GB401712A - Improvements in waterproofing porous materials - Google Patents

Abstract

Aqueous media employed for waterproofing comprise (1) open chain or cyclo-aliphatic acids containing at least 8 carbon atoms (including sulphonic acids or sulphuric esters of aliphatic alcohols), or water-soluble ammonium, alkali, or amine salts of such compounds; (2) water-soluble salts of polyvalent metals, which react with the substances in (1), and (3) water-soluble protective colloids obtained by reacting water-insoluble or difficultly soluble organic compounds containing at least 6 carbon atoms and at least one reactive hydrogen atom with an ethylene halogen hydrin, ethylene oxide, polyglycerol or an epihalogen hydrin. The polyvalent metals may be aluminium, copper, zinc, cadmium, calcium, barium, strontium and rare earth metals such as cerium, lanthanum or praseodymium in the form or formates, acetates, chlorides or sulphonates; reagents which react to form p such water-soluble salts, for example sodium aluminate and formic acid may be used. The water-soluble protective colloids correspond to the general formul R-Y-(-C2 H4-O-)x-H or R-Y-(-CH2-CH (OH)-CH2-O)x-H in which x is 2 or more, R is an organic radical containing at least 6 carbon atoms and Y is an oxygen atom or -NH- or -NR1- group in which R1 is an organic radical which may be the same as R. The following may also be added:--soap, ethylene oxide polymers, for example those described in Specification 346,550, [Group IV], aqueous dispersions of waxes such as carnauba, montan, paraffin or beeswax or of wax-like products, for example anhydrides of long chain fatty acids such as palmitic or stearic anhydrides, ethers of alcohols containing at least 12 carbon atoms such as di-octadecyl ether, drying oils such as linseed oil, starch, dextrin, glue, vegetable mucilages, cellulose esters, the reaction products of monochloracetic acid with alkali cellulose described in Specification 138,116, [Class 2 (ii), Cellulose &c.], and hydroxy-alkyl ethers of cellulose, as well as fatty acids, fatty acid esters such as glycerides, hydroxy fatty acid glycerides, fatty acid anhydrides, paraffin wax, alcohols containing at least 10 carbon atoms and their esters, ethers or corresponding amines.ALSO:Water-soluble protective colloids corresponding to the general formul R-Y-(-C2H4-O-)x-H or R-Y-(-CH2-CH (OH) -CH2-O)x-H in which x is 2 or an integral number above 2, R is an organic radical containing at least 6 carbon atoms and Y is an oxygen atom or -NH- or -NR1, group in which R1 is an organic radical which may be the same as R, are obtained by reacting water-insoluble or difficultly soluble organic compounds containing at least 6 carbon atoms and at least one reactive hydrogen atom with an ethylene halogen hydrin, ethylene oxide, polyglycerol or an epihalogen hydrin. The water-insoluble or difficultly soluble organic compounds containing at least 6 carbon atoms include fatty acids such as stearic, lauric, palmitic, oleic, linoleic, ricinoleic, montanic, naphthenic and abietic acids, mixtures of the fatty acids of oils e.g. coconut or palm kernel oils, fatty acids obtained by partial oxidation of paraffin wax by blowing with oxygen containing gases at about 160 DEG C.; the alkyl, hydroxyalkyl and hydroxyamino-alkyl esters of such acids for example the glyceryl esters contained in animal and vegetable oils such as olive, castor, soya bean, sperm and train oils, tallow and wool fat; their methyl, ethyl and butyl esters; their esters with long chain alcohols for example the stearic acid ester of stearyl alcohol or octadecyl alcohol; the amides of such acids or the amide prepared from the acids of coconut fat and mono-ethanolamine as described in Specification 337,737, [Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.]; the reaction products of long chain fatty acid chlorides with amino-carboxylic acids, for example from oleic or stearic chloride and glycocoll, sarcosine or protalbinic acid; alcohols containing at least 10 carbon atoms, for example olive or lauric alcohol or montanol; alkylamines containing at least 6 carbon atoms and their arylated derivatives, for example octadecylamine, oleylamine, hydroxyethyl-dodecyl-aniline, hydroxyethyl octadecyl aniline and octadecyl - a - naphthylamine; aromatic hydroxy compounds containing at least 10 carbon atoms, for example b -naphthol; aromatic amines, for example a - or b -naphthylamine; high molecular weight natural products such as casein, gelatine and glue; carbohydrates, for example starch and cellulose. Specifications 138,116, [Class 2 (ii), Cellulose &c.], and 346,550 also are referred to.ALSO:Glue or gelatine is treated with ethylene halogen hydrin, ethylene oxide, polyglycerol or an epihalogen hydrin.