RU2295695C2 - Artillery round - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ammunition for antipersonnel automatic grenade launchers.

SUBSTANCE: the round has a cartridge case with a percussion primer, shell with a rest against the cartridge case bottom and made with a band section consisting of a cylindrical section and a tapered base, bottom recess for placement of the propellant charge, outer cavity enclosed between the inner surface of the cartridge case and the outer surface of the base and coupled to the bottom recess by lateral ducts. The round is additionally provided with a subcaliber stabilizer made at the end of the base in the form of longitudinal and open-back grooves, whose summary width makes up 0.7 to 0.9 of the caliber, the width and length of each of them is within 0.08 to 1.2 and 0.03 to 0.08 of the caliber respectively, and their intake plane is positioned at an angle of 0 to 30 deg relative to the shell longitudinal plane. The band section has a length of 0.6 to 0.8 of the caliber, its base has a length of 0.3 to 0.5 of the caliber and the slope of 9 to 15 deg aside. The bottom undercut is made in the form of a cone similar to a beveled shape having a depth equal to the base length, and volume within 0.75 to 0.9 of the base volume, and the bottom lateral surface of the cartridge case is made in the form of a cone, whose seating diameter corresponds to the diameter of the shell mating end.

EFFECT: enhanced close grouping of shots at a maximum range of fire.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to ammunition for anti-personnel automatic grenade launchers and can be used in the manufacture of artillery cartridges for firing at an increased range with improved indicators of accuracy of battle.

Known cartridge EPO patent No. 0238155 from 08/23/1997, containing a shell equipped with an igniter capsule, a shell secured in the sleeve with a bottom recess, made in the form of a cylinder. The propellant charge is placed in the charging chamber formed by the internal cavity of the sleeve and the bottom notch in the shell. Between the inner surface of the sleeve and the outer surface of the part of the projectile located in the sleeve, an external cavity is formed, which is connected through the transverse channels to the charging chamber.

The disadvantage of this design is the poor aerodynamic shape of the projectile due to the presence of two annular protrusions in its tail and the absence of a conical stern, which reduces the flight range of the projectile.

A cartridge is known according to patent RU 2206053 of March 29, 2002, containing a shell equipped with an igniter capsule, stabilized by rotation of a projectile, the shoulder portion of which is cylindrically shaped and extended to the entire depth of the cavity of the sleeve until it stops at its bottom, propelling charge placed in a cylindrical bottom a recess, an external cavity, enclosed between the inner surface of the sleeve and the corresponding outer surface of the projectile and connected to the volume of the bottom recess using transverse holes made on the cone parts of the projectile. The introduction of a cone-shaped stern into the design of the projectile, as well as bottom undercut, ensured a decrease in the drag coefficient and made it possible to increase its flight range at a subsonic speed of the projectile.

Along with a decrease in the longitudinal resistance force, which favorably affects the increase in the firing range, the design with bottom undercut and elongated conical stern is characterized by a decrease in the static and dynamic stability of the projectile, which negatively affects the accuracy of the battle, as well as a sharp increase in the influence of the dispersion of the initial speed on the indicators accuracy of shooting. So, when firing from automatic anti-personnel grenade launchers AGS-17 and AGS-30 with shots made in accordance with this technical solution, individual shells when firing at a range of 2100 m had a significant short-range - 300-400 m, which is not permissible. In addition, the disadvantages of this design also include its lack of rigidity in the radial direction at the junction of the liner with the shell. This is due to the fact that the projectile is pressed into the sleeve at a short length, determined by the length of the cylindrical section of its bung portion. By virtue of this circumstance, during the operation of the cartridges, the swinging of its individual shells relative to their shells in the transverse direction is not excluded, for example, when the cartridges are equipped with tape. As a consequence of this, depressurization of propellant charges, a decrease in their ballistic characteristics, and a deterioration in the accuracy of fire. To assess the resistance of cartridges to the effect of lateral loading, they were loaded with a force of 400 kg in a special device, then weighed with an accuracy of 0.01 g and placed in a bath with water for 24 hours. The effect of water on the cartridges was determined by firing with measuring the initial velocity of the projectile. As a result of these tests, it was found that the cartridges at this load were depressurized and, due to the penetration of water into the loading chamber, had additional weight, as a result of which the initial velocity of their shells decreased by 7%, and the probable deviation of the initial velocity was r = 4.4566 m / s, which significantly exceeds the requirement for technical specifications for this cartridge - r≤1.2 m / s. In addition, due to the execution in the cone-shaped feed of the bottom excavation in the form of a cylinder, its bottom part is thick-walled, and therefore heavy. As a result of this, the center of mass of the projectile is shifted back, thereby increasing the shoulder of the overturning moment, which reduces the projectile’s margin of stability, and hence the accuracy of the battle.

The invention solves the problem of increasing the accuracy of the battle while maintaining the maximum firing range.

This problem is solved due to the fact that in an artillery cartridge for a rifled weapon containing a sleeve with an igniter capsule, a projectile fixed with an emphasis on the bottom of the sleeve and made with a shoulder part consisting of a cylindrical section and a conical stern, a bottom recess for accommodating a propellant charge, an external cavity enclosed between the inner surface of the liner and the outer surface of the stern and connected to the bottom recess by transverse channels:

- the projectile is additionally equipped with a stabilizer stabilizer, made at the end of the stern in the form of longitudinal and backward slots;

- the total width of the grooves is 0.7-0.9 caliber, the width and length of each of them is in the range of 0.08-1.2 and 0.03-0.08 caliber, respectively;

- the intake plane of the grooves is located relative to the longitudinal plane of the projectile at an angle of 0-30 °;

- the hull part of the projectile has a length of 0.6-0.8 caliber, and its feed is a length of 0.3-0.5 caliber and an angle of inclination of 9-15 ° to the side;

- bottom undercut is made in the form of a cone-like cone stern, has a depth equal to the stern length and a volume of 0.75-0.9 of the stern volume;

- the bottom side surface of the shell is made in the form of a cone, the reference diameter of which corresponds to the diameter of the mating end face of the projectile.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where

figure 1 shows a General view of the artillery cartridge with a partial section;

figure 2 - the rear end of the projectile, the intake plane of the longitudinal and rear open grooves of which is parallel to the longitudinal plane of the projectile, i.e. at an angle of 0 °;

figure 3 - the rear end of the projectile, the intake plane of the longitudinal and rear open grooves of which is located at an angle to the longitudinal plane of the projectile.

The artillery cartridge contains a sleeve 1 equipped with an igniter capsule and a shell 2 fixed therein with a bottom recess 3. The shell portion of the shell is cylindrical and consists of a cylindrical section 4 and a conical stern 5. The cylindrical part of the shell is extended to the entire depth of the shell until it stops at the bottom 6. Throwing charge 7 is placed in the bottom recess. The outer surface of the stern and the corresponding inner surface of the liner form the outer cavity 8. To increase the stability of the projectile on the flight path, it is additionally equipped with a sub-caliber stabilizer made at the end of the stern in the form of longitudinal and rear open slots 9. The width 10 and length 11 of these grooves are within 0.08-1.2 and 0.03-0.08 caliber, respectively, and their total width is 0.7-0.9 caliber. The intake (windward) side of the grooves 12 is, for example, at an angle of 0 ° to the longitudinal plane 13 of the projectile (FIG. 2), or inclined to 30 ° with respect to it (FIG. 3). The hull portion of the projectile is 0.6-0.8 caliber long, its tapered feed has a length of 0.3-0.5 caliber and a tilt angle of 9-15 ° to the side. The bottom undercut is made in the form of a cone, the side surface of which is parallel to the side surface of the stern. In combination with the presence of transverse channels, which also provide equalization of the pressure of the powder gases in the charging chamber and in the external cavity during the initial period of the shot, this allows the wall 14 to be made of equal thickness and with the smallest weight. In turn, this ensures the minimum displacement of the center of mass of the projectile back and the minimum distance between its center of pressure and the center of mass, and therefore the minimum value of the overturning moment, which positively determines, ultimately, the stability of the projectile’s flight on the trajectory, its spread in firing range. Performing a hollow stern with a thin wall allows you to have the largest volume of the loading chamber at its smallest depth, namely 0.75-0.9 of the volume of the stern. It also makes it possible to use a large powder mount to achieve greater range. The depth of the bottom undercut corresponds to the length of the stern, so that the wall of the stern inside and out is loaded with equal pressure of the powder gases and can be made thin, thereby minimizing the mass of the projectile not directly involved in the fragmentation. To increase the rigidity of the structure in the transverse direction, the end part of the stern is forcibly limited by the bottom side surface of the sleeve, made, for example, in the form of a cone 15, the reference diameter 16 of which corresponds to the diameter of the mating end of the projectile. In addition, this prevents the bloating of thin-walled feed in the initial period of the shot when the external cavity is filled with powder gases and the pressure is equalized on both sides of the feed wall.

Upon initiation of the capsule, the propellant charge 7 located in the bottom recess 3 ignites. The powder gases formed during this flow through the transverse channels into the external cavity 8, thereby equalizing the pressure on both sides of the wall of the hollow stern. Taking into account the fact that the end part of the stern is limited by the bottom side surface of the sleeve, the volume of the external cavity 8 is much smaller than the volume of the charging chamber, and the bore of the transverse channels has a definite value, the pressure builds up in both volumes almost simultaneously and without permanent deformation of the stern wall. After the powder gases reach the so-called boost pressure, the projectile 2, with its leading belt, cuts into the screw grooves of the barrel channels and then moves along it, acquiring the given linear and angular velocities. In flight, a rotating projectile captures air by the intake planes of its transverse channels and thus creates additional resistance forces at its end, which cause the appearance of a lifting force and an additional stabilizing moment of pitch relative to the center of mass located upstream of the air. As a result of this, the nutational oscillations of the projectile decay, thereby stabilizing the frontal resistance of the projectile, and hence its flight range.

Technical solutions embedded in the design of the artillery cartridge provided:

- reducing the dispersion of projectiles in range and fulfilling the requirements of the technical specifications for the indicator of accuracy of battle, namely, Vd / X _max <1/100;

- increase the stiffness of the cartridge in the transverse direction at the junction of the sleeve with the projectile. So, when loading a cartridge with a lateral force of 700 kg, the charging chamber does not depressurize - after locking the cartridges in the water, the initial velocity of the projectile does not drop, and the value of the probable deviation of the initial velocity does not exceed the requirements of the specification, namely r _v <1.2 m / s;

- thinning of the side wall of the hollow stern to 0.7-1.3 mm (while maintaining its geometry when fired), which reduces the mass of the projectile, not directly involved in the fragmentation, to a minimum.

Information sources

1. EPO patent No. 0238155, MKI F 42 B 5/02, prior. 08/23/97.

2. Patent RU No. 2206053, MKI F 42 B 5/02, prior. 03/29/02.

Claims (1)

An artillery rifle cartridge containing a sleeve with an igniter capsule, a projectile fixed with a stop in the bottom of the sleeve and made with a shoulder part consisting of a cylindrical section and a conical stern, a bottom recess for accommodating a propellant charge, an external cavity enclosed between the inner surface of the sleeve and the outer surface of the stern and connected to the bottom recess by transverse channels, characterized in that the projectile is additionally equipped with a stabilizer made at the end of the stern in the form of single and rear open grooves, the total width of which is 0.7-0.9 caliber, the width and length of each of them is in the range of 0.08-1.2 and 0.03-0.08 caliber, respectively, and their intake plane is located relative to the longitudinal plane of the projectile at an angle of 0-30 °, while the shoulder portion of the projectile has a length of 0.6-0.8 caliber, its feed is a length of 0.3-0.5 caliber and the angle of inclination 9-15 ° to the side, bottom undercut is made in the form of a cone-like cone with a depth equal to the length of the stern and a volume of 0.75-0.9 of the volume of the stern, and the bottom side erhnost sleeve is formed as a cone, the reference diameter corresponding to the diameter of the projectile end of the response.

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