FR3059956A1 - STARTING THE THERMAL MOTOR OF A MOTOR VEHICLE WITH MANAGEMENT OF TWO OR MORE BATTERIES IN CASE OF CRITICAL NEED - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a power supply device (11) for supplying the on-board electrical system (19) of a heat engine vehicle via a power supply circuit (14), comprising a motor starting means (15). thermal circuit of the vehicle, powered by a main battery (12) and an electric power generator (16), and an auxiliary battery (13) connected to the electric circuit (14) via a switching means ( 18). The device further comprises a control means (111) configured to actuate said switching means (18) to connect the auxiliary battery to the electrical circuit (14), said control means being configured to decide on the setting in circuit of the auxiliary battery (13), or its disconnection of the circuit (14), as a function of external parameters influencing the starting conditions of the engine. The invention also relates to a method for managing the power supply of a thermal engine vehicle which implements the power supply device (11) according to the invention.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to the general field of land vehicles and in particular motor vehicles. It relates to the management of the electrical energy resources of a vehicle. It relates more particularly to the management of the starting phase of a vehicle as well as the management of electrical energy resources, in particular before the engine is started.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION ...... VINT ΑΝΤΕΝΙΕΙΙΗ [002] The strategies for gaining fuel consumption for motor vehicles w lead manufacturers to set up a 14 volt electrical energy supply network on vehicles. comprising several batteries. This evolution of the 14-volt supply network leads to the introduction into the vehicle's electrical network of additional connection components, in particular in order to be able to manage the different batteries separately. These connection elements are responsible for sometimes significant voltage drops which are detrimental to the proper functioning of the network under certain operating conditions, in particular during the cold start of the vehicle.

To facilitate the cold start of the vehicle, we naturally seek to improve the available electrical power (applied) at the starter.

To do this, a possible solution consists in increasing the size of the battery dedicated to starting the engine or in decreasing the impedances of the cables ensuring the supply of the starter.

To increase the size of the starter battery, a simple solution consists in associating a second battery with the main battery normally supplying the electrical network of the vehicle, this second, auxiliary battery, being arranged to be placed in parallel with the main battery at the starter circuit supply (starter) so that when starting the starter is supplied with energy by the two batteries.

However, it should be noted that the systematic association of the two batteries when starting the vehicle has the effect of stressing the starter and causing its premature aging. Consequently, such a solution requires strengthening the starter which unnecessarily sees a very high current. This oversized starter naturally has a higher manufacturing cost and does not provide any functional advantage from the point of view of the starting function w itself.

To avoid these drawbacks, one solution consists in designing an energy distribution network making it possible to associate the two batteries only when necessary and in a sufficiently targeted manner to be infrequent, and therefore, without consequence on the lifespan of the starter. , on the wear of the starter brushes in particular.

Patent document CN 104993569 describes a system comprising two batteries, a normal operating battery and a reserve battery, as well as means for switching the circuit from the normal battery to the backup battery in the event of failure of the first. This system however involves the switching of very high currents which is either very expensive or unreliable.

The patent document CN 102785581 describes a conventional system which includes a battery dedicated to the starting function. Such a system does not make it possible to deal with extreme needs without penalizing common cases or without oversizing the starter battery.

fflBBVH IKMV OB1 WViWnCMV An object of the invention is to provide a device for supplying electrical energy to a vehicle, capable of delivering sufficient electrical power to supply the starting circuit, the starter, of the vehicle, including under difficult operating conditions, for example in cold weather; while limiting the starting sequences for which the starting circuit is overloaded.

By over-stressing here means an action consisting in applying to the starter a higher starting current than the current applied nominally, this higher starting current having the effect, in the long run, of causing premature fatigue of the starter.

Another object of the invention is to propose a device for supplying electrical energy to a vehicle, making it possible in particular to optimally manage the distribution of electrical energy to the various items of equipment connected to the on-board network of the vehicle, in particular when the network is called up when the vehicle has not started (internal combustion engine stopped), in order to preserve the available electrical energy resources so as to allow the internal combustion engine to start as long as possible.

To this end, the object of the invention is, according to a first aspect, an electrical supply device for supplying the on-board network of a vehicle with an internal combustion engine via an electrical supply circuit, comprising a means for starting the internal combustion engine. of the vehicle, powered by a main battery and an electric power generator.

According to the invention, said electrical supply device comprises an auxiliary battery connected to the electrical circuit by means of a switching means, as well as a control means configured to be able to actuate said switching means so as to connect the auxiliary battery to the electrical circuit. Said control means is configured so as to decide whether to switch on the auxiliary battery, or to disconnect it from the circuit, as a function of external parameters influencing the starting conditions of the heat engine.

According to various provisions which can be considered separately or in combination, the device according to the invention may have the additional technical characteristics mentioned below.

According to a first characteristic of the device according to the invention, the control means is configured so as to carry out the acquisition of measurements of the outside temperature and / or of the internal temperature of the heat engine, putting the auxiliary battery.

According to another characteristic, the control means is further configured so as to carry out the acquisition of measurements relating to the state of charge of the main battery.

According to another characteristic, the control means is further configured so as to carry out the acquisition of measurements relating to the starting of the starter.

According to another characteristic, the control means is further configured so as to carry out the acquisition of measurements relating to the effective starting of the heat engine.

According to another characteristic, relating to the preceding characteristic, if the effective starting of the heat engine is not carried out, the control means maintains the connection of the second battery to the supply circuit for a given duration, if the request in electrical energy of the various equipment supplied by the network exceeds a given threshold.

According to another characteristic, relating to the preceding characteristic, the duration during which the control means maintains the connection of the second battery to the supply circuit, is determined as a function of the charge of the batteries supplying the circuit.

The invention also relates, according to a second aspect, to a method of managing the electrical supply of a vehicle by means of the device according to the invention, said method comprising a phase of awakening said vehicle after parking with the engine stopped, a nominal operating phase during which the thermal engine of the vehicle is in operation and a phase of putting the vehicle to sleep with a view to parking it with the engine stopped.

According to the invention, the vehicle awakening phase comprises:

- an actual wake-up step during which, the thermal engine not being running, it is determined whether, taking into account the engine temperature, the outside temperature and the state of charge of the main battery, the auxiliary battery must be connected or not to the electrical circuit;

a repetitive waiting stage during which, while awaiting the launch of the heat engine, the supply of electrical energy to the vehicle is managed from the main battery and, where appropriate from the auxiliary battery;

- a test operation consisting in determining after launching the internal combustion engine whether it has actually started.

The repetitive waiting stage of the awakening phase ends when the heat engine is started or when the vehicle is put to sleep.

According to various arrangements which can be considered separately or in combination, the method according to the invention may have the additional technical characteristics mentioned below.

According to a first characteristic of the method according to the invention, the actual awakening phase comprises the execution of the following operations:

- a first engine temperature test operation;

- a second ambient temperature test operation, the second operation being executed only if the engine temperature is below a given threshold value;

a third operation making it possible to determine the state of charge of the main battery, the third operation being carried out only if the engine temperature is above a given value or if the engine temperature is below said value the ambient temperature is also less than a given threshold value.

a fourth operation during which the controller makes the connection of the auxiliary battery to the electrical circuit, the connection of the auxiliary battery to the electrical circuit being effected when the ambient temperature is below the corresponding threshold value.

The execution of the third operation or of the fourth operation leads to the execution of the waiting phase of the process.

According to another characteristic, the waiting phase includes the repetitive execution of the following operations:

- a first launch test operation of the heat engine;

- a second operation for managing the power supply of the on-board network;

- a third test operation of a request to put the vehicle to sleep.

The repetition of the three operations is interrupted if the result of the heat engine launch test is positive or if the result of the sleep request test is positive.

According to another characteristic, the vehicle sleeping phase is preceded, when the auxiliary battery is connected to the power supply circuit, by an operation for disconnecting the latter.

According to another characteristic, when the result of the test of the launching of the thermal engine is positive, the waiting step continues with the execution of the test of the effective starting of the thermal engine, this execution leading to the execution of the phase of nominal operation if the test is positive, or when returning to the waiting stage if the test is negative.

According to another characteristic, the waiting step further comprises the execution of a fourth operation of testing the operating time of the on-board network on battery since the vehicle has stopped.

The measurement of the operating time is compared with a threshold T1. The execution of this operation being followed by a return to the test operation of launching the thermal engine if the battery operating time is less than T1 and by the execution of an additional waiting step if this time is greater than T1; the additional waiting step being similar to the waiting step but imposing on the on-board network an operating mode in low consumption mode.

According to another characteristic, the additional waiting step includes the repetitive execution of the following operations:

- a first launch test operation of the heat engine;

- a second test operation of a request to put the vehicle to sleep;

a third operation of testing the operating time of the on-board network on battery since the vehicle has stopped, the measurement of the operating time being compared with a threshold T2.

The repetition of the three operations is interrupted if the result of the heat engine launch test is positive or if the result of the sleep request test is positive.

The execution of the third operation is followed by a return to the combustion engine launch test operation if the battery operation time is less than T2 and by the execution of a sleep phase if this time is greater than T2.

According to another characteristic, the vehicle sleeping phase is preceded, when the auxiliary battery is connected to the power supply circuit, by an operation for disconnecting the latter.

Advantageously, the invention allows the first order not to oversize anything (neither the batteries, nor the starter, nor the wiring of the electrical circuit). It simply requires the implementation of a second battery and the integration into the on-board network of a control member capable of managing the use of the second battery as well as the energy supply of each item of equipment.

Beyond its use in the field of motor vehicles, the invention advantageously applies to all systems comprising a heat engine and a starter, the starter being supplied by an electrical supply, one or more batteries for example .

OBSCOPOTV OES FIGIMES The characteristics and advantages of the invention will be better appreciated from the following description, which description is based on the appended figures which show:

the figurel, a block diagram representing the electrical energy supply device according to the invention connected to the on-board network of a vehicle;

FIG. 2, a block diagram of a method for managing the electrical energy resources of a vehicle using the electrical energy supply system according to the invention;

Figure 3, a block diagram of a variant of the method illustrated in Figure 2;

OBSCOFIïCMV OFMXXEE As illustrated in the block diagram of FIG. 1, the electrical supply device 11 according to the invention (14 volt supply) comprises two batteries, a first battery 12, or main battery, and a second battery 13, or auxiliary battery, arranged so as to supply electrical energy, to the electrical circuit 14 supplying direct current to the on-board network 19 of the vehicle, in the form of direct current.

The device 11 also includes a starter 15 intended to start the engine of the vehicle (not shown in the figure) and an alternator 16 coupled to the engine and producing electrical energy, in the form of alternating current, when the engine is running. Conventionally, the starter is intended to be supplied by the energy reserve of the device, namely the battery 12 and in some cases the battery 13.

In a widely known manner, motor vehicle alternators are internally equipped with a rectifier bridge so that the alternator delivers direct current to its output terminals.

According to the invention the two batteries 12 and 13 can be of different sizes and / or technologies, or be identical.

The auxiliary battery 13 is connected to the electric circuit 14 by a controllable switch 18 which makes it possible to disconnect it from the circuit 14, in particular when the vehicle in question is in parking mode, that is to say when stopped, engine stopped. In this mode, only one battery (the main battery) is generally connected to circuit 14.

The system 11 also includes a control member 111, or controller, the role of which is in particular to manage the operation of the on-board network 19, in particular at the level of the supply of electrical energy to the various items of equipment connected to the network and powered by the electrical circuit 14.

Furthermore, the controller 111 also manages the commissioning and the use of the various elements, starter 15, alternator 16 and batteries 12 and 13, responsible for the production or supply of electrical energy to the network 19.

For this purpose it receives information 113 regarding the state of charge of the main battery 12, this state of charge can be determined by any known means.

The state of charge of the main battery 12 is preferably determined by measuring the voltage at its terminals when the vehicle engine is stopped, that is to say when the alternator does not produce energy , and that the auxiliary battery 13 is not connected to the circuit 14 (switch 18 open). However, it can also be determined by measuring the current flowing in the main battery 12.

Similarly, the controller 111 also controls the connection to the circuit 14 of the auxiliary battery 13, or its disconnection from the circuit, by sending a command 114 for opening or closing to the switch 18.

For this purpose, in particular, it also receives information concerning the temperature of the engine (the temperature of the water in the cooling circuit more precisely), as well as the ambient temperature; this information can be relayed to the controller 111 by all types of known measurement means.

Likewise also, the controller 111 receives information relating to the actuation of the starter (power-up) as well as information indicating the effective starting of the engine of the vehicle. This information can for example be deduced from voltage measurements made at the terminals of the starter 15 or of the alternator 16.

According to the invention, the controller 111 is also a member capable of implementing all of the actions making it possible to manage the energy supply to the vehicle and in particular to the on-board network 19.

To this end, it comprises, for example, a microprogrammed element (microcontroller) configured to carry out the sequencing of the various actions to be carried out within the framework of the management of the energy supply of the vehicle in the different operating phases of the latter.

However, by virtue of its structure, the electrical supply device according to the invention more particularly makes it possible to optimize the management of the energy supply of the vehicle during the waking up phase of the vehicle, that is to say the phase during which the on-board network is put into service (supplied) and all or part of the vehicle equipment is put into service while the vehicle is kept stationary, the internal combustion engine enabling the alternator of the vehicle as the main source of electrical energy being itself stopped.

In the following description, two examples of implementation of a method for managing the power supply of a vehicle in the wake-up phase of the latter are presented, this method being advantageously able to be implemented by to the structure of the device 11 for supplying electrical energy according to the invention.

It is noted here that the awakening of the vehicle consists of a series of actions to be carried out as soon as the driver of the vehicle has entered the latter and has switched on (ie has awakened his vehicle) after a more or less prolonged stay of the latter, stationary, on its parking space.

The on-board network 19 being then supplied, the purpose of the vehicle awakening phase is to put the electrical energy supply device in the optimal situation to ensure the starting of the heat engine taking into account the climatic situation.

Likewise, it is noted here that putting the vehicle to sleep consists of a series of actions to be carried out as soon as the driver of the vehicle turns off the ignition so that the vehicle is placed in parking mode, that is i.e. stopped, engine stopped.

The block diagram of Figure 2 shows a first example of implementation of the wake-up phase of a vehicle by a method of managing the electrical energy supply of said vehicle using the device according to the invention . For reasons of clarity, FIG. 2 does not detail the other operating phases, in particular, those for which the heat engine is running. For this phase, the device according to the invention indeed behaves like any device for supplying electrical energy which can be fitted to a vehicle.

Thus, the operations and the operating steps detailed in the following text relate to the operations enabling the vehicle to wake up, waiting for the engine to start or a direct return to the vehicle being put to sleep without starting, phase in which the device 11 according to the invention best shows its advantageous nature.

. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the execution of the wake-up phase begins with a step 21 which is, for example, launched as soon as the driver enters his vehicle and switches on the ignition, which causes the supply to the network. on board 19.

During this phase, the controller 111 begins by checking the possible need to use the two batteries 12 and 13 for starting.

To do this, it performs a test 211 of the internal temperature of the engine, for example by measuring the temperature of the water in the cooling circuit.

Then, if the measured temperature is below a first given threshold, 20 ° C for example, the controller 111 performs a test 212 of the ambient atmospheric temperature and compares this temperature to a second threshold, a threshold of -15 ° C for example.

If the measured temperature is below this second threshold, the controller 111 performs the coupling 214 of the auxiliary battery 13, by closing the switch 18, then implements a step 22 of waiting for the engine to start, start-up caused by the starter is energized.

On the other hand if the engine temperature is higher than the first threshold, or if the ambient temperature is higher than the second threshold although the engine temperature is lower than the first threshold, the controller 111 proceeds to test 213 of the state of main battery charge 12.

Consequently, if at the end of this test 213, the main battery 12 is considered to be in a condition to ensure the starting of the engine, the controller 111 implements the waiting step 22.

Otherwise, controller 111 performs the operation 214 for coupling the auxiliary battery 13, then implements the waiting step 22.

It should be noted that the control of the internal temperature of the heat engine and of the ambient temperature, which can be achieved by using any known measurement means capable of transmitting the measurements made to the controller 111, are not described in detail here. .

According to the invention, the implementation of the waiting step 22 consists in ensuring the supply 222 of the equipment of the on-board network 19 put into service by the driver and in waiting for the vehicle engine to start. For this purpose, it includes, for example, a test 251 consisting in determining whether the starter has been actuated (i.e. energized).

If this is the case, the waiting step 22 ends and the controller continues the awakening process by performing the control 23 of the actual start of the engine. The actual starting of the heat engine can for example be checked by measuring the alternating voltage supplied by the alternator 16.

As a result, if the actual starting of the heat engine is found, the method of managing the electrical energy supply of the vehicle continues with a phase 24 of nominal operation. During this phase, the alternator 16, driven by the heat engine, powers the vehicle and allows the batteries 12 and 13 to be recharged.

During this nominal operating phase 24, not detailed here, the method according to the invention implements an Electric Power Management law which manages the two batteries including until the output of phase 24 and the going to sleep 25.

It can thus, for example, if the latter has been put into service, operate the disconnection of the auxiliary battery 13 or keep it connected to the electrical circuit 14 so that it can be recharged by the alternator 16, like the main battery 12.

On the other hand, if the starting of the thermal engine has failed, the controller again implements the waiting step 22. This return to step 22 can however be optionally preceded by a new execution of the operation 213 of the test of the state of charge of the main battery 12, followed if necessary by the connection 214 of the auxiliary battery 13 to the circuit 14.

As long as the starter is not energized (ie actuated), in other words as long as the result of test 221 is negative, the waiting step 22 consists in ensuring the task 222 of supplying the vehicle with electrical power and in particular on-board network equipment 19 put into service by the driver.

The waiting step 22 also consists in carrying out a test 223 consisting in determining whether an action aimed at putting the vehicle to sleep has been carried out by the driver, by switching off the ignition for example.

If this is the case, the vehicle is placed in the sleep phase 25, that is to say that only the elements necessary to keep the vehicle safe in a parking space are kept supplied with electrical energy.

Furthermore, in the case where the auxiliary battery 13 has been coupled to the electric circuit 14, this putting to sleep is preceded by an operation 26 of disconnection of the auxiliary battery 13.

The vehicle awakening phase then continues with the sleep phase 25, not detailed here, during which the method for managing the electrical energy supply of the vehicle waits for the launch of a new waking phase.

Otherwise, the waiting step 22 continues with a new execution of the test 221 consisting in determining whether the starter has been actuated (energized).

The block diagram of Figure 3 shows a second example of implementation of the awakening phase of a vehicle using the device according to the invention. For reasons of clarity, as in the case of FIG. 2, FIG. 3 does not detail the other operating phases, in particular those for which the heat engine is running.

In this sequencing example, unlike the previous example, the management method implemented takes into account, during a step 31 of waiting for the engine to start, is completed by a step 32 of economic management of the resources in electrical energy available. The operations 211 to 214 of the wake-up step 21 also remain the same as in the first example.

The waiting step 31 essentially differs from the waiting step 24 in that it includes an operation 311 for testing the operating time of the on-board network 19 on the battery since the vehicle stopped ( engine shutdown), this measurement of the operating time being compared to a first threshold T1.

Thus the waiting step 31, like the waiting step 22, aims to ensure the supply of the equipment of the on-board network 19 put into service in the absence of starting the vehicle and the periodic control of the starting of the starter 15. For this purpose, the method also implements operations 221, 222 and 223.

However, in the absence of launching the starter, exceeding the first threshold T1 leads to the implementation of an additional operating step 32 during which the on-board network 19 is subjected to an operating regime 321 at reduced power.

Then, during this step 32, the management method according to the invention implements a waiting loop similar to the waiting loop of step 31 and comprising a test 322 of the energization of the analog starter 15 in test 251 and producing, in the affirmative, the execution of operation 23 of the test of the effective start of the heat engine. It also implements a test 323 similar to test 253 and consisting in determining whether an action aimed at putting the vehicle to sleep has been carried out, as well as an operation 324 for testing the operating time of the on-board network 19 on battery from the stopping the vehicle (stopping the heat engine), and comparing the operating time to a second threshold T2 (T2> T1).

Exceeding this second threshold T2 leads, like the positive result of test 323 or test 223, to a return to phase 28 of putting the vehicle to sleep. However, this return is here decided autonomously (ie without the ignition having been cut by the driver) due to the excessive time of use, without recharging, of the electrical energy resources, time which makes it necessary to put the vehicle dormant, failing which a subsequent start-up could prove impossible, due to lack of energy.

According to this second example of implementation of the wake-up phase, the method for managing the electrical resources of a vehicle according to the invention advantageously makes it possible not only to ensure an optimal supply of energy to the starter, but also in the event of a prolonged waiting for the engine to start, to economically manage the electrical energy resources to maximize the time during which it is possible to start the engine while the power supply to the edge 19 results in a levy of energy on these resources.

In the light of the above description, it can thus be seen that the electrical supply device according to the invention advantageously makes it possible to optimally manage the electrical resources of a vehicle when the latter, prior to stopping , is used again and the engine is not started.

It mainly makes it possible to guarantee a starting of the vehicle engine under the best electrical supply conditions, while avoiding in any circumstances imposing on the starter an excessively high supply current, generally not necessary under normal conditions, and the effect of which is to cause premature aging of the starter.

It also makes it possible to implement a method of managing the electrical supply preserving electrical resources as much as possible so that, during the start-up waiting phase, the device can supply the energy necessary for setting up starter run as long as possible.

Thus, in the form of implementation illustrated in Figure 3, the management method according to the invention, in the case where the driver does not request a start in the first seconds after having "woken up" the vehicle , implements a strategy for protecting the state of charge of the batteries, which consists in monitoring the discharge of the latter during the start-up waiting stage, during which certain equipment supplied by the on-board network 19 can be activated. walking and used. This allows the use of the vehicle’s electrical functions available before driving as long as the batteries allow.

When the authorized discharge limit is reached, if a start request has still not been made, the Electric Power Management law leads the device 111 to place the vehicle in the low consumption mode which restricts the possibilities of use of the vehicle, for example with only functions allowing either starting or closing and falling asleep of the vehicle.

This low consumption mode is however limited in time and if this limit is reached, still without start request or if, at any time, the driver leaves the vehicle and lets him fall asleep, then the system uncouples the second battery and the vehicle can go to sleep phase with only the main battery 12 as the sole power source in the parking situation. During the next wake-up phase, an auxiliary battery coupling operation can be started again.

Claims (15)

1. Power supply device (11) for supplying the on-board network (19) of a vehicle with an internal combustion engine via an electrical supply circuit (14), comprising a starting means (15) for the internal combustion engine of the vehicle , powered by a battery 5 main (12) and an electrical energy generator (16), characterized in that said electrical supply device further comprises an auxiliary battery (13) connected to the electrical circuit (14) by means switch (18), as well as a control means (111) configured to be able to actuate said means of Switching (18) so as to connect the auxiliary battery to the electric circuit (14), said control means being configured so as to decide whether to switch on the auxiliary battery (13), or to disconnect it from the circuit (14 ), depending on external parameters influencing the starting conditions of the engine. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said control means (111) is configured so as to carry out the acquisition of measurements of the outside temperature and / or of the internal temperature of the heat engine. 3. Device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the control means (111) is further configured so as to carry out the acquisition of measurements relating to the state of charge of the main battery (12 ). 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the control means (111) is further configured so as to carry out the acquisition of measurements relating to the starting of the starter (15). 5. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the control means (111) is further configured so as to carry out the acquisition of measurements relating to the effective starting of the heat engine. 6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that if the effective starting of the heat engine is not carried out, the control means (111) maintains the connection of the second battery (13) to the supply circuit ( 14) during a given period, if the demand for electrical energy from the various pieces of equipment supplied by the network exceeds a given threshold. 7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the duration during which the control means (111) maintains the connection of the second battery (13) to the supply circuit (14), is determined according to the charge of the batteries supplying the circuit. 8. A method of managing the electrical supply of a vehicle by means of the device according to one of claims 1 to 7, said method comprising a phase of waking up said vehicle after parking with the engine stopped, a nominal operating phase (24) during which the thermal engine of the vehicle is in operation and a phase (25) of putting the vehicle to sleep with a view to its parking with the engine stopped, characterized in that the vehicle awakening phase comprises: a stage (21) of actual awakening during which, the thermal engine not being running, it is determined whether, taking into account the engine temperature, the outside temperature and the state of charge of the main battery, the auxiliary battery must be connected or not to the electrical circuit; - a repetitive waiting step (22, 31) during which, while awaiting the launch of the heat engine, the supply of electrical energy to the vehicle is managed from the main battery and, where appropriate from the auxiliary battery; - A test operation (23) consisting in determining after launching the heat engine whether it has actually started; the repetitive waiting step (22) of the wake-up phase being completed when the heat engine is started or when the vehicle is put to sleep. 9. A method of managing the electrical supply of a vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that, the actual awakening phase comprises the execution of the following operations: - a first operation (211) for testing the engine temperature; a second operation (212) for testing the ambient temperature, the second operation being executed only if the engine temperature is below a given threshold value; - a third operation (213) making it possible to determine the state of charge of the main battery (12), the third operation being executed only if the engine temperature is above a given value or if the engine temperature is below said value the ambient temperature is also less than a given threshold value. a fourth operation (214) during which the controller makes the connection of the auxiliary battery (13) to the electrical circuit (14), the connection of the auxiliary battery to the electrical circuit being effected when the ambient temperature is below the corresponding threshold value ; the execution of the third operation (213) or of the fourth operation (214) leading to the execution of the waiting phase of the process. 10. A method for managing the electrical supply of a vehicle according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, the waiting phase (22) comprises the repetitive execution of the following operations: a first operation (221) of launch test of the heat engine; - A second operation (222) for managing the power supply of the on-board network; - A third operation (223) for testing a request to put the vehicle to sleep; the repetition of the three operations being interrupted if the result of the test (221) of launching the heat engine is positive or if the result of the test (223) of the request to put to sleep is positive. 11. Process for managing the electrical supply of a vehicle according to claim 10, characterized in that the phase (25) of putting the vehicle to sleep is preceded, when the auxiliary battery (13) is connected to the circuit of supply (14), an operation (26) for disconnecting the latter. 12. A method of managing the electric power supply of a vehicle according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that when the result of the test (221) of the launch of the heat engine is positive, the waiting step (22) continues with the execution of the test (23) of the actual starting of the thermal engine, this execution leading to the execution of the nominal operating phase (24) if the test is positive, or to the return to the waiting stage (22) if the test is negative. 13. A method of managing the electrical supply of a vehicle according to claim 10, characterized in that the waiting step (31) further comprises the execution of a fourth time test operation (311) operating mode of the on-board network (19) on battery since the vehicle stopped, the measurement of the operating time being compared with a threshold T1, the execution of this operation being followed by a return to the operation (221) of launching test of the thermal engine if the battery operating time is less than T1 and by executing an additional waiting step (32) if this time is greater than T1; the additional waiting step (32) being similar to the waiting step (31) but imposing on the on-board network (19) an operating regime (321) in low consumption mode. 14. A method of managing the electrical supply of a vehicle according to claim 13, characterized in that the additional waiting step (32) comprises the repetitive execution of the following operations: - a first operation (322) of launch test of the heat engine; A second operation (323) for testing a request to put the vehicle to sleep; -A third operation (324) for testing the operating time of the on-board network (19) on battery since the vehicle stopped, the measurement of the operating time being compared to a threshold T2, the repetition of the three operations being interrupted if the result of the test (322) for launching the heat engine is positive or if the result of the test (323) of the request to sleep is positive; the execution of the third operation (324) being followed by a return to 5 the operation (322) of launch test of the heat engine if the battery operation time is less than T2 and by the execution of a sleep phase (28) if this time is greater than T2. 10 15. A method of managing the electrical supply of a vehicle according to claim 14, characterized in that ia phase (28) of putting the vehicle to sleep is preceded, when the auxiliary battery (13) is connected to the circuit of power supply (14), an option (29) for disconnecting the latter. Engine water temperature Ambient temperature 1/3