CN103344919A - Method for calibrating SOC of lithium-ion battery - Google Patents
Method for calibrating SOC of lithium-ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN103344919A CN103344919A CN2013102618305A CN201310261830A CN103344919A CN 103344919 A CN103344919 A CN 103344919A CN 2013102618305 A CN2013102618305 A CN 2013102618305A CN 201310261830 A CN201310261830 A CN 201310261830A CN 103344919 A CN103344919 A CN 103344919A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for calibrating the SOC of a lithium-ion battery which is applied to a hybrid power vehicle. According to the method for calibrating the SOC of the lithium-ion battery, the SOC of the battery is calibrated in the traveling process of the vehicle under the combined action of a BMS and an entire vehicle control system, the threshold value of the battery is used as a datum point, and calibration accuracy is high; an entire vehicle controller participates in the calibration process, the calibration of the SOC is easy to implement, stable and reliable, the SOC of the battery can be calibrated at any time according to the demand in the traveling process of the vehicle, and energy is saved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lithium ion battery calibration steps, be applicable to electric automobile and hybrid vehicle.
Background technology
Along with popularizing of new-energy automobile, electro-motive vehicle receives publicity more and more.An oil and electricity hybrid vehicle battery commonly used has lead-acid battery, nickel-cadmium battery, and characteristics are better than other battery because its specific energy height, in light weight, life-span be long etc. for Ni-MH battery and lithium battery, lithium dynamical battery, become the first-selection of more and more oil and electricity hybrid vehicles.Hybrid power, especially the severe hybrid power vehicle is exported by the energy of coordinating between engine and the battery in driving, to reach energy-conservation effect, this needs battery management system to show constantly and reports battery electric quantity (SOC) accurately, and the car load control gear could determine battery to export with great energy proportion.Will definitely not make battery management system send error reporting if SOC detects, cause overcharging or putting excessively of lithium battery.And for lithium battery, frequent and long-term overcharge or cross to put all can battery be caused damage, gently then reduce lithium battery serviceable life, heavy then cause security incident.How safe and reasonable ground uses lithium battery, takes full advantage of electric weight, and extending battery life is lithium battery promotes the problem that institute must solution in electric automobile and field of hybrid electric vehicles.Different with lead-acid battery is, is not direct linear corresponding relation between the SOC of lithium ion battery and the voltage, and the lithium ion battery SOC charging and discharging curve relation corresponding with voltage as shown in Figure 1.When SOC was low, SOC and voltage were approximate direct ratio linear relationship, and when SOC rises to certain amount, SOC is along with the trend of the variation of voltage is also not obvious; But when SOC approached full state, SOC and voltage presented the another kind of direct ratio linear relationship that is similar to again.Cause lithium ion battery to draw the SOC state by measuring cell voltage as lead-acid battery like this.SOC evaluation method commonly used at present is to adopt the ampere-hour integral method, namely adopts the mode of integration, gets the electric weight SOC in a certain moment
0As initial electric weight, with the time as variable, get the SOC of a certain short time t (t) and do integral operation, estimation t is back battery electric quantity SOC constantly
tBut in actual applications, because the influence of factors such as temperature, electric current, charge efficiency or the discharge-rate of battery are non-constant, calculate SOC by the accumulative total current integration and have cumulative errors.If regularly do not revise, this error can increase in time and gradually, causes SOC to be out of one's reckoning.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the calibration steps of a kind of lithium ion battery SOC, this method comprises: carry out following steps by battery management system (BMS):
A. judge whether battery satisfies the SOC calibration condition, if satisfy, execution in step b if do not satisfy, withdraws from;
B. send the SOC calibration command.
C. receive SOC calibration mode signal, if receive signal, execution in step d if do not receive signal, gets back to step a;
D. judge whether cell voltage reaches upper limit threshold voltage or lower threshold voltage, if reach upper limit threshold voltage, then battery SOC puts 100%; If reach lower limit by voltage, then battery SOC puts 0;
E. sending calibration finishes order and withdraws from calibration.
The described method of judging whether battery satisfies the SOC calibration condition is: the corresponding relation of measuring battery SOC and voltage; Measure the voltage of a certain moment t, draw the battery electric quantity SOCt in this moment by above-mentioned corresponding relation; Utilize the ampere-hour integral method to calculate t battery electric quantity SOCt ' constantly; Judge that the absolute value of SOCt and SOCt ' difference whether greater than setting value, is then to satisfy the SOC calibration condition, otherwise do not satisfy the SOC calibration condition.
Described step b also comprises the judgement cell voltage, if voltage is higher than battery ceiling voltage 50%, sends SOC charging calibration command; If voltage is lower than battery ceiling voltage 50%, send SOC discharge calibration command;
Further, carry out following steps by the car load control gear:
F. the battery SOC calibration command of receiving step b;
G. judge whether operating mode satisfies, if, then send SOC calibration mode signal and execution in step g, if not, then do not respond this order;
H. control motor to set current work;
I. the calibration of receiving step e is finished order and is withdrawed from calibration;
Further, described battery SOC calibration command comprises charging calibration command and discharge calibration command.
Again further, if the battery SOC calibration command is the charging calibration command among the step e, motor charges the battery to set electric current in the step g; If the battery SOC calibration command is the order of discharge calibration example among the step e, motor is to set the current drain battery power in the step g.
Described setting electric current is steady current.
Compare with measuring method with using existing SOC calibration, this SOC calibration steps is reference point with the battery voltage threshold, the calibration accuracy height; Operate the participation calibration by entire car controller, realize easily, reliable and stable; At any time energy is saved in calibration when driving as required more.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 measures gained lithium-ion electric tank discharge SOC-voltage curve graph of a relation;
Fig. 2 is that lithium ion battery SOC calibration condition of the present invention is judged flow process;
Fig. 3 is lithium ion battery management system SOC calibration flow process of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is lithium ion battery SOC charging calibration steps flow process of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is lithium ion battery SOC discharge calibration steps flow process of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is multiplying power charging curve under the lithium ion battery normal temperature;
Fig. 7 is multiplying power discharging curve under the lithium ion battery normal temperature.
Embodiment
Describe the lithium battery SOC calibration steps that the present invention relates in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.Mainly comprise engine in the general hybrid electric drive system; Main motor (generator) is controlled by main motor (generator) controller; Battery is by battery management system (BMS) management control.The co-ordination of each electric machine controller of car load control gear control car load.
The SOC calibration steps that the present invention relates to may further comprise the steps:
A. judge whether battery satisfies the SOC calibration condition, if satisfy, execution in step b if do not satisfy, withdraws from;
B. send the SOC calibration command.
C. receive SOC calibration mode signal, if receive signal, execution in step d if do not receive signal, gets back to step a;
D. judge whether cell voltage reaches upper limit threshold voltage or lower threshold voltage, if reach upper limit threshold voltage, then battery SOC puts 100%; If reach lower limit by voltage, then battery SOC puts 0;
E. sending calibration finishes order and withdraws from calibration.
What need detailed description is that the calibration condition in the above-mentioned middle a step can be any condition that satisfies the calibration of battery needs.
Wherein a kind of situation is periodic calibration, and the calculating of SOC generally all is by the ampere-hour integral method among the battery management system BMS, the ampere-hour integral method is illustrated in the present specification background technology.Battery is along with the lengthening of service time, because the error that the accumulation of time produces can be increasing, the SOC that the ampere-hour integral method calculates also can be increasing with actual deviation, so after battery uses a period of time in the mixing motor-car vehicle, can think that the shown SOC value of its BMS is inaccurate, need calibrate.Think in the periodic calibration that calibration condition namely satisfies as long as time conditions satisfies.
Another kind of mode can illustrate quantitatively that the battery state of charge demonstration needs calibration, as shown in Figure 2.The present invention preferably adopts this mode.The method of this calibration condition is:
At first measure the corresponding relation of battery SOC and voltage, this corresponding relation can be static measurement down, also can be when driving, and arbitrary moment of battery task idle periods carries out, and the data of gained form form or curve.
Measure the voltage of a certain moment t then, draw the battery electric quantity SOCt in this moment by above-mentioned corresponding relation, when driving cell voltage is gathered as this step 1, battery state of charge under this voltage by the mode correspondence such as searching.
Utilize the ampere-hour integral method to calculate t battery electric quantity SOCt ' constantly on the other hand, contrast SOCt and SOCt ' judge that the absolute value of SOCt and SOCt ' difference whether greater than setting value, is then to satisfy the SOC calibration condition, otherwise do not satisfy the SOC calibration condition.
Above-mentioned setting value is followed according to the actual parameter of battery and is determined, can suppose not influence the battery SOC tolerance under the battery life prerequisite earlier, such as surpassing 5% of battery SOC, determines setting value.
Fig. 3 has shown SOC calibration key step flow process of the present invention.According to above-mentioned steps b, BMS sends the SOC calibration command, comprising charging calibration command and discharge calibration command.Its characteristics are, when battery electric quantity when over half, adopt the charging calibrating mode can obtain calibration result more quickly, same, when battery electric quantity is below half, adopt the discharge calibrating mode can finish calibration more quickly.But because the SOC of BMS system estimation is inaccurate, may influence it to the selection of calibration mode, the present invention preferential cell voltage that measures that adopts in place is judged.That is, if the cell voltage that measures is lower than 50% of battery rated voltage, can assert that then its electric weight also is lower than half of total electric weight, adopt the discharge calibration mode, BMS sends the discharge calibration command to whole-control system; If the cell voltage that measures is higher than 50% of battery rated voltage, can assert that then its electric weight also is higher than half of total electric weight, adopt the charging calibration mode, BMS sends the charging calibration command to whole-control system.
After BMS sends calibration command, can wait for receiving the whole-control system feedback signal, namely whether agree calibration.Its stand-by period can freely be set according to actual conditions.If do not receive feedback signal, show that then the current actual conditions of whole-control system do not allow to finish calibration, BMS returns beginning, calibrates judgement again; If receive feedback signal, then carry out steps d, i.e. the voltage status of monitoring battery.
Two kinds of situations may appear in the monitoring to the cell voltage state: voltage reaches upper threshold and voltage reaches the threshold value lower limit, respectively to inductive charging calibration mode and discharge calibration mode.If voltage reaches upper threshold, then BMS thinks that battery state of charge is full, i.e. SOC=100%, and replacement SOC value is 1; If voltage reaches the threshold value lower limit, then BMS thinks your state of battery charge for empty, i.e. SOC=0, and replacement SOC value is 0.
To battery SOC put 1 or return 0 after, BMS sends calibration and finishes order, and withdraws from calibration.
The whole-control system aspect, receive the SOC calibration command after, judge that order is charging calibration or discharge calibration.Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 have shown the SOC calibration flow process of charging calibration mode and discharge calibration mode respectively.If receive the charging calibration command, judge at first whether vehicle working condition allows, be whether motor and/or generator be in running order, if this moment motor and/or generator operate as normal, be in the state that the state of consumed powers such as pure motor driving, climbing or drive a vehicle generating, energy recovery etc. charge the battery such as vehicle, then temporarily do not respond the charging calibration command, rejudge vehicle working condition after waiting for a period of time, allow until operating mode.After whole-control system judges that operating mode allows, send SOC calibration mode signal (SOC calibration mode signal can be identical under charging calibration and the discharge calibration mode) to BMS, set the generator working current then, that is, with the steady current set to battery charge.Require motor not work (not consumed power) in this process, be full of until battery; If receive the discharge calibration command, judge at first whether vehicle working condition allows, be motor and or generator whether in running order, if this moment motor and/or generator operate as normal, be in the state that the state of consumed powers such as pure motor driving, climbing or drive a vehicle generating, energy recovery etc. charge the battery such as vehicle, then temporarily do not respond the charging calibration command, rejudge vehicle working condition after waiting for a period of time, allow until operating mode.After entire car controller judges that operating mode allows, send SOC calibration mode signal (SOC calibration mode signal can be identical under charging calibration and the discharge calibration mode) to BMS, set the motor working current then, that is, and the constant current consumption electric energy of motor to set.Require generator not work (not to battery charge) in this process, use up until battery electric quantity.
Whole-control system continues to receive calibration and finishes signal in said process, if receive this signal, then finish calibration, withdraws from calibration mode; Send calibration to entire car controller then and finish signal, after being received by entire car controller, finish calibration.
Below above-mentioned " steady current of setting " described in detail.According to the distinctive attribute of lithium battery, its multiplying power discharging curve and charging curve are as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7.Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 have compared charge/discharge current respectively and have been respectively 1C, 5C, 10C, 15C, the voltage during 20C constant current charge/discharge-SOC charge/discharge curve (for the battery of 7.5Ah, the 1C electric current is 7.5A).As can be seen, charge/discharge current is more big from the figure, and battery charging/discharging is more not thorough.Because battery electric quantity all was to adopt 1C and following continuous current to carry out measuring under the situation of charge/discharge when general battery dispatched from the factory, when utilizing the inventive method to carry out the battery SOC calibration, should use the little continuous current of trying one's best, be preferably less than or equal the electric current of 1C.Present embodiment is preferentially selected the 1C charge/discharge current for use.Can guarantee the degree of accuracy of battery SOC calibration like this, can make calibration finish battery charging/discharging with fast speeds again.
Claims (7)
1. a lithium-ion-power cell state of charge Calibration Method is characterized in that, carries out following steps by battery management system (BMS):
A. judge whether battery satisfies the SOC calibration condition, if satisfy, execution in step b if do not satisfy, withdraws from;
B. send the SOC calibration command.
C. receive SOC calibration mode signal, if receive signal, execution in step d if do not receive signal, gets back to step a;
D. judge whether cell voltage reaches upper limit threshold voltage or lower threshold voltage, if reach upper limit threshold voltage, then battery SOC puts 100%; If reach lower limit by voltage, then battery SOC puts 0;
E. sending calibration finishes order and withdraws from calibration.
2. lithium-ion-power cell state of charge Calibration Method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the described method of judging whether battery satisfies the SOC calibration condition is: the corresponding relation of measuring battery SOC and voltage; Measure the voltage of a certain moment t, draw the battery electric quantity SOC in this moment by above-mentioned corresponding relation
tUtilize the ampere-hour integral method to calculate t battery electric quantity SOC constantly
t'; Judge SOC
tWith SOC
t' whether the absolute value of difference greater than setting value, be then to satisfy the SOC calibration condition, otherwise do not satisfy the SOC calibration condition.
3. lithium-ion-power cell state of charge Calibration Method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described step b also comprises the judgement cell voltage, if voltage is higher than battery ceiling voltage 50%, sends SOC charging calibration command; If voltage is lower than battery ceiling voltage 50%, send SOC discharge calibration command.
4. lithium-ion-power cell state of charge Calibration Method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, carries out following steps by the car load control gear:
F. the battery SOC calibration command of receiving step b;
G. judge whether operating mode satisfies, if, then send SOC calibration mode signal and execution in step g, if not, then do not respond this order;
H. control motor to set current work;
I. the calibration of receiving step e is finished order and is withdrawed from calibration.
5. lithium-ion-power cell state of charge Calibration Method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described battery SOC calibration command comprises charging calibration command and discharge calibration command.
6. lithium-ion-power cell state of charge Calibration Method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, if the battery SOC calibration command is the charging calibration command among the step e, motor charges the battery to set electric current in the step g; If the battery SOC calibration command is the order of discharge calibration example among the step e, motor is to set the current drain battery power in the step g.
7. lithium-ion-power cell state of charge Calibration Method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described setting electric current is steady current.
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| CN105277909A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-01-27 | 湖南南车时代电动汽车股份有限公司 | SOC calibration method of hybrid power cell |
| CN105774574A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-07-20 | 北京长城华冠汽车科技股份有限公司 | New energy automobile battery state-of-charge calibration method and device |
| CN106945546A (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2017-07-14 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | The SOC dynamic correcting methods of electrokinetic cell |
| CN108054731A (en) * | 2017-12-24 | 2018-05-18 | 江西优特汽车技术有限公司 | A kind of setting method of power battery voltage protection |
| CN109212420A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-01-15 | 深圳市科陆电子科技股份有限公司 | SOC modification method based on AGC frequency modulation energy-storage system |
| CN109324295A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-02-12 | 杭州临安合星智能科技有限公司 | Electricity shows correction module and method |
| CN109507595A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-22 | 贵安新区新特电动汽车工业有限公司 | Battery SOC dynamic calibration method, device and electronic equipment |
| CN109941148A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-06-28 | 爱驰汽车（上海）有限公司 | Method, apparatus, the electronic equipment, storage medium of residual power percentage are provided |
| CN109991555A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-07-09 | 深圳市国新动力科技有限公司 | A kind of tender correction method of the battery pack charging SOC and SOC that discharges |
| CN110174623A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-08-27 | 合肥阳光新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of SOC calibration method of energy-accumulating power station battery |
| CN110376534A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-10-25 | 安徽贵博新能科技有限公司 | A kind of cell power systems SOC estimation method based on PF algorithm |
| CN110488196A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-11-22 | 安徽力高新能源技术有限公司 | A kind of method of smooth amendment lithium battery charging SOC |
| CN111146511A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-05-12 | 深圳市科陆电子科技股份有限公司 | BMS battery SOC correction maintenance method and system |
| CN111434519A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2020-07-21 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Battery pack balancing system and control logic for multiple electrically driven motor vehicles |
| CN111641001A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-08 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | Correction method, device, storage medium and device of battery system |
| CN112078429A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2020-12-15 | 长沙智能驾驶研究院有限公司 | Vehicle battery SOC correction control method and device, storage medium and computer equipment |
| CN113281654A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-20 | 奇瑞商用车（安徽）有限公司 | High-rate battery SOC calibration method |
| WO2021253693A1 (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2021-12-23 | 金龙联合汽车工业（苏州）有限公司 | Method and system for estimating soc of hybrid power in-vehicle battery |
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| CN105277909A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-01-27 | 湖南南车时代电动汽车股份有限公司 | SOC calibration method of hybrid power cell |
| CN105277909B (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2018-06-12 | 湖南南车时代电动汽车股份有限公司 | Hybrid power capacity cell SOC calibration methods |
| CN105774574A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-07-20 | 北京长城华冠汽车科技股份有限公司 | New energy automobile battery state-of-charge calibration method and device |
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| CN108054731A (en) * | 2017-12-24 | 2018-05-18 | 江西优特汽车技术有限公司 | A kind of setting method of power battery voltage protection |
| CN109212420A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-01-15 | 深圳市科陆电子科技股份有限公司 | SOC modification method based on AGC frequency modulation energy-storage system |
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| CN110376534A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-10-25 | 安徽贵博新能科技有限公司 | A kind of cell power systems SOC estimation method based on PF algorithm |
| CN109324295A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-02-12 | 杭州临安合星智能科技有限公司 | Electricity shows correction module and method |
| CN109507595A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-22 | 贵安新区新特电动汽车工业有限公司 | Battery SOC dynamic calibration method, device and electronic equipment |
| CN111434519A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2020-07-21 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Battery pack balancing system and control logic for multiple electrically driven motor vehicles |
| CN109941148A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-06-28 | 爱驰汽车（上海）有限公司 | Method, apparatus, the electronic equipment, storage medium of residual power percentage are provided |
| CN109991555A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-07-09 | 深圳市国新动力科技有限公司 | A kind of tender correction method of the battery pack charging SOC and SOC that discharges |
| CN110174623A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-08-27 | 合肥阳光新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of SOC calibration method of energy-accumulating power station battery |
| CN110174623B (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2021-10-22 | 合肥阳光新能源科技有限公司 | SOC calibration method for battery of energy storage power station |
| CN112078429A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2020-12-15 | 长沙智能驾驶研究院有限公司 | Vehicle battery SOC correction control method and device, storage medium and computer equipment |
| CN110488196A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-11-22 | 安徽力高新能源技术有限公司 | A kind of method of smooth amendment lithium battery charging SOC |
| CN110488196B (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2021-12-07 | 合肥力高动力科技有限公司 | Method for smoothly correcting charging SOC of lithium battery |
| CN111146511B (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2023-05-30 | 深圳市科陆电子科技股份有限公司 | BMS battery SOC correction maintenance method and system |
| CN111146511A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-05-12 | 深圳市科陆电子科技股份有限公司 | BMS battery SOC correction maintenance method and system |
| CN111641001B (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2021-07-13 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | Correction method, device, storage medium and device of battery system |
| CN111641001A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-08 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | Correction method, device, storage medium and device of battery system |
| WO2021253693A1 (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2021-12-23 | 金龙联合汽车工业（苏州）有限公司 | Method and system for estimating soc of hybrid power in-vehicle battery |
| CN113281654A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-20 | 奇瑞商用车（安徽）有限公司 | High-rate battery SOC calibration method |
| CN113281654B (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2024-08-06 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Calibration method for SOC of high-rate battery |
| CN114035064A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-02-11 | 武汉蔚能电池资产有限公司 | Battery charge state correction method and device, vehicle and storage medium |
| CN114035064B (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2024-06-18 | 武汉蔚能电池资产有限公司 | Battery charge state correction method, device, vehicle and storage medium |
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