CN102785581A - Automotive power supply system with dual storage batteries - Google Patents
Automotive power supply system with dual storage batteries Download PDFInfo
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- CN102785581A CN102785581A CN201110126133XA CN201110126133A CN102785581A CN 102785581 A CN102785581 A CN 102785581A CN 201110126133X A CN201110126133X A CN 201110126133XA CN 201110126133 A CN201110126133 A CN 201110126133A CN 102785581 A CN102785581 A CN 102785581A
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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Abstract
The invention relates to an automotive electronic technology, especially relates to an automotive power supply system with multiple storage batteries as energy storage equipment. The automotive power supply system with dual storage batteries comprises a generator, a first storage battery, a second storage battery and a control unit, wherein the first storage battery is coupled in parallel with the generator to form a power supply circuit, the second storage battery is coupled in parallel with a starter to form a start circuit, and the control unit can be controllably coupled between the power supply circuit and the start circuit and provides direct current to direct current transformation, wherein the direct current to direct current transformation operation is applied to the output of the first storage battery or the second storage battery by the control unit so as to charge between the two storage batteries, and the direct current to direct current transformation operation is applied to the output of the generator by the control unit so as to charge the second storage battery from the generator. In one embodiment, the automobile is enabled to be started successfully for the next time through a method of charging the second storage battery by the first storage battery and/or the generator.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to automotive electronic technology, particularly a kind of automobile power supply system that utilizes the polylith storage battery as energy storage device.
Background technology
Traditional automobile depends on fossil fuel such as oil as energy source; Along with being widely used of automobile; Oil as non-renewable energy resources is just becoming rare day by day, if such situation continues, causes automobile to become piles and piles of scrap iron the most at last.In the face of so severe prospect, industry member is stepping up to tap a new source of energy automobile (for example pure electric automobile and hybrid vehicle) to break away from above-mentioned predicament.But be limited by the factor of each side such as manufacturing cost and its usage economy, the large-scale promotion of new-energy automobile is commercial to also have very very long road to walk, during also will run into many technical difficult problems.Based on above-mentioned situation, become a kind of selection of reality through improving consumption that electrical usage efficient in the existing automobile reduces the energy.
Automobile power supply system mainly is made up of closed-center system (for example storage battery or ultracapacitor), energy conversion device (for example mechanical energy being converted into the electrical generator of electric energy), starter and control unit.In automobile power supply system, control unit is the core of total system, and it is responsible for confirming and implementing suitable electric energy management strategy according to operating modes such as power load, battery condition and electrical generator states.Starter utilizes the energy of storage battery with automobile engine starting, and driving engine is turned round under required mode of operation.To drive generator for electricity generation during engine running, and the voltage request of pressing automotive electrical system is to the electricity consumption electric of automobile with to battery charge.For example; Under the control of control unit, if the electricity consumption electric current of automotive electrical system greater than the supply current of electrical generator, then storage battery will discharge; With the electric current of covering the shortage; Otherwise, if the electricity consumption electric current of automotive electrical system less than the supply current of electrical generator, then the part of difference between current is as the charging current of storage battery and flow into storage battery.
The electricity consumption of automobile loads on often has bigger difference on the electrical specification, for example starter work the time need provide big peace immediate current doubly, and throw light on, little electric current that equipment such as sound equipment need provide the long period.In order to satisfy the need for electricity of above-mentioned two types of loads simultaneously, industry generally adopts the storage battery of a high capacity and big pole plate area.But the shortcoming of this method is the shortening that causes battery age; This is because scenario possibly occur: after use after a while, storage battery is available as the accumulator that starts usefulness, but but can't supply power for a long time; Though perhaps can supply power for a long time; But but big electric current can't be provided, in the face of these situation, it will be inevitable changing storage battery.
Publication number is that the one Chinese patent application of CN201317281Y discloses a kind of automotive electrical system; This system comprises the various electricity consumption devices in starter motor, storage battery, electrical generator, electric system controller and the automobile; Storage battery comprises starting type accumulators and power supply type storage battery; The former and starter motor compose in parallel and start the loop, and the latter and electricity consumption device compose in parallel current supply circuit, and the electric system controller is connected between startup loop and the current supply circuit.The disclosed automotive electrical system of above-mentioned one Chinese patent application adopts two storage battery configurations to make the battery-operated life-time dilatation become possibility; But to really prolong the work life phase and improve the utilization ratio of electric energy simultaneously, also depend on perfect electric energy management strategy.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of pair of battery electrics electric power system, it can improve the utilization ratio of electric energy in the work life that effectively prolongs storage battery.
According to one aspect of the present invention, a kind of pair of battery electrics electric power system is provided, comprising:
A kind of pair of battery electrics electric power system comprises:
Electrical generator;
First storage battery, itself and said electrical generator parallel coupled are to form current supply circuit;
Second storage battery, itself and starter parallel coupled start the loop to form; And
Control unit, it controllably is coupling between said current supply circuit and the said startup loop and dc-dc conversion is provided,
Wherein, Said control unit is implemented the dc-dc conversion operation realizing the charging between the two to the output of said first or second storage battery, and the output of said electrical generator is implemented the dc-dc conversion operation to realize the charging of said electrical generator to said second storage battery.
Preferably, in above-mentioned pair of battery electrics electric power system, said control unit can also make the said first and second storage battery direct connections, to be united by said first and second storage batterys to said starter power supply.
Preferably, in above-mentioned pair of battery electrics electric power system, said control unit comprises:
The battery condition monitoring device is used to monitor the state parameter of said first and second storage batterys;
The dc-dc conversion device is used for the dc-dc conversion operation is implemented in the output of said electrical generator, said first and second storage batterys; And
Device for managing and controlling electrical source; With said battery condition monitoring device and the coupling of dc-dc conversion device; Be used for the state parameter that monitors according to said battery condition monitoring device, indicate said dc-dc conversion device to implement corresponding dc-dc conversion operation.
Preferably, in above-mentioned pair of battery electrics electric power system, said state parameter comprises electric current, voltage and the temperature of said first and second storage batterys.
Preferably; In above-mentioned pair of battery electrics electric power system; After the automobile stagnation of movement; If said device for managing and controlling electrical source is judged the not enough so that said starter normal operation unloading phase of next time of the state-of-charge of said second storage battery, then indicate said dc-dc conversion device that the output of said first storage battery is implemented the dc-dc conversion operation with to said second battery charge, said state-of-charge obtains according to electric current, voltage and the temperature computation of said second storage battery.
Preferably; In above-mentioned pair of battery electrics electric power system; In vehicle traveling process; If said control unit judges the state-of-charge of said second storage battery and is lower than a predetermined threshold value, then indicate said dc-dc conversion device that the output of said electrical generator is implemented the dc-dc conversion operation with to said second battery charge, said state-of-charge obtains according to electric current, voltage and the temperature computation of said second storage battery.
Preferably; In above-mentioned pair of battery electrics electric power system; Said control unit controllably is coupling between said current supply circuit and the said startup loop through following manner: said pair of battery electrics electric power system further comprises first and second switching devices, and they are connected between said dc-dc conversion device and said first storage battery and between said dc-dc conversion device and said second storage battery and by said device for managing and controlling electrical source the closed and disconnected state of said first and second switching devices is controlled.
Preferably; In above-mentioned pair of battery electrics electric power system; Wherein, Said battery condition monitoring device comprises first and second sensor groups of state parameter that are respectively applied for said first and second storage batterys of monitoring, and if the difference of the degree of aging of said first and second storage batterys surpass preset threshold value, then confirm at least one group of et out of order in said first and second sensor groups.
Preferably, in above-mentioned pair of battery electrics electric power system, further comprise the 3rd switching device, said control unit is controlled the direct connection between said first and second storage battery through the closed and disconnected state of said the 3rd switching device of control.
Preferably, in above-mentioned pair of battery electrics electric power system, said first-Di, three switching devices are realized by relay.
Preferably; In above-mentioned pair of battery electrics electric power system; Said first storage battery is compared with said second storage battery, and the area of the former pole plate is less than the area of latter's pole plate, and the thickness of the active substance on the former pole plate is greater than the thickness of the active substance on latter's pole plate.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
Owing at the electrical feature of use that starts with non-the unloading phase, adopted battery to supply power respectively with different electrical specifications to automobile, so the fine shortcoming that has solved under powered battery situation battery life weak point, can't take into account different operating modes.In addition, in one embodiment, can guarantee that to the method for second battery charge automobile successfully starts next time through first storage battery and/electrical generator.Moreover, in another embodiment,, can confirm the fault of sensor quickly and accurately through adopting the adaptive battery monitoring mode of double cell reference each other.
From the following detailed description that combines accompanying drawing, will make above and other objects of the present invention and advantage clear more fully.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the scheme drawing according to two battery electrics electric power systems of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the shown in Figure 1 pair of control unit in the battery electrics electric power system.
Fig. 3 is that shown in Figure 1 pair of battery electrics electric power system is based on the workflow diagram that starts preference strategy.
Fig. 4 A-4C is the workflow diagram of the routine A-C among Fig. 3.
The specific embodiment
Through being described with reference to the drawings, the specific embodiment of the present invention sets forth the present invention below.But it will be appreciated that these specific embodiment only are exemplary, do not have restriction for spirit of the present invention and protection domain.
In this manual; " coupling " speech is to be understood that the situation that directly transmits energy or signal between two unit for being included in; Perhaps transmit the situation of energy or signal indirectly, and alleged signal includes but not limited to the signal that the form with electricity, light and magnetic exists here through one or more Unit the 3rd.In addition; " comprise " and the term of " comprising " and so on represent except have in specification sheets and claims, have directly with the unit of clearly statement with the step, technical scheme of the present invention is not got rid of yet and is had not by directly or other unit of clearly explaining and the situation of step.Moreover the term such as " first ", " second ", " the 3rd " and " the 4th " does not represent that unit or numerical value only are the usefulness of making to distinguish each unit or numerical value in the order of aspects such as time, space, size.
In addition, storage battery described here refers to and can and produce galvanic device with chemical power transformationization electric energy, and it includes but not limited to lead-acid storage battery and lithium cell etc.
Two battery electrics electric power systems
Fig. 1 is the scheme drawing according to two battery electrics electric power systems of one embodiment of the invention.Referring to Fig. 1, two battery electrics electric power systems 10 of present embodiment comprise control unit 110, electrical generator 120, the first and second storage battery 130A and 130B and first-Di, four switching device K1-K4.In Fig. 1, heavy line is represented power or energy stream, and fine line is represented control signal and measurement signal stream.It is worthy of note; Though here control unit 110 and first-Di, four switching device K1-K4 and electrical generator 120 link to each other with bus mode; But this and do not mean that control unit and the Be Controlled unit between must be confined to this connection mode, in fact also can adopt point-to-point connection mode between them.
In Fig. 1; Control unit 110 is cores of whole electric power system 10; It is responsible for according to definite suitable electric energy management strategies such as electricity consumption situation (for example using the need for electricity of electric load 30 and 40), battery condition (for example be here in working current, operating voltage, temperature, degree of aging and the state-of-charge (SOC) of the first and second storage battery 130A and 130B one or more) and electrical generator states (the for example current working current that can provide of electrical generator) on the one hand; On the other hand; Control unit 110 also has the DC-to-dc transfer capability, with through boost with reduced pressure operation to the first and second storage battery 130A and 130B suitable charging valtage is provided.Will further describe the above-mentioned functions of control unit 110 below.
As shown in Figure 1, the first storage battery 130A, electrical generator 120 and be connected in parallel to form current supply circuit with electric load 30.Control unit 110 inserts this current supply circuit through the first switching device K1.Meanwhile, the first storage battery 130A also links to each other with the second storage battery 130B through second switch device K4.On the other hand, the second storage battery 130B, starter 20 and be connected in parallel with electric load 40 and start the loop to form.Control unit 110 inserts through second switch device K2 should start the loop.Thus, in the present embodiment, comprise two continuous passages between first and second storage battery 130A, the 130B, wherein one is passed through control unit 110, and another is Bypass Control unit 110 then.It is worthy of note; Though the usefulness electric load 30 here and 40 illustrates with two square frames, in fact they refer to two groups and use electric load, wherein; With electric load 30 refer to automobile with start irrelevant car electrics; Include but not limited to car light, blowing engine, air-conditioning and sound equipment etc., and refer to the electronic machine relevant, include but not limited to various sensors that are used to measure state when starting and electronic control unit (ECU) etc. with automobile starting with electric load 40.In the present embodiment, mainly supply power, and when the second storage battery 130B power supply capacity is not enough, unite to supplying power with electric load 40 by the first and second storage battery 130A and 130B by the second storage battery 130B with electric load 40.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1; Control unit 110 utilizes first-Di, four switching device K1-K4 to come turning on and off to realize corresponding electric energy management strategy of control circuit; Wherein, Turning on and off by the first switching device K1 of passage between current supply circuit and the control unit 110 controlled; Start the control that turns on and off of passage between loop and the control unit 110 by second switch device K2, the second storage battery 130B with control with turning on and off of the passage between the electric load 40 by the 3rd switching device K3, direct continuous turning on and off by the 4th switching device K4 of passage controlled between first and second storage battery 130A, the 130B.All by control unit 110 controls, they for example can be realized by relay for the keying of above-mentioned first-Di, four switching device K1-K4 and disconnection.
In the present embodiment, the power supply in automobile starting stage (also be starter 20 and with the power supply of electric load 40) mainly is responsible for providing by the second storage battery 130B.Since the unloading phase need big immediate current, therefore can the second storage battery 130B be designed to compare with the first storage battery 130A, have bigger pole plate area and be beneficial to improve the intensity of current of output.In addition, mainly supply power with electric load 30 by the first storage battery 130A and electrical generator 120.Because the characteristics of power supply with electric load is that long little electric current need be provided, therefore the first storage battery 130A can be designed as with the second storage battery 130B and compares, and on pole plate, forms thicker active substance.
Control unit
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the shown in Figure 1 pair of control unit in the battery electrics electric power system.As shown in Figure 2, control unit 110 comprises device for managing and controlling electrical source 1101, dc-dc conversion device 1102 and battery condition monitoring device 1103.In Fig. 2, heavy line is represented power or energy stream, and fine line is represented control signal and measurement signal stream.In the present embodiment; Through unit in-to-in LINK bus communication, and device for managing and controlling electrical source 1101 and battery condition monitoring device 1103 are communicated by letter through the exterior CAN bus in unit and external device (for example first-Di, three switching device K1-K4, with electric load 30, electrical generator 120 etc.) between device for managing and controlling electrical source 1101, dc-dc conversion device 1102 and the battery condition monitoring device 1103.
Device for managing and controlling electrical source 1101 is confirmed suitable electric energy management strategy and is generated control commands corresponding according to electricity consumption situation, battery condition and electrical generator state etc.These control commands are provided to and are positioned at control unit 110 in-to-in dc-dc conversion devices 1102 and battery condition monitoring device 1103 and are positioned at control unit 110 exterior first-Di, four switching device K1-K4.Definite mode of relevant electric energy management strategy will be described in detail below.
The output voltage of the in the future spontaneous motor of dc-dc conversion device 1,102 120, the first and second storage battery 130A and 130B is transformed to required vdc.For example; Dc-dc conversion device 1102 can be made the DC-to-dc conversion operations so that electrical generator 120 charges to the second storage battery 130B to the output of electrical generator 120, perhaps can make the DC-to-dc conversion operations so that the first storage battery 130A charges to the second storage battery 130B to the output of the first storage battery 130A.And for example, dc-dc conversion device 1102 can be made the DC-to-dc conversion operations so that the second storage battery 130B charges to the first storage battery 130A to the output of the second storage battery 130B.
Battery condition monitoring device 1103 links to each other with sensor with the state parameter (the for example operating voltage of storage battery, working current and temperature etc.) of monitoring the first and second storage battery 130A and 130B through the CAN bus.The state parameter that records is sent to device for managing and controlling electrical source 1101 through control unit 110 in-to-in LINK buses.Battery condition monitoring device 1103 is configured to have the sensor fault diagnosis function.Particularly; Can be the sensor groups that the first and second storage battery 130A and 130B are equipped with the consistent or basically identical of two groups of performances, and control similarly the Occupation coefficient of two storage batterys or close (for example the difference of the SOC through making the first and second storage battery 130A and 130B remains in the small range).Battery condition monitoring device 1103 can be regularly or is monitored the degree of aging (for example through measuring the internal resistance of two storage batterys) of the first and second storage battery 130A and 130B aperiodically; And if their degree of aging or internal resistance differ big (for example absolute difference surpasses a preset threshold value), then battery condition detecting device 1103 can judge that sensor groups breaks down.
Start preference strategy
In this manual, start preference strategy and refer to a kind of like this electric energy management strategy, it can drive the target of starter as preferential management with enough electric power.For this reason; In the above-described embodiments; Based on starting preference strategy; Device for managing and controlling electrical source 1101 in the control unit 110 should be as much as possible maintains the power supply capacity of the second storage battery 130B on certain level, and when the power supply capacity of the second storage battery 130B is not enough, launches the first and second storage battery 130A simultaneously and 130B supplies power to starter 20 with electric load 40 simultaneously.The SOC that can adopt storage battery here, is as the parameter of weighing power supply capacity.
The controlling electric energy management process
Below describe according to of the present invention pair of battery electrics electric power system based on the workflow that starts preference strategy by Fig. 3 and 4A-4C.For setting forth conveniently, be that example is described with the two battery electrics electric power systems shown in Fig. 1 and 2 here.But it should be understood that above-mentioned workflow also can be applicable to the two battery electrics electric power systems by other embodiments of the invention.
Referring to Fig. 3, in step 310, the unloading phase that whether the device for managing and controlling electrical source 1101 of control unit 110 being judged at first that automobile is current and be in.If judged result is true, then gets into routine A, otherwise get into step 320.
In step 320, device for managing and controlling electrical source 1101 judges that automobiles are stagnations of movement under steam or.If judge that automobile is in the process of moving, then get into routine B, if judge automobile stagnation of movement, then get into routine C.
Workflow diagram shown in Fig. 4 A is corresponding to the routine A among Fig. 3.Referring to Fig. 4 A, at step 410A, device for managing and controlling electrical source 1101 obtains the state parameter (for example operating voltage, working current and temperature) of the second storage battery 130B from battery condition monitoring device 1103.
Then get into step 412A, device for managing and controlling electrical source 1101 calculates the SOC of the second storage battery 130B according to the state parameter that obtains.The method of calculating of relevant SOC will be done further description below.
Get into step 414A subsequently, device for managing and controlling electrical source 1101 judges according to the SOC of the second storage battery 130B whether its power supply capacity can satisfy starter 20 and with the need for electricity of electric load 40.If the SOC of the second storage battery 130B is more than or equal to first threshold Th1; Then device for managing and controlling electrical source 1101 judges that the power supply capacity of the second storage battery 130B is sufficient, gets into step 416A this moment, otherwise; The power supply capacity of then judging the second storage battery 130B is not enough, gets into step 418A this moment.
At step 416A; Device for managing and controlling electrical source 1101 sends control command to first-Di, four switching device K1-K4; Make that second switch device K3 is closed and remaining switching device all breaks off, this moment, the second storage battery 130B was as the actuated type battery, supplied power to starter 20 with electric load 40 separately.Since the unloading phase need big immediate current, therefore can the second storage battery 130B be designed to compare with the first storage battery 130A, have bigger pole plate area and be beneficial to improve the intensity of current of output.
At step 418A; Device for managing and controlling electrical source 1101 sends control command to first-Di, four switching device K1-K4; Make the first and second switching device K1 and K2 break off and the third and fourth switching device K3 and K4 closure; The first and second storage battery 130A, 130B unite to starter 20 with electric load 40 power supplies simultaneously as the actuated type battery at this moment.
Workflow diagram shown in Fig. 4 B is corresponding to the routine B among Fig. 3.Referring to Fig. 4 B; At step 410B; Device for managing and controlling electrical source 1101 receives power load data (for example working current and voltage) through the CAN bus from the controller with each car electrics the electric load 30; Receive duty parameter (for example generating voltage, payload and generator speed etc.) through the CAN bus from the controller of electrical generator 120, and obtain the state parameter (for example operating voltage, working current and temperature) of the first and second storage battery 130A, 130B from battery condition monitoring device 1103 through the LINK bus.
Get into step 412B subsequently, meet data computation is calculated the first and second storage battery 130A, 130B with total power load of electric load 30 and according to the state parameter that obtains SOC according to the electricity consumption that receives.A kind of optimal way is to adopt load current monitoring math modeling to calculate total power load; Particularly; (for example the blower fan of air-conditioning comprises 1～8 grade to the electric current of each current consumer under different gears and temperature; Through measuring the intensity of current value of confirming the 4th grade of needs is 15 peaces) measured in advance; When the data that receive from bus about the opening of each car electrics and range state, device for managing and controlling electrical source 1101 can calculate the power demand of each electrical equipment rapidly, exactly like this.
Get into step 414B subsequently, device for managing and controlling electrical source 1101 confirms that according to the duty parameter of electrical generator 120 its power supply capacity is whether greater than total workload demand of the usefulness electric load of calculating among the abovementioned steps 412B 30.If the result is true, then get into step 416B, otherwise, get into step 418B.
At step 416B, device for managing and controlling electrical source 1101 control electrical generators 120 make it to supplying power with electric load 30.
Then get into step 420B, whether device for managing and controlling electrical source 1101 judges the SOC of the second storage battery 130B more than or equal to the second threshold value Th2, and Th2 is greater than aforementioned first threshold Th1 for this second threshold value.If judged result is true, show that then the power supply capacity of the second storage battery 130B is sufficient, withdraw from routine B this moment, otherwise, show that then the power supply capacity of the second storage battery 130B maybe be not enough, get into step 422B this moment.
At step 422B; Device for managing and controlling electrical source 1101 sends control command to first-Di, four switching device K1-K4; Make the first and secondth switching device K1, K2 is kept closed and the third and fourth switching device K3, K4 are in off-state; This moment, the dc-dc conversion operation was done in the output of the 1102 pairs of electrical generators 120 of dc-dc conversion device and the first storage battery 130A, so that the electrical generator 120 and the first storage battery 130A reach the second threshold value Th2 to second storage battery 130B charging up to the SOC of the second storage battery 130B.
Return the aforesaid step 418B of another branch.In this step, whether the power supply capacity that device for managing and controlling electrical source 1101 is confirmed the electrical generator 120 and the first storage battery 130A according to the SOC of the duty parameter of electrical generator 120 and the first storage battery 130A is greater than total workload demand of the usefulness electric load of calculating among the abovementioned steps 412B 30.If the result is true, then get into step 424B, otherwise, get into step 426B.
In step 424B, the device for managing and controlling electrical source 1101 control electrical generator 120 and the first storage battery 130A make them to supplying power with electric load 30.Get into step 420B afterwards.
In step 426B, the device for managing and controlling electrical source 1101 control electrical generator 120 and the first storage battery 130A make them to electric load 30 power supplies, withdraw from routine B subsequently.
Workflow diagram shown in Fig. 4 C is corresponding to the routine C among Fig. 3.Referring to Fig. 4 C, at step 410C, device for managing and controlling electrical source 1101 obtains the state parameter (for example operating voltage, working current and temperature) of the second storage battery 130B from battery condition monitoring device 1103.
Then get into step 412C, device for managing and controlling electrical source 1101 calculates the SOC of the second storage battery 130B according to the state parameter that obtains.The method of calculating of relevant SOC will be done further description below.
Get into step 414C subsequently, the need for electricity when device for managing and controlling electrical source 1101 judges according to the SOC of the second storage battery 130B whether its power supply capacity is enough to guarantee that start next time.If the SOC of the second storage battery 130B is more than or equal to first threshold Th2; Then device for managing and controlling electrical source 1101 is judged the need for electricity when the second storage battery 130B can guarantee next the startup basically; Get into step 416C this moment; Otherwise device for managing and controlling electrical source 1101 is judged possibly exist the risk that can't successfully start next time, gets into step 418C this moment.
At step 416C, device for managing and controlling electrical source 1101 sends control command to first-Di, four switching device K1-K4, makes these switching devices all be in off-state and also withdraws from routine C subsequently.
At step 418C; Device for managing and controlling electrical source 1101 sends control command to first-Di, four switching device K1-K4; Make that the first and second switching device K1 and K2 are closed and the third and fourth switching device K3 breaks off with K4, the first storage battery 130A charges to the second storage battery 130B through dc-dc conversion device 1102 at this moment.
SOC calculates
The method of calculating of storage battery SOC is below described.
SOC method of calculating commonly used mainly contains open circuit voltage method and current integration method (being also referred to as the ampere-hour method).
The basic thought of open circuit voltage method is a relational model of at first setting up reflection terminal voltage, electric current and electro-motive force when battery operated, obtains corresponding electro-motive force in order to confirming SOC with the relation curve between electro-motive force and the SOC according to the voltage and current that measures then.The advantage of this method is simple, but makes the SOC and the actual value that estimate differ bigger sometimes owing to battery exists from recovery Effects and " platform " phenomenon.
The current integration method is regarded as battery and the outside "black box" that carries out energy exchange, comes the accumulative total variable quantity of recording cell electric weight through the electric current integration in time to the turnover battery.This method is owing to the variation that needn't consider inside battery structure and state, and is therefore stronger than the comformability of open circuit voltage method.But weak point is the SOC initial value usually be difficult to confirm and also as time passes cumulative errors will constantly increase, thereby cause the error calculated of SOC value to become greatly.In addition;, the current integration method need an estimation accurately be arranged when calculating SOC to discharging and recharging coefficient; When battery operated environmental change is big, discharges and recharges coefficient and be difficult to confirm accurately and timely that this also can cause finally calculating SOC result and have bigger error.
Contriver of the present invention proposes following a kind of SOC method of calculating; Its main points are at first storage battery to be divided into two states; Be the bigger state of less state of the internal Stability Analysis of Structures and the electric current of flowing through (not only following be called state 1) and internal structural instability or the electric current of flowing through (following but also be called state 2), adopt different algorithms to different state then.
Contriver of the present invention is through discovering that after automobile remained static above a period of time, the inner structure of storage battery was generally more stable; The contriver also finds; After automobile remains static above a period of time and the electric current of storage battery during less than certain current value (this value can be confirmed and for a storage battery, keeps fixing basically at the battery-operated life period according to experiment), the accuracy of the SOC of the storage battery that calculates with following formula (1) is higher:
SOC＝η1×[Es+I×(R0+Rr)]+η2 (1)
Wherein Es is the voltage of storage battery, and I is the electric current of storage battery, and R0 is the ohmic internal resistance of storage battery, and Rr is the polarization resistance of storage battery, and η 1 and η 2 are constant (can confirm through experiment).
On the other hand, the electric current that is in running state or storage battery when automobile is during more than or equal to above-mentioned current value, and the result's that the contriver finds to be calculated by formula (1) precision can not make us satisfied, and should adopt the SOC of current integration method calculating accumulator this moment.
Because temperature will exert an influence to the SOC of storage battery,, should temperature factor be taken into account therefore in order to obtain accurate result.The contriver is through discovering, following formula (2) can reflect the influence of temperature to the SOC that calculates according to the current integration method preferably:
Wherein Δ t is the temperature increase value of storage battery, and i (x) is the electric current of storage battery at moment x, and t is from initial time to the current time of experiencing, a, b and the c constant for confirming through experiment.
In a word,, judge that at first storage battery is in state 1 or state 2, if be in the former, then utilize the SOC of formula (1) calculating accumulator, otherwise utilize the SOC of formula (2) calculating accumulator according to the aforementioned calculation mode.
Because can be under the spirit that does not deviate from essential characteristic of the present invention; With the various forms embodiment of the present invention; Therefore this embodiment is illustrative rather than restrictive, owing to scope of the present invention is defined by accompanying claims, rather than is defined by specification sheets; Therefore fall into the border and the interior all changes of boundary of claim, or the equivalent of this claim border and boundary thereby forgiven by claim.
Claims (11)
1. two battery electrics electric power system comprises:
Electrical generator;
First storage battery, itself and said electrical generator parallel coupled are to form current supply circuit;
Second storage battery, itself and starter parallel coupled start the loop to form; And
Control unit, it controllably is coupling between said current supply circuit and the said startup loop and dc-dc conversion is provided,
Wherein, Said control unit is implemented the dc-dc conversion operation realizing the charging between the two to the output of said first or second storage battery, and the output of said electrical generator is implemented the dc-dc conversion operation to realize the charging of said electrical generator to said second storage battery.
2. as claimed in claim 1 pair of battery electrics electric power system, wherein, said control unit can also make the said first and second storage battery direct connections, to be united by said first and second storage batterys to said starter power supply.
3. as claimed in claim 1 pair of battery electrics electric power system, wherein, said control unit comprises:
The battery condition monitoring device is used to monitor the state parameter of said first and second storage batterys;
The dc-dc conversion device is used for the dc-dc conversion operation is implemented in the output of said electrical generator, said first and second storage batterys; And
Device for managing and controlling electrical source; With said battery condition monitoring device and the coupling of dc-dc conversion device; Be used for the state parameter that monitors according to said battery condition monitoring device, indicate said dc-dc conversion device to implement corresponding dc-dc conversion operation.
4. as claimed in claim 3 pair of battery electrics electric power system, wherein, said state parameter comprises electric current, voltage and the temperature of said first and second storage batterys.
5. as claimed in claim 4 pair of battery electrics electric power system; Wherein, After the automobile stagnation of movement; If it is not enough so that said starter normal operation unloading phase of next time that said device for managing and controlling electrical source is judged the state-of-charge of said second storage battery; Then indicate said dc-dc conversion device that the output of said first storage battery is implemented the dc-dc conversion operation with to said second battery charge, said state-of-charge obtains according to electric current, voltage and the temperature computation of said second storage battery.
6. as claimed in claim 4 pair of battery electrics electric power system; Wherein, In vehicle traveling process; If said control unit judges the state-of-charge of said second storage battery and is lower than a predetermined threshold value, then indicate said dc-dc conversion device that the output of said electrical generator is implemented the dc-dc conversion operation with to said second battery charge, said state-of-charge obtains according to electric current, voltage and the temperature computation of said second storage battery.
7. as claimed in claim 3 pair of battery electrics electric power system; Wherein, Said control unit controllably is coupling between said current supply circuit and the said startup loop through following manner: said pair of battery electrics electric power system further comprises first and second switching devices, and they are connected between said dc-dc conversion device and said first storage battery and between said dc-dc conversion device and said second storage battery and by said device for managing and controlling electrical source the closed and disconnected state of said first and second switching devices is controlled.
8. as claimed in claim 3 pair of battery electrics electric power system; Wherein, Said battery condition monitoring device comprises first and second sensor groups of the state parameter that is respectively applied for said first and second storage batterys of monitoring; And if the difference of the degree of aging of said first and second storage batterys surpasses preset threshold value, at least one group of et out of order in then definite said first and second sensor groups.
9. as claimed in claim 2 pair of battery electrics electric power system; Wherein, Further comprise the 3rd switching device, said control unit is controlled the direct connection between said first and second storage battery through the closed and disconnected state of said the 3rd switching device of control.
10. like claim 7 or 9 described pairs of battery electrics electric power systems, wherein, said first-Di, three switching devices are realized by relay.
11. as claimed in claim 1 pair of battery electrics electric power system; Wherein, Said first storage battery is compared with said second storage battery, and the area of the former pole plate is less than the area of latter's pole plate, and the thickness of the active substance on the former pole plate is greater than the thickness of the active substance on latter's pole plate.
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