GB1126001A - Determination of vapor coating rate by x-rays - Google Patents

Determination of vapor coating rate by x-rays

Info

Publication number
GB1126001A
GB1126001A GB55497/65A GB5549765A GB1126001A GB 1126001 A GB1126001 A GB 1126001A GB 55497/65 A GB55497/65 A GB 55497/65A GB 5549765 A GB5549765 A GB 5549765A GB 1126001 A GB1126001 A GB 1126001A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
vapour
coating
electron beam
rays
characteristic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB55497/65A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
United States Steel Corp
Original Assignee
United States Steel Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by United States Steel Corp filed Critical United States Steel Corp
Publication of GB1126001A publication Critical patent/GB1126001A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G01N23/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material
    • G01N23/223—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material by irradiating the sample with X-rays or gamma-rays and by measuring X-ray fluorescence
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
    • C23C14/54—Controlling or regulating the coating process
    • C23C14/542—Controlling the film thickness or evaporation rate
    • C23C14/544—Controlling the film thickness or evaporation rate using measurement in the gas phase
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G01N23/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material
    • G01N23/2209—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material using wavelength dispersive spectroscopy [WDS]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G01N23/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material
    • G01N23/225—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material using electron or ion
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
    • G01N2223/07—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation secondary emission
    • G01N2223/076—X-ray fluorescence
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
    • G01N2223/07—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation secondary emission
    • G01N2223/079—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation secondary emission incident electron beam and measuring excited X-rays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
    • G01N2223/60—Specific applications or type of materials
    • G01N2223/61—Specific applications or type of materials thin films, coatings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
    • G01N2223/60—Specific applications or type of materials
    • G01N2223/638—Specific applications or type of materials gas

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Length-Measuring Devices Using Wave Or Particle Radiation (AREA)
  • Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)

Abstract

1,126,001. Photo-electric coating thickness control. UNITED STATES STEEL CORP. Dec. 31, 1965 [Jan. 6, 1965], No. 55497/65. Heading G1A. [Also in Division H1] The density of a vapour in a vapour-coating machine is measured in order to control the coating thickness, by subjecting the vapour to a high energy beam, e. g. of electrons, in order to produce characteristic X-rays, a portion of which is detected and measured. The particular application is in the continuous coating,of strip material and is suitable for thickness control in the vacuum coating of steel strip with aluminium. In one arrangement, Fig. 1, an electron beam 2 from a gun 1 is bent in a semicircular arc by a magnetic field to heat and melt the coating material 3 in a crucible 4. The resulting vapour flows towards the strip 6 to be coated. The electron beam 2 comes into contact with atoms of the coating vapour producing characteristic X-rays 8. Some of these enter the collimator 9a of a detector 9, the output of which is amplified, and counted, allowing for scattered radiation. In another arrangement, Fig. 2 (not shown) separate means produce the coating vapour which flows through a housing (10), an electron beam being directed at right angles to the flow of the vapour. Characteristic X-radiation emitted in a direction mutually at right angles to the electron beam and vapour flow, is investigated by the collimatordetector system.
GB55497/65A 1965-01-06 1965-12-31 Determination of vapor coating rate by x-rays Expired GB1126001A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US423764A US3373278A (en) 1965-01-06 1965-01-06 Determination of vapor coating rate by x-rays emitted from said vapor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB1126001A true GB1126001A (en) 1968-09-05

Family

ID=23680089

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB55497/65A Expired GB1126001A (en) 1965-01-06 1965-12-31 Determination of vapor coating rate by x-rays

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3373278A (en)
BE (1) BE674605A (en)
FR (1) FR1461909A (en)
GB (1) GB1126001A (en)
NL (1) NL6517043A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2125541A (en) * 1982-08-13 1984-03-07 Inst Tzvetna Metalurgia Method and device for determination of dust content in dust gas flows

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3612859A (en) * 1968-01-31 1971-10-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp Method for measuring and controlling the density of a metallic vapor
US3590777A (en) * 1969-03-13 1971-07-06 United Aircarft Corp Ingot feed drive
US3667421A (en) * 1970-09-17 1972-06-06 United Aircraft Corp Mechanism for controlling the thickness of a coating in a vapor deposition apparatus
US3984581A (en) * 1973-02-28 1976-10-05 Carl Zeiss-Stiftung Method for the production of anti-reflection coatings on optical elements made of transparent organic polymers
JPS5435920B2 (en) * 1974-06-10 1979-11-06
US4036167A (en) * 1976-01-30 1977-07-19 Inficon Leybold-Heraeus Inc. Apparatus for monitoring vacuum deposition processes
US4292341A (en) * 1980-02-26 1981-09-29 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Method of controlling the index profile of optical fiber preforms
DE4336682C1 (en) * 1993-10-27 1994-10-27 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Method for electron-beam vapour coating (vapour depositing, vacuum depositing) with multi-component evaporation material
EP0665577A1 (en) * 1994-01-28 1995-08-02 Applied Materials, Inc. Method and apparatus for monitoring the deposition rate of films during physical vapour deposition
FR3089299B1 (en) * 2018-11-29 2021-06-04 Commissariat Energie Atomique EVAPORATION FUMES ANALYSIS METHOD, COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCT, ASSOCIATED ANALYSIS SYSTEM AND ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING PLANT
WO2020104744A1 (en) * 2018-11-20 2020-05-28 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Method for analyzing evaporation fumes, computer program product, analysis system and additive manufacturing facility associated therewith

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3230110A (en) * 1962-01-22 1966-01-18 Temescal Metallurgical Corp Method of forming carbon vapor barrier
US3246146A (en) * 1963-07-11 1966-04-12 Ass Elect Ind Apparatus for the X-ray analysis of a liquid suspension of specimen material

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2125541A (en) * 1982-08-13 1984-03-07 Inst Tzvetna Metalurgia Method and device for determination of dust content in dust gas flows

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US3373278A (en) 1968-03-12
BE674605A (en) 1966-06-30
FR1461909A (en) 1966-12-09
NL6517043A (en) 1966-07-07

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