GB598248A - Carbonization plant for low temperature carbonization of solid fuels - Google Patents

Abstract

598,248. Retorts for low temperature carbonization. SOC. ANON. LOUVROIL-MONTBARDAULNOYE. March 21, 1945, Nos. 7108 and 7109. Convention dates, April 13, 1942, and April 28, 1942. [Class 55 (i)] [Also in Group XIII] A retort B for the low temperature carbonization of predried coal, lignite, bituminous or oleaginous schists comprises outer and inner vertical tubes 1, 2, between which the fuel descends to a conical base forming an expansion chamber 9 for the distillates and through an extractor 38 to a furnace C in which it is burnt, the outer tubes being surrounded by a chamber 6 in the form of a helical flue heated by combustion gases from furnace C, a furnace 42 and optionally one or more auxiliary furnaces 47. The inner tube which is suspended from a toothed crown wheel 14 slowly rotating on a conical track encloses manifolds 7 for evacuation of gas and oil vapours entering through vents 8 in the tube; a helix 10 projecting into the annular space shields the vents and tends to impart an upward movement to the fuel. Other orifices 18 quincuncially arranged relative to the vents and similarly protected by a helix provide for a flow through the fuel of superheated steam which is supplied to the inter:or of the tube or to separate sections of it from superheaters 50, 52. The distillates are drawn off from a fixed end piece 30 or through a series of louvres forming with expansion chamber 9 an initial separator for dust into a heat insulated separator 33 and thence to condensing apparatus D. The combustion products are drawn from the retort by a fan 40 to a direct-contact drier A, (see Group XIII), the outflow valve 59 of which is operated in synchronism with that of the retort. Modifications in the flow of the heating gases, e.g., in the case of very damp fuels, comprise the passage of all or part of the gases from furnace C over a steam superheater and direct to the drier, the combustion products from furnaces 42, 47 being discharged after passing through the helical flue and over a boiler supplying the superheater. Another system supplies the drier with gases from four sources, furnace C, the retort flue, an additional combustion chamber, and a separate boiler furnace.