RU2357198C1 - Artillery shell - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons.

SUBSTANCE: invention concerns ammunition. Shell band is made of two rings positioned in groove in sequence, so that one ring is rigidly connected to front groove wall and features annular cavity at inner surface, open towards rear groove wall. Second ring is multi-diametre in cross-section, with lug in front end at internal surface side, is cut along cross-section and positioned at rear groove wall side over a gap. Second ring lug is positioned in annular cavity, radial gap is formed between external lug surface and internal surface of annular cavity, and radial slots and annular shelf are made at rear end of second ring at internal surface side to form cavity open at bottom side of shell. External ring diametres are less than external shell diametre.

EFFECT: enhanced reliability of obturation.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to defense equipment, and more particularly to artillery shells.

In traditional artillery shells intended for loading from the muzzle of the gun’s barrel, this is especially true for smooth-bore mortars to provide an obturation of propellant propellant gases during firing, annular grooves are formed on the shell of the shell, forming a labyrinth seal.

To ensure free loading, elimination of compression when loading from the muzzle of the gun’s barrel, the outer surface of the shell of the projectile is performed with a guaranteed gap along the entire contour of the inner surface of the channel of the gun’s barrel. The presence of the specified gap does not allow for reliable obturation of the powder gases of the propellant charge.

In the famous artillery shell according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2224212, class. F42B 14/02, dated February 20, 2004 [1], selected for the prototype, the problem of the obturation of powder gases of a propellant charge is solved by performing a lead belt in the form of a ring mounted in a recess on the shell of the projectile with a gap in the radial and axial directions. The pressure of the powder gases of the propellant charge acts on the inner surface of the lead belt, made in the form of a ring elastically deformable in the radial direction, and mounted in the recess on the shell of the projectile due to the presence of radial and axial clearance, which provides free flow of the powder gas from the projectile space, as a result of which the belt is unclenched.

This technical solution allows to reduce the gaps between the belt and the channel of the gun barrel and the flow of powder gases through the belt.

However, this performance of the leading belt does not solve the problem of increasing the reliability of the obturation when firing a projectile from the gun barrels in full, especially for implementation in artillery shells fired from smoothbore guns.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to increase the reliability of the obturation of artillery shells intended for firing from guns charged from the muzzle of its barrel.

To do this, in an artillery shell containing a housing, a leading belt installed in a recess on the body, the belt is made of two rings located in the recess one after the other, one ring being rigidly connected to the front wall of the recess, and an annular ring is made from it a cavity open towards the rear wall of the recess, the second ring is made stepped in cross section with a protrusion on the front end from the side of its inner surface, cut along the cross section and placed with a gap from the side the bottom wall of the recess, the protrusion of the second ring is brought into the annular cavity, a radial clearance is arranged between the outer surface of the protrusion and the inner surface of the annular cavity, radial grooves and an annular ledge are made on the rear end of the second ring from the inner surface, which form a cavity open from the aft side projectile, while the diameters of the outer surface of the rings are less than the diameter of the outer surface of the projectile, and the radial clearance and the height of the protrusion are determined by the relations:

Δ> (D _to -d _p ) / 2;

h> B

where Δ is the radial clearance between the outer surface of the protrusion and the inner surface of the annular cavity;

D _to - the diameter of the channel of the gun barrel;

d _p - the diameter of the outer surface of the second ring of the belt;

h is the height of the protrusion;

B is the width of the second ring of the girdle.

The invention is illustrated in graphic materials, where Figs. 1, 2, 3 show a general view of an artillery shell 1 located in the bore of a barrel 2, and its elements. The lead belt 3 is installed in the recess 4 on the housing 5, the belt 3 is made of two rings located in the recess 4 one after another, while the first ring 6 is rigidly connected to the front wall 7 of the recess 4, an annular cavity is made from it on the side of the inner surface 8 9, open towards the rear wall 10 of the recess 4, the second ring 11 is made stepwise in cross section with a protrusion 12 at the front end from the side of its inner surface 13, is cut along the cross section and placed with a gap 14 from the side of the rear wall 10 of the recess 4, the protrusion 12 WTO of the second ring 11 is brought into the annular cavity 9, between the outer surface 15 of the protrusion 12 and the inner surface 16 of the annular cavity 9 a radial clearance 17 is arranged, at the rear end 18 of the second ring 11 there are made radial grooves 19 and the annular ledge 20 from the side of the inner surface 13, which form cavity 21, open from the rear of the projectile 22, while the diameters 23, 24 of the outer surface of the rings 6 and 11 are less than the diameter 25 of the outer surface of the projectile 1, and the radial clearance 17 and the height 26 of the protrusion 12 are determined by the relations:

Δ> (D _to -d _p ) / 2;

h> B

where Δ is the radial clearance between the outer surface of the protrusion and the inner surface of the annular cavity;

D _to - the diameter of the channel of the gun barrel;

d _p - the diameter of the outer surface of the second ring of the belt;

h is the height of the protrusion;

B is the width of the second ring of the girdle.

When firing an artillery shell 1 from the channel of the gun’s barrel 2, powder gases from the combustion of the propellant charge through the gap 14 and cavity 21, organized by an annular ledge 20 and radial grooves 19 from the side of the rear part 22 of the projectile 1, penetrate under the second ring 11 of the belt 3, affect it inner surface, as the second ring 11 is cut along the cross section, it begins to expand within the radial gap 17 between the outer surface 15 of the protrusion and the inner surface 16 of the annular cavity. Since the value Δ of the radial clearance 17 is more than half the difference between the inner diameter of the bore 2 and the diameter of the outer surface of the second ring 11, it is guaranteed to expand to the stop on the inner surface of the bore 2 of the gun, thereby eliminating the flow of propellant propellant gas between the bore of the gun and the shell of the shell, providing a reliable obturation of the artillery shell, while, since the height 26 of the protrusion 12 is greater than the width 27 of the second ring 11 of the belt 3, the possibility of second on ring 11 of first ring 6 at an exit of an artillery shell 1 from the bore 2.

The proposed technical solution successfully passed the stages of prototyping and experimental testing on several developed models of artillery shells, proved its effectiveness and will soon be implemented in serial samples of military equipment.

Information sources

1. RF patent No. 2224212, class. F42B 14/02 of 02/20/2004

Claims (2)

1. An artillery shell comprising a body, a lead belt mounted in a recess on the body, characterized in that the lead belt is made of two rings located in the recess one after another, while one ring is rigidly connected to the front wall of the recess, in it from the side an inner surface has an annular cavity open towards the rear wall of the recess, the second ring is made stepped in cross section with a protrusion at the front end from the side of its inner surface, cut along the cross section and placed with azoor from the back wall of the recess, the protrusion of the second ring is introduced into the annular cavity, a radial clearance is arranged between the outer surface of the protrusion and the inner surface of the annular cavity, radial grooves and an annular step are made on the rear end of the second ring from the side of the inner surface, which form a cavity open from side of the stern of the projectile, while the outer diameters of the rings are less than the outer diameter of the projectile. 2. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnitude of the radial clearance and the height of the protrusion are determined by the relations: Δ> (D _to -d _p ) / 2, h> B, where Δ is the radial clearance between the outer surface of the protrusion and the inner surface of the annular cavities D _k - diameter of the gun’s barrel bore d _{p -} detectable diameter of the second ring of the belt h - height of the protrusion B - width of the second ring of the belt.

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