GB1604176A - Perfluorovinyl compounds and copolymers thereof - Google Patents
Perfluorovinyl compounds and copolymers thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1604176A GB1604176A GB41259/80A GB4125980A GB1604176A GB 1604176 A GB1604176 A GB 1604176A GB 41259/80 A GB41259/80 A GB 41259/80A GB 4125980 A GB4125980 A GB 4125980A GB 1604176 A GB1604176 A GB 1604176A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- groups
- side chains
- fluorinated
- pendant side
- group
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- -1 Perfluorovinyl compounds Chemical class 0.000 title description 14
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 title description 9
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019000 fluorine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001774 Perfluoroether Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005010 perfluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000002128 sulfonyl halide group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- OBTWBSRJZRCYQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuryl difluoride Chemical compound FS(F)(=O)=O OBTWBSRJZRCYQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZQBFAOFFOQMSGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F ZQBFAOFFOQMSGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- BUUPQKDIAURBJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfinic acid Chemical compound OS=O BUUPQKDIAURBJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIROQPWSJUXOJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6-undecafluoro-6-(trifluoromethyl)cyclohexane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C1(F)F QIROQPWSJUXOJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXGPGHBYAPBDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2,3,3-hexafluoro-4,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)cyclobutane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1(C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C1(F)F TXGPGHBYAPBDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AJDIZQLSFPQPEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-Trichlorotrifluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)C(F)(Cl)Cl AJDIZQLSFPQPEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-D Chemical compound OC(=O)COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUFKHKZLBZWCAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1-ethenoxypropan-2-yloxy)ethanesulfonyl fluoride Chemical compound C=COCC(C)OCCS(F)(=O)=O TUFKHKZLBZWCAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical class C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical class OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical compound C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous diethylene glycol Natural products OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001246 colloidal dispersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006298 dechlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOC SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoroethene Chemical compound FC=C XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940076701 hydro 35 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000655 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- YVBBRRALBYAZBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorooctane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F YVBBRRALBYAZBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ORGHESHFQPYLAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl radical Chemical compound C=[CH] ORGHESHFQPYLAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/20—Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins
- C08J5/22—Films, membranes or diaphragms
- C08J5/2287—After-treatment
- C08J5/2293—After-treatment of fluorine-containing membranes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US78972677A | 1977-04-20 | 1977-04-20 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1604176A true GB1604176A (en) | 1981-12-02 |
Family
ID=25148510
Family Applications (4)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB41258/80A Expired GB1604175A (en) | 1977-04-20 | 1978-04-19 | Process for preparing fluorinated polymer containing carbonyl fluoride and/or carboxylic groups |
| GB41257/80A Expired GB1604174A (en) | 1977-04-20 | 1978-04-19 | Process for making fluorinated compounds containing carboxylic groups |
| GB15539/78A Expired GB1604173A (en) | 1977-04-20 | 1978-04-19 | Fluorinated ion excahnge polymers |
| GB41259/80A Expired GB1604176A (en) | 1977-04-20 | 1978-04-19 | Perfluorovinyl compounds and copolymers thereof |
Family Applications Before (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB41258/80A Expired GB1604175A (en) | 1977-04-20 | 1978-04-19 | Process for preparing fluorinated polymer containing carbonyl fluoride and/or carboxylic groups |
| GB41257/80A Expired GB1604174A (en) | 1977-04-20 | 1978-04-19 | Process for making fluorinated compounds containing carboxylic groups |
| GB15539/78A Expired GB1604173A (en) | 1977-04-20 | 1978-04-19 | Fluorinated ion excahnge polymers |
Country Status (15)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS53132094A (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU525395B2 (enExample) |
| BE (1) | BE866122A (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BR7802434A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA1126443A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE2817315A1 (enExample) |
| FR (2) | FR2388013B1 (enExample) |
| GB (4) | GB1604175A (enExample) |
| IL (1) | IL54539A (enExample) |
| IT (1) | IT1094088B (enExample) |
| MX (1) | MX150276A (enExample) |
| NL (1) | NL7804220A (enExample) |
| NZ (1) | NZ187022A (enExample) |
| SU (1) | SU784786A3 (enExample) |
| ZA (1) | ZA782224B (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1061477B (it) * | 1975-07-09 | 1983-02-28 | Asahi Chemical Ind | Membrana scambiatrice di cationi sua preparazione e suo impiego |
| US4200711A (en) * | 1977-04-25 | 1980-04-29 | Tokuyama Soda Kabushiki Kaisha | Process for preparing fluorine-containing polymers having carboxyl groups |
| US4329435A (en) * | 1979-05-31 | 1982-05-11 | Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Novel fluorinated copolymer with tridihydro fluorosulfonyl fluoride pendant groups and preparation thereof |
| US4329434A (en) * | 1979-05-31 | 1982-05-11 | Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Novel fluorinated cation exchange membrane and process for producing the same |
| JPS5672190A (en) * | 1979-11-20 | 1981-06-16 | Toyo Soda Mfg Co Ltd | Cation exchange membrane for electrolysis of alkali metal halogenide |
| JPS5792028A (en) * | 1980-11-29 | 1982-06-08 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Fluorocarbon cation exchange membrane |
| SG60007A1 (en) * | 1995-06-26 | 1999-02-22 | Tokuyama Corp | Fluorine-contained resin moulded articles |
| DE10209784A1 (de) * | 2001-09-01 | 2003-12-04 | Univ Stuttgart Inst Fuer Chemi | Sulfinatgruppen enthaltende Oligomere und Polymere und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
| JP4621536B2 (ja) * | 2005-04-20 | 2011-01-26 | 旭化成イーマテリアルズ株式会社 | 化学的安定性に優れた電解質膜の製造方法 |
| WO2012082546A1 (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2012-06-21 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Partially fluorinated polysulfinic acids and their salts |
| CN103261242B (zh) * | 2010-12-17 | 2016-05-04 | 3M创新有限公司 | 包含含有亚磺酸根的分子的含氟聚合物 |
| WO2012082454A1 (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2012-06-21 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Oligomers and co-oligomers of highly fluorinated sulfinic acid and salts thereof |
| DE102021131511A1 (de) | 2021-12-01 | 2023-06-01 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Kathode mit einem fluorhaltigen Polymer sowie eine Festkörperbatterie mit der Kathode |
| CN115073660B (zh) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-12-30 | 中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司 | 一种压裂用一体化稠化剂及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3853721A (en) * | 1971-09-09 | 1974-12-10 | Ppg Industries Inc | Process for electrolysing brine |
| US3853720A (en) * | 1972-10-24 | 1974-12-10 | Ppg Industries Inc | Electrolysis of brine using permeable membranes comprising fluorocarbon copolymers |
| IT1061477B (it) * | 1975-07-09 | 1983-02-28 | Asahi Chemical Ind | Membrana scambiatrice di cationi sua preparazione e suo impiego |
| JPS5284191A (en) * | 1975-12-30 | 1977-07-13 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Improved f-contg. cation exchange resin membrane |
-
1978
- 1978-03-15 FR FR7807445A patent/FR2388013B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1978-04-17 AU AU35168/78A patent/AU525395B2/en not_active Expired
- 1978-04-18 CA CA301,530A patent/CA1126443A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-04-18 JP JP4490678A patent/JPS53132094A/ja active Granted
- 1978-04-19 ZA ZA00782224A patent/ZA782224B/xx unknown
- 1978-04-19 NZ NZ187022A patent/NZ187022A/xx unknown
- 1978-04-19 IT IT22495/78A patent/IT1094088B/it active
- 1978-04-19 IL IL54539A patent/IL54539A/xx unknown
- 1978-04-19 GB GB41258/80A patent/GB1604175A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-04-19 GB GB41257/80A patent/GB1604174A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-04-19 BR BR787802434A patent/BR7802434A/pt unknown
- 1978-04-19 SU SU782605602A patent/SU784786A3/ru active
- 1978-04-19 GB GB15539/78A patent/GB1604173A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-04-19 MX MX173171A patent/MX150276A/es unknown
- 1978-04-19 BE BE186899A patent/BE866122A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-04-19 GB GB41259/80A patent/GB1604176A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-04-20 NL NL7804220A patent/NL7804220A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1978-04-20 DE DE19782817315 patent/DE2817315A1/de not_active Ceased
-
1981
- 1981-08-05 FR FR8115172A patent/FR2485024B1/fr not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1604175A (en) | 1981-12-02 |
| CA1126443A (en) | 1982-06-22 |
| JPS6147843B2 (enExample) | 1986-10-21 |
| FR2485024A1 (fr) | 1981-12-24 |
| FR2485024B1 (fr) | 1985-08-02 |
| NL7804220A (nl) | 1978-10-24 |
| IT7822495A0 (it) | 1978-04-19 |
| JPS53132094A (en) | 1978-11-17 |
| MX150276A (es) | 1984-04-10 |
| GB1604173A (en) | 1981-12-02 |
| GB1604174A (en) | 1981-12-02 |
| IL54539A0 (en) | 1978-07-31 |
| ZA782224B (en) | 1979-04-25 |
| DE2817315A1 (de) | 1978-11-02 |
| IL54539A (en) | 1983-03-31 |
| BE866122A (fr) | 1978-10-19 |
| FR2388013A1 (fr) | 1978-11-17 |
| AU525395B2 (en) | 1982-11-04 |
| AU3516878A (en) | 1979-10-25 |
| NZ187022A (en) | 1981-03-16 |
| SU784786A3 (ru) | 1980-11-30 |
| IT1094088B (it) | 1985-07-26 |
| FR2388013B1 (fr) | 1985-08-02 |
| BR7802434A (pt) | 1979-01-16 |
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