GB2136062A - A linear ball-bearing for guiding a workpiece carriage of a machine saw - Google Patents

A linear ball-bearing for guiding a workpiece carriage of a machine saw Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2136062A
GB2136062A GB08305285A GB8305285A GB2136062A GB 2136062 A GB2136062 A GB 2136062A GB 08305285 A GB08305285 A GB 08305285A GB 8305285 A GB8305285 A GB 8305285A GB 2136062 A GB2136062 A GB 2136062A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
carriage
guide
frame
ball
tracks
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB08305285A
Other versions
GB8305285D0 (en
Inventor
Erwin Jenkner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to GB08305285A priority Critical patent/GB2136062A/en
Publication of GB8305285D0 publication Critical patent/GB8305285D0/en
Publication of GB2136062A publication Critical patent/GB2136062A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C29/00—Bearings for parts moving only linearly
    • F16C29/005—Guide rails or tracks for a linear bearing, i.e. adapted for movement of a carriage or bearing body there along
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D47/00—Sawing machines or sawing devices working with circular saw blades, characterised only by constructional features of particular parts
    • B23D47/02—Sawing machines or sawing devices working with circular saw blades, characterised only by constructional features of particular parts of frames; of guiding arrangements for work-table or saw-carrier
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/26—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members
    • B23Q1/40—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members using ball, roller or wheel arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/56—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/58—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism a single sliding pair
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • B27B5/00—Sawing machines working with circular or cylindrical saw blades; Components or equipment therefor
    • B27B5/16—Saw benches
    • B27B5/22—Saw benches with non-feedable circular saw blade
    • B27B5/222—Saw benches with non-feedable circular saw blade the saw blade being arranged underneath the work-table; Guiding arrangements for the work-table
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C29/00—Bearings for parts moving only linearly
    • F16C29/04—Ball or roller bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C29/00—Bearings for parts moving only linearly
    • F16C29/04—Ball or roller bearings
    • F16C29/045—Ball or roller bearings having rolling elements journaled in one of the moving parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/60—Raceways; Race rings divided or split, e.g. comprising two juxtaposed rings
    • F16C33/61—Raceways; Race rings divided or split, e.g. comprising two juxtaposed rings formed by wires
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2322/00—Apparatus used in shaping articles
    • F16C2322/39—General build up of machine tools, e.g. spindles, slides, actuators

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Bearings For Parts Moving Linearly (AREA)

Abstract

A machine saw has a movable workpiece carriage 20 supported on a frame 22, 24. The movement of the carriage 20 is guided by the provision of balls 34 in a ball guide 30, 32, which run on opposed tracks on the upper side of the frame and the under side of the carriage respectively. By their location the ball guides 30, 32 are largely protected from dirt and dust. The guiding arrangement is relatively simple to construct and does not need any adjustment devices to ensure that the carriage is located correctly and without sideways play. Preferably there are at least two parallel sets of tracks and ball guide, spaced apart. The tracks may be made from pairs of steel rods 36, 38, 40, 42 fixed in longitudinal grooves 44, 46, 48, 50 in the frame and the carriage. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Guiding a workpiece carriage of a machine saw The invention relates to a guide device for a movable workpiece carriage of a machine saw, which carriage is displaceably guided on a frame along a horizontal guide track in a straight line and is secure against lifting off. The guiding device has a ball guide which is located between the carriage and the frame and extends in the direction of movement of the carriage. The ball guide is fitted with at least two balls of equal diameter which are spaced apart in the direction of movement and engage through recesses in a ball strip holding them at a set separation. The balls are located between two pairs of strip-like guide members extending in the direction of guiding, one pair of these being fixed to the frame and the other pair being fixed to the carriage.
A guide device for the moving carriage of a machine saw should guide the carriage for easy running parallel to the cutting plane of the saw in an optimum manner, in order to enable cutting to size to be carried out with great accuracy. The saw may be a circular saw type machine saw as used for cutting panels to size.
In a known construction of such a guide device, an intermediate carriage is arranged between the workpiece carriage and the frame, which intermediate carriage is loosely located between these two parts and is supported by a total of four rollers. When the workpiece carriage is moved, the intermediate carriage is then displaced in the direction of movement of the workpiece carriage by only a fraction of the displacement of the workpiece carriage. The frame can be shorter than the workpiece carriage as a result of the relative movement between the workpiece carriage and the intermediate carriage. This means that the frame requires relatively little space when the machine saw is set up.
-In a further known guiding arrangement, analogous to the guide device described above, rolling bodies, in the form of balls, run in channels arranged at the sides of the guide track of the workpiece carriage and provide positive lateral location of the carriage with respect to the frame, more particularly to the long frame sides thereof.
The manufacture and lateral fixing of such ball guides is, however, very cost-intensive since the channels must, inter alia, be fitted with steel bands, which as a rule must be glued on, in Order to provide the balls with the appropriate running accuracy. Due to the lateral arrangement of the ball guides, they must be fitted with a very expensive adjustment device for the purpose of adjusting them without play. Furthermore, due to their structural arrangement, it is difficult to clean such ball guides and to keep them dust-free, above all free from the dust arising in a machine saw during woodworking. This means that the running properties of such ball guides are impaired after only a short time by the dirt which arises.
The present invention seeks to provide a guide device for a workpiece carriage of a machine saw in which the disadvantages of the ball guide of the guide device described above are avoided and the arrangement of the ball guide allows a simple construction and assembly.
According to the present invention, one pair of strip-like guide members is located on an upwardly facing surface of the frame and the other pair of strip-like guide members is located on a downwardly facing surface of the carriage.
In this construction, the ball guide is thus located in a region protected from dirt between the frame and the carriage. The weight of the carriage automatically ensures that it is guided without play and all the balls reliably bear the load, without the ball guide having to be fitted with an expensive adjustment device. This is ensured by the fact that, due to the dead weight of the carriage, the guide members on its underside rest on the balls which in turn rest on the guide members on the top side of the frame. The provision of one ball guide for guiding the carriage on one side of it only is sufficient to provide straight and easy running of the carriage. The other side of the carriage can be supported by the customary rollers.
The strip-like guide members can, for example, be steel profiles fixed in a suitable manner to the frame and to the carriage respectively. However, a particularly simple embodiment of the invention, which can therefore be used with advantage, is to provide the guide members in the form of cylindrical steel guide rods fixed without play in longitudinal grooves made in the top side of the frame and in the under side of the carriage, a part of the circumference of the rods projecting from the grooves.
Advantageously, the steel guide rods are hardened and ground steel shafts which can be fixed in the longitudinal grooves in a simple manner by point compression by means of a blow with a centre punch at several points along the longitudinal grooves after they have been inserted into these.
To prolong the life of the guide device it is advantageous for the edging carriage to be guided by means of at least two ball guides arranged parallel at a mutual separation, the desired easy running being obtainable by fitting the ball strips with a suitable number of balls and thus multiplying the load-bearing points.
Since the guide tracks formed by the steel guide rods provided on the top side of the frame are completely open upwards, they can readily be kept clean by means of simple scraping devices and thus ensure constant accuracy and constant easy running properties. To prevent tilting of the carriage to the side, rollers can additionally be fitted underneath it, which rollers bear against counter-surfaces of the frame, opposed to the ball guide or guides.
The fitting of the guide with mutually spaced ball guides has the further advantage that the relatively small diameter of the balls allows the guide track to be very close to the workpiecesupporting surface of the carriage, and this helps to achieve good working accuracy. It is advantageous to connect the mutually spaced ball guides rigidly to one another, thus ensuring synchronous running relative to the edging carriage.
An embodiment of the invention, given by way of example will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawing, which shows a cross-section through a carriage guided on a frame being shown with a guide device embodying the present invention.
The workpiece table 10 of a machine saw suitable for cutting panels to size has a workpiecesupporting surface 12, of which one longitudinal edge 1 4, running perpendicular to the plane of the paper, extends parallel to a cutting plane 16. A circular saw blade 18 which is indicated in dots and dashes, is located in the cutting plane and can be moved about a horizontal axis from a vertical position to an oblique position.
In front of the workpiece table 10, on the operator's side of the machine saw, there is a movable workpiece carriage 20 which is guided horizontally parallel to the cutting plane 16. This carriage 20 is guided on a guide body 22 which preferably has a U-shaped cross-section and which is seated on a frame 24 attached to the front of the workpiece table 10.
On the upward-projecting U-legs 26,28 of the guide body, the carriage 20 is guided by means of a guide device which, in the present embodiment, comprises two ball guides 30, 32 which are arranged parallel at a mutual separation, extend parallel to the cutting plane 16 and are mutually connected rigidly to one another. The mutual connection is not shown.
These ball guides are provided with a multiplicity of steel balls 34 which can roll both on the U-legs 26, 28 of the guide body 22 of the frame 24 and on the underside of the carriage 20 along guide channels which are each formed by a pair of cylindrical hardened and ground steel guide rods 36, 38 and 40, 42 respectively, which lie parallel and mutually separated.
Parallel longitudinal grooves 44, 46 and 48, 50 are made in the top side of the U-legs 26, 28 of the guide body 22 and into the facing part of the underside of the carriage for fitting the steel guide rods, the longitudinal grooves being located in pairs opposite to one another in a common vertical plane. Their width is such that the steel guide rods can be fitted in them without sideways play. The depth of the grooves is such that a part of the circumference of the steel guide rods projects beyond the underside 52 of the carriage 20 or beyond the top side 54 of the U-legs 26, 28 to such an extent that the steel balls 34 guided between the steel guide rods do not come into contact with these sides.
The steel guide rods 36-42 are fixed in the longitudinal grooves 44-50 by means of blows with a centre punch applied along them for point compression of the groove edges.
The steel balls 34 are arranged in perforations corresponding to their diameter in a common ball strip 56, the thickness of which is smaller than the distance between mutually opposed pairs of steel guide rods 36 and 40, 38 and 42. This ball strip holds the steel balls 34 mutually separated, preferably at equal distances. The length of this ball strip corresponds to approximately one-third of the length of the steel guide rods.
The diameter of the balls is preferably 10 mm; this has a favourable effect on the height of the guide, since the guide tracks can be brought very close to the workpiece supporting surface of the carriage 20.
As can be seen from the drawing, the carriage 20, also has lower restraining rollers 58, 60 mounted on inward facing surfaces of the carriage and running on undersurfaces 62, 64 of the guide body 22. The longitudinal wall parts 66, 68 of the carriage which carry the restraining rollers extend past the ball guides 30, 32 outside them. The ball guides are thereby protected from dirt and dust penetrating from the side.
The illustrated guide device allows longitudinal movement of the carriage with precise sideways location and restraint. The multiplicity of the steel balls present provides a correspondingly large number of load-bearing points, so that the carriage runs easily. The fitting of the ball guides is very simple. Their steel guide rods have to be fixed in the appropriate longitudinal grooves in the manner described and then the ball strips 56 fitted with the steel balls 34 have to be placed onto the steel guide rods of the guide body 22 before the carriage is placed onto the guide body 22 of the frame 24. The ball strips are preferably of such a design that the steel balls are held rotatably in the perforations thereof, in a manner similar to a ball cage.The weight of the carriage ensures a constant compensation of tolerances, that is to say freedom from play, without a special adjustment device.
When the carriage 20 is moved, the steel guide rods 40, 42 provided on its underside are always covered. However, the guide rods of the guide body 22 are exposed from above in places. The guide channels formed by them can advantageously be protected from dirt by fitting appropriate scraping devices on the ends of the carriage.
It is clear that, as stated above, one ball guide can be sufficient for the desired straight guiding of the carriage. In this case, it would be possible, for example, to provide an arrangement of supporting rollers which are supported on the top side of the U-leg 28 of the guide body 22, in place of the ball guide 32.
If the carriage is particularly wide, more than two ball guides can be provided parallel and spaced apart.

Claims (6)

1. A machine saw having a movable workpiece carriage supported for longitudinal movement on a frame, there being a guide track on an upwardly facing surface of the frame, a guide track on a downwardly facing surface of the carriage, the guide tracks being opposed to each other, and a ball guide engaging and running in both guide tracks, each said guide track having a pair of parallel guiding strips extending in the direction of movement of the carriage and the said ball guide having at least two balls of equal diameter spaced on the direction of movement of the carriage and extending through holes in a holding member, the balls of the ball guide running on and between the strips of the tracks, whereby the carriage is supported, at least in part, and is restrained from sideways movement by the said tracks and balls.
2. A machine saw according to claim 1 in which the said guide strips are cylindrical steel guide rods which are fixed without play in longitudinal grooves made in the said upwardly facing surface of the frame and in the said downwardly facing surface of the carriage, a part of the circumference of the wires projecting from the grooves.
3. A machine saw according to claim 1 or claim 2 in which said tracks and ball guide are located at one side of the frame and the carriage is supported on the frame at the other side by rollers.
4. A machine saw according to claim 1 or claim 2, in which the carriage is supported on the frame by means of at least two sets of said tracks and ball guide, arranged parallel and spaced from each other.
5. A machine saw according to claim 4 in which the said ball guides of the different sets are rigidly connected to one another.
6. A machine saw substantially as herein described with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
GB08305285A 1983-02-25 1983-02-25 A linear ball-bearing for guiding a workpiece carriage of a machine saw Withdrawn GB2136062A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB08305285A GB2136062A (en) 1983-02-25 1983-02-25 A linear ball-bearing for guiding a workpiece carriage of a machine saw

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB08305285A GB2136062A (en) 1983-02-25 1983-02-25 A linear ball-bearing for guiding a workpiece carriage of a machine saw

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB8305285D0 GB8305285D0 (en) 1983-03-30
GB2136062A true GB2136062A (en) 1984-09-12

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB08305285A Withdrawn GB2136062A (en) 1983-02-25 1983-02-25 A linear ball-bearing for guiding a workpiece carriage of a machine saw

Country Status (1)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3504061A1 (en) * 1985-02-07 1986-08-07 Werner Jacob LINEAR BEARING SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SUCH SYSTEMS
EP0687520A1 (en) * 1994-05-18 1995-12-20 SCM S.p.A. Sliding table for machine tools, especially for woodworking machines
BE1015075A3 (en) * 2002-08-14 2004-09-07 Werkhuizen Landuyt Work bench for machine tool, especially for machining wood, has guide devices between upper and lower parts of bench releasably secured inside holder via fasteners

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB385216A (en) * 1931-07-09 1932-12-22 Leitz Ernst Gmbh Improvements in or relating to anti-friction bearings
GB655961A (en) * 1948-12-07 1951-08-08 Dexter & Co High Wycombe Ltd Improvements in and relating to linear bearings
GB1306875A (en) * 1969-04-25 1973-02-14 Ver Flugtechnische Werke Variable height work platform
GB1450375A (en) * 1974-02-27 1976-09-22 Altendorf Maschbau Wilhelm Roller carriage assembly

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB385216A (en) * 1931-07-09 1932-12-22 Leitz Ernst Gmbh Improvements in or relating to anti-friction bearings
GB655961A (en) * 1948-12-07 1951-08-08 Dexter & Co High Wycombe Ltd Improvements in and relating to linear bearings
GB1306875A (en) * 1969-04-25 1973-02-14 Ver Flugtechnische Werke Variable height work platform
GB1450375A (en) * 1974-02-27 1976-09-22 Altendorf Maschbau Wilhelm Roller carriage assembly

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3504061A1 (en) * 1985-02-07 1986-08-07 Werner Jacob LINEAR BEARING SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SUCH SYSTEMS
WO1986004651A1 (en) * 1985-02-07 1986-08-14 Werner Jacob Support for roller-type load-carrier and process for its manufacture
JPH0684767B2 (en) * 1985-02-07 1994-10-26 ヤ−コプ、ウエルナ− Rolling type load carrier bearing and manufacturing method thereof
EP0687520A1 (en) * 1994-05-18 1995-12-20 SCM S.p.A. Sliding table for machine tools, especially for woodworking machines
BE1015075A3 (en) * 2002-08-14 2004-09-07 Werkhuizen Landuyt Work bench for machine tool, especially for machining wood, has guide devices between upper and lower parts of bench releasably secured inside holder via fasteners

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB8305285D0 (en) 1983-03-30

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