 38. The passages 36, 38 and parts 37. 39, 40 are capable of being made by simple boring operations. The relative proportions of the pressure and exhaust spaces may be varied to suit the purpose for which the apparatus is designed and to vary the dwell between the forward and return strokes. As shown there are pressure spaces on both sides of a a central portion 1 of the distributing member and these may ,be set in any desired relation to one another. In a modification the pressure and exhaust spaces in portion 5, 6 of the distributing member may be duplicated or multiplied so that there will be two or more pulsations of the remote operating pistons 23 per revolution of the distributing member. Any number of reinote operating points may be employed. The stroke of the pistons 20 may be adjustable and the adjustment means could be arranged to provide micrometer exactness of the stroke,. In fuel injection systems the distributor could be used to supply the fuel itself the pistons being dispensed with. Control of the fuel feed could be effected by using the distributing apparatus as a pneumatic or hydraulic cam shaft controlling the fuel feed from the remote operating means and or at the orifices of the casing. The invention can be applied to fuel injection systems for diesel engines. The apparatus may be readily modified for pneumatic operation.