GB2070880A - A surveying vehicle and a method for surveying the longitudinal profile of tunnels - Google Patents
A surveying vehicle and a method for surveying the longitudinal profile of tunnels Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2070880A GB2070880A GB8102387A GB8102387A GB2070880A GB 2070880 A GB2070880 A GB 2070880A GB 8102387 A GB8102387 A GB 8102387A GB 8102387 A GB8102387 A GB 8102387A GB 2070880 A GB2070880 A GB 2070880A
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- surveying
- distance
- measuring instrument
- vehicle
- longitudinal
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/89—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C7/00—Tracing profiles
- G01C7/06—Tracing profiles of cavities, e.g. tunnels
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
Railway tunnels, cuttings and similar narrow passages are surveyed by a distance-measuring instrument 17 which is moved along the passage and is associated with an odometer 9. The instrument 17 consists of a laser transmitter 19 and a receiver 20 with a common optical axis 21 in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the passage. During each run of the apparatus along the passage, the optical axis 21 is at a fixed angular setting so that the instrument 17 measures a particular longitudinal profile of the passage. The instrument makes several runs, measuring a different longitudinal profile 32-37 each time. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
A surveying vehicle and a method for surveying the longitudinal profile of tunnels
This invention relates to a travelling on-track surveying vehicle comprising an arrangementforthe substantially continuous, contactless surveying of the longitudinal profile of tunnels, cuttings and similar narrow passages, comprising at least one distance-measuring unit formed by a laser transmitter and receiver and arranged on a chassis which advances continuously, particularly under its own power, and - connected to this distance-measuring instrument- units for indicating or recording and, optionally, storing the profile survey data and further comprising an odometer connected to these units.
Applicant's U.S. Patent No. 4,179,216 already describes a travelling on-track surveying vehicle which, for the contactless surveying of the transverse profile of tunnels or the like, comprising a laser distance-measuring instrument which is mounted for rotation about an axis parallel to the axis of the track and which is designed to be rotated in synchronism with the distance travelled, scanning the wall of the tunnel with the laser beam which follows a helical path. The surveying operation provides a number of successive individual transverse profile recordings of which each extends over the entire profile and which are recorded and stored in analog and/or digital form by a suitable data storage medium.Evaluation of the survey data provides information on the transverse profile over the entire survey zone, on the position of the track relative to the tunnel axis and on local deformation or narrowing of the tunnel profile.
In addition, British Patent No. 1,468,566 describes a travelling on-track tunnel surveying vehicle which, for determining the longitudinal profile, is equipped with one or more laser distance-measuring instruments of which each scans the wall of the tunnel along a surface line. Each of these distancemeasuring instruments consists of a laser transmit ter emitting in a fixed direction perpendicular to the tunnel axis and of an image evaluator which is arranged at a longitudinal interval from the laser transmitter and which comprises a slotted disc driven at a high rotational speed by an electric motor, an optical system for projecting onto the slotted disc the light spot produced on the wall of the tunnel by the laser transmitter, receiver elements in the form of photomultipliers associated with the slots and a counter controlled by these receiver elements.Apart from the fact that each of these distance-measuring instruments is difficult and expensive to construct, the arrangement of the image evaluator at a distance from the laser transmitter and the resulting divergence of the optical axes of the laser transm itter and the image evaluator, in conjunction with the measuring principle applied, give rise to considerable inaccuracies and sources of error which prevent profile survey work from being carried out with the high precision required by railway authorities. These inaccuracies arise out of the indirect measurement of distance by scanning of the laser light spot with its finite dimensions by a receiver beam extending at an acute angle to this light spot.
Swiss Patent No. 522,204 describes anothertravelling on-track vehicle for surveying the profile of tun nelscomprising a measuring arrangement which is arranged for lateral adjustment on the vehicle and which comprises a lasertransmitter for producing two laser beams converging towards the wall of the tunnel. By laterally adjusting the measuring arrangement, the two laser beams can be made to meet on the wall of the tunnel so that a single laser light spot is formed thereon.For surveying a longitudinal profile line while the surveying vehicle is moving continuously along the track, either the distance of the measuring arrangement from the wall of the tunnel has to be kept constant by continuous correction of its lateral position relative to the vehicle or the continuously changing interval between the two laser light spots, which now no longer coincide with one another, has to be continuously measured and recorded. Apart from the considerable operational and control problems which arise in particular where the second of these two alternatives is adopted, this method of surveying longitudinal profiles - on account of the error sources inherent in the measuring principle- provides only an unsatisfactory result of which the error spread undoubtably lies outside the predetermined tolerances.
The object of the present invention is to provide a surveying vehicle of the type mentioned at the beginning which enables longitudinal profiles to be surveyed much more quickly and accurately in accordance with practical requirements and which is distinguished by its particular simplicity and reliability in operation.According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the distance-measuring instrument provided for surveying the longitudinal profile is formed by a common arrangement of the laser transmitter and receiver with a common optical axis extending in a plane perpendicularto the track or tunnel axis and - for continuous and step-by-step or uninterrupted longitudinal surveying - is connected to the odometer through a control element and is designed to be adjusted and locked in position for surveying different longitudinal profiles within at least one sector of the transverse profile.
Through the invention, the extreme precision of laser distance-measuring instruments with a common optical axis for the laser transmitter and receiver is utilised for the first time in a surprisingly advantageous manner for directly and substantially continuously surveying the longitudinal profile of tunnels or the like. In addition to increased accuracy, this method of measuring longitudinal profiles provides survey data which can be conveniently evaluated in various ways and which can be reproduced at any time by virtue of the fixed setting of the distance-measuring instrument and which, in the course of subsequent comparison measurements, provide exact information on any change in the longitudinal profile or in the position of the track relative to the tunnel axis.Since, for each position in which the distance-measuring instrument is set, each survey point is exactly associated with a certain point of the track by virtue of the fact that the instrument is controlled and triggered in dependence upon the distance travelled, it is also. possible with considerable advantage to carry out individual surveying runs at considerable -me intervals without any averse affect upon the accuracy of the overall result of ail the surveying runs required to complete the survey program. Accordingly, it is possible - particularly on busy main lines -to carry out surveying runs (with the distance-measuring instrument in a different setting for each run) solely during the intervals between trains, so that track possession is unnecessary or at least can be considerably shortened.
In addition, the invention provides for extremely rational operation because the longitudinal profile survey can be confined to certain sectors of the transverse profile which are of interest in the case in question, thereby avoiding unnecessary surveying work and enabling the time required to complete the entire survey program to be considerably reduced.
Thus, where the object of the exercise is simply to examine the possibility of a load limit as determined by a loading gauge being exceeded, i.e. the transport of goods with contours projecting beyond the standard clearance profile, it is sufficient to confine the longitudinal profile survey to those sectors of the transverse profile of which the distance from the contour of the goods being transported is reduced by exceeding of the stipulated load profile in relation to the standard clearance profile. In the majority of cases, this only involves the upper lateral regions of the tunnel curve.
In either case, it is also possible to determine the transverse profile over the sector in question or the entire transverse profile from a number of longitudinal profile surveys at virtually any point along the track.
Further advantages of the invention arise out of the very simple construction of the arrangement and the use of lasers which have frequently proved to be successful. Finally, it is also possible to equip existing track vehicles, including in particular permanent-way machines, with an arrangement according to the invention.
In one particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the distance-measuring instrument is mounted for rotation about a shaft parallel to the axis of the track and is connected to or provided with an adjusting element capable of being locked in selectable angular positions, for example a disc or the like adjustable according to an angle scale.This arrangement, which also enables the angle of inclination of the optical axis of the distance-measuring instrument to be manually adjusted with the necessary accuracy, is distinguished not only by its structural simplicity, but also by the fact that, where the axis of rotation of the distance-measuring instrument is arranged centrally to coincide substantially with the tunnel axis, the same favourable measuring conditions prevail for virtually every setting, namely the orientation of the optical axis of the laser transmitten and receiver substantially perpendicularly of the tunnel wall and substantially the same distances between the tunnel wall and the distance-measuring unit.
According to another feature of the invention, the distance-measurn instrument may be mounted ror ve. uc ; audios !ae I adjustment and may be con- elected to or provided with at !east one adjusting element designed to be locked in selectable vertical or lateral positions. An arrangement such as this, which may even be combined with a rotatable mounting of the distance-measuring instrument, also provides for favourable surveying conditions, for example in surveys of the longitudinal profile of cuttings or other narrow passages defined by substantially flat surfaces.
In another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the adjusting element comprises a disc or plate with holes preferably arranged at uniform angular or longitudinal intervals and at least one detent pin or the like which is mounted on the chassis and which is designed to engage in the disc. This not only simplifies the adjustment of the distancemeasuring instrument into defined, fixed positions, which has to be carried out at the beginning of each surveying run, it also provides a reliable basis for comparison measurements with the same surveying vehicle or with an identically equipped surveying vehicle. In order to satisfy different requirements in regard to the accuracy or closeness of measurement, several rows of holes separated by different intervals may be provided in the disc or plate. Alternatively, the disc or plate may be replaceably arranged.
In another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the distance-measuring instrument is equipped with or connected to a drive forthe lockable position adjustment or for the step-by-step or continuous, preferably automatic position adjustment of the distance-measuring instrument, particularly at the beginning and end of each surveying run.
This arrangement enables the adjustment unit to be remote-controlled from a central control panel and the adjustment operation to be automatically completed before another longitudinal profile is surveyed.
In one particularly simple embodiment of the invention, the adjustment drive of the distancemeasuring instrument is formed for example by an electromagnetically operable stepping motor. Selflocking pawl locking mechanisms or the like may advantageously be used for this purpose.
In another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the odometer releasably by the distance-measuring instrument is formed by a pulse generator designed to be influenced or rather triggered in particular by components of the track, for example rail fastenings. In this way, where the distance-measuring instrument is individually released, a direct relation is obtained between the individual distance measurements and material reference points on the track itself. In this connection, it is possible by repeated pulse generation betwees two successive release points to multiply the number of individual measurements per unit length of the surveying zone and, in this way, to increase the density of measurement.
The present invention also relates to a method for surveying, in particular continuously, the longitudinal profile of tunnels, cuttings or similar narrow passages, using at least one distance-measuring instrument formed by a laser transmitter and receiver and arranged on a chassis which advances continuously, particularly under its own power, and - connected to this instrument - units for indicating or recording and, optionally, storing the profile survey data and an odometer connected to these units.
According to the invention, this method is characterised in that the distance between the distancemeasuring unit or its axis of rotation and the tunnel wall or the object forming the narrow passage is continuously measured, recorded and optionally stored with the optical axis of the distancemeasuring instrument in a constant setting, after which another longitudinal surveying run is made with the optical aixs in a different setting until the surveyed longitudinal profiles for a selectable sector or for the entire transverse profile are present. In this connection, it is possible with advantage for the surveying vehicle to travel alternately in opposite directions overthe measuring zone for successively surveying a longitudinal profile with the distancemeasuring instrument in a different setting and, hence, to halve the total duration of the measuring program.The result of measurement is not affected by the change in the direction of travel because the measuring points remain in the same position in relation to the longitudinal axis of the track.
Examples of embodiment of the invention are described in detail in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Figure 1 is an axonometric view of one embodiment of a surveying vehicle according to the invention.
Figure 2 is an axonometric view showing part of a surveying vehicle according to the invention in an embodiment differing from that illustrated in Figure 1.
Figure 3 diagrammatically illustrates a tape-form data storage medium for recording the longitudinal profile.
Figure 1 illustrates the surveying of the longitudinal profile of a railway tunnel by means of an ontrack surveying vehicle 1 according to the invention shown diagrammatically in simplified form. The surveying vehicle 1 is equipped with a spreading and locking unit 2 which is preferably operable through a hydraulic cylinder-and-piston drive and by means of which the chassis 3 of the surveying vehicle 1 with its four flanged wheels 4 on the track consisting of rails 5 and sleepers 6, is kept firmly applied through the wheel flanges to the left-hand and/or right-hand rail 5 and is adapted to travel in the direction of the track axis 7.Spreading and locking units 2 of this type for firm application to a guide rail, for example the outer rail around curves, or along the middle of the track are commonly and advantageously used in surveying vehicles and also in track maintenance machines for obtaining accurate measurements.
In the illustrated embodiment, the surveying vehicle 1 is equipped with its own reversible drive motor 8 arranged on the chassis 3. Instead of being provided with its own drive motor, the surveying vehicle may even be coupled to another self-propelled track vehicle, particularly a track maintenance machine, for example through pivotally connected pull and push rods. It is importantforthe surveying vehicle 1 to be able to travel along the section of track to be surveyed in both directions at a predetermined speed and, in particular, continuously.
The surveying vehicle 1 comprises an odometer 9 which, in the illustrated embodiment, is in the form of a pulse generator 11 designed to be inductively influenced and triggered by the rail fastenings 10, particularly the sleeper screws. The pulse generator 11 is connected by a cable 12 to a control element 13 which is arranged on the chassis 3 and which in turn is connected to a unit 14 for indicating or recording and, optionally, storing the profile survey data.
A distance measuring instrument 17 is mounted for rotation about a shaft 18 parallel to the track axis 7 on a bearing element 16 connected to the chassis 3 through supports 15. This distance measuring instrument 17 consists of a laser transmitter 19 and a laser receiver 20 with a substantially coincident optical axis 21 directed perpendicularly of the shaft 18. In the present cotext, "coincident" is understood to mean not only the exact coaxial arrangement of the transmitter and receiver axis, but also the arrangement of the transmitter 19 and the receiver 20 with the narrowest possible interval between their optical axes which is easierto achieve in practice.The distance measuring instrument 17 is connected to an adjusting element 22 which is designed to the locked in selectable angular positions and which, in the embodiment illustrated in Figure 1, is in the form of a disc adjustable according to a fixed angle scale 23.
To enable it to be adjusted by remote control, the distance measuring instrument 17 is connected to a drive 24 in the form of an electromagnetically operable stepping motor or the like which is connected to the chassis 3 through supports 15. The drive 24 and the distance measuring instrument 17 are connected to the control element 13 through lines 25 and 26, respectively.
Assuming that the longitudinal profile survey of the tunnel is to include a predetermined part 27 of the transverse profile 28, the survey program is advantageously carried out as follows:
Before the first surveying run begins, the distance measuring instrument 17 is turned about the shaft 18 by means of the adjusting element 22 (either manually or through the drive 24) until the optical axis 21 includes with a predetermined reference direction perpendicular to the shaft 18, for example the horizontal 29, a predetermined elevation angle a0 which corresponds to the upper limit of that part 27 of the transverse profile 28 to be surveyed.The odometer 9, the control element 13, the unit 14 and the distance measuring instrument 17 are then primed for operation and the surveying vehicle 1 is continuously advanced in the direction of the arrow 30 by means of the drive motor 8. On travelling over the first sleeper 6, of which the position in the longitudinal direction of the track is shown or should be noted on the survey record and which should best be permenantly marked beforehand, the pulse generator 11 is triggered by the inductive effect of the corresponding rail fastening 10 of this sleeper 6.The control pulse generated by the pulse generator 11 is delivered through the line 12 and the control ele ment 13 to the unit 14 for the purpose of indicating and recording a location mrk. Through the line 26, the pulse also activates the distance measuring unit 17, the following alLG;-natives being available for the type control: If the longitudinal profile of the tunnel isto be continuously surveyed over the entire survey area, the distance measuring instrument 17 is switched to continous operation by the first pulse from the odometer and the survey data are continuously indicated and recorded and/or stored by the unit 14.It is only at the end of the survey zone that the distance measuring instrument 17 is switched off either manually or automatically on stoppage of the survey vehicle 1. By contrast, if the longitudinal profile of the tunnel is to be continuously surveyed step-by-step or point-by-point, an individual measurement of the distance measuring instrument 17 and/or an indication or recording of the local measured distance value by the unit 14 is initiated for every pulse coming from the odometer. In both cases, the tunnel wall is scanned along a surface line 32 with the elevation angle a0 fixed and the particular distance between the tunnel wall and the shaft 18 is recorded by the unit 14.
At the end of the survey zone, the distance measuring instrument 17 locked in its previous position is turned through a predetermined angle about the shaft 18 and locked in its new position. Its optical axis 21 now includes the angle a1 with the horizontal 29. The drive motor 8 is then put into reverse and continuously drives the surveying vehicle 1 in the direction of the chain-line arrow 31. At the same time, the direction of the respective recording elements, for example magnetic tape or paper tape, of the unit 14 is automatically reversed. The tunnel wall is then continously surveyed along another surface line 33 by the distance measuring instrument 17 until the surveying vehicle 1 has reached the starting point of its first surveying run or the previously marked sleeper 6.In the course of further surveying runs in opposite directions of travel and with the distance measuring instrument 17 reset, the tunnel wall is scanned along further surface lines 34 to 37 until the surveyed longitudinal profiles for the entire part 27 of the transverse profile 28 to be surveyed are present. A sudden change in the measured distance value is obtained during the last thee measuring runs commensurate with the trend of the surface lines 35,36 and 37 in the region of the tunnel niche 38.
Not only the longitudinal profile of the tunnel over the sector 27 but also the cross-section of the tunnel profile over this sector can be determined from the survey data stored in the unit 14 by recording the various elevation angles and the associated distance values from the shaft 18 by beams for the section of track in question and joining the ends of these
beams to one another to form a transverse profile line corresponding to the lines 39,40 in Figure 1.
This evaluation may of course also be carried out by electronic means.
According to the invention, therefore, it is possible with advantage-using the described arrangementto apply a particular preferred procedure in which the distance between the distance measuring instrument 17 or il orkLsshaft 18 and the tunnel wall or he object forming the narrow point is continuously measured, recorded and optionally stored during the continuous movement oithe surveying vehicle 1 in the longitudinal direction of the track-for a constant setting of the optical axis 21 of the distance measuring instrument 17 -followed by another longitudinai surveying run with the optical axis 21 reset until the surveyed longitudinal profiles for a selectable part 27 of the transverse profile 28 or for the entire transverse profile.
The trend of the optical axis 21 in a plane 41 normal to the shaft 18 and to the track axis 7 for each locked setting of the distance measuring instrument 17 is crucial to the accuracy of the survey data determined.
As shown in Figure 2, the adjusting element 22 for the lockable setting of the optical axis 21 in the normal plane 41 is in the form of a disc 42 which is fixedly connected to, i.e. rotates with, the distance measuring instrument 17 and which comprises holes 43 at regular peripheral intervals in which a detent pin 44 mounted for axial dispiacement on the bearing element 16 is designed to engage. This detent pin 44 may be subjected to an axial biasing force directed towards the disc 42, for example from a helical spring or the like arranged in a spring housing 45.In a variant of the illustrated embodiment, the disc may also be provided with several rows of holes arranged concentrically to one another with a different peripheral spacing for each row to enable the peripheral intervals between the surface lines to be adapted to the particular accuracy requirements. To enable the surveying program to be carried out fully automatically, the detent pin 44 may with advantage be remote-controlled, for example electromagnetically, through the adjustment drive 24 and the control element 13 at the beginning and end of each surveying run.
As the most simple embodiment of a data storage medium for continuously recording the longitudinal profile surveying data, Figure 3 shows the recording tape 46 of a measuring recorder from which the result of the survey of that part of the tunnel wall which corresponds to Figure 1 is apparent. The arrow 47 indicates the direction of movement of the recording tape 46 for recording a longitudinal profile during the advance of the surveying vehicle 1, whilst the arrow 48 indicates the corresponding direction of movement when the vehicle 1 is in reverse. For locally assigning the survey data to the longitudinal trend of the track, the control pulses released from the pulse generator 11 of the odometer 9 when the vehicle 1 travels over each sleeper 6 are recorded in the form of successive location marks 49. To enable the individual longitudinal profiles to be displayed separately without any overlap, a separate base line 50 corresponding to the shaft 18 is provided for each
position of the distance measuring instrument 17 or elevation angle of the optical axis 21, from which the
particular distances 51 measured between the tunnel wall and the shaft 18 are recorded on a correspond
ingly reduced scale transversely of the direction in which the recording tape 46 advances. Figure 3 shows both variants of the measurement and recording of distance for the longitudinal profile corresponding to the surface line 32. The continuous solid line corresponds to a continuous, uninterrupted measurement of distance, whereas the successive measuring points 52 correspond to individual meas urementsofdistance at each location mark 49.In the continuous, uninterrupted measurement of distance, it is possible - for any point of the track -to determine the transverse profile at that point from the local distance measurements and the respective elevation angles. Where surveying is carried out pointby-point, the transverse profile may also be determined at any point identified by a local mark 49. Two such points of the track, from which for example the transverse profile lines 39, 40 according to Figure 1 may be determined, are represented in Figure 3 by the lines 53, 54.
It is of course also possible in accordance with the invention to record and store the longitudinal profile survey data in digital form and, in addition, to determine and separately to record measured distance values lying outside the tolerance limits and their position during the actual surveying run on the basis of predetermined limit values for these longitudinal profile survey data. In particular, it is possible by predetermined corresponding profile data to verify whether limits imposed by loading gauge have been exceeded by direct comparison with the results obtained from the distance measuring instrument.
From the point of view of construction, numerous variants of the arrangements described and illustrated are possible in accordance with the invention, particularly in regard to the adjustable arrangement of the distance measuring instrument and the design of the various auxiliary components, such as the adjusting element, the adjustment drive, the odometer and the units for indicating, recording and storing the survey data. For example, instead of being mounted for rotation, the distance measuring instrument may be mounted for vertical and/or lateral adjustment and may be locked in any position.
In addition, the adjusting element for example may be in the form of a lockable pawl mechanism whilst the adjustment drive may be formed for example by a self-locking worm gear driven by an electric motor.
Finally, the odometer may also be designed for a higher pulse frequency, for example for repeated pulse generation over a sleeper interval.
Claims (10)
1. Atravelling on-track surveying vehicle comprising an arrangement for the substantially continuous, contactless surveying of the longitudinal profile of tunnels, cuttings and similar passages, comprising at least one distance-measuring instrument formed by a laser transmitter and receiver and arranged on a chassis which advances continuously, particularly under its own power, and - connected to this distance-measuring instrument - units for indicating or recording and, optionally, storing the profile survey data and further comprising an odometer connected to these units, characterised in that the distance-measuring instrument provided for surveying the longitudinal profile is formed by a common arrangement of the laser transmitter and receiver with a common optical axis extending in a plane perpendicular to the track ortunnel axis and -for continuous and step-by-step or uninterrupted longitudinal surveying - is connected to the odometer through a control element and is designed to be adjusted and locked in position for surveying different longitudinal profiles within at least one sector of the transverse profile.
2. A surveying vehicle as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the distance-measuring instrument is mounted for rotation about a shaft parallel to the axis of the track and is connected to or provided with an adjusting element capable of being locked in selectable angular positions, for example a disc or the like adjustable according to an angle scale.
3. A surveying vehicle as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the distance-measuring instrument is mounted for vertical and/or lateral adjustment and is connected to or provided with at least one adjusting element designed to be locked in selectable vertical or lateral poSitions.
4. A surveying vehicle as claimed in Claim 2 or 3, characterised in that the adjusting element comprises a disc or plate with holes preferably arranged at uniform angular or longitudinal intervals and at least one detent pin or the like which is mounted on the chassis and which is designed to engage in the disc.
5. Asurveying vehicle as claimed in any of
Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the distancemeasuring instrument is equipped with or connected to a drive for the lockable position adjustment or for the step-by-step or continuous, preferably automatic position adjustment of the distance-measuring instrument, particularly at the beginning and end of each surveying run.
6. A surveying vehicle as claimed in Claim 5, characterised in that the adjustment drive of the distance-measuring instrument is formed for example by an electromagnetically operable stepping motor.
7. A surveying vehicle as claimed in any of
Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the odometer releasable by the distance-measuring instrument is formed by a pulse generator designed to be influenced or rather triggered in particular by components of the track, for example rail fastenings.
8. A method for surveying, in particular continuously, the longitudinal profile of tunnels, cuttings or similar narrow passages, using at least one distance-measuring instrument formed by a laser transmitter and receiver and arranged on a chassis which advances continuously, particularly under its own power, and - connected to this instrument units for indicating or recording and, optionally, storing the profile survey data and an odometer connected to these units, particularly using a surveying vehicle of the type claimed in any of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the distance between the distance-measuring unit or its axis of rotation and the tunnel wall or the object forming the narrow passage is continuously measured, recorded and optionally stored with the optical axis of the distance-measuring instrument in a constant setting, after which another longitudinal surveying run is made with the optical axis in a different setting until the surveyed longitudinal profiles for a selectable sector oi or for the ertire transverse profile are present.
9. A method of surveying the longitudinal profile of a tunnel, cutting or similar passage, substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
10. An on-track vehicle for surveying the longitudinal profiles of tunnels, cuttings and similar passages, substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT0077280A AT370879B (en) | 1980-02-13 | 1980-02-13 | TRACKABLE MEASURING VEHICLE AND METHOD FOR MEASURING THE LENGTH PROFILE OF TUNNEL TUBES |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2070880A true GB2070880A (en) | 1981-09-09 |
| GB2070880B GB2070880B (en) | 1983-12-14 |
Family
ID=3499344
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8102387A Expired GB2070880B (en) | 1980-02-13 | 1981-01-27 | Surveying vehicle and a method for surveying the longitudinal profile of tunnels |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AR (1) | AR224569A1 (en) |
| AT (1) | AT370879B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU539931B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8100544A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1138636A (en) |
| CS (1) | CS274586B2 (en) |
| DD (1) | DD160127A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3046611A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES499366A0 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2475721B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2070880B (en) |
| HU (1) | HU183301B (en) |
| PL (1) | PL128340B1 (en) |
| RO (1) | RO87948A (en) |
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| GB2176963A (en) * | 1985-06-05 | 1987-01-07 | Plessey Co Plc | Locating power source for rail vehicle |
| GB2198606A (en) * | 1986-12-02 | 1988-06-15 | Coal Ind | Profile determination |
| EP0320461A2 (en) * | 1987-12-07 | 1989-06-14 | Glenn E. Fryer | Tunnel measuring method and apparatus |
| GB2265274A (en) * | 1992-03-20 | 1993-09-22 | Michael Christopher Stuttle | Surveying method and apparatus |
| FR2782792A1 (en) * | 1998-08-31 | 2000-03-03 | Gestion Des Eaux De Paris Sa D | Device to measure dimensions of sub-surface conduit; has laser distance meter mounted on support that can be moved along conduit axis of has associated data store for measurements and axial position |
| GB2403861A (en) * | 2003-07-11 | 2005-01-12 | Omnicom Engineering Ltd | Laser scanning surveying and measurement system |
| CN101246007B (en) * | 2007-02-12 | 2010-12-15 | 上海地铁运营有限公司 | Tunnel convergence monitoring method |
| US20110141464A1 (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2011-06-16 | CBC Engineers & Associates Ltd. | Apparatus for measuring the inner surface of a culver or other tunnel defining structure imbedded in the ground |
| CN103223955A (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2013-07-31 | 南车株洲电力机车有限公司 | Detection method and device for vehicle clearance |
| WO2019091981A1 (en) | 2017-11-13 | 2019-05-16 | Dodin Campenon Bernard | Method for inspecting and/or guiding excavation operations |
| CN114674281A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-06-28 | 贵州省交通规划勘察设计研究院股份有限公司 | Tunnel automatic monitoring and measuring equipment and method based on scattered point fitting measurement |
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| CH572201A5 (en) * | 1973-08-31 | 1976-01-30 | Alcyon | |
| CH606991A5 (en) * | 1976-12-03 | 1978-11-30 | Wild Heerbrugg Ag | |
| AT353487B (en) * | 1977-05-31 | 1979-11-12 | Plasser Bahnbaumasch Franz | MEASURING DEVICE FOR DISPLAY OR REGISTRATION OF THE PROFILE OF TUNNEL PIPES, THROUGHOUTS, ETC. CLOGGING |
| US4180322A (en) * | 1978-05-01 | 1979-12-25 | Alcyon Equipment S.A. | Interior measurement of enclosed spaces |
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1980
- 1980-02-13 AT AT0077280A patent/AT370879B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-12-11 DE DE19803046611 patent/DE3046611A1/en active Granted
- 1980-12-24 AU AU65863/80A patent/AU539931B2/en not_active Ceased
-
1981
- 1981-01-05 CS CS6581A patent/CS274586B2/en unknown
- 1981-01-27 GB GB8102387A patent/GB2070880B/en not_active Expired
- 1981-01-30 BR BR8100544A patent/BR8100544A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-01-30 HU HU81216A patent/HU183301B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-01-30 FR FR8101877A patent/FR2475721B1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-02-09 RO RO81103364A patent/RO87948A/en unknown
- 1981-02-10 DD DD81227534A patent/DD160127A5/en unknown
- 1981-02-12 ES ES499366A patent/ES499366A0/en active Granted
- 1981-02-12 PL PL1981229645A patent/PL128340B1/en unknown
- 1981-02-13 CA CA000370796A patent/CA1138636A/en not_active Expired
- 1981-03-27 AR AR284778A patent/AR224569A1/en active
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| GB2176963A (en) * | 1985-06-05 | 1987-01-07 | Plessey Co Plc | Locating power source for rail vehicle |
| GB2198606A (en) * | 1986-12-02 | 1988-06-15 | Coal Ind | Profile determination |
| GB2198606B (en) * | 1986-12-02 | 1990-09-05 | Coal Ind | Method of determining the profile of an underground passageway |
| EP0320461A2 (en) * | 1987-12-07 | 1989-06-14 | Glenn E. Fryer | Tunnel measuring method and apparatus |
| EP0320461A3 (en) * | 1987-12-07 | 1991-06-19 | Glenn E. Fryer | Tunnel measuring method and apparatus |
| GB2265274A (en) * | 1992-03-20 | 1993-09-22 | Michael Christopher Stuttle | Surveying method and apparatus |
| GB2265274B (en) * | 1992-03-20 | 1996-06-26 | Michael Christopher Stuttle | Surveying method and apparatus |
| FR2782792A1 (en) * | 1998-08-31 | 2000-03-03 | Gestion Des Eaux De Paris Sa D | Device to measure dimensions of sub-surface conduit; has laser distance meter mounted on support that can be moved along conduit axis of has associated data store for measurements and axial position |
| GB2403861A (en) * | 2003-07-11 | 2005-01-12 | Omnicom Engineering Ltd | Laser scanning surveying and measurement system |
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| GB2419759A (en) * | 2003-07-11 | 2006-05-03 | Omnicom Engineering Ltd | Laser scanning surveying and measuring system |
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| CN101246007B (en) * | 2007-02-12 | 2010-12-15 | 上海地铁运营有限公司 | Tunnel convergence monitoring method |
| US20110141464A1 (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2011-06-16 | CBC Engineers & Associates Ltd. | Apparatus for measuring the inner surface of a culver or other tunnel defining structure imbedded in the ground |
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| WO2019091981A1 (en) | 2017-11-13 | 2019-05-16 | Dodin Campenon Bernard | Method for inspecting and/or guiding excavation operations |
| CN114674281B (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2024-01-09 | 贵州省交通规划勘察设计研究院股份有限公司 | Tunnel automation monitoring measurement equipment and method based on scattered point fitting measurement |
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| CN114910048A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-08-16 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | Tunnel under-excavation automatic detector and detection method |
| CN115402365A (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-11-29 | 中车山东机车车辆有限公司 | Flexible compensation structure of detection device for rail engineering vehicle |
| CN117308810A (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2023-12-29 | 乐山市通达交通勘察设计有限责任公司 | Tunnel deformation detection device |
| CN117308810B (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2024-02-06 | 乐山市通达交通勘察设计有限责任公司 | Tunnel deformation detection device |
| CN117516641A (en) * | 2024-01-05 | 2024-02-06 | 山东中云电科信息技术有限公司 | Channel section flow measurement equipment |
| CN117516641B (en) * | 2024-01-05 | 2024-03-26 | 山东中云电科信息技术有限公司 | Channel section flow measurement equipment |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU539931B2 (en) | 1984-10-25 |
| ES8206019A1 (en) | 1982-07-01 |
| CS274586B2 (en) | 1991-08-13 |
| HU183301B (en) | 1984-04-28 |
| DD160127A5 (en) | 1983-05-04 |
| ES499366A0 (en) | 1982-07-01 |
| ATA77280A (en) | 1982-09-15 |
| CA1138636A (en) | 1983-01-04 |
| FR2475721A1 (en) | 1981-08-14 |
| AT370879B (en) | 1983-05-10 |
| GB2070880B (en) | 1983-12-14 |
| DE3046611A1 (en) | 1981-09-10 |
| RO87948B (en) | 1985-12-01 |
| RO87948A (en) | 1985-12-20 |
| FR2475721B1 (en) | 1985-07-05 |
| PL128340B1 (en) | 1984-01-31 |
| BR8100544A (en) | 1981-08-18 |
| AU6586380A (en) | 1981-08-20 |
| DE3046611C2 (en) | 1990-04-05 |
| AR224569A1 (en) | 1981-12-15 |
| PL229645A1 (en) | 1981-12-11 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19960127 |