GB574454A - Copolymers of trichloroethylene - Google Patents

Abstract

Trichlorethylene and an organic compound having an ethylenic double bond conjugated with a multiple bond between carbon and carbon, nitrogen or oxygen are co - poly - merized, the proportion of trichloroethylene being such that the copolymer does not contain more than 25 per cent of trichloroethylene. Organic compounds specified are methyl-, ethyl-, butyl-, octyl-, octadecyl-, cyclohexyl-, phenyl-, and b -chloroethylacrylates, methacrylates and a -chloroacrylates, styrene, vinylnaphthalene, methyl vinyl ketone, methyl isopropenyl ketone, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, butadiene, chloroprene and isoprene. Polymerization may be carried out in aqueous emulsion. Suitable emulsifying agents are sodium, potassium and ammonium palmitates, mono-, di- or triethanolamine laurates and palmitates, lauryl and octadecyltrimethyl-ammonium bromide, sodium dodecylsulphate, cetysulphate, octadecenylsulphate and acetoxyoctadecyl-sulphate, sodium, potassium, ammonium or amine salts of alkyl-naphthalene sulphonic acids, cetyl sulphonic acid and a -acetoxyoctadecane sulphonic acids, the sodium salt of sulphonated paraffin oil, C-cetylbetaine and hydroxy-C-cetylbetaine. Suitable catalysts are hydrogen peroxide, alkali and ammonium perborates, persulphates, peracetates, perchlorates, peracetic acid and persulphuric acid, acetyl-benzoyl-, benzoyl-, dibutyryl-, lauroyl-succinyl-, urea and decahydronaphthalene peroxides. Residual monomer is removed by steam distillation and the polymer precipitated by addition of a solution of aluminium sulphate, calcium chloride, sodium chloride, sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid or hydrochloric acid. Polymerization may also be effected by "bulk" methods, in solution in aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic alcohols, ketones, esters, dioxan, ethers, saturated chlorinated hydrocarbons, or by granular methods using protective colloids such as soluble starch, methyl starch, partially hydrolysed polyvinyl acetate, alkali salts of polymers or interpolymers of acrylic or methacrylic acids, polymethacrylamide, sodium starch glycollate and sodium cellulose glycollate. Thermal decomposition of the co-polymers may be minimised by the addition of stabilizers such as epichlorohydrin, 1-phenoxy-2,3-ethoxy propane or thio-b -naphthol. The co-polymers may be combined with or prepared in the presence of plasticizers, fillers, pigments, dyes, natural or synthetic resins. They may be used for coating or impregnating wood, textiles, leather, metal, glass, paper, stone, brick, concrete and plaster. Dispersions used for this purpose may be thickened by the addition of polyvinyl alcohol or sodium polyacrylate or methacrylate.