FR3077586A1 - CONSTRUCTION PANEL FOR A MODULAR CONSTRUCTION OF A WALL - Google Patents

Abstract

Construction panel (1) for a modular construction of a wall (10) of composite sandwich panel type having an insulating central core interposed between an inner facing wall (11) and an outer facing wall, wherein said central core presents an inner face (21) on which is secured the inner facing wall and an outer face on which is secured the outer facing wall, and wherein the building panel has two opposite longitudinal edges intended to extend vertically, and a lower side edge and an upper side edge intended to extend horizontally, where the internal face of the central core has at least one longitudinal groove (23) extending parallel to the longitudinal edges and accessible at the upper side edge, said longitudinal groove thus delimiting with the inner facing wall a longitudinal trough for the passage of at least one n electric cable.

Description

The present invention relates to a building panel for a modular construction of a wall, and also to a wall comprising at least two such assembled building panels.

It relates more particularly to a construction panel of the composite sandwich panel type, that is to say comprising a central insulating core interposed between an internal facing wall and an external facing wall.

In the field of modular construction, it is known from documents W02004 / 094739 and FR2444132 to use composite sandwich panels to form walls.

The advantages of using these composite sandwich panels are in particular the low manufacturing and construction costs, as well as the reduced construction times provided by modularity with the manufacture of the panels in the workshop, therefore off-site, and the construction of the walls by assembly. edge to edge panels.

However, the use of such composite sandwich panels poses difficulties and constraints in terms of insulation, passage of electrical cables and mechanical strength.

The present invention aims to provide a construction panel which provides a passage for electrical cables (high and / or low current) integrated into the construction panel, with ease of access to electrical cables by an electrician during wiring. construction.

Another object of the invention is to allow faster and easier construction, without handling equipment, for the purpose of building a modular, independent housing or in the form of an extension of an existing housing.

Another object of the invention is to allow the construction of a modular housing without necessarily using a support slab or a concrete supporting structure, thus offering optimal modularity over time as it allows the construction to be enlarged as needed.

Another object of the invention is to offer panels with an interior and exterior aesthetic finish that do not require any additional intervention (lining, cladding, coating).

To this end, it offers a construction panel for a modular construction of a wall, in which the construction panel is a composite sandwich panel comprising an insulating central core interposed between an internal facing wall and an external facing wall, where this central core has an internal face on which the internal facing wall is fixed and an external face on which the external facing wall is fixed, and in which the building panel has two opposite longitudinal edges provided to extend vertically in the wall and two opposite lateral edges, comprising an upper lateral edge and a lower lateral edge, intended to extend horizontally into the wall, this construction panel being remarkable in that the internal face of the central core has at least one groove longitudinal extending parallel to the longitudinal edges and accessible at level d u upper lateral edge, this longitudinal groove thus delimiting with the internal facing wall a longitudinal trough intended for the passage of at least one electric cable.

Thus, thanks to such a longitudinal chute, the electric cables can pass directly behind the internal facing wall, in the longitudinal groove between the central core and the internal facing wall, which will allow the electrical network to be distributed directly in the construction panel. According to the invention, the longitudinal chute is not provided in the thickness of the central core, but is indeed provided on the internal face of the central core, with the longitudinal groove, which allows an electrician to carry out a simple drilling in the internal facing wall, at the level of the longitudinal groove, to access the electric cable and thus easily install a switch, an electrical outlet, an electric control (for example for a roller shutter, a heating appliance, an air conditioning unit, ...), a network outlet, ....

The longitudinal groove is accessible at the level of the upper side edge as it is possible to introduce an electric cable from the top, on the side of the upper side edge of the construction panel, and to bring this electric cable inside. of the longitudinal groove, in other words inside the longitudinal chute, to lower it down from the construction panel to the desired height.

According to one characteristic, the central core has an upper lateral slot provided in the upper lateral edge and opening into the two longitudinal edges, where the upper lateral slot is delimited laterally by an inner upper portion and an outer upper portion of the central core , and where the longitudinal groove crosses the internal upper portion of the central core and is in communication with said upper lateral slot to allow the passage of the electric cable between the longitudinal chute and the upper lateral slot, said upper lateral slot being intended to receive internally an upper lateral beam of the wall.

This upper lateral slot will allow both to receive the upper lateral beam of the wall, which forms a structuring and alignment element for the construction panels, as well as allowing the passage of the electric cables in the upper part (in particular inside of the upper side beam), these electric cables can then be deployed in the longitudinal chute (s) to pull the electrical sockets, switches, ...

According to another characteristic, the construction panel has an internal upper hatch comprising an upper portion of the internal facing wall on which the internal upper portion of the central core is secured, where said internal upper hatch is detachable from the construction panel so that a detachment of the internal upper hatch allows access to the upper lateral slot and to the longitudinal chute.

Thus, this internal upper hatch will allow access to the upper lateral slot (and therefore to the upper lateral beam of the wall) and therefore to access the electrical cables circulating in the upper lateral slot (and possibly in the upper lateral beam) and in the longitudinal chute (s).

The internal upper hatch thus forms a detachable piece of the construction panel, incorporating the upper portion of the internal facing wall and the internal upper portion of the central core.

This internal upper hatch thus forms an inspection hatch for wiring, checking, maintenance and repair operations on the electrical network.

In a particular embodiment, the internal upper hatch extends from one of the longitudinal edges to the other of the longitudinal edges of the construction panel, in other words the internal upper hatch extends over the entire width of the panel of construction.

Advantageously, the central core has two longitudinal grooves comprising a first longitudinal groove extending along one of the longitudinal edges and a second longitudinal groove extending along the other of the longitudinal edges of the building panel.

In a particular embodiment, the central core has longitudinal grooves formed in the longitudinal edges of the respective construction panel and extending from the lower lateral edge to the upper lateral edge, said longitudinal grooves being intended to receive posts internally. longitudinal provided for a junction between two adjacent building panels.

According to one possibility of the invention, the construction panel is a load-bearing panel.

It is also conceivable that the building panel is non-load-bearing, for example by being integrated within a metal frame, preferably with thermal break, forming a frame receiving the building panels.

According to another possibility of the invention, the construction panel is pre-wired, integrating at least one electric cable placed inside a longitudinal trough and accessible at the level of the upper lateral edge.

Thus, the electric cable (s) are directly integrated into the construction panels.

Of course, within the meaning of the invention, the construction panel may not be pre-wired, in other words the construction panel is delivered to the site without cables, and it is only after the wall has been mounted that the cables are deployed and pulled into the wall, in other words in building panels.

Alternatively, the inner facing wall is secured by bonding to the inner face of the central core and the outer facing wall is secured by bonding to the outer face of the central core.

The invention also relates to a wall comprising at least two construction panels according to the invention, in which the two construction panels are assembled and joined along their respective longitudinal edges facing each other.

According to one characteristic, each building panel is of the type having an upper lateral slit in the central core, as described above, and in this case the wall also comprises an upper lateral beam received inside the upper lateral slits of the panels. of construction, where this upper lateral beam has an internal lateral chute open on the inner upper portion of the central core and thus in communication with the longitudinal groove in order to allow the passage of an electric cable between the longitudinal chute and the chute internal lateral of the upper lateral beam.

Thus, the electric cable (s) can circulate inside the upper lateral beam, in the internal lateral chute, and this or these electric cables can then be directed inside a longitudinal chute, with possibly a possibility of by means of the internal upper hatch.

According to another advantageous characteristic of the invention, the upper lateral beam has an upper wing and a lower wing facing each other, where this lower wing rests at the bottom of the upper lateral slots of the construction panels and this upper wing mouth these upper lateral slots of the building panels, and where this lower wing has an internal flange folded over to delimit the internal lateral chute of the upper lateral beam.

According to one possibility, the upper wing of the upper lateral beam is level with the upper lateral edges of the construction panels.

According to another possibility, the internal facing wall and the external facing wall are screwed onto the upper lateral beam by means of screws passing through the central core

The present invention also relates to the characteristic according to which each construction panel has its lower lateral edge received inside a lower rail of a lower lateral beam, this lower rail comprising an external blade against which the facing wall is disposed. external, an internal blade against which is disposed the internal facing wall and a bottom blade against which the lower lateral edge rests.

Advantageously, the lower lateral beam is a beam with thermal break which comprises an external profile provided with the external blade, an internal profile provided with the internal blade and at least one insulating strip interposed between the external profile and the internal profile.

Thanks to such a thermal break beam, the thermal insulation of the wall, between the interior and the exterior, is further improved.

According to one characteristic, each construction panel is of the type having longitudinal grooves in the central core, as described above, and in this case the wall also comprises a longitudinal post providing a junction between the respective longitudinal edges facing screws of the two adjacent construction panels, where this longitudinal post is received inside the longitudinal grooves formed in said longitudinal edges.

According to one possibility, this longitudinal post has a lower end provided with at least one tongue projecting horizontally and which is engaged inside a slide provided in the lower lateral beam in order to avoid lifting of the longitudinal post relative to the lower side beam.

Alternatively, the lower end of the longitudinal post is provided with two tabs, an inner side and an outer side, which are each engaged in a dedicated slide, improving the anti-lifting function.

According to one possibility, this longitudinal post has an upper end provided with at least one tongue projecting horizontally and which is screwed onto the upper lateral beam, thus providing a tear-off function between the longitudinal post and the upper lateral beam.

Advantageously, the internal facing wall and the external facing wall are screwed onto the longitudinal post by means of screws passing through the central core.

The invention also relates to a modular construction comprising at least one wall according to the invention.

According to one possibility, this modular construction also comprises a roof composed of the assembly of roof panels of the composite sandwich panel type, where this roof is supported at least in part by the wall.

Advantageously, this roof is self-supporting.

Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will appear on reading the detailed description below, of an example of non-limiting implementation, made with reference to the appended figures in which:

- Figure 1 is a schematic perspective and exploded view of a construction panel according to an embodiment of the invention;

- Figures 2 to 4 are schematic views respectively from the side, from below and from above of the construction panel of Figure 1;

- Figure 5 is a schematic perspective view of a straight wall comprising three building panels according to Figure 1, seen from the outside and in an exploded version to view the lower side beam, two longitudinal posts and the upper side beam ;

- Figure 6 is a schematic view in horizontal and partial section of the wall according to Figure 5, in order to view the junction edge to edge by means of the longitudinal posts;

- Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional and vertical view of one of the wall construction panels according to Figures 5 and 6, in order to visualize the coupling of the construction panel with the lower side beam and the upper side beam ;

- Figure 8 is a schematic zoomed view on the top of the construction panel of Figure 7, to view the upper side beam;

- Figure 9 is a schematic zoomed view on the bottom of the construction panel of Figure 7, to view the lower side beam;

- Figure 10 is a schematic perspective view of the wall according to Figure 5, seen from the inside, where one of the construction panels has both a detached inner top hatch and an inner facing wall apart to properly view a longitudinal bleeding;

- Figure 11 is a schematic perspective view of the top of a construction panel of Figure 1, seen from the inside, in coupling with the upper side beam and a longitudinal post;

- Figure 12 is a schematic perspective view of the bottom of a construction panel of Figure 1, seen from the inside, in coupling with the lower side beam and a longitudinal post;

- Figure 13 is a schematic view of a cross section of a longitudinal post;

- Figure 14 is a schematic perspective view of a hooking tab intended to be fixed on a lower or upper end of a longitudinal post in order to form a tongue projecting horizontally;

- Figure 15 is a schematic perspective view of a corner wall (or a corner wall) comprising two construction panels according to Figure 1, seen from the inside and in an exploded version in order to visualize an upper lateral beam corner, four longitudinal posts, a corner post, and lower side beams;

- Figure 16 is a schematic view in horizontal and partial section of the corner wall according to Figure 15, in order to view the corner junction by means of two longitudinal posts and a corner post;

- Figure 17 is a schematic perspective view of a straight wall comprising two building panels according to Figure 1 and a door interposed between the two building panels, seen from the outside and in an exploded version in order to view the side beam upper, the door frame and an upper insulating module provided to cover the top of the door frame;

- Figure 18 is a schematic view in horizontal and partial section of the wall according to Figure 17, without the door, to view the junction of the door frame on the building panels;

- Figure 19 is a schematic perspective view of the upper insulating module used in the wall of Figure 17;

- Figure 20 is a schematic perspective view of a straight wall comprising two construction panels according to Figure 1 and a window interposed between the two construction panels, seen from the outside and in an exploded version in order to view the frame from the window, an upper insulating module provided to cover the top of the window frame and an upper insulating module provided to cover the bottom of the window frame;

- Figure 21 is a schematic perspective view of the wall with door of Figure 17, with a roof partially resting on this wall and comprising an assembly of roof panels;

- Figure 22 is a schematic perspective and exploded view of a construction panel according to an alternative embodiment; and

- Figure 23 is a schematic cross-sectional and vertical view of one of the wall construction panels according to Figures 5 and 6, similar to that of Figure 8 except in that the sectional plane passes at a longitudinal post and in that screws are illustrated.

With reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 and 22, a construction panel 1 according to one embodiment of the invention is a composite sandwich panel comprising an insulating central core 2 interposed between an internal facing wall 11 and an external facing wall 12 Such a construction panel 1 is provided for a modular construction of a wall 10 visible in FIGS. 5 to 12, 15 to 17, 20 and 21.

The central core 2 presents:

- A flat internal face 21, intended to be on the internal side of the construction;

- a flat outer face 22, intended to be on the outer side of the construction

The material of the core 2 is in particular chosen from the following materials:

- organic polymer materials, in particular expanded or extruded, preferably produced in the form of porous foam (eg. high density expanded polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam, polyester foam, polyether foam, ...);

- inorganic materials, in particular expanded or extruded, preferably produced in the form of porous foam such as glass foam;

- silicone foams;

- fibrous materials made from cellulose or natural fibers; and

- fibrous materials made from wood.

The internal facing wall 11 is secured, in particular by gluing, to the internal face 21 of the central core 2, and the external facing wall 12 is secured, in particular by gluing, to the external face 22 of the central core 2 .

The facing walls 11, 12 are more rigid than the central core 2, and may include a fibrous reinforcement. As a variant, the facing walls 11, 12 can be produced without a fibrous reinforcement, for example in materials such as wood, wood derivatives, metal, ceramics, thermoplastic plastics, etc.

The construction panel 1 has a substantially parallelepiped shape, bordered:

- in the longitudinal direction by opposite longitudinal edges 13, 14, respectively a longitudinal edge on the right 13 and a longitudinal edge on the left 14, these longitudinal edges 13, 14 being provided to extend vertically once the construction panel 1 in place in wall 10 or construction; and

- in the width direction by opposite side edges 15, 16, respectively a lower side edge 15 and an upper side edge 16, these side edges 15, 16 being provided to extend horizontally once the construction panel 1 in place in wall 10 or construction; and

- in the thickness direction through the facing walls 11, 12.

Thus, the dimensions of the construction panel 1 are as follows:

- The length (or height) LO of the construction panel 1 corresponds to the length of the longitudinal edges 13, 14 or to the spacing between the lateral edges 15, 16;

- The width LA of the construction panel 1 corresponds to the length of the side edges 15, 16 or to the spacing between the longitudinal edges 13, 14;

- the thickness EP of the building panel 1 corresponds to the spacing between the facing walls 11, 12, in other words the sum of the thicknesses of the central core 2 and the facing walls 11, 12.

As shown in Figures 1, 3 and 4, the inner face 21 of the central core 2 has two longitudinal grooves 23 extending in the lengthwise direction of the construction panel 1, in other words extending parallel to the longitudinal edges 13, 14.

In the embodiment of FIG. 1, these longitudinal grooves 23 extend over the entire length (or height) of the construction panel 1 and thus open both into the upper lateral edge 16 (as visible in FIG. 4) and in the lower lateral edge 15 (as visible in FIG. 3).

In the alternative embodiment of FIG. 22, these longitudinal grooves 23 do not extend over the entire length (or height) of the construction panel 1 and lead only into the lower lateral edge 15.

These longitudinal grooves 23 include a first longitudinal groove 23 extending along the longitudinal edge on the right 13 and a second longitudinal groove 23 extending along the longitudinal edge on the left 14. It would have been conceivable to provide only one longitudinal groove 23. The or each longitudinal groove 23 does not, however, open into the longitudinal edges 13, 14, in other words the or each longitudinal groove 23 is located at a distance from each longitudinal edge 13,

14. By way of example, with reference to FIG. 3, the distance D between the first longitudinal groove 23 and the longitudinal edge on the right 13 is the same as the distance D between the second longitudinal groove 23 and the longitudinal edge on the left 14.

Thus, due to the plating and the joining (in particular by gluing) of the internal facing wall 11 on the internal face 21 of the central core 2, the or each longitudinal groove 23 delimits with the internal facing wall 11 a chute longitudinal 24 intended for the passage of at least one electric cable, such as for example and without limitation a strong current cable, a single-strand cable, a multi-strand cable, a weak current cable, a telephone communication cable, a network cable such as '' Ethernet cable, FTP cable or UTP cable.

Thus, and with reference to FIGS. 1 and 10, it will suffice to carry out a drilling PE at the level of the longitudinal trough 24 and at the desired height, to access the electric cable and place a socket outlet PR (as in the example illustrated) or a switch, an electrical control, a network outlet, ...

Furthermore, the central core 2 has an upper lateral slot 25 provided in the upper lateral edge. This upper lateral slit 25 extends in the width direction of the building panel 1, in other words extends parallel to the lateral edges 15, 16. As described later, this upper lateral slit 25 is intended to internally receive a lateral beam top 3 of wall 10.

This upper lateral slit 25 extends over the entire width of the construction panel 1 and thus opens both into the longitudinal edge on the right 13 and in the longitudinal edge on the left 14.

In the thickness direction of the construction panel 1, the upper lateral slit 25 does not extend over the entire thickness of the central core 2, so that this upper lateral slit 25 is delimited laterally by an internal upper portion 26 (located on the side of the internal facing wall

11) and an outer upper portion 27 (located on the side of the outer facing wall 12) of the central core 2, as visible in FIGS. 1 and 2.

It should be noted that the or each longitudinal groove 23 passes through the upper internal portion 26 of the central core 2 over its entire thickness, in other words the or each longitudinal groove 23 has a depth equivalent to the thickness of the internal upper portion 26 .

In the embodiment of FIG. 1, where the longitudinal grooves 23 extend over the entire length (or height) of the construction panel 1, the longitudinal grooves 23 pass through the internal upper portion 26 over its entire height, so that this internal upper portion 26 of the central core 2 is in the form of three pieces because there are two longitudinal grooves 23.

In the alternative embodiment of FIG. 22, where the longitudinal grooves 23 do not extend over the entire length (or height) of the construction panel 1, the longitudinal grooves 23 do not cross the internal upper portion 26 over its entire height , so that this internal upper portion 26 of the central core 2 is in the form of a single piece (monobloc) in which slots or notches are formed in the lower part to define the upper ends of the respective longitudinal grooves 23.

In the embodiment of Figure 1, as in the variant of Figure 22, the or each longitudinal groove 23 opens into the upper lateral slot 25, and thus the or each longitudinal groove 23 is in communication with the upper lateral slot 25 to allow the passage of the electric cable between the longitudinal chute 24 and the upper lateral slot 25. Thus, the or each longitudinal groove 23 is accessible at the level of the upper lateral edge 16.

As can be seen in particular in FIGS. 1, 2 and 10, the construction panel 1 has an internal upper hatch 18 comprising:

- An upper portion 19 of the internal facing wall 11; and

- the upper internal portion 26 of the central core 2 on which is secured (in particular by gluing) the upper portion 19 of the internal facing wall 11.

The internal upper hatch 18 extends over the entire width of the construction panel 1, from the longitudinal edge on the right 13 to the longitudinal edge on the left 14. The internal upper hatch 18 has a height equivalent to the depth of the slot upper side 25.

The upper portion 19 of the inner facing wall 11 is not integral with the rest of the inner facing wall 11, just as the upper inner portion 26 of the central core 2 is not integral with the rest of the core central 2. Thus, this internal upper hatch 18 is detachable from the construction panel 1 so that a detachment from the internal upper hatch 18 allows access to the upper lateral slot 25 and to the longitudinal chute 24. Such an internal upper hatch 18 thus forms an inspection hatch for wiring, checking, maintenance and repair operations on the electrical network.

As can be seen in FIGS. 1 to 4, the central core 2 also has longitudinal grooves 28, 29 formed in the respective longitudinal edges 13, 14 of the building panel 1, with respectively a longitudinal groove on the right 28 in the longitudinal edge at right 13 and a longitudinal groove on the left 29 in the longitudinal edge on the left 14. As described later, these longitudinal grooves 28, 29 are intended to receive internally longitudinal posts 5 provided for an edge to edge junction between two adjacent building panels 1 .

These longitudinal grooves 28, 29 extend over the entire length (or height) of the construction panel 1 and thus open both into the upper lateral edge 16 (as visible in FIG. 4) and into the lower lateral edge 15 ( as shown in Figure 3). Due to the presence of the upper lateral slit 25, the longitudinal grooves 28, 29 stop at the level of the upper lateral slit 25 and therefore open into the upper lateral slit 25.

The remainder of the description relates to the wall 10 obtained by the assembly of several construction panels 1, and to the method of construction of such a wall 10, where such a wall 10 comprises at least two construction panels 1, in which the two construction panels 1 are assembled edge to edge and joined along their respective longitudinal edges 13, 14 opposite.

As shown in Figures 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 17 and 21, the wall 10 further comprises at least one upper side beam 3 received inside the upper side slots 25 of the building panels 1, such upper lateral beam 3 thus forming a wall head beam, in other words a structuring element for the wall 10 in the upper part and capable of promoting an alignment of the construction panels 1. This upper lateral beam 3 thus forms the upper chaining of the wall 10 Such an upper lateral beam 3 will extend horizontally and at least partially support, with the construction panels 1, a roof 100, and in particular a horizontal self-supporting roof.

With reference to FIG. 8, this upper lateral beam 3 has:

a height substantially equivalent to the depth PF of the upper lateral slots 25, and

a width substantially equivalent to the width LF of the upper lateral slots 25.

Thus, the upper lateral beam 3 is placed in an adjusted manner both in height and in width inside the upper lateral slots 25, without, however, the upper lateral beam 3 protruding from the upper lateral edge 16. Thus, the beam upper lateral 3 is substantially level with the upper lateral edges 16 of the construction panels 1.

With reference to FIG. 8, this upper lateral beam 3 has an upper wing 31 and a lower wing 32 facing each other and which extend horizontally in the wall 10, and at least one junction wing 33 which ensures the junction between the upper wing 31 and the lower wing 32. The height of the upper lateral beam 3 corresponds to the spacing between the upper wing 31 and the lower wing 32.

The lower wing 32 rests at the bottom of the upper lateral slots 25 of the construction panels 1, while the upper wing 31 extends at the start of the upper lateral slots 25 (at the level of the upper lateral edges 16) and blocks these lateral slots upper 25. Thus, the upper wing 31 is level with the upper side edges 16 of the building panels 1.

In the embodiment of FIG. 8, the upper lateral beam 3 is formed by the assembly of two identical sections, each having a “C” section, these two sections being mounted back to back and fixed one to the other (in particular by welding or by bolting by means of a screw / nut assembly 330 visible in FIG. 23) to have an upper lateral beam 3 having a “H” section. Thus, the junction wing 33 joins the upper wing 31 to the lower wing 32 in their middle, so that the wings 31, 32 extend on either side of the junction wing 33.

The lower wing 32 has:

- An internal rim 320 folded at a right angle, this internal rim 320 being pressed against the internal upper portion 26 of the central core 2; and

- an outer rim 321 folded at a right angle, this outer rim 321 being pressed against the upper outer portion 27 of the central core 2.

Similarly, the upper wing 31 has:

- An internal rim 310 folded at a right angle, this internal rim 320 being coplanar with the internal rim 320 and being pressed against the internal upper portion 26 of the central core 2; and

- an outer rim 311 folded at a right angle, this outer rim 311 being coplanar with the inner rim 310 and being pressed against the upper upper portion 27 of the central core 2.

Although not shown, closure plates may be provided to close the ends of the upper side beam 3. The upper side beam 3 may, for this purpose, have longitudinal holes provided for the reception of screws which will clamp and fix the plates closing on the ends of the upper lateral beam 3; these longitudinal holes being in particular formed in the form of internal cells of general "C" or "O" shape, conventionally called alveovis, which will for example be provided at the base of the flanges 320, 321, 310, 311.

The lower wing 32 delimits with its internal rim 320, and also with the joining wing 33, an internal lateral chute 34 (identified in FIGS. 7, 8 and 10) which is open on the internal upper portion 26 of the central core 2 and which is thus in communication with the longitudinal groove 23 (and therefore with the longitudinal trough 24) in order to allow the passage of an electric cable between the longitudinal trough 24 and the internal lateral trough 34 of the upper lateral beam 3.

Thus, the electrical cables can flow inside the upper lateral beam 3, in the internal lateral chute 34, and these electrical cables can then be routed inside a longitudinal chute 24 (or in a longitudinal groove 23 ) with a possibility of access to the electric cables arranged in the internal lateral chute 34 by means of the internal upper hatches 18 of the construction panels 1.

The external facing wall 12 of each construction panel 1 is screwed onto the upper lateral beam 3, and more precisely onto the external rim 311 of the upper wing 31 by means of screws 291 passing through the central core 2; a screw 291 being visible in FIG. 23. These screws 291 can be of the self-drilling (or self-drilling) waterproof type. In FIGS. 5 and 17, the use of these screws is illustrated by the drilling holes 191.

The internal facing wall 11 of each construction panel 1 is screwed onto the upper lateral beam 3 by means of screws passing through the central core 2. More precisely, the upper portion 19 of the internal facing wall 11 is screwed at the same time on the internal rim 310 of the upper wing 31 by means of screws 292 (FIG. 23 illustrates a screw 292, and, in FIG. 10, the use of these screws is illustrated by the drilling holes 192) and on the internal rim 320 of the lower wing 32 by means of screws 293 (FIG. 23 illustrates a screw 293 and, in FIG. 10, the use of these screws is illustrated by the drilling holes 193). These screws 292, 293 can also be of the self-drilling (or self-drilling) waterproof type.

As shown in Figures 5, 7, 9, 10, 12, 17 and 21, the wall 10 further comprises at least one lower lateral beam 4 which receives the lower part of the construction panels 1, such a lower lateral beam 4 forming thus a wall threshold beam, in other words a structuring element for the wall 10 in the lower part and suitable for promoting an alignment of the construction panels 1.

This lower lateral beam 4 thus forms the lower chaining of the wall 10. Such a lower lateral beam 4 is previously installed on the ground, horizontally, before the installation of the construction panels 1, possibly on a slab previously made, for example and not restrictive in the form of a concrete slab.

More specifically, and with reference to FIGS. 9 and 12, the lower lateral beam 4 has a lower rail 40 receiving the lower lateral edge 15 of one or more construction panels 1. Thus, each construction panel 1 has its lower lateral edge 15 which is received inside a lower rail 40 of a lower side beam 4. The building panels 1 are not screwed into the lower side beam (s) 4, and are only slid inside those -this.

This lower rail 40 has a U-shaped section and includes an internal blade 41 against which is disposed the internal facing wall 11, an external blade 42 against which is disposed the external facing wall 12, and a bottom blade 43 against which rests the lower side edge 15.

The spacing between the two blades 41, 42 is substantially greater than the thickness of the construction panel 1, so that the lower lateral edge 15 of the construction panel 1 is mounted adjusted inside this lower rail 40.

The lower lateral beam 4 also has a base 44 resting against the support or floor SO so that the bottom blade 43 of the lower rail 40 is raised relative to the support or floor SO. Drainage orifices are provided in the bottom blade 43, to allow evacuation to the base 44 of any infiltration water.

The lower lateral beam 4 is a thermal break beam which comprises an internal profile 45 provided with the internal blade 41, an external profile 46 provided with the external blade 42 and two insulating bars 47 (in particular made of plastic) interposed between the internal profile 45 and external profile 46, with an insulating strip 47 at the level of the bottom blade 43 and an insulating strip 47 at the base 44. The drainage orifices will preferably be provided in the external profile 46.

The lower lateral beam 4 also has two slides 48 which face each other and which are provided in the bottom blade 43 on the side of the external profile 46. The function of these slides 48 will be described later.

As visible in FIGS. 5, 6, 11, 12, 15, 20, the wall 10 also comprises longitudinal posts 5 used for the edge-to-edge junctions between the respective longitudinal edges 13, 14 facing the panels of construction 1 adjacent.

Each longitudinal post 5 is received inside the longitudinal grooves 28, 29 formed in the respective longitudinal edges 13, 14 facing the adjacent building panels 1. In other words, a longitudinal post 5 is received both inside a longitudinal right groove 28 in the longitudinal right edge 13 of a building panel 1 and inside a longitudinal groove on the left 29 in the longitudinal edge on the left 14 of another construction panel 1.

Each longitudinal post 5 has a length (or height) substantially equivalent to the length (or height) of a longitudinal groove

28, 29, so that the longitudinal post 5 has a lower end 50 (see FIG. 12) at the level of the lower lateral edges 15 of the adjacent building panels 1, and an upper end 51 (see FIG. 11) at the bottom of the upper side slots 25 of adjacent building panels 1.

Referring to Figure 12, the lower end 50 of each longitudinal post 5 is provided with two tabs 52 projecting horizontally, with a tab 52 on the inner side and a tab 52 on the outer side, where the two tabs 52 are engaged to the inside the respective runners 48 which are provided in the lower lateral beam 4, so that these tabs 52 prevent the longitudinal post 5 from being lifted or torn off relative to the lower lateral beam 4.

More specifically, two hooking lugs 53 in the shape of an "L" are fixed (in particular by screwing) to the lower end 50 of the longitudinal post 5, where each hooking lug 53 has a plate 54 fixed to the lower end 50 and the tongue 52 at right angles to the plate 54.

Referring to Figure 11, the upper end 51 of each longitudinal post 5 is also provided with a tongue 52 projecting horizontally, internal side (or external side), where this tongue 52 is pressed and screwed on the upper lateral beam 3, and more precisely on its lower wing 32, so that this tongue 52 avoids tearing of the longitudinal post 5 relative to the upper lateral beam 3. FIG. 23 illustrates a screw 252 used to screw the tongue 52 on the lower wing 32 of the upper side beam 3.

The external facing wall 12 of each construction panel 1 is screwed onto the two longitudinal posts 5 which are joined to it by means of screws 294 passing through the central core 2; a screw 294 being visible in FIG. 23. These screws 294 can be of the self-drilling (or self-drilling) screw type. In FIGS. 5 and 17, the use of these screws is illustrated by the drilling holes 194.

The internal facing wall 11 of each construction panel 1 is screwed onto the two longitudinal posts 5 which are joined to it by means of screws 295 passing through the central core 2; a screw 295 being visible in FIG. 23. These screws 295 can be of the self-drilling (or self-drilling) type. In FIG. 10, the use of these screws is illustrated by the drilling holes 195.

With reference to FIGS. 15 and 16, for a corner wall 10 (or a corner wall), two construction panels 1 are joined at a right angle using:

- An upper lateral corner beam 300 which corresponds to two portions of an upper lateral beam 3 having ends cut at 45 ° to be joined at a right angle;

- A lower corner lateral beam 400 which corresponds to two portions of a lower lateral beam 4 having ends sectioned at 45 ° to be joined at a right angle;

- a corner post 6 comprising a block 60 of square section, made of the same material as the central core 2, having a length (or height) equivalent to that of the longitudinal grooves 28, 29, having two contiguous faces (and therefore orthogonal) in which are longitudinal grooves 68, 69 similar to the longitudinal grooves 28, 29, and two other contiguous (and therefore orthogonal) faces on which are secured (in particular by gluing) strips 61 as high as the facing walls 11, 12 and made of the same material as the facing walls 11, 12;

- two longitudinal posts 5;

- a connecting plate 7 in "L" shape.

When assembling the 10 corner wall:

- the two construction panels 1 are received in the lower corner lateral beam 400,

- The two longitudinal posts 5 are received in the corresponding longitudinal grooves 28, 29 of the two construction panels 1 and in the longitudinal grooves 68, 69 of the corner post 6, with their lower ends 50 received in the relevant slides 48 of the corner lower side beam 400;

- The upper lateral corner beam 300 is placed in the upper lateral slots 25 of the two construction panels 1, also bearing on the top of the block 60 of the corner post 6;

the connecting plate 7 is screwed onto the two right-angle portions which form the upper lateral corner beam 300.

In the case of a wall 10 with an outgoing angle, as in the example illustrated in FIGS. 15 and 16, the strips 61 are turned towards the outside and extend the external facing walls 12 of the two construction panels 1. In the case of an incoming corner wall 10 (not illustrated), the strips 61 are turned on the inside and extend the internal facing walls 11 of the two construction panels 1.

As can be seen in FIGS. 17 to 21, joinery, of the door 8 or window 9 type, can be inserted between two construction panels 1 in a wall 10.

With reference to FIGS. 17 to 19 and 21, in the case of a door 8, a frame 80 is provided for the door 8, which comprises two vertical uprights 81 (to the right and left of the door 8) and an upright upper 82 (above door 8), where these uprights 81, 82 are uprights with thermal break which are produced with the same profiles 45, 46 and insulating bars 47 as for the lower lateral beams 4. In other words , the uprights 81, 82 and the lower lateral beams 4 are identical.

The vertical uprights 81 can be secured in the lower part with the lower lateral beams 4 which at least partially receive the two construction panels 1 arranged on either side of the door 8.

With reference to FIG. 18, each vertical upright 81 is joined to a longitudinal edge 13 or 14 of a construction panel 1, as follows (for the rest, as the vertical uprights 81 have the same structure as the lower lateral beams 4 , reference will be made to the structural elements of the lower side beam 4):

- The longitudinal edge 13, 14 concerned is received inside the lower rail 40, and the base 44 is located on the side of the door 8;

- A junction post 83 is engaged inside the longitudinal groove 28 or 29 formed in the longitudinal edge 13, 14 concerned and this junction post 83 has tongues or lugs which are engaged in the slides 48 of the vertical upright 81 .

For each construction panel 1 bordering a door 8, the external facing wall 12 and the internal facing wall 11 are screwed onto the junction post 83 which is joined to it by means of screws passing through the blades 41, 42 of the vertical upright 81 concerned and passing through the central core 2. These screws can be of the self-drilling (or self-drilling) type. In FIG. 17, the use of these screws is illustrated by the drilling holes 196.

An upper insulating module 84 is also provided which covers the top of the frame 80, and more precisely which is received in the upper upright 82. With reference to FIGS. 17 and 19, this upper insulating module 84 comprises a block 85 produced in the same material as the central core 2, having a "U" section to define a slot 87 of the same dimensions (depth and width) as the upper side slots 25, and where this block 85 is framed by bands 86 made in the same material as the facing walls 11, 12.

In situation, the upper lateral beam 3 is received both in the upper lateral slots 25 of the two construction panels 1 and in the slot 87 of the upper insulating module 84, and the strips 86 respectively extend the external facing walls 12 and the internal facing walls 11 of the two construction panels 1.

This upper insulating module 84 is screwed onto the upper lateral beam 3 and also onto the upper upright 82. These screws can be of the self-drilling (or self-drilling) screw type.

With reference to FIG. 20, in the case of a window 9, a frame 90 is provided for the window 9, which comprises two vertical uprights 91 (to the right and to the left of the window 9), an upper upright 92 ( above window 9), and a lower amount 93 (below window 9).

As for the frame 80 of the door 8, these uprights 91, 92, 93 are uprights with thermal break which are produced with the same profiles 45, 46 and insulating bars 47 as for the lower lateral beams 4. In other words , the uprights 91, 92, 93 and the lower lateral beams 4 are identical.

The junction of the vertical uprights 91 on the longitudinal edges 13, 14 concerned is identical to the junction described above of the vertical uprights 81 on the longitudinal edges 13, 14. As in the case of the door 8, there is provided a upper insulating module 94 identical to the upper insulating module 84 and which is used to cover the top of the frame 90 and to receive the upper lateral beam 3.

There is also provided a lower insulating module 84 which corresponds to a lower portion of a building panel 1, so that the lower insulating module 84 is received in the lower upright 93 and is joined edge to edge with the two building panels 1.

With reference to FIG. 21, once the wall 10 has been mounted, this wall 10 can support a roof 100 which can, optionally, be itself composed of the assembly of roof panels 101 of the composite sandwich panel type.

The invention finds an application for different types of construction, such as for example and without limitation:

- an extension of housing;

- independent construction;

- a professional office for home professions;

- leisure accommodation such as camping;

- emergency accommodation such as a reception camp;

- a secondary or main dwelling.

Claims (21)

1. Construction panel (1) for a modular construction of a wall (10), in which said construction panel (1) is a composite sandwich panel comprising an insulating central core (2) interposed between an internal facing wall ( 11) and an external facing wall (12), where said central core (2) has an internal face (21) on which the internal facing wall (11) is secured and an external face (22) on which the external facing wall (12), and in which the building panel (1) has two opposite longitudinal edges (13, 14) intended to extend vertically in the wall (10) and two opposite lateral edges (15, 16) , comprising a lower lateral edge (15) and an upper lateral edge (16), designed to extend horizontally into the wall (10), said building panel (1) being characterized in that the internal face (21) of the central core (2) has at least one long groove itudinal (23) extending parallel to the longitudinal edges (13, 14) and accessible at the level of the upper lateral edge (16), said longitudinal groove (23) thus delimiting with the internal facing wall (11) a longitudinal trough (24 ) intended for the passage of at least one electric cable. 2. Construction panel (1) according to claim 1, in which the central core (2) has an upper lateral slot (25) provided in the upper lateral edge (16) and opening into the two longitudinal edges (13, 14 ), where the upper lateral slot (25) is delimited laterally by an inner upper portion (26) and an outer upper portion (27) of the central core (2), and where the longitudinal groove (23) passes through the upper portion internal (26) of the central core (2) and is in communication with said upper lateral slot (25) to allow the passage of the electric cable between the longitudinal chute (24) and the upper lateral slot (25), said lateral slot upper (25) being intended to receive internally an upper lateral beam (3) of the wall (10). 3. building panel (1) according to claim 2, wherein the building panel (1) has an internal upper hatch (18) comprising an upper portion (19) of the internal facing wall (11) on which is secured the internal upper portion (26) of the central core (2), where said internal upper hatch (18) is detachable from the construction panel (1) so that a detachment from the internal upper hatch (18) allows access to the upper side slot (25) and to the longitudinal chute (24). 4. Construction panel (1) according to claim 3, in which the internal upper hatch (18) extends from one of the longitudinal edges (13, 14) to the other of the longitudinal edges (13 , 14) of the construction panel (1). 5. Construction panel (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the central core (2) has two longitudinal grooves (23) comprising a first longitudinal groove (23) extending along one longitudinal edges (13, 14) and a second longitudinal groove (23) extending along the other of the longitudinal edges (13, 14) of the building panel (1). 6. Construction panel (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the central core (2) has longitudinal grooves (28, 29) formed in the respective longitudinal edges (13, 14) of the construction panel. (1) and extending from the lower lateral edge (15) to the upper lateral edge (16), said longitudinal grooves (28, 29) being intended to internally receive longitudinal posts (5) provided for a junction between two panels of construction (1) adjacent. 7. Construction panel (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the construction panel (1) is a load-bearing panel. 8. Construction panel (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the construction panel (1) is pre-wired, integrating at least one electric cable disposed inside a longitudinal trough (24 ) and accessible at the upper side edge (16). 9. Wall (10) comprising at least two construction panels (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the two construction panels (1) are assembled and joined along their longitudinal edges (13, 14 ) respective opposite. 10. Wall (10) according to claim 9, wherein each building panel (1) conforms to claim 2 and the wall (10) further comprises an upper side beam (3) received inside the side slots upper (25) construction panels (1), wherein said upper lateral beam (3) has an internal lateral chute (34) open on the internal upper portion (26) of the central core (2) and thus in communication with the longitudinal groove (23) in order to allow the passage of an electric cable between the longitudinal chute (24) and the internal lateral chute (34) of the upper lateral beam (3). 11. Wall (10) according to claim 10, in which the upper lateral beam (3) has an upper wing (31) and a lower wing (32) facing each other, where said lower wing (32) rests on the bottom of the upper side slots (25) of the building panels (1) and said upper wing (31) blocks said upper side slots (25) of the building panels (1), and where said lower wing (32) has an internal rim (310) folded down to delimit the internal lateral chute (34) of the upper lateral beam (3). 12. Wall (10) according to claim 11, in which the upper wing (31) of the upper lateral beam (3) is level with the upper lateral edges (16) of the construction panels (1). 13. Wall (10) according to any one of claims 9 to 12, in which the internal facing wall (11) and the external facing wall (12) are screwed to the upper lateral beam (3) by means of screws crossing the central core (2). 14. Wall (10) according to any one of claims 9 to 13, in which each building panel (1) has its lower lateral edge (15) received inside a lower rail (40) of a lower lateral beam (4), said lower rail (40) comprising an external blade (42) against which the external facing wall (12) is disposed, an internal blade (41) against which the internal facing wall (11) is disposed ) and a bottom blade (43) against which the lower side edge (15) rests. 15. Wall (10) according to claim 14, in which the lower lateral beam (4) is a beam with thermal break which comprises an external profile (46) provided with the external blade (42), an internal profile (45 ) provided with the internal blade (41) and at least one insulating strip (47) interposed between the external profile (46) and the internal profile (45). 16. Wall (10) according to any one of claims 9 to 15, wherein each building panel (1) conforms to claim 6 and the wall (10) further comprises a longitudinal post (5) providing a junction between the respective longitudinal edges (13, 14) facing the two adjacent construction panels (1), where said longitudinal post (5) is received inside the longitudinal grooves (28, 29) formed in said longitudinal edges (13, 14). 17. Wall (10) according to claims 14 and 16, wherein the longitudinal post (5) has a lower end (50) provided with at least one tongue (52) projecting horizontally and which is engaged inside d 'a slide (48) provided in the lower lateral beam (4) in order to avoid lifting of the longitudinal post (5) relative to the lower lateral beam (4). 18. Wall (10) according to claims 10 and 17, wherein the longitudinal post (5) has an upper end (51) provided with at least one tongue (52) projecting horizontally and which is screwed on the upper side beam (3). 19. Wall (10) according to any one of claims 16 to 18, in which the internal facing wall (11) and the external facing wall (12) are screwed to the longitudinal post (5) by means of screws crossing the central core (2). 20. Modular construction comprising at least one wall (10) according to any one of claims 9 to 19. 21. Modular construction according to claim 20, further comprising a roof (100) composed of the assembly of roof panels (101) of the composite sandwich panel type, where said roof (100) is 15 supported at least in part by the wall (10).