GB1564743A - Dehydrators - Google Patents
Dehydrators Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1564743A GB1564743A GB896/77A GB89677A GB1564743A GB 1564743 A GB1564743 A GB 1564743A GB 896/77 A GB896/77 A GB 896/77A GB 89677 A GB89677 A GB 89677A GB 1564743 A GB1564743 A GB 1564743A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- dehydrating
- conveyors
- feed
- flow path
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/12—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by melting out
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
- F26B17/18—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by rotating helical blades or other rotary conveyors which may be heated moving materials in stationary chambers, e.g. troughs
- F26B17/20—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by rotating helical blades or other rotary conveyors which may be heated moving materials in stationary chambers, e.g. troughs the axis of rotation being horizontal or slightly inclined
- F26B17/205—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by rotating helical blades or other rotary conveyors which may be heated moving materials in stationary chambers, e.g. troughs the axis of rotation being horizontal or slightly inclined with multiple chambers, e.g. troughs, in superimposed arrangement
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/22—Controlling the drying process in dependence on liquid content of solid materials or objects
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/18—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by conduction, i.e. the heat is conveyed from the heat source, e.g. gas flame, to the materials or objects to be dried by direct contact
- F26B3/22—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by conduction, i.e. the heat is conveyed from the heat source, e.g. gas flame, to the materials or objects to be dried by direct contact the heat source and the materials or objects to be dried being in relative motion, e.g. of vibration
- F26B3/24—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by conduction, i.e. the heat is conveyed from the heat source, e.g. gas flame, to the materials or objects to be dried by direct contact the heat source and the materials or objects to be dried being in relative motion, e.g. of vibration the movement being rotation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
- Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Description
(54) IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO DEHYDRATORS
(71) We, TEXAS RENDERING CO.,
INC., a Texas Corporation, of Bastrop,
Texas 78602, United States of America, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be peformed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:- This invention relates to dehydrators of the kind operable in rendering of animal and poultry by-products for obtaining meal and grease, and more particularly it relates to automated systems for dehydrating by heat treating a continuously fed stream of raw materials having variable moisture contents where the processing speed varies in response to temperature sensed at the flow stations in path of the materials.
Typical examples of prior art dehydration systems are the U.S. patents to J. G. Keith 3,288,825 issued November 29, 1966 and R.
R. Jones 3,471,534 issued October 7, 1969.
The former patent illustrates the problem of working with raw materials of varying moisture content. Thus, a large tank cooker with long dwell time is used in a first batch process to equalize moisture contents as new raw materials are trickled in.
The latter patent system improves the cooking efficiency by mixing hot fat with the input raw materials in a first batch cooker. It also provides for removal of vapors from first and second batch operations. Transfer from one batch to another is made through thermostatically controlled valves which open when a proper batch cooking temperature is reached.
Both these systems require manual supervision, and neither can provide an efficient continuous throughput of materials having a wide range of differences in moisture content.
These and various other such systems have been proposed for batch feeding animal by-products for rendering by chemical and heat methods. Heretofore, batch processing or the equivalent using manual control and selection of rendering conditions for meat by-products has been required wherever there is a wide range of by-product sources, with significant variations in the amount of moisture present, generally ranging from 30% for carcasses to 70No or more for poultry offals or liquified by-products. Thus, the dehydration time to finish, the temperature and the flow rates must be varied for each change of ingredients for optimum performance.This extensive range of controls for handling such wide ranges of moisture content has heretofore made unfeasible continuous automatic processing equipment, particularly where simplicity is Another problem of prior art with respect
Another problem of prior art with respect to rendering equipment for meat by-products and particularly in stationary batch positions is burning which fouls the end products and requires equipment cleaning. Thus, batch processing, uneven flow or uneven moisture content will cause burning at points in the flow path and thus reduce the quality of dehydrates, output grease and animal by-product meal. Also this poses significant cleaning problems where inaccessible parts are affected or sanitary conditions are imposed.In this respect the prior art dehydration equipment particularly that of the batch type is complex and has resident stations, corners, baffles and various places to trap the ingredients in various stages of dehydration.
Also fumes, odors and moisture may be introduced into the environment. For sanitation, continued operation and pollution purposes such equipment is not satisfactory.
Considerable pressure is now exerted in industrial plants to reduce energy requirements and to control pollution. Prior art dehydration systems have not been significantly efficient in power consumption since they could not be operated under optimum conditions, and by nature have resulted in pollution of the environment.
According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of dehydrating materials of varying moisture content automatically comprising continuously conveying material to be dehydrated at changeable feed speeds along a continuous flow path including an input feed conveyor, a plurality of cylindrical dehydrating conveyors, one or more intermediate feed conveyors serially inter- connecting the dehydrating conveyors, and an output feed conveyor for the dehydrated material, internally steam heating the dehydrating conveyors to produce an increasing temperature along the flow path for the removal of water from the material passing therealong, sensing the temperature of the material flowing past at least one position in the flow path, and controlling the feed speed of at least one feed conveyor in response to said sensing means as a function of temperature to thereby automatically change the continuous feed speeds to accommodate different input materials having different moisture contents.
According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided dehydrating apparatus comprising a plurality of cylindrical dehydrating conveyors arranged in a continuous flow path including an input feed conveyor for material to be dehydrated, one or more intermediate feed conveyors serially inter- connecting the dehydrating conveyors, and an output feed conveyor for the dehydrated material, means for internally steam heating the dehydrating conveyors to produce an increasing temperature along the flow path for the removal of water from the material passing therealong, sensing means for sensing the temperature of the material flowing past at least one position in the flow path, and control means for controlling the speed of at least one feed conveyor in response to said sensing means as a function of temperature.
The invention will now be further described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a perspective diagrammatic view of the rendering system, and
Figure 2 is a block diagram of output processing equipment used in the invention.
Now with reference to the drawing, raw materials such as carcasses, poultry offals and animal by-products are placed in raw material surge bin 5 for feeding through the system by some pre-processing continuous feeder convoy that has cutters where necessary to produce small pieces that can be removed from the bottom of the bin through a feed screw arrangement 6 into the inlet opening 7 of the steam heated cylinder 8. The bin is about 15 feet long, five feet high and about six feed wide with 650 panel slopes on one side, the other side being straight.
The raw materials are force fed into the cylinder 8 by the feed screw arrangement 6 which contains a 12 inch variable pitch screw connecting the bin 5 thereto and is driven by variable feed drive motor 18 at a speed that maintains the optimum temperature at thermostat sensor 17 at the output end of cylinder 8.
Steam is introduced by line 9 into each end of the agitator shaft 10 of the dehydrator cylinder 8 in a manner similar to the prior art techniques of the Jones patent above described for example. Thus, steam is fed through rotary joints 11 into the agitator shaft ends and thence to paddles 13. The condensate of the agitator shaft 10 and paddles 13 is returned through the Johnson joints 11 into condensate line 14. The entire assembly is rotated by a drive means (not shown) so that the steam heated hollow paddles 13 extending therefrom agitate the materials passing through. Note these paddles are contoured to induce material flow from the inlet 7 to outlet ports 12 of the processing cylinder 8, which is typically about 20 feed long with an internal diameter of 29 inches and with the internal shaft steam jacket 10 diameter of about twelve inches.The outer surface of the cylinder 8 is steam jacketed in a conventional manner (not shown). The condensate is tapped by conventional means and returned to condensate line 14. Approximately forty paddles 13 are spaced along the shaft. The cylindrical portion outside diameter of the paddles is four and one half inches.
For greater heating efficiency hot grease from the output is recirculated and mixed with the input cold raw materials by means of pipe 15, through a modulating valve 16, and is controlled automatically at line 30 as a function of the optimum temperature at the outlet end of cylinder 8 by means of a temperature sensor 17 measuring the output temperature of the flow of materials. Input feed flow rate through screw 6 also operates as a portion of the input cylinder temperature regulation process for obtaining efficient temperature gradient operation from the input end of tank 8 to the outlet end. Preferably the hot grease is mixed one for one with input meat by-product materials and the valve controls flow of grease to correspond with the flow of input materials by motor 18.
When such "greaseless" products as eggs, milk or vegetable by-products are dehydrated, the grease is either replaced by other carrier materials or omitted.
Primary temperature control is effected by means of five horsepower variable speed d-c drive motor 18 for screw 6 that is speed controlled by conventional temperature to speed control means 19 as a function of the
temperature of materials at the output end of cylinder 8.
Similarly at the output end of cylinder 8, the additional inlet feed screw 21 for forcing materials partly processed into the input end 24 of the second similarly constructed dehydrator cylinder 22 is speed controlled by three horsepower motor 23 by means of the temperature control sensor 17 and circuit 19. Materials processed in this second cylinder 22 are then passed through the third cylinder 25 by a further three horsepower motor 26 and screw assembly 27 at a speed which is a function of the output material temperature controlled by circuit 28 in response to sensor 29.
It is to be recognized that a desired plurality of cylinders may be used, but to give a processing time for fully rendering a wide range of materials with widely
different moisture contents, the three cascade connected cylinders comprise a preferred embodiment. One of the advantages that may be realized is the progressive increase of heat from cylinder 8 to cylinders 22 and 25, so that the rendering can occur continuously at various flow speeds gradually and without burning or charring even with large ranges of different moisture content.It is also to be understood that the forced feed of the materials by means of the feed screws causes a continuous flow of materials under agitation that do not reside in batch operations at any one location so that they can be overheated, burned and charred or cause residual buildup of foreign materials within the steel cylinder flow paths that need frequent cleaning and scraping.
This system produces very high efficiency in the rendering process by operating at a horsepower in the order of sixty whereas prior art systems or similar capacity require in the order of four times that power.
All the fittings are hermetically sealed between the screw feed shafts and the cylinders, and the system because of filled screw means 6, then comprises a closed system to avoid escape of fumes and vapors into the environment at all positions to the final discharge tanks. Heating steam and condensate is processed separately at outlet line 14 which is returned to the boilers (not shown) as make-up water. Internally generated steam and vapors from the heated flow of materials are removed at an outlet pipe 40 located approximately 6 feet from each end of each cylinder, for processing and cleaning at a central vapor processor 41 (Fig. 2) before release into the environment.
Output products are separated then as vapors, grease and meal solids in tank 42 by conventional machinery known in the art and the meal is sent by conveyor 43 to screw presses to form cakes. Hot grease is held in tank 44 for recycling with pump 45 and excess is removed by output pipe 49. The exit end may be simplified when fats need not be processed.
The hot grease is recirculated by one and one half horsepower pump 45 through pipes 46, 47 connected to a feed pipe 48 for the inlet to the modulator valve 16. Output grease at line 49 is sent to clarification and storage tanks.
The system therefore is fully automated without requiring any manual intervention with very simple controls, namely temperature sensors and variable speed motors. The control system may be simpler or more complex than that shown. For example, one temperature sensor could control all feed motors or the several motor speeds can be coordinated by a computed function denved from the several temperatures to develop a constant feed speed at the several feed screws thereby assuring the desirable positive force feed through the system for maximum efficiency, self-cleaning and effective rendering-dehydrating over a wide range of moisture variations. It is recognized, of course, that the range of feed speeds will provide automatically a feed slowdown for dehydrating higher moisture materials which take longer cooking times to reach sensed temperature levels.
Conversely, a speed-up occurs for dryer materials, all automatically with very simple controls.
Temperature control under continuous flow conditions of this system is a critical feature that permits simplification of the automation. Likewise it is critical to hermetically seal each tank and permit vapors to escape only by means of controlled outlet pipes 40 - from each cylinder. Furthermore, to keep the system clean the self-cleaning feature of the material flow through cylindrical tanks with smooth walls is important. Also hot grease is mixed with the materials and carried through the system serving as a lubricant and heat exchange agent.In order to optimize these cooperative system features therefore in accordance with this invention, the thermal sensors may be simply placed in contact with the outer wall surfaces of the inner of the cylinders 8, 22 and 25 (inside the steam jackets not shown) so that they do not need pressurized seals, and do not contact directly the flow of materials. They are insulated from the steam jackets and in contact with the cylinder outer surface to read the wall temperature which changes with the rate of flow of the raw materials-grease mixture. They are located near the output flow end of each cylinder and preferably at a position agitated by the steam paddles at about a 4 o'clock position in the upstroke side of the paddle.
Therefore, the simplified and effective fully automatic system afforded by this invention efficiently dehydrates and renders a large range of materials, and improves the state of the art.
EXAMPLE.
For processing animal products through the preferred system embodiment disclosed herein, the following example demonstrates one mode of stystem operation.
The input raw materials to be processed can include chopped up carcasses of dead animals and waste materials including bones, suet, trimmings, poultry and fish offals, restaurant waste and the like having a moisture content ranging from 20% to 70% of the raw material weight. This is placed in the surge bin 5 in chunks of under one inch (2.54 cm) in diameter.
For the disclosed sizes of tanks, the rate of optimum feed is in the order of 24,000 pounds per hour as controlled by the motor driven conveyors 6, 12, 27 and 31, whose motor drives give them an infinitely variable range from zero to 100 RPM. The internal heated agitator shafts will turn at a continuous constant speed of approximately 50 RPM.
Cylinder 8 (and the input hot grease) will heat materials from ambient to 205 F at the discharge outlet into cylinder 22. In cylinder 22 by gradual temperature increase along the flow path therethrough the temperature will be increased to 220 F at the discharge outlet into cylinder 25. Similarly the temperature is raised to 2650 at the end discharge screw 31. The total flow time from the raw material bin to the discharge screw averages approximately 45 minutes.
All adjustments for variations of moisture of input raw materials are thus made automatically since a reduction of temperature at any sensor 17, 29, or 34 caused by increased moisture content causes the corresponding conveyors 6, 21, 27 and 31 to be correspondingly decreased automatically in speed at the price of overall processing time. However all the material flow path temperatures will remain at those chosen optimum levels for removing moisture through pipes 40.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. A method of dehydrating materials of varying moisture content automatically comprising continuously conveying material to be dehydrated at changeable feed speeds along a continuous flow path including an input feed conveyor, a plurality of cylindrical dehydrating conveyors, one or more intermediate feed conveyors serially interconnecting the dehydrating conveyors, and an output feed conveyor for the dehydrated material, internally steam heating the dehydrating conveyors to produce an increasing temperature along the flow path for the removal of water from the material passing therealong, sensing the temperature of the material flowing past at least one position in the flow path, and controlling the feed speed of at least one feed conveyor in response to said sensing means as a function of temperature to thereby automatically change the continuous feed speeds to accommodate different input materials having different moisture contents.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, including the additional step of hermetically closing said flow path to prevent escape of vapours into the environment therefrom.
3. A method as claimed in claim 2, including the additional step of processing said separated vapours for cleaning before discharge into the environment.
4. A method as claimed in claim 1, including the steps of separately controlling the feed speed of each feed conveyor.
5. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material to be dehydrated comprises meat by-products and the dehydrating conveyors are additionally heated by recirculating heated grease into said material fed into the flow path.
6. Dehydrating apparatus comprising a plurality of cylindrical dehydrating coneyors arranged in a continuous flow path including an input feed conveyor for material to be dehydrated, one or more intermediate feed conveyors, serially interconnecting the dehydrating conveyors, and an output feed conveyor for the dehydrated material, means for internally steam heating the dehydrating conveyors to produce an increasing temperature along the flow path for the removal of water from the material passing therealong, sensing means for sensing the temperature of the material flowing past at least one position in the flow path, and control means for controlling the speed of at least one feed conveyor in response to said sensing means as a function of temperature.
7. Apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein each dehydrating conveyor has a hollow axis and an internal heated agitator rotatable about the axis engaging said material along the flow path.
8. Apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein the agitator comprises a set of paddles oriented to urge the material along said flow path.
9. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein each feed conveyor is a feed screw.
10. Apparatus as claimed in any one of
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (18)
1. A method of dehydrating materials of varying moisture content automatically comprising continuously conveying material to be dehydrated at changeable feed speeds along a continuous flow path including an input feed conveyor, a plurality of cylindrical dehydrating conveyors, one or more intermediate feed conveyors serially interconnecting the dehydrating conveyors, and an output feed conveyor for the dehydrated material, internally steam heating the dehydrating conveyors to produce an increasing temperature along the flow path for the removal of water from the material passing therealong, sensing the temperature of the material flowing past at least one position in the flow path, and controlling the feed speed of at least one feed conveyor in response to said sensing means as a function of temperature to thereby automatically change the continuous feed speeds to accommodate different input materials having different moisture contents.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, including the additional step of hermetically closing said flow path to prevent escape of vapours into the environment therefrom.
3. A method as claimed in claim 2, including the additional step of processing said separated vapours for cleaning before discharge into the environment.
4. A method as claimed in claim 1, including the steps of separately controlling the feed speed of each feed conveyor.
5. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material to be dehydrated comprises meat by-products and the dehydrating conveyors are additionally heated by recirculating heated grease into said material fed into the flow path.
6. Dehydrating apparatus comprising a plurality of cylindrical dehydrating coneyors arranged in a continuous flow path including an input feed conveyor for material to be dehydrated, one or more intermediate feed conveyors, serially interconnecting the dehydrating conveyors, and an output feed conveyor for the dehydrated material, means for internally steam heating the dehydrating conveyors to produce an increasing temperature along the flow path for the removal of water from the material passing therealong, sensing means for sensing the temperature of the material flowing past at least one position in the flow path, and control means for controlling the speed of at least one feed conveyor in response to said sensing means as a function of temperature.
7. Apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein each dehydrating conveyor has a hollow axis and an internal heated agitator rotatable about the axis engaging said material along the flow path.
8. Apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein the agitator comprises a set of paddles oriented to urge the material along said flow path.
9. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein each feed conveyor is a feed screw.
10. Apparatus as claimed in any one of
claims 6 to 9, wherein separate sensing means are associated with each dehydrating conveyor.
11. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 10, for processing animal, byproducts to produce hot grease as one output material, including feedback means for feeding back a portion of the hot grease to the inlet port of the system to mix with newly entered raw material by-products.
12. Apparatus as claimed in claim 11, including means controlling the quantity of said heated products fed back as a function of temperature sensed by said sensing means.
13. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 12, wherein said conveyors are hermetically sealed to prevent escape of vapours into the environment.
14. Apparatus as claimed in claim 13, including outlet port means to collect and process vapours from said conveyors before discharge into the environment.
15. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 14, having input feed material storage means and output receptacle storage means for dehydrated material.
16. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 15, wherein said sensing means contacts one of the dehydrating conveyors at a position near an outlet thereof by contact with the outer cylindrical surface to measure the temperature of the container wall as established by the flow of said material thereinside.
17. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 16, wherein each cylindrical dehydrating conveyor has thereinside a set of rotating paddles distributed about the container axis at a series of axial positions and said sensing means is positioned on said outer surface at a four o'clock position on the upstroke side adjacent one of said paddles.
18. A method and apparatus for dehydrating raw materials substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US64819576A | 1976-01-12 | 1976-01-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1564743A true GB1564743A (en) | 1980-04-10 |
Family
ID=24599797
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB896/77A Expired GB1564743A (en) | 1976-01-12 | 1977-01-11 | Dehydrators |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS52114069A (en) |
| AR (1) | AR210532A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU513191B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2700177B2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK11477A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2337861A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1564743A (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ182993A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2078911A1 (en) * | 2008-01-10 | 2009-07-15 | Kronospan CR, spol. s.r.o. | Method for continuous drying of bulk material, in particular of wood fibres and/or wood chippings |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5220733A (en) * | 1991-11-14 | 1993-06-22 | 21St Century Design Inc. | Modular radiant plate drying apparatus |
| US5375344A (en) * | 1993-07-09 | 1994-12-27 | R & D Dryers Inc. | Apparatus for removing moisture from a wet material using a radiant heat source |
| CA2108597C (en) * | 1993-10-18 | 2000-05-23 | Philippe Varvat | Method and apparatus for dehydrating particulate material |
| EP0927862A1 (en) * | 1997-12-30 | 1999-07-07 | Vam Aerotecnica di Borghi Mauro | Apparatus for drying solid, granular, fibrous and/or pasty materials, with movement and stirring velocity control |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS50154169A (en) * | 1974-05-06 | 1975-12-11 |
-
1977
- 1977-01-04 DE DE2700177A patent/DE2700177B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1977-01-05 AR AR266114A patent/AR210532A1/en active
- 1977-01-06 NZ NZ182993A patent/NZ182993A/en unknown
- 1977-01-11 GB GB896/77A patent/GB1564743A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-01-11 AU AU21221/77A patent/AU513191B2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-01-12 FR FR7700736A patent/FR2337861A1/en active Granted
- 1977-01-12 JP JP228677A patent/JPS52114069A/en active Pending
- 1977-01-12 DK DK11477A patent/DK11477A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2078911A1 (en) * | 2008-01-10 | 2009-07-15 | Kronospan CR, spol. s.r.o. | Method for continuous drying of bulk material, in particular of wood fibres and/or wood chippings |
| WO2009087108A1 (en) * | 2008-01-10 | 2009-07-16 | Kronospan Cr, Spol. S.R.O. | Method for continuously drying bulk goods, in particular wood fibers and/or wood chips |
| US10551121B2 (en) | 2008-01-10 | 2020-02-04 | Douglas Technical Limited | Method for continuously drying bulk goods, in particular wood fibers and/or wood chips |
| US10690409B2 (en) | 2008-01-10 | 2020-06-23 | Douglas Technical Limited | Method for continuously drying bulk goods, in particular wood fibers and/or wood chips |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AR210532A1 (en) | 1977-08-15 |
| DE2700177A1 (en) | 1977-07-21 |
| FR2337861A1 (en) | 1977-08-05 |
| AU513191B2 (en) | 1980-11-20 |
| AU2122177A (en) | 1978-07-20 |
| DK11477A (en) | 1977-07-13 |
| DE2700177B2 (en) | 1978-05-03 |
| FR2337861B1 (en) | 1980-12-05 |
| JPS52114069A (en) | 1977-09-24 |
| NZ182993A (en) | 1979-03-28 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PS | Patent sealed | ||
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |