GB2122243A

GB2122243A - A shuttering support for concrete structures

Info

Publication number: GB2122243A
Application number: GB08311150A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Hugo Mathis
Original assignee: Rund Stahl Bau & Co GmbH; Rund Stahl Bau GmbH
Current assignee: Rund Stahl Bau & Co GmbH; Rund Stahl Bau GmbH
Priority date: 1982-04-23
Filing date: 1983-04-25
Publication date: 1984-01-11
Also published as: NL8301346A; DE3313347A1; CH661767A5; ATA159282A; AT394239B; GB8311150D0; DE3313347C2

Abstract

The shuttering support (1) comprises a supporting profile (2) and a reinforcing structure or bracing structure (4). The shape of the supporting profile (2) corresponds to that of the required shuttering and is curved, bent or angled in one plane or three dimensionally, and/or its longitudinal axis is twisted. After the supporting profile (2) has been shaped so as to conform to the required shape for shuttering the reinforcing structure or bracing structure 4 is fixed to it. When the shuttering support (1) has thus been assembled, the shuttering lining (3) made of sheet metal, synthetic plastics material or of wooden boards (5) is fixed to it. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION A shuttering support The invention reiates to a shuttering support for the support and attachment of a shuttering lining, comprising a supporting profile for a shuttering lining and a reinforcing structure, which supports and strengthens the supporting profile, or a bracing structure which lies adjacent to the supporting profile.

A very wide variety of shuttering supports are known and usually consist of an upper flange and a lower flange and also of reinforcing struts which are positioned between the two flanges and are, for example, in the form of profiled elements which define a truss-like structure. Such shuttering supports are, with advantage, suitable for the production of plane walls, ceilings or the like. However, difficulties are experienced when it is necessary to produce a shuttering required for making complicated, curved concrete structures especially ones with multiple curves therein. In the case of such difficult shuttering it has hitherto been necessary to form a substructure to absorb the forces encountered, layered structures or superstructures, corresponding to the contour of the concrete building structure to be formed, being provided on these substructures.Finally a wooden or metal shuttering lining couid be fixed to the layered structures or superstructures. A shuttering structure of this kind is complicated and labour intensive.

According to the invention there is provided a shuttering support for supporting a shuttering lining and securing the latter in position comprising a supporting profile for a shuttering lining and a reinforcing structure which supports and strengthens the supporting profile or a bracing structure which lies adjacent to the supporting profile, wherein the supporting profile is, in accordance with the required shape of the shuttering, curved, bent or angled in one plane or three dimensionally, and/or the longitudinal axis of the supporting profile is of twisted contour, the reinforcing or bracing structure follows the contour of the supporting profile, and the shuttering lining can be fixed, on the side of the shuttering profile, to the shuttering support when the latter has been curved, bent, angled or twisted, and assembled.

Hence it is possible to provide a shuttering support which is, in particular suitable for carrying out shuttering work needed for producing complicated curved concrete building structures, with single or multiple curves.

By means of the provisions of the invention the load bearing substructure is combined with the shape imparting substructure of the shuttering lining. When shuttering is to be provided for a concrete structure supporting profiles are curved, in one plane or three dimensionally, or twisted, at the required intervals. The necessary reinforcing profiles can then be juxtaposed to these supporting profiles and attached to the latter.

Thus, the required shape of the shuttering is obtained when the shuttering supports themsleves are produced. Shuttering work at the building site is in this way very appreciably simplified.

Preferred and/or optional features of the invention are set forth in claims 2-19.

The invention will now be more particularly described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a perspective view of a shuttering unit having two shuttering supports embodying the invention but with the reinforcing structure omitted for the sake of simplicity.

Figure 2 is a plan view of the shuttering unit shown in Figure 1; the reinforcing structure is shown in this Figure.

Figures 3, 4 and 6 are cross-sections taken through various embodiments of a supporting profile, while Figures 5 and 7 are plan views of the supporting profile shown in Figures 4 and 6 respectively.

Figure 8 is a plan view of another embodiment of a shuttering support according to the invention; in this view the shuttering lining has been placed in position.

Figure 9 is a plan view of a detail of the shuttering support shown in Figure 8; and Figure 10 is a plan view of another embodiment of a supporting profile.

Figure 11 is a vertical cross-section taken through the supporting profile of Figure 10; and Figure 12 is a front elevation of part of the supporting profile of Figure 10.

Figure 13 shows the supporting profile of Figure 10 in use in a shuttering unit; and Figure 14 is another embodiment of a shuttering support according to the invention.

Referring now to the drawings, the shuttering support 1 shown in Figures 1 and 2 consists of a supporting profile 2 for supporting a shuttering lining 3, and a reinforcing structure 4. The shuttering lining shown in Figures 1 and 2 is formed from individual shuttering boards 5. Naturally, the shuttering lining may also be formed from metal, e.g.

from sheet metal. It is possible to usc instead of an assembly of boards having parallel edges or tapered edges (in a tongue and groove assembly)-an economical form of shuttering in which use is made of laths which, for example, may have a mutual spacing of about 5 to 6 cm. A thin, deformable shuttering lining is then placed against this assembly of laths.

It is an essential feature of the shuttering support that the supporting profile 2 conforms to the shape required of the shuttering unit. Thus, the supporting profile 2 may be curved, bent or angled in one plane or three dimensionally. Also, if it should be found necessary, the longitudinal axis of the supporting profile 2 may be of twisted contour. Further, it is particularly important that the reinforcing structure 4 connected to the supporting profile 2 follows the contour of the latter; this is particularly true of the edge region of the reinforcing structure 4 lying closest to the supporting profile 2. This is because, in the case of the present invention, the reinforcing structure is manufactured in a number of different ways in accordance with particular requirements.

The shuttering supports can be manufactured very simply. Firstly, the supporting profiles 2 are curved or twisted in one plane or in three dimensional form, so that the supporting profiles 2 are given the final shape required for the shuttering unit. The reinforcing structure 4, for example in the form of a steel lattice structure or of a braided or twisted structure is then assembled; the supporting profile 2 and the reinforcing structure 4 are made fast with each other, for example by welding. Naturally, these elements can be attached to each other by screwing or riveting. However, welding is particularly suitable, for effecting a quick and strong attachment between these elements.

Thus, the form of construction proposed by the invention may entail a type of throwaway (expendable) structure, with the reinforcing structure welded thereto, as is illustrated in the embodiment of Figures 1 and 2. In the case of the embodiment shown in Figure 8 and 9, which will be described in detail below, the shuttering support can be used a number of times, and its structure is susceptible of modification on each of the occasions of use.

According to the particular geometrical shape of the concrete element or structure to be produced by the shuttering, the latter may be used without fixing elements passing through it; this is particularly true in the case of bodies presenting rotation symmetry. In the case of shuttering units which are differently shaped from this, or shuttering units having lining on only one of their sides, it is necessary to provide, at suitable invervals, fixing elements which pass through the shuttering unit.

The supporting profiles 2 may be formed by bending a single profile element; it is also possible to reinforce these supporting profiles 2 by a second profiled element. in the case of the embodiment shown in Figure 3 the supporting profile 2 consists of two profiled bars 6 and 7 which have been curved, bent, angled or twisted so as to correspond to the required contour. The profiled bar 6 is in the form of a U-section supporting strip which is open for application of the shuttering lining, while the other rear profiled bar 7 is in the form of a hollow section bar. When two such profiled bars 6 and 7 are juxtaposed to one another to form a supporting profile, it is desirable to make these two profiled bars 6 and 7 fast with one another, e.g. by welding.It is desirable to effect this attachment only after the curving, bending, angling or twisting work has been carried out: when the two supporting profiles have been fast with one another the required rigidity will have been obtained.

A particularly satisfactory form of construction is realised if the supporting profile 2 is open at its delimiting surface to which a shuttering lining is to be applied, this surface being open at least for part of the width of the supporting profile 2 and for its whole length. This form of construction is realized by the use of-a U-section supporting profile, as illustrated in Figure 3. A wooden inlay 8 is inserted into this open side of the supporting profile 2. This wooden inlay 8 may consist of a wooden strip, which is in the form of a single unit and extends the whole length of the U-section support and over the whole cross-section of it.

Another, satisfactory embodiment consists in forming the wooden inlay 8 as two or mutually superposed wooden strips 9, as the correspondingly thinner wooden strips 9 accommodate more easily to the required curvature, or bent shape, of the supporting profile 2.

The wooden inlay 8 is made fast with the supporting profile 2, e.g. by means of screws 1 0.

Particular advantages are associated with this form of construction of the supporting profile. It results in either a three dimensional or a plane shuttering support, whose upper surface (as seen in Figure 3) simultaneously constitutes a nailing surface for the shuttering lining. When the shuttering support has been given the required shape and the supporting profile 2 attached to the reinforcing structure 4, it is merely necessary to insert the wooden inlay 8 and to secure it in position. The wooden or other shuttering lining is then directly nailed onto the wooden inlay of the supporting profile 2.

Naturally, it is possible, within the ambit of the invention, to equip, in the same way, a plane shuttering support with a supporting profile of this kind and with a wooden inlay of this kind. Further, it is also possible that, according to the concrete profile to be produced, rectilinear sections of the supporting profile may be required between the curved, bent, angled or twisted sections of this supporting profile. Naturally, such rectilinear sections of the supporting profile can then be constructed in the way provided for according to the present invention. In the case of the embodiment illustrated in Figures 4 and 5 the supporting profile 2 is, again, open at its delimiting surface on which a shuttering lining is to be applied, this open delimiting surface being used for the insertion of a wooden inlay 8.In the case of this embodiment the supporting profile 2 is formed from two L-section elements 11, 12 which together define a U-profile open on the side at which the shuttering lining is to be applied.

These L-section elements 11, 12 are secured to each other by means of attachment strips 1 5 in the region of the co-planar flanges 13 and 14.

The wooden inlay 8 may be screwed into place in the vicinity of the attachment strips 1 5. A supporting profile 2 as constructed in the embodiments shown in Figures 4 and 5 has also been used in the case of the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2.

Another embodiment of supporting profile 2 is illustrated in Figures 6 and 7. These Figures show two U-section supporting members 16, 17 whose open sides face each other. Attachment strips 1 8 are provided for attachment of these U-section supporting members 16, 1 7 to one another. In this way there is produced a supporting profile 2 having a constricted front opening so that, if required, a wooden inlay 8 can be slid in from the side. Naturally it will also be possible, in the case of this embodiment, to initially curve or bend the U-section supporting members 16, 1 7 to the required shape, and then insert the wooden inlay 8 and weld the attachment strips 18 in place, in this.embodiment too provision is made, in the region of these attachment strips 18, for screwing the wooden inlay 8 into position.

As is clear from Figures 3 to 7 the shape of the supporting profile 8 may differ in various ways. Thus, these supporting profiles 2 can be in the form of individual U-section supporting members. U-section supporting members formed from more than one profile section element, or supporting profiles composed of a number of profile bars. It is satisfactory if, in the case of all these modifications, wooden inlays 8 are introduced into the openings of the supporting profile 2 situated on the side at which the shuttering lining is to be applied.

In the embodiment illustrated in Figures 8 and 9 the supporting profile-which may be of similar construction to the embodiments shown in Figures 3 to 7 for example, and thus may be fitted with a wooden inlay-is formed from a number of mutually juxtaposed supporting profile sections 19, which are connected to one another in such a way as to be capable of pivoting relative to one another. For this purpose hinge-like joints 20 are provided between the individual supporting profile sections 1 9. The shorter the length of these supporting profile sections 1 9 the less abrupt will be the stepped transition in the case of corresponding concrete structures. It will be readily apparent that this embodiment enables a wide variety of shapes of the shuttering support to be rapidly arrived at.Thus, it is entirely feasible for the individual supporting profile sections 1 9 to be rectilinear or to be provided with a suitable curvature. A particular advantage resides in the fact that each of these supporting profile sections 1 9 is rigidly attached to a reinforcing structure section 21. Each of these reinforcing structure sections 21 may for example be formed from two profiled elements 22 which extend from the region of the ends of the supporting profile sections 19 and converge towards one another, so as to meet defining an acute angle. This embodiment provides a very simple form of construction.

In order to enable the shuttering support to be finally locked in the shape which has been selected, the free ends of the reinforcing structure sections 21 are supported, relative to one another by means of attachment members 23 of adjustable length. In order to enable the reinforcing structure sections 21 to be rigidly supported relative to one another, these attachment members 23 may be constituted as screwthreaded spindles 24 which pivotably engage a support bearing located at the free end of the reinforcing structure sections 21.In order to enable simple adjustment of the relative p6sitioning of the supporting profile sections 1 9-and in order to enable the supporting profile sections 1 9 to be simply locked in their adjusted relative positioning-the screwthreaded spindles 24 engaging adjacent reinforcing structure sections 21 are provided with oppositely directed screw-threads, the free ends of each pair of screwthreaded spindles 24 engaging in a sleeve 25 which is provided with two sections ot mutually oppositely directed screwthreading. If this sleeve 25 is rotated in one direction, the screwthreaded spindles 24 move outwardly from the screwthreaded sleeve 25. If, on the other hand, the sleeve 25 is rotated in the opposite direction, the ends of the screwthreaded spindles 24 are drawn into the sleeve 25.Naturally, if attachment members 23 of differing lengths are used, this must be matched by the use of screwthreaded spindles 24 of correspondingly different lengths.

Naturally, it would be possible, within the ambit of the invention, to replace the adjustable attachment members 23 by non-adjustable profiled members for welding, screwing or riveting to the reinforcing structure sections 21.

However, the shuttering support can be more quickly adjusted to different shapes by the use of attachment members 23 whose length is variable.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 10 the supporting profile 2 consists of two strips 30, 31 of flat cross-section, which may for example be formed from a single iron strip of flat crosssection or of a reinforced structure in the form of two mutually superposed strips each of which are of flat cross-section. Spacing profiled elements 32 are inserted between these two flat crosssection strips 30, 31. The cross-sectional shape of the spacing profiles 32 may differ, as is clear from Figure 10. Thus, the spacing profiles may be in the form of short, hollow section elements and U-section elements. At least the outer flat profile 31 is provided with slots 33. Naturally, the inner flat profile 13 may also have slots 33.After the flat profiles 30 and 31 have been given the required shape so that the supporting profile 2 as a whole has been given its required shape-the two flat profiles 30 are clamped to one another in the region of the spacing profiles 32, screws 34 being used for this purpose. As, when the supporting profile 3 is curvilinear, the mutual positioning of the flat profiles 30 and 31 alters, this alteration in position can be compensated for by means of the slots 33. When the flat section profiles 30 and 31 have been screwed together an intrinsically rigid supporting profile 2 will have been obtained. It is possible, in the case of this embodiment, to fix a wooden strip 8 directly to the supporting profile structure. If it is desired to form shuttering for cylindrical concrete structures, clamping structures which follow the contour of the supporting profile suffice in the case of a supporting profile 2 of this kind. To this end a reinforced thrust ring system or tension ring system may be used. This thrust ring system or tension ring system then additionally forms the reinforcing structure or bracing structure juxtaposed to the supporting profile 2.

Thus, in the case of this embodiment, it suffices to loosen screws 34 so that some degree of deformation of the supporting profile 2 can easily be effected. This modified shape of the supporting profile 2 is rendered rigid by tightening the screw 34.

Figure 13 illustrates the use of the type of supporting profile 2 illustrated in Figures 10 to 12.

One possible way of strengthening this type of supporting profile 2, or also supporting profiles of different construction (e.g. of the type illustrated in Figures 1 to 7), by a reinforcing structure is illustrated in Figure 14. This embodiment is very simple from the manufacturing point of view. The supporting profile 2 is given the desired shape; for this purpose the supporting profile 2 may be made so that it is suitably flexible or can be easily bent. The reinforcing structure is formed from a profiled bar 35 which lies at a distance from the supporting profile 2 and is also susceptible of bending, and also from bracing bars positioned between the supporting profile 2 and the profile bar 35. The bracing bars 36 form a bracing structure between the profiled bar 35 and the supporting profile 2.It is clear from the drawing that the individual bracing bars 36 are all of the same length and are pivotably connected to one another at their ends. The bracing bars 36 can be rigidly attached to the supporting profile 2 and the profiled bar 35 in the region of these attachment points 37, thereby resulting in an intrinsically rigid reinforcing structure 4. As the bracing bars 36 are all of the same length, the mutual spacing of the attachment point 37 will differ according to the particular shape given to a shuttering support of this kind. Accordingly, the bracing bar 36 can be made fast to the supporting profile 2 or to the profile bar 25 with the use of suitable screws or with the additional use of clamping pieces 38.

These clamping pieces 38 are slidable along the supporting profile 2 or also along the profile bar 35. Tightening of the screws results in a secure attachment.

The present invention enables complicated, multiply or singly curved concrete structures to be manufactured, and with simple shuttering techniques; in particular, work at the buildling site itself can be carried out with appreciably improved simplicity.

Claims

1. A shuttering support for supporting a shuttering lining and securing the latter in position, comprising a supporting profile for a shuttering lining and a reinforcing structure which supports and strengthens the supporting profile or a bracing structure which lies adjacent to the supporting profile, wherein the supporting profile is, in accordance with the required shape of the shuttering, curved, bent or angled in one plane or three dimensionally, and/or the longitudinal axis of the supporting profile is of twisted contour, the reinforcing or bracing structure follows the contour of the supporting profile, and the shuttering lining can be fixed, on the side of the shuttering profile, to the shuttering support when the latter has been curved, bent, angled or twisted, and assembled.

2. A shuttering support as claimed in claim 1, wherein the supporting profile is formed from one or more profile bars which have been curved, bent, angled or twisted so as to assume the required contour.

3. A shuttering support as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the supporting profile is made fast with the reinforcing structure.

4. A shuttering support as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a wooden facing or wooden insert is fixed to the shuttering support at the surface of the latter against which the shuttering lining is to be applied.

5. A shuttering support as claimed in claim 4, wherein at the delimiting surface of the supporting profile, which forms a surface against which a shuttering lining is to be applied, the supporting profile is open over at least part of its width and along its whole length; and a wooden insert is provided in this open face.

6. A shuttering support as claimed in any one of claims 1-5, wherein the supporting profile is formed from a U-section supporting member open at the side at which the shuttering lining is to be applied.

7. A shuttering support as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the supporting profile comprises two L-section members which together define a U-profile which is open towards the side at which a shuttering lining is to be applied, and attachment strips which are disposed between coplanar flanged of the two L-section members.

8. A shuttering support as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the supporting profile is formed from a U-section supporting member which is open at the side at which the shuttering lining is to be applied, and of a hollow section member positioned remote from the open side of the U-section member, the U-section member and the hollow section member being secured to each other.

9. A shuttering support as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the supporting profile is in the form of two mutually spaced flat section elements, or of two reinforced elements each comprising two flat section elements, profiled spacing elements being disposed at intervals in the longitudinal direction between these flat section elements, or between these reinforced elements; and the two flat section elements of the supporting profile are connected to each other in the region of each of the profile spacing elements.

10. A shuttering support as claimed in claim 9, wherein at least one of the flat section elements of the supporting profile is provided with longitudinal slots for receiving threaded fasteners.

11. A shuttering support as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein a wooden insert is provided in the open side of the supporting profile (the side at which the shuttering lining is to be applied) and is screwed fast to the supporting profile.

12. A shuttering support according to-any one of claims 4, 5 and 11, wherein the wooden insert is formed from two or more mutually superposed wooden strips.

1 3. A shuttering support according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the reinforcing structure is formed from profiled elements which are attached to one another to form a truss-like structure.

14. A shuttering support according to any one of the preceding clams, wherein the supporting profile is formed from a plurality of mutually adjacent supporting profile sections which are connected to one another in such a manner as to be pivotable relative to one another.

1 5. A shuttering support as claimed in claim 14, wherein the individual supporting profile sections are rigidly attached to respective reinforcing structure sections, the free ends of the reinforcing structure sections being supported relative to each other, by way of adjustable-length attachment members.

16. A shuttering support as claimed in claim 15, wherein the attachment members are constituted as screwthreaded spindles which pivotably engage a support bearing at the free end of the reinforcing structure section.

1 7. A shuttering support as claimed in claim 16, wherein the screwthreaded spindles engaging adjacent reinforcing structure-sections are equipped with oppositely directed screwthreads, the free ends of each pair of screwthreaded spindles engaging in a sleeve having two sections, which have oppositely directed screwthreads.

18. A shuttering support as claimed in any one of claims 1 5 to 17, wherein the reinforcing structure sections are each formed from two profiled elements which extend from the region of the ends of the supporting profile sections and meet each other at an acute angle.

19. A shuttering support as claimed in claim 13, wherein the supporting profile, and a bar which belongs to the reinforcing structure and is positioned at a distance from the supporting profile, are formed from easily bendable profile bars, and there is inserted, between the profiled bars, a truss-like structure of bracing bars, which are of equal length and are pivotably attached to each other at their ends; and the attachment points of the bracing bars can be rigidly attached to the supporting profile and the profiled bar which'belongs to the reinforcing structure and is spaced from the supporting profile.

20. A shuttering support for supporting a shuttering lining and securing the latter in position, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to any one of the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.