GB2144452A - Protective coating for the surface protection of light metals or light metal alloys - Google Patents
Protective coating for the surface protection of light metals or light metal alloys Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2144452A GB2144452A GB08414210A GB8414210A GB2144452A GB 2144452 A GB2144452 A GB 2144452A GB 08414210 A GB08414210 A GB 08414210A GB 8414210 A GB8414210 A GB 8414210A GB 2144452 A GB2144452 A GB 2144452A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- light
- props
- bronze
- light metal
- hard metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 7
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 4
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu] YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
- C23C4/067—Metallic material containing free particles of non-metal elements, e.g. carbon, silicon, boron, phosphorus or arsenic
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The protective coat particularly for increasing the spark-safety of aluminium props is prepared by spraying a powdery mixture onto the surface of the parts, the powdery mixture or protective coat containing 55-75% hard metal and 25-45% bronze, its thickness being 0.15-0.5 mm. The hard metal consists suitably of 81-96% nickel and 4-19% BSiFe, and the bronze contains 75-95% copper and 5-25% tin.
Description
SPECIFICATION
Protective coating for the surface protection of light metals or light metal alloys
This invention relates to a protective coating for the surface protection of light metals or light metal alloys, particularly for increasing the sparking safety of aluminium props in mines, where a powdery mixture is blown onto the surface of the prop.
It is known that sparks may be generated as a result of the mechanical interaction of different materials, and these sparks may induce ignition or explosion in explosive medium, This involves generally serious financial damages and frequently injury or fatal accident. Consequently various specifications are in force related to materials used in the working place exposed to the danger of explosion. These specifications make the use of spark-proof materials compulsory.
However, real spark-proof materials do not exist at all. In case of sufficiently intensive interaction, sparks may be generated by the contact of any pair of materials. As far as the sparkproof materials are concerned, it can be said only that under certain conditions no spark formation is expectable during their useage. This, however, depends on the medium in which the material is used, on the interaction of the other materials, as well as on the type of the interaction and on the intensity of the energies arising during the interaction.
One of the characteristic fields of application of the spark-proof materials is mining. Thus during the production of props and equipment preventative measures stopping the generation of mechanical sparks are required.
The steel props used before were believed to be more spark-proof than the light metal alloys, because the danger of sparking was relatively low during the contact of the steel tools with the steel props. The danger of sparking was considerably higher if aluminium props contacted steel tools, particularly rusty tools. This is the fundamental disadvantage of the aluminium and light metal props. At the same time, however, the weight of the light metal props is much lighter than that of the steel props, consequently their use is easier and more economical.
Many tests were conducted for solving this problem. A method is known for example, where the props are coated with synthetic material. Its disadvantage is that the synthetic layer wears relatively soon off the prop, particularly from the surface of the internal prop, thus its protective effect is fairly limited.
It is also known /e.g. GFR patent No. 808 225/ to provide the external props with rubber coats. In this case however it is still a problem that the internal props cannot be provided with rubber coats and even with this coat problems appeared similar to the props coated with sythetic layer.
The Hungarian patent No. 1 75 097 describes a method, where at least a certain part of the props is provided with a spark-proof and shock-proof jacket. This jacket is made of steel, its thickness is 0.2-0.6 mm.
The shortcoming of this method is that the application of the jacket is relatively complicated due to the requirement for suitable insulation between the jacket and the prop in order to prevent an electric bridge leading to corrosion. For these reasons this method has not gained general acceptance either in practice.
Experiments were conducted for providing the light metal props with galvanic, chemical or anodic coatings, these however are too soft and cannot prevent the formation of sparks produced by the impact energies.
It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a method, which allows the aluminium or light metal props to be provided with a safe protective layer and thus the development of spark-proof structures under the conditions of application.
Accordingly, the invention provides a protective coat which is applied to the surface of the material by means of metal spraying and it consists of 55-75 % hard metal and 25-45 % bronze, and its thickness is between 0.15 and 0.5 mm.
The hard metal powder contains suitably 81-96 % nickel and 4-19 % BSiFe. The bronze powder consists preferably of 75-95 % copper and 5-25 % tin. The so-formed protective layer adheres well to the basic material, it does not require subsequent finishing work and it is sufficiently resistant to the mechanical effects.
Surface treatment of parts with metal spraying naturally has been known for a long time. In the process of this diversified mixtures have been used. For example according to GFR patent
No. 24 25 358 a layer consisting of aluminium-bronze, phosphorous-bronze, stainless steel or nickel-copper alloys are applied to the surface of the pistons in order to increase the wearresistance and to provide suitable bedding for the piston rings.
According to British patent No. 1 403 639 the surface of a part is protected by an alloy containing zinc. The surface layer is applied with metal spraying.
British patent No. 1 460 285 discloses a process wherein nickel and cobalt alloys are applied as protective coat on the surface of aluminium parts.
These methods are not suitable for the formation of spark-proof surfaces /the processes described are not used in this field/, since the hard metal powders alone give fairly rough surfaces which can be used only after subsequent finishing work. Inclusions are liberated during the finishing work which deteriorate the homogeneity of the surface to a considerable extent.
Copper or bronze powders give a continuous surface layer of good quality, their subsequent finishing is not required, but their strength properties-similarly to those of the galvanic coatingc are not satisfactory.
The present invention is based on the recognition that hard metal powder and bronze powder jointly used as protective coat adheres well to the surface, its mechanical strength is excellent and the surface quality too is suitable without the need of subsequent finishing work. This is due to the fact that the bronze component forms a well adhering relatively soft basic layer in which the hard metal component is distributed. Thus all properties can be ensured that are necessary for a layer of suitable quality.
Further details of the invention are described by way of examples.
The internal colums of hydraulic aluminium props are provided with the protective coat according to the invention. Four different compositions were used during the tests, as follows:
Table 1.
Symbol of
the sample Composition % Ni BSiFe Hard metal Cu Sn Bronze powder
powder, total total 1. 85 15 50 80 20 50 11+ 90 10 60 90 10 40 III.+ 95 5 70 95 5 30 III. 95 5 70 95 5 30
IV. 85 15 80 90 10 20
Composition according to the invention.
The powdery compositions shown in Table 1. were applied to the surfaces of the parts cleaned with sand-blasting with the aid of plasma-jet apparatus. The thickness of the applied layers was the following.
Table 2.
Symbol of Layer sample thickness /mm/
I. 0.3
II. 0.2 III. 0.3 IV. 0.4 The work pieces and the samples prepared from these were subjected to spark test and mechanical test. The spark tests were conducted in the following way.
1 5 mm high rings of 11 2 mm inside and 1 38 mm outside diameter were prepared from the samples and these were fastened to 20 kg drop-weights. The drop test was carried out in drop chamber made of 55 mm thick steel plate, reinforced with angle bars and filled with gas. The chamber was cubic; the length of the cube edge was 1 m.
The drop-weight was admitted to the object through a descent tube. The height of the descent tube was 3 m, and the object was a 40 mm thick rusted steel plate. The steel plate was fastened to a reinforced concrete block at an angle of 604 to the horizontal.
The chamber was filled with explosive CH4 air mixture prior to the test. The sample with the drop weight was dropped onto the object. The impact energy was 60 kgm. The test results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3.
Symbol CH4 content Number of Number of of sample % drops impacts
I. 6.4 10 2
II. 6.6 10
III. 6.4 10 IV. 6.5 10 3
The tests demonstrate that the protective coat according to the invention is completely sparkproof under the given conditions. The tests also show that the spark-safety ceases in case of composition different from the one given. The reason for this is found in the rigidity of the coat which contains an excessive quantity of hard metal powder, while in the case of the coat containing too much bronze powder, the strength of the layer is lower than required.
Load tests too were conducted on the samples. Tubes of 90 mm diameter were axially loaded with 60 ton. Under the load the tubes suffered bulging deformation, the maximum diameter became 101 mm. The protective coat according to the composition of the invention stood up to the ioad test, and the coat containing relatively high quantity of bronze demonstrated similarly adequate adherence. The coat containing excessive amount of hard metal cracked during the test.
The presented examples show that the protective coat acording to the invention is suitable in respect of both the spark-safety and mechanical loadability in contrast with the similar coats used so far.
The coating according to the invention may be used not only for the protection of props, though the tests described in the examples were related to props used in mines. Evidently similar coat can be successfully used in other fields as well.
Claims (1)
1. Protective coat for the surface protection of light metals or light metal alloys particularly for increasing the spark-safety of aluminium props, said coat being prepared by blowing a powdery mixture onto the surface of the parts, characterized in that it contains 55-75 % hard metal and 25-45 % bronze and its thickness is 0.15-0.5 mm.
2. Protective coat as claimed in claim 1., characterized in that the hard metal consists of 81-96 % nickel and 4-19 % BSiFe.
3. Protective coat as claimed in claim 1 or 2 characterized in that the bronze powder consists of 75-95 % copper and 5-25 % tin.
4. An article comprising a core made of a light metal or a light metal alloy and a surface coating 0.15 to 0.5 mm thick comprising 55 to 75% of a hard metal and 24 to 45% bronze.
5. An article as claimed in claim 4 or claim 5, wherein the light is, or the light metal alloy contains, aluminium, magnesium and/or beryllium.
7. A coating as claimed in claim 1, and an article as claimed in claim 4, substantially as hereinbefore described.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| HU832176A HU186714B (en) | 1983-06-17 | 1983-06-17 | Protective coating for surface protection of pieces made of light material or light alloy |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8414210D0 GB8414210D0 (en) | 1984-07-11 |
| GB2144452A true GB2144452A (en) | 1985-03-06 |
| GB2144452B GB2144452B (en) | 1986-09-10 |
Family
ID=10958136
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08414210A Expired GB2144452B (en) | 1983-06-17 | 1984-06-04 | Protective coating for the surface protection of light metals or light metal alloys |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE3418865A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2548217B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2144452B (en) |
| HU (1) | HU186714B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19828663A1 (en) * | 1997-06-27 | 1999-02-04 | Aisin Seiki | New friction material useful for clutch, transmission or brake |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB677144A (en) * | 1948-10-18 | 1952-08-13 | Ford Motor Co | Polymetallized light alloy brake drum |
| GB822366A (en) * | 1956-09-10 | 1959-10-21 | Coal Industry Patents Ltd | Improvements in and relating to the protective coating of articles of aluminium or alloys of aluminium |
| GB1441961A (en) * | 1973-03-21 | 1976-07-07 | Wellworthy Ltd | Piston rings |
| GB1449162A (en) * | 1973-05-25 | 1976-09-15 | Wellworthy Ltd | Method for reinforcing pistons |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3246981A (en) * | 1964-02-27 | 1966-04-19 | Joseph F Quaas | Homogenous ductile nickel base alloy weld deposit and method for producing same |
| US3322547A (en) * | 1964-03-27 | 1967-05-30 | Eutectic Welding Alloys | Alloy powder for flame spraying |
| GB1154276A (en) * | 1967-04-22 | 1969-06-04 | Morris Motors Ltd | Production of Metallic Friction Faces |
| US3655425A (en) * | 1969-07-01 | 1972-04-11 | Metco Inc | Ceramic clad flame spray powder |
| DE2029642A1 (en) * | 1970-06-16 | 1971-12-23 | Porsche Kg | Process for applying a friction layer to metal components by means of flame spraying |
| US3941903A (en) * | 1972-11-17 | 1976-03-02 | Union Carbide Corporation | Wear-resistant bearing material and a process for making it |
| DE2640104C3 (en) * | 1976-09-07 | 1979-03-08 | Herbert 5000 Koeln Friebe | Pit stamp |
| DE2935401B1 (en) * | 1979-09-01 | 1980-06-12 | Vaw Ver Aluminium Werke Ag | Use of an aluminum composite |
| JPS5696066A (en) * | 1979-12-28 | 1981-08-03 | Toyota Motor Corp | Treatment of sliding member to provide wear resistance |
-
1983
- 1983-06-17 HU HU832176A patent/HU186714B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1984
- 1984-05-21 DE DE19843418865 patent/DE3418865A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1984-06-04 GB GB08414210A patent/GB2144452B/en not_active Expired
- 1984-06-12 FR FR8409128A patent/FR2548217B1/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB677144A (en) * | 1948-10-18 | 1952-08-13 | Ford Motor Co | Polymetallized light alloy brake drum |
| GB822366A (en) * | 1956-09-10 | 1959-10-21 | Coal Industry Patents Ltd | Improvements in and relating to the protective coating of articles of aluminium or alloys of aluminium |
| GB1441961A (en) * | 1973-03-21 | 1976-07-07 | Wellworthy Ltd | Piston rings |
| GB1449162A (en) * | 1973-05-25 | 1976-09-15 | Wellworthy Ltd | Method for reinforcing pistons |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| HU186714B (en) | 1985-09-30 |
| FR2548217A1 (en) | 1985-01-04 |
| FR2548217B1 (en) | 1989-09-15 |
| DE3418865A1 (en) | 1985-01-17 |
| GB8414210D0 (en) | 1984-07-11 |
| GB2144452B (en) | 1986-09-10 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |