GB2140458A - Tubular components of densely sintered ceramic materials - Google Patents
Tubular components of densely sintered ceramic materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2140458A GB2140458A GB08406819A GB8406819A GB2140458A GB 2140458 A GB2140458 A GB 2140458A GB 08406819 A GB08406819 A GB 08406819A GB 8406819 A GB8406819 A GB 8406819A GB 2140458 A GB2140458 A GB 2140458A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- densely sintered
- oxide
- aluminium nitride
- component
- satisfactory
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/58—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides
- C04B35/581—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on aluminium nitride
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/02—Constructional details
- H01S3/03—Constructional details of gas laser discharge tubes
- H01S3/0305—Selection of materials for the tube or the coatings thereon
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
- Lasers (AREA)
Abstract
Tubular components made from densely sintered aluminium nitride which has a satisfactory thermal conductivity, a high electrical resistance, satisfactory dielectric properties, as well as high strength. Advantageously one or more oxidic materials may be added to the aluminium nitride. Preferably yttrium oxide is used as an additive although the additives may consist generally of oxides of alkaline earth metals or of rare earth metals or of transition elements of the IVth, Vth or VIth groups of the periodic system or they may consist of aluminium oxide or silicon oxide. The invention is particularly useful for making laser tube components.
Description
SPECIFICATION
Tubular components of densely sintered ceramic materials
The present invention relates to tubular components of densely sintered ceramic materials.
Due to their satisfactory thermal conductivity and their high electrical resistance, use has hitherto been made for tubular components, or densely sintered aluminium oxide but if aluminium oxide ceramics do not fulfil the requirements, then densely sintered beryllium oxide is utilised (see Ullmanns Encyklopä- die der Technischen Chemie, 4th Edition, 1979, volume 17, pages 525-527).
Although densely sintered beryllium oxide has very satisfactory qualities, its high cost and the toxicity of the beryllium oxide dust militate against an extensive application of this material.
The invention consequently has as an object a tubular component made from a material that has satisfactory qualities analogous to those of densely sintered beryllium oxide, but which may be produced more economically and in a manner not injurious to health, and processed in like manner.
Accordingly the invention consists in a tubular component made of densely sintered aluminium nitride. This material meets the requirements hereinabove set forth.
Tube components of densely sintered aluminium nitride thus possess high strength, satisfactory resistance to sudden changes in temperature, high electrical resistance and satisfactory dielectric properties. Since, by contrast to those made of beryllium oxide, they retain their satisfactory thermal conductivity even at high temperatures, these components are particularly appropriate for laser tubes.
In view of the comparatively great coefficient of thermal expansion of the densely sintered aluminium nitride, the tube components in accordance with the invention may be joined satisfactorily to metals.
Pulverulent mixtures of aluminium nitride and 0.1 - 10% by weight of an oxidic additive, preferably form the initial material for the production of the tube components. These mixtures are processed by pressing in the cold state into green mouldings which are densely sintered in an inert atmosphere, preferably under nitrogen.
The coefficient of thermal expansion and the thermal conductivity of the densely sintered aluminium nitride may be affected in required manner by the nature and quantity of the oxidic additive.
One or more of the oxides of the alkaline earth metals, of the rare earth metals (scandium, yttrium and lanthanum up to lutetium), of the transition elements of the IVth, Vth and Vlth group of the periodic system, aluminium oxide and silicon oxide, may be utilised as oxidic additives.
Yttrium oxide proved to be particularly satisfactory.
Densely sintered aluminium nitride which contains yttrium oxide is unexpectedly extremely stable against humidity.
The production of tube components in accordance with the invention may advantageously be performed as described in the following example.
Example
5000 grammes of a mixture of 99% by weight of pulverulent aluminium nitride and 1% byweightof pulverulent yttrium oxide are ground for 40 hours in a ball mill containing ceramic grinding elements and under argon as a protective gas, and then passed through a screen having a mesh size of 100 micrometres.
A tubular pressing is produced by isostatic cold pressing (2500 bar pressure) from the powder having a grain size of less than 100 micrometres obtained by screening, and placed in an electrically heated sintering furnace. After evacuation down to 10-5 mbar, nitrogen is fed into the sintering furnace until the pressure amounts to 5 mbar. The sintering furnace is then heated whilst maintaining this pressure, until a temperature of 1200 C is reached within 3 hours. The nitrogen pressure is then raised to 140 mbar, and the temperature is raised to 1 850 C within an hour, when the nitrogen pressure amounts to 180 mbar.
This temperature and pressure are maintained for 2 hours, after which a cooling operation is performed.
The densely sintered tube components are extracted after venting the sintering furnace.
The tubular component produced in this manner has a coefficient of thermal expansion of 4 x 1 O-6K-', a thermal conductivity of 200 W/m K and a flexural strength of 320 N/mm2.
1. A tubular component of densely sintered aluminium nitride.
2. A component as claimed in claim 1, wherein one or more oxidic materials are added to the aluminium nitride.
3. A component as claimed in claim 2, wherein the additives are oxides of alkaline earth metals, of rare earth metals, of the transition elements of the
IVth, Vth or Vlth group of the periodic system, or aluminium oxide or silicon oxide.
4. A component as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein the proportion of oxidic additives amounts to 0.1 to 10% by weight.
5. A component as claimed in claim 2,3 or 4, wherein the oxidic additive is yttrium oxide.
6. A method of making a tubular component substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the specific Example.
7. A lasertube component whenever made from a component as claimed in any of the preceding claims.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (7)
1. A tubular component of densely sintered aluminium nitride.
2. A component as claimed in claim 1, wherein one or more oxidic materials are added to the aluminium nitride.
3. A component as claimed in claim 2, wherein the additives are oxides of alkaline earth metals, of rare earth metals, of the transition elements of the
IVth, Vth or Vlth group of the periodic system, or aluminium oxide or silicon oxide.
4. A component as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein the proportion of oxidic additives amounts to 0.1 to 10% by weight.
5. A component as claimed in claim 2,3 or 4, wherein the oxidic additive is yttrium oxide.
6. A method of making a tubular component substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the specific Example.
7. A lasertube component whenever made from a component as claimed in any of the preceding claims.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19833313836 DE3313836C2 (en) | 1983-04-16 | 1983-04-16 | Use of aluminum nitride for laser tube components |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB8406819D0 GB8406819D0 (en) | 1984-04-18 |
GB2140458A true GB2140458A (en) | 1984-11-28 |
GB2140458B GB2140458B (en) | 1986-03-19 |
Family
ID=6196574
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB08406819A Expired GB2140458B (en) | 1983-04-16 | 1984-03-15 | Tubular components of densely sintered ceramic materials |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS59194183A (en) |
CH (1) | CH658855A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3313836C2 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2544305B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2140458B (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2165263A (en) * | 1984-10-01 | 1986-04-09 | Gen Electric | High thermal conductivity ceramic body |
GB2167771A (en) * | 1984-11-26 | 1986-06-04 | Gen Electric | Sintered high thermal conductivity aluminium nitride ceramic body |
GB2168722A (en) * | 1984-12-07 | 1986-06-25 | Gen Electric | High thermal conductivity ceramic body |
GB2179677A (en) * | 1985-08-13 | 1987-03-11 | Tokuyama Soda Kk | Sintered aluminum nitride |
GB2213500A (en) * | 1985-08-13 | 1989-08-16 | Tokuyama Soda Kk | Sinterable aluminum nitride composition |
US5242872A (en) * | 1986-07-18 | 1993-09-07 | Tokuyama Soda Kabushiki Kaisha | Process for producing aluminum nitride sintered body |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3247985C2 (en) * | 1982-12-24 | 1992-04-16 | W.C. Heraeus Gmbh, 6450 Hanau | Ceramic carrier |
US4547471A (en) * | 1983-11-18 | 1985-10-15 | General Electric Company | High thermal conductivity aluminum nitride ceramic body |
US4578233A (en) * | 1984-11-01 | 1986-03-25 | General Electric Company | Pressureless sintering process to produce high thermal conductivity ceramic body of aluminum nitride |
JPH0649613B2 (en) * | 1984-11-08 | 1994-06-29 | 株式会社東芝 | Aluminum nitride sintered body and manufacturing method thereof |
US4746637A (en) * | 1984-11-08 | 1988-05-24 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Aluminum nitride sintered body and process for producing the same |
US4578232A (en) * | 1984-12-17 | 1986-03-25 | General Electric Company | Pressureless sintering process to produce high thermal conductivity ceramic body of aluminum nitride |
US4897372A (en) * | 1985-12-18 | 1990-01-30 | General Electric Company | High thermal conductivity ceramic body |
FR2595876A1 (en) * | 1986-03-13 | 1987-09-18 | Roulot Maurice | Tube for a laser generator of the ionised gas type |
US4764321A (en) * | 1986-03-28 | 1988-08-16 | General Electric Company | High thermal conductivity ceramic body |
US4818455A (en) * | 1986-05-30 | 1989-04-04 | General Electric Company | High thermal conductivity ceramic body |
JPH0717455B2 (en) * | 1986-07-18 | 1995-03-01 | 株式会社トクヤマ | Method for manufacturing aluminum nitride sintered body |
JP2524185B2 (en) * | 1988-02-29 | 1996-08-14 | 京セラ株式会社 | Aluminum nitride sintered body and manufacturing method thereof |
JPH0226872A (en) * | 1988-07-12 | 1990-01-29 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Window for transmitting high-frequency wave |
JP2962466B2 (en) * | 1997-01-06 | 1999-10-12 | 株式会社東芝 | Aluminum nitride sintered body |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB899915A (en) * | 1959-12-24 | 1962-06-27 | Deutsche Edelstahlwerke Ag | Hot pressing die |
GB949471A (en) * | 1959-05-06 | 1964-02-12 | Carborundum Co | Refractory articles and method of making same |
GB1001867A (en) * | 1961-07-21 | 1965-08-18 | Morganite Res & Dev Ltd | Improvements in and relating to making articles of aluminium nitride |
GB1100865A (en) * | 1964-07-27 | 1968-01-24 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | Method of preparing sintered masses of aluminium nitride |
EP0075857A2 (en) * | 1981-09-28 | 1983-04-06 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Sintered bodies of aluminum nitride |
GB2127390A (en) * | 1982-09-17 | 1984-04-11 | Tokuyama Soda Kk | Aluminium nitride powder and sintered product |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1906522B2 (en) * | 1968-02-10 | 1972-01-13 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co. Ltd., Kawasaki, Kanagawa (Japan) | METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A Sintered ALUMINUM NITRIDE YTTRIUM OXIDE ARTICLE |
JPS48100407A (en) * | 1972-03-31 | 1973-12-18 | ||
US4228826A (en) * | 1978-10-12 | 1980-10-21 | Campbell Frank Jun | Interlocking, laminated refractory for covering a pipe |
JPS57179080A (en) * | 1981-04-27 | 1982-11-04 | Nippon Kagaku Togyo Kk | Sintered ceramic pipe end sealing method |
-
1983
- 1983-04-16 DE DE19833313836 patent/DE3313836C2/en not_active Expired
-
1984
- 1984-02-14 CH CH71484A patent/CH658855A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-03-15 GB GB08406819A patent/GB2140458B/en not_active Expired
- 1984-03-28 JP JP59058553A patent/JPS59194183A/en active Granted
- 1984-04-16 FR FR8405985A patent/FR2544305B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB949471A (en) * | 1959-05-06 | 1964-02-12 | Carborundum Co | Refractory articles and method of making same |
GB899915A (en) * | 1959-12-24 | 1962-06-27 | Deutsche Edelstahlwerke Ag | Hot pressing die |
GB1001867A (en) * | 1961-07-21 | 1965-08-18 | Morganite Res & Dev Ltd | Improvements in and relating to making articles of aluminium nitride |
GB1100865A (en) * | 1964-07-27 | 1968-01-24 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | Method of preparing sintered masses of aluminium nitride |
EP0075857A2 (en) * | 1981-09-28 | 1983-04-06 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Sintered bodies of aluminum nitride |
GB2127390A (en) * | 1982-09-17 | 1984-04-11 | Tokuyama Soda Kk | Aluminium nitride powder and sintered product |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2165263A (en) * | 1984-10-01 | 1986-04-09 | Gen Electric | High thermal conductivity ceramic body |
GB2167771A (en) * | 1984-11-26 | 1986-06-04 | Gen Electric | Sintered high thermal conductivity aluminium nitride ceramic body |
GB2168722A (en) * | 1984-12-07 | 1986-06-25 | Gen Electric | High thermal conductivity ceramic body |
GB2179677A (en) * | 1985-08-13 | 1987-03-11 | Tokuyama Soda Kk | Sintered aluminum nitride |
GB2213500A (en) * | 1985-08-13 | 1989-08-16 | Tokuyama Soda Kk | Sinterable aluminum nitride composition |
GB2179677B (en) * | 1985-08-13 | 1990-05-30 | Tokuyama Soda Kk | Sinterable aluminum nitride composition |
GB2213500B (en) * | 1985-08-13 | 1990-05-30 | Tokuyama Soda Kk | Sinterable aluminum nitride composition |
US5242872A (en) * | 1986-07-18 | 1993-09-07 | Tokuyama Soda Kabushiki Kaisha | Process for producing aluminum nitride sintered body |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH0211790B2 (en) | 1990-03-15 |
FR2544305B1 (en) | 1990-05-04 |
DE3313836A1 (en) | 1984-10-18 |
DE3313836C2 (en) | 1985-08-29 |
FR2544305A1 (en) | 1984-10-19 |
GB2140458B (en) | 1986-03-19 |
CH658855A5 (en) | 1986-12-15 |
JPS59194183A (en) | 1984-11-02 |
GB8406819D0 (en) | 1984-04-18 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
732E | Amendments to the register in respect of changes of name or changes affecting rights (sect. 32/1977) | ||
PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20010315 |