GB2074779A - Lead-acid batteries and gelled electrolyte therefor - Google Patents
Lead-acid batteries and gelled electrolyte therefor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2074779A GB2074779A GB8112760A GB8112760A GB2074779A GB 2074779 A GB2074779 A GB 2074779A GB 8112760 A GB8112760 A GB 8112760A GB 8112760 A GB8112760 A GB 8112760A GB 2074779 A GB2074779 A GB 2074779A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- gelled electrolyte
- lead
- cells
- electrolyte according
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims description 92
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims description 26
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium acetate Chemical compound N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005695 Ammonium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940043376 ammonium acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019257 ammonium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical group [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 2
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 24
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical group OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000369 cadmium(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011245 gel electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 hydroxyl ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCUOBSQYDGUHHT-UHFFFAOYSA-L cadmium sulfate Chemical compound [Cd+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QCUOBSQYDGUHHT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
- H01M10/08—Selection of materials as electrolytes
- H01M10/10—Immobilising of electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
- H01M50/491—Porosity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/143,967 US4317872A (en) | 1980-04-25 | 1980-04-25 | Lead acid battery with gel electrolyte |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2074779A true GB2074779A (en) | 1981-11-04 |
Family
ID=22506490
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8112760A Withdrawn GB2074779A (en) | 1980-04-25 | 1981-04-24 | Lead-acid batteries and gelled electrolyte therefor |
Country Status (7)
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2546626A1 (fr) * | 1983-05-26 | 1984-11-30 | Teledyne Ind | Electrolyte liquide en poudre pour capteurs electrochimiques et son procede de fabrication |
| EP0092430A3 (en) * | 1982-04-20 | 1985-10-09 | Evans Adlard & Company Limited | Glass fibre paper separator for electrochemical cells |
| GB2383678A (en) * | 2001-12-29 | 2003-07-02 | Hawker Batteries Ltd | Improvements in or relating to energy storage devices |
Families Citing this family (29)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4477403A (en) * | 1983-05-26 | 1984-10-16 | Teledyne Industries, Inc. | Method of making an electrochemical sensor |
| US4889778A (en) * | 1987-07-29 | 1989-12-26 | C & D Power Systems, Inc. | Alkali metal polysilica gel electrolyte lead-acid battery and method for making the same |
| US4871428A (en) * | 1988-03-24 | 1989-10-03 | C & D Charter Power Systems, Inc. | Method for in situ forming lead-acid batteries having absorbent separators |
| US5020621A (en) * | 1989-12-19 | 1991-06-04 | Martin Christopher V | Electric motor powered skateboard with integral brakes |
| US5091275A (en) * | 1990-04-25 | 1992-02-25 | Evanite Fiber Corporation | Glass fiber separator and method of making |
| US5202196A (en) * | 1990-04-26 | 1993-04-13 | Lianxiang Wang | High capacity colloidal storage battery, a collodial electrolyte used in it, and the processes for producing them |
| US5401596A (en) * | 1991-10-14 | 1995-03-28 | Stoilov; Georgi T. | Hermetically sealed dry accumulator |
| US5851695A (en) | 1992-02-10 | 1998-12-22 | C & D Technologies, Inc. | Recombinant lead-acid cell and long life battery |
| US5376479A (en) * | 1992-12-03 | 1994-12-27 | Globe-Union Inc. | Lead-acid battery of the absorptive mat type with improved heat transfer |
| US5512065A (en) * | 1993-10-12 | 1996-04-30 | Gnb Battery Technologies Inc. | Methods for assembling lead-acid batteries |
| US5965299A (en) * | 1997-06-23 | 1999-10-12 | North Carolina State University | Composite electrolyte containing surface modified fumed silica |
| US6544689B1 (en) * | 1999-06-30 | 2003-04-08 | North Carolina State University | Composite electrolytes based on smectite clays and high dielectric organic liquids and electrodes |
| WO2002007237A2 (en) * | 2000-07-13 | 2002-01-24 | Hollingsworth & Vose Company | Gel-forming battery separator |
| US7097939B2 (en) | 2001-07-13 | 2006-08-29 | Hollingsworth & Vose Company | Gel-forming battery separator |
| US7682738B2 (en) * | 2002-02-07 | 2010-03-23 | Kvg Technologies, Inc. | Lead acid battery with gelled electrolyte formed by filtration action of absorbent separators and method for producing it |
| US20040018427A1 (en) * | 2002-03-04 | 2004-01-29 | Monconduit Robert A. | Battery life extender additives |
| US6979512B2 (en) * | 2003-03-19 | 2005-12-27 | Phillips Edward D | Colloidal battery |
| US20050084762A1 (en) * | 2003-10-15 | 2005-04-21 | Vaccaro Frank J. | Hybrid gelled-electrolyte valve-regulated lead-acid battery |
| PL1638161T3 (pl) * | 2004-09-16 | 2011-06-30 | Hoppecke Batterien Gmbh & Co Kg | Sposób i urządzenie do wytwarzania bezobsługowego akumulatora z elektrolitem stałym |
| US20060068294A1 (en) * | 2004-09-29 | 2006-03-30 | C&D Charter Holdings, Inc. | Lead acid battery with gelled electrolyte contained within compressed absorbent separator mat and method of making the same |
| CN101167201A (zh) * | 2005-03-31 | 2008-04-23 | 萤火虫能源公司 | 用于储能设备的导流体 |
| DE102005019296A1 (de) * | 2005-04-26 | 2006-11-09 | Deutsche Exide Gmbh | Entgasungsventil für Säurebatterien |
| US7799466B2 (en) * | 2005-12-16 | 2010-09-21 | Hirate Energy Technology Corporation Ltd. | Lead acid battery having lightly gelled electrolyte |
| DE102007050242A1 (de) | 2007-10-20 | 2009-04-23 | Deutsche Exide Gmbh | Separator für Gelelektrolytakkumulatoren |
| US8399134B2 (en) * | 2007-11-20 | 2013-03-19 | Firefly Energy, Inc. | Lead acid battery including a two-layer carbon foam current collector |
| WO2010149265A1 (de) * | 2009-06-25 | 2010-12-29 | Schott Ag | Batterieseparator |
| US20110318629A1 (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2011-12-29 | Ho Marvin C | Separator for lead acid battery |
| CN103972591B (zh) * | 2014-05-16 | 2016-08-31 | 浙江天能电池(江苏)有限公司 | 一种铅酸蓄电池纳米胶体电解液及其制备方法 |
| CN116114084A (zh) | 2020-08-28 | 2023-05-12 | 哈蒙德集团有限公司 | 制造铅酸电池组件的方法 |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1496725A (en) * | 1923-01-19 | 1924-06-03 | William W Moore | Dry storage battery |
| US2181299A (en) * | 1936-05-18 | 1939-11-28 | Electric Storage Battery Co | Microporous separator and process of making the same |
| BE536480A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) * | 1954-05-14 | |||
| DE1571961B2 (de) * | 1965-03-09 | 1973-01-04 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Gasdicht verschlossener Bleiakkumulator mit antimonfreien Plattengittern |
| DE1596176B2 (de) * | 1965-05-28 | 1974-04-18 | Mette, Gerhard, 8000 Muenchen | Verfahren zur Bereitung eines schwefelsauren thixotropen Elektrolyten |
| US3652338A (en) * | 1969-08-22 | 1972-03-28 | Yardney International Corp | Electrochemical system comprising layered silicate film separator |
| US3798070A (en) * | 1972-05-12 | 1974-03-19 | S Ruben | Lead-acid storage battery with titanyl sulfate buffered electrolyte |
| US4140840A (en) * | 1977-05-31 | 1979-02-20 | Samuel Ruben | Lead-sulfuric acid storage battery and grid therefor |
-
1980
- 1980-04-25 US US06/143,967 patent/US4317872A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1981
- 1981-04-15 AU AU69583/81A patent/AU536221B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1981-04-16 IN IN405/CAL/81A patent/IN152961B/en unknown
- 1981-04-24 IT IT48340/81A patent/IT1193780B/it active
- 1981-04-24 GB GB8112760A patent/GB2074779A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1981-04-24 NZ NZ196918A patent/NZ196918A/en unknown
- 1981-04-24 FR FR8108194A patent/FR2481524A1/fr active Granted
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0092430A3 (en) * | 1982-04-20 | 1985-10-09 | Evans Adlard & Company Limited | Glass fibre paper separator for electrochemical cells |
| FR2546626A1 (fr) * | 1983-05-26 | 1984-11-30 | Teledyne Ind | Electrolyte liquide en poudre pour capteurs electrochimiques et son procede de fabrication |
| GB2383678A (en) * | 2001-12-29 | 2003-07-02 | Hawker Batteries Ltd | Improvements in or relating to energy storage devices |
| GB2383678B (en) * | 2001-12-29 | 2005-08-17 | Hawker Batteries Ltd | Improvements in or relating to energy storage devices |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NZ196918A (en) | 1984-03-30 |
| IT8148340A0 (it) | 1981-04-24 |
| AU536221B2 (en) | 1984-04-19 |
| IN152961B (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1984-05-12 |
| FR2481524B1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1984-11-30 |
| FR2481524A1 (fr) | 1981-10-30 |
| IT1193780B (it) | 1988-08-24 |
| AU6958381A (en) | 1981-10-29 |
| US4317872A (en) | 1982-03-02 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |