GB1575761A - Excavating shield apparatus and to methods of operating such apparatus - Google Patents
Excavating shield apparatus and to methods of operating such apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1575761A GB1575761A GB4858477A GB4858477A GB1575761A GB 1575761 A GB1575761 A GB 1575761A GB 4858477 A GB4858477 A GB 4858477A GB 4858477 A GB4858477 A GB 4858477A GB 1575761 A GB1575761 A GB 1575761A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- drive member
- pipe
- outlets
- outlet
- shield apparatus
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/105—Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0692—Cutter drive shields
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
- Bulkheads Adapted To Foundation Construction (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
- Sheet Holders (AREA)
Description
(54) IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO EXCAVATING SHIELD
APPARATUS AND TO METHODS OF OPERATING SUCH APPARATUS
(71) We, GEWERKSCHAFT
EISENHUTTE WESTFALIA, a body corporate organised and existing under the laws of the Federal Republic of Germany, of 4670 Linen, Federal Republic of Germany, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:
The present invention relates in general to shield apparatus for driving tunnels, galleries, roadways or similar underground excavations and more particularly to an improved drive member for use in such apparatus.
Shield apparatus of known construction may employ a series of drive members or knives which are advanced individually or in groups towards a working face to drive the tunnel. In drifting work in loose soil or light material the drive members are pressed into the soil while in firm ground the drive memeber mainly perform a supporting function.
It is known to introduce a hardenable fluid or substance such as a thin cement mortar to consolidate the local working face to prevent loose soil collapsing into the shield. It is also known to introduce hardenable fluid such as a concrete or foam plastics around the wall behind the shield to provide at least temporary support and inhibit subsidence.
A general object of the present invention is to provide an improved form of drive member for use in shield apparatus.
A drive member made in accordance with the invention is of elongate form with upper and lower faces and is equipped with outlets at its upper and lower faces which can be selectively closed with closure means to permit fluid to discharge from one or other of the outlets.
The drive member may have a pipe or
conduit communicating with outlets at the upper and lower faces of the drive member, the outlets being associated with closure means which can selectively close one or other of the outlets to permit fluid to be fed through the pipe or conduit to discharge from the open outlet.
Normally the drive member would be hollow with the pipe or conduit arranged therein and the outlets spaced from the front and rear ends of the member.
In contrast to the prior art, a hardenable fluid such as cement mortar or a synthetics plastics can be forced through the uppermost outlet of the drive member to fill cavities or other spaces in the tunnel wall immediately adjacent the local working face and around the shield. In this way a more effective inhibition to subsidence or loosening can be achieved. When the fluid is pumped out through the upper outlet the corresponding lower outlet would be closed off. Nevertheless it is desirable to keep the pipe or conduit clean and free from blockage. For this purpose it is desirable to close off the upper outlet and conversely to open the lower outlet to permit water to be pumped through the pipe for cleaning purposes. The cleaning water can discharge into the shield or else the water can be fed through the pipe in the reverse direction, i.e. from the lowermost outlet to the rear.
It is useful to employ a detachable plug or bolt as the closure means and to arrange for the plug to engage, as by screw threading, in one or other of the outlets. It is desirable to ensure that any adjustment of the plug, to open and close the selected outlets, be effected from within the shield.
The present invention also relates to a method of operating a shield apparatus employing one or more special drive members made in accordance with the main aspect of the invention. A preferred method of operating the shield apparatus may then comprise advancing the drive members in known manner individually or in groups and feeding a hardenable fluid through the or each special drive member or the pipe thereof to cause said fluid to discharge through its uppermost outlet and generally externally of the shield apparatus. This would normally occur while the lowermost outlet of the special drive member is closed. Thereafter the upper outlet of the or each special drive member can be closed and the lowermost outlet opened to permit the passage of a cleansing or flushing fluid, preferably water, through the special drive member or its pipe.
The invention may be understood more readily and various other features of the invention may become apparent from consideration of the following description.
An embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Figure 1 is a sectional side view of a drive member made in accordance with the invention; and
Figure 2 is a sectional side view of part of the drive member showing the closure means in an alternative position.
As shown in Figure 1, a drive member 10 takes the form of a hollow steel structure having a tapered cutting portion 11 at its forward end. The member 10 per se is intended for use in shield apparatus where a plurality of drive members are arranged in side-by-side relationship as is known.
The member 10 has a rearwardly projecting flat, plate-like extension 12.
In accordance with the invention, a conduit or pipe 13 is arranged inside the main body of the member 10 to extend longitudinally of the member 10. The pipe 13 communicates at its inner end with a short transverse pipe 14 conveniently welded into the member 10. The pipe 14 opens to the upper and lower surfaces of the member 10 to form openings or outlets 15, 16. The outlets 15, 16 are disposed intermediate the ends of the main body of the member 10 and approximately centrally thereof. The outlets 15, 16 can be selectively closed with closure means in the form of a detachable plug 17. Conveniently the pipe 14 has an internal thread and the plug 17 is similarly threaded to engage therewith.
As shown in Figure 1, the plug 17 is arranged to close the lower outlet 16. In this arrangement a hardenable fluid material, such as a foam plastics or thin cement mortar, can be introduced to the rear end 13' of the pipe 13 and fed through the pipe 13 to discharge from the upper outlet 15. This material can thus fill any cavities or cracks in the wall of the tunnel or working surrounding the shield apparatus. By transposing the plug to the upper outlet 15 as shown in Figure 2, the drive member 10 is made ready for a flushing or cleaning operation where a fluid flushing agent, usually water can be introduced to the rear end 13' of the pipe 13 and fed through the pipe 13 to discharge from the lower outlet 16. The flushing agent can thus flow into the interior of the shield apparatus. The flushing agent can however pass in the opposite direction from the outlet 16 rearwards.
It is preferable to adapt the plug 17 so that it can be transposed between the outlets 15, 16 by adjustment effected wholly from inside the shield apparatus. This can be accomplished by ensuring the pipe 14 is threaded between the outlets 15, 16 and by using a tool, such as an Allen key to engage in a polygonal recess in the plug 17.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. A drive member for use in shield apparatus; said drive member being of elongate configuration with upper and lower faces and equipped with outlets at its upper and lower faces which can be selectively closed with closure means to permit fluid to discharge from one or other of the outlets.
2. A drive member for use in shield apparatus; said drive member being of elongate form with upper and lower faces and having a pipe or conduit communicating with outlets at the upper and lower faces of the drive member, the outlets being associated with closure means which can selectively close one or other of the outlets to permit fluid to be fed through the pipe or conduit to discharge from the open outlet.
3. A drive member according to claim 2, wherein the drive member is hollow and the pipe or conduit is disposed inside the drive member.
4. A drive member according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the closure means is a plug engageable in the or other of the outlets.
5. A drive member according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the outlets are formed by a pipe extending across the drive member.
6. A drive member according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the outlets are spaced from the ends of the drive member.
7. A drive member for use in shield apparatus substantially as described with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
8. Shield apparatus employing a series of advanceable drive members, one or more of which drive members are constructed according to any one of the preceding claims.
9. A method of operating shield apparatus according to claim 8, said method comprising advancing said drive members individually or in groups and feeding a hardenable fluid through the or each drive member having the outlets therein to discharge through its uppermost outlet and externally of the shield while the lowermost outlet is closed.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (10)
1. A drive member for use in shield apparatus; said drive member being of elongate configuration with upper and lower faces and equipped with outlets at its upper and lower faces which can be selectively closed with closure means to permit fluid to discharge from one or other of the outlets.
2. A drive member for use in shield apparatus; said drive member being of elongate form with upper and lower faces and having a pipe or conduit communicating with outlets at the upper and lower faces of the drive member, the outlets being associated with closure means which can selectively close one or other of the outlets to permit fluid to be fed through the pipe or conduit to discharge from the open outlet.
3. A drive member according to claim 2, wherein the drive member is hollow and the pipe or conduit is disposed inside the drive member.
4. A drive member according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the closure means is a plug engageable in the or other of the outlets.
5. A drive member according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the outlets are formed by a pipe extending across the drive member.
6. A drive member according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the outlets are spaced from the ends of the drive member.
7. A drive member for use in shield apparatus substantially as described with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
8. Shield apparatus employing a series of advanceable drive members, one or more of which drive members are constructed according to any one of the preceding claims.
9. A method of operating shield apparatus according to claim 8, said method comprising advancing said drive members individually or in groups and feeding a hardenable fluid through the or each drive member having the outlets therein to discharge through its uppermost outlet and externally of the shield while the lowermost outlet is closed.
10. A method according to claim 8, and
further comprising closing the uppermost outlet of said drive member, opening the lowermost outlet of said drive member and
passing a cleansing fluid through the drive
member.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19762653954 DE2653954C3 (en) | 1976-11-27 | 1976-11-27 | Jacking knife |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB1575761A true GB1575761A (en) | 1980-09-24 |
Family
ID=5994128
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB4858477A Expired GB1575761A (en) | 1976-11-27 | 1977-11-22 | Excavating shield apparatus and to methods of operating such apparatus |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS5369432A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2653954C3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES457661A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2372315A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1575761A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2169020A (en) * | 1984-12-21 | 1986-07-02 | Petromine As | A method of reducing pressures on tunnelling shields and tunnel linings in weak rock |
GB2215363A (en) * | 1988-03-11 | 1989-09-20 | Mono Pumps Ltd | Disposing of sludge waste |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3244040A1 (en) * | 1982-11-27 | 1984-05-30 | Gewerkschaft Eisenhütte Westfalia, 4670 Lünen | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DRIVING TUBES IN THE RECOVERY OF WASTE WATER COLLECTORS |
DE3630240A1 (en) * | 1986-09-05 | 1988-03-10 | Strabag Bau Ag | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR LINING AND SECURING AN UNDERGROUND CAVITY OPEN IN SHIELD DRIVING |
JPH0637832B2 (en) * | 1989-06-16 | 1994-05-18 | 株式会社クボタ建設 | Small-diameter shield construction method using three equally divided segments and shield machine used for implementing the construction method |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE620764C (en) * | 1930-04-20 | 1935-11-04 | Philipp Holzmann Akt Ges | Driving shield for the creation of tunnels or galleries in soft or water-bearing soil |
DE1187658B (en) * | 1961-12-13 | 1965-02-25 | Richard Schulz Tiefbauunterneh | Method for the underground construction of tunnels, galleries or similar elongated structures using a driving shield |
DE1534618B1 (en) * | 1965-02-17 | 1970-03-12 | Giacobino Pasquale Giovanni | Gear box for tunnels or wells |
-
1976
- 1976-11-27 DE DE19762653954 patent/DE2653954C3/en not_active Expired
-
1977
- 1977-04-06 ES ES457661A patent/ES457661A1/en not_active Expired
- 1977-05-04 FR FR7713512A patent/FR2372315A1/en active Granted
- 1977-05-23 JP JP5973177A patent/JPS5369432A/en active Granted
- 1977-11-22 GB GB4858477A patent/GB1575761A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2169020A (en) * | 1984-12-21 | 1986-07-02 | Petromine As | A method of reducing pressures on tunnelling shields and tunnel linings in weak rock |
GB2215363A (en) * | 1988-03-11 | 1989-09-20 | Mono Pumps Ltd | Disposing of sludge waste |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2653954C3 (en) | 1984-07-05 |
JPS5369432A (en) | 1978-06-20 |
FR2372315A1 (en) | 1978-06-23 |
DE2653954A1 (en) | 1978-06-01 |
FR2372315B1 (en) | 1982-11-05 |
JPS5531270B2 (en) | 1980-08-16 |
DE2653954B2 (en) | 1979-06-21 |
ES457661A1 (en) | 1978-02-01 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0548588B1 (en) | Device for making boreholes in the ground | |
GB1129113A (en) | Method of anchoring tie rods in the ground | |
GB1575761A (en) | Excavating shield apparatus and to methods of operating such apparatus | |
DE69926410T2 (en) | Soil reinforcement method | |
US4094152A (en) | Apparatus for laying a pipe line | |
DE2108591B2 (en) | EQUIPMENT AND PROCEDURE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE SHIELD CONSTRUCTION FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF TUNNELS AND ADAPTERS | |
JP3882118B2 (en) | Steel pipe for ground reinforcement and tunnel excavation method using the same | |
JP2005139890A (en) | System and method for drilling ground | |
WO1993009333A1 (en) | Tunnel-driving machine | |
EP0213259B1 (en) | Posterior sealing of waste deposits | |
DE9106585U1 (en) | Device for the underground construction of channels, tunnels, etc. | |
JPH08144687A (en) | Pipe and pipe loop method by use the same | |
FR2306307A1 (en) | Valved injection tube string for anchoring embankments - has helical boring rib on end tube and threaded connexions | |
JP2842236B2 (en) | Grout injection method into back of underground continuous wall and its injection device | |
JP2020105863A (en) | Natural ground draining device | |
JPS62202117A (en) | Formation work of cement mortar pile in ground with wooden pile | |
JP3653680B2 (en) | Reversing method and reversing excavator | |
JP2004339763A (en) | Bedrock reinforcing method and terminal pipe used therefor | |
JP2637904B2 (en) | Vertical slope construction method | |
JPH08165885A (en) | Branch shield machine | |
JP2008050810A (en) | Excavator for penetrating steel pipe | |
JPS6133117Y2 (en) | ||
JP2920470B2 (en) | Earth pressure reduction type ground improvement method | |
DE3821754A1 (en) | Method of driving a tubular, underground cavity, in particular at a great depth, as well as apparatus for carrying out the method | |
CN118223900A (en) | Rectangular push bench |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PS | Patent sealed | ||
PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |