GB2522787A

GB2522787A - Cartridge for small arms

Info

Publication number: GB2522787A
Application number: GB1501225.5A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Oleksandr Kalachev; Khalit Khabibullin; Roman Karpenko
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2014-01-31
Filing date: 2015-01-26
Publication date: 2015-08-05
Anticipated expiration: 2035-01-26
Also published as: GB201501225D0; WO2015116019A1; GB2522787B; UA109952C2

Abstract

A cartridge contains an encapsulated casing 1 with a powder charge 2 and bullet 3. The bullet 3 consists of a casing 4 and core 5 or assembly of core and jacket. There is a cavity 8 at a main or head part of the casing 4 along a longitudinal axis of symmetry of the bullet 3.

Description

CARTRIDGE FOR SMALL ARMS

The invention relates to ammunition, in particular to the design of small aims cartndges.

We know of cartridges for small aims in which the bullet is assembled from casing compnsing a lead jacket and core [Menshikov N.G. Catalogue. Design of cartridges for small arms and large-caliber automatic weapons (from 6.5 to 37 mm), Artillery ACADEMY OF THE RED ARMY named after DZERZHINSKY, awarded with the Order of Lenin, Order of Suvorov, Moscow, 1946, pp. 18-40].

Such cartridges perform well but have variable close grouping of shots.

This is explained by the fact that during the shot, when bullet is moving along the bore and flight path to the target the bullet undergoes a complex influence of a number of forces and various factors. The casing, being the most strained part of the bullet, within the properties of the material it is made of, begins to change its initial shape resulting in unpredictable deformation of the bullet relative to its symmetry axis, negatively affecting accuracy and close grouping of shots of weapons.

Impossibility of jacketed bullet to withstand such deformation during shot is the essential shortcoming in the design of classical cartridges.

We know of 5.45-mm cartridges in which the bullet consists of a bimetal jacket and lead core. The internal surface of the main part casing has a ring ledge limiting the motion of the lead core deep into casing while assembling and shooting. Minimum thickness of a wall at the ledge is about 0.3 mm to about 0.65 mm. Besides, the bullet possesses high construction and technical parameters, and the cartridge itself has good service performance [RU N22245508 C2, F42B12/34, 2004].

Deformation of casing appearing during shooting negatively affecting the close grouping of shots can be attributed to disadvantages of cartridge bullet.

The most close to the assigned invention is a cartridge containing encapsulated cartridge case with powder charge and bullet. The cartridge bullet consists of a casing and core and an even number of alternate longitudinal lugs and grooves. Longitudinal grooves and lugs are arranged along the casing perimeter. Lugs in the main part of the casing are made in a form of two and more steps. Each second lug in double-stepped versions and each second and third lug in three and more stepped versions are made short at a height of 0.2 to 1.5 times the caliber. It provides for the stable close grouping of shots [RU N2 2431111 Cl, F42B 5/02, F42B 30/02, 2006].

Unpredictable fractures of the bullet casing under the influence of centrifugal force during shot and the bullet flight towards the target can be attributed as the disadvantage of the said cartridge. It is explained by the fact that longitudinal grooves are concentrators for appearance of cracks on the casing body. Besides, due to heterogeneity of material used for casing wall, grooves cannot be made similarly in depth, which causes eccentricity of the casing and increases the bullet vibration. Thus, accurate target hitting by the bullet of such cartridge can be impossible.

The basic task of invention is to create a cartridge for small arms possessing guaranteed characteristics of accurate target hitting and close grouping of shots from any kind of weapon.

The assigned task shall be achieved, when, according to the invention, a cartridge for small arms, containing encapsulated cartridge case with powder charge and bullet, consisting of casing and core or assembled core and jacket, will have a cavity arranged along the longitudinal symmetry axis at the main or head part of casing wall.

Cavity in the casing wall can be shaped as cylinder, cone, truncated cone or sphere.

Cavity in the casing wall can have diameter from about 0.001 to about 0.5 times the bullet caliber and depth from about 0.001 to about 0.9 times the bullet caliber.

Execution of a cavity on the internal main or head part of the bullet casing, which is arranged along the longitudinal symmetry axis of the casing and created by thinning-down of the material at the main or head part of the bullet casing, provides for better centering of the lead core or assembling of the lead jacket and armour-piercing core during bullet assembling.

Execution of the cavity in the wall of the bullet casing shaped as cylinder, cone, truncated cone or sphere with diameter of between about 0.001 to about 0.5 times the bullet caliber and depth from about 0.001 to about 0.9 times the bullet caliber shall provide the bullet casing material with the required pliability during processing operations.

The invention is explained graphically.

Fig.1 -shows graphically the cartridge of small arms of rifle, submachine-gun, machine-gun classes where casing is made through extending the main part; Fig.2 -shows the cartridge of small arms of pistol and submachine-gun classes where casing is made through extending the main part; Fig.3 -shows the cartridge of small arms of rifle, submachine-gun, machine-gun classes where casing is made through extending the head part with cone streamlined shape; Fig.4 -shows the cartridge of small arms of rifle, submachine-gun, machine-gun classes where casing is made through extending the head part with improved cone streamlined shape; Fig.5 -shows the cartridge of small arms of pistol and submachine-gun classes where casing is made through extending the head part classically; Fig.6 -shows the cartridge of small arms of pistol and submachine-gun classes where casing is made through extending the head part with improved streamlined shape.

Cartridge of the small arms contains encapsulated cartridge case 1 with powder charge 2 and bullet 3. Bullet 3 consists of the casing 4 and core 5. Cavity 8 arranged along the the longitudinal symmetry axis X-X is arranged at the main 6 or head 7 part of the casing wall 4.

Cavity 8 at casing wall 4 of the bullet 3 can be made shaped as cylinder, cone, truncated cone or sphere with diameter (d) from about 0.001 to about 0.5 times the bullet caliber and depth (h) from about 0.001 to about 0.9 times the bullet 3 caliber.

The assigned cartridge of small arms operates as follows.

When shooting during the bullet's 3 motion along the barrel bore and at its flight towards the target negative affect of forces and various factors on the casing 4 of bullet 3, like in the prototype, shall be preserved, but availability of the cavity 8 at the main 6 or head 7 part of the casing wall 4 of the bullet 3 prevents its unsymmetrical deformation. Owing to this factor initial instantaneous axis of symmetry X-X of the bullet 3 shall be preserved, this provides for improved significance upon accuracy and close grouping of shots when shooting.

Technological cavity 8 in the wall of the casing 4 of bullet 3 shall be shaped by punch stamp of assigned profile which is moving along the assigned axis of symmetry X-X of the casing 4 of bullet 3.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A cartridge for small arms containing an encapsulating casing with powder charge and bullet comprising the casing and core or assembly of the core and jacket, in which a cavity is arranged along the longitudinal axis of symmetry at the main or head wall of the casing.
2. A cartridge according to claim 1, in which the cavity at the wall of the casing of the bullet takes the shape of a cylinder, cone, truncated cone or sphere.
3. A cartridge according to claim 1 and claim 2, in which the cavity at the wall of the casing of the bullet is executed with diameter of between 0.001 to 0.5 times the bullet caliber and depth of between 0.001 to 0.9 times the bullet caliber.
4. A munitions cartridge containing an encapsulating casing with powder charge and bullet wherein the wall of the shell of the bullet has a cavity arranged along the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the bullet.
5. A munitions cartridge according to claim 4 wherein the cavity is a cylinder, cone, truncated cone or sphere.
6. A munitions cartridge according to claims 4 or 5 wherein the cavity has a diameter of from 0.001 to 0.5 times the bullet caliber and a depth of from 0.001 to 0.9 times the bullet caliber.Amendments to the claims have been made as follows:CLAIMS1. A cartridge for small arms containing an encapsulated case with powder charge and bullet comprising the casing and core arranged along the bullet longitudinal axis of symmetry, wherein a cavity is provided for along the longitudinal axis of symmetry at the main or head wall of the bullet casing.2. A cartridge according to claim 1, wherein the cavity at the wall of the casing of the bullet takes the shape of a cylinder, cone, truncated cone or sphere.3. A cartridge according to claims 1 or 2, wherein the cavity at the wall of the casing of the bullet is executed with diameter of between 0.001 to 0.5 times the bullet caliber and depth from 0.001 to 0.9 times the bullet caliber. * .*is 4. A cartridge for small arms comprising an encapsulating casing and a bullet, the bullet comprising a bullet casing having a longitudinal axis of symmetry and a bullet core, in which the : ** bullet casing has a cavity arranged along the longitudinal axis of symmetry. S.. *5 * **