FR3041666B1 - DEVICE FOR THERMALLY INSULATING, HOLDING AND REGULATING THE INNER TEMPERATURE OF A BUILDING - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for detaching the interior environment of a frame from external aggression, by the establishment on the inner face of a wall in contact with the outside, an assembly of boxes (1) voids forming a tight lining and allowing the forced circulation of a coolant whose temperature will be controlled by a source external to the device (17). Outside the device, the heat transfer fluid will be conveyed by sheaths (15, 16) provided for this purpose. These boxes (1) communicate with each other via intake (2) and exhaust (2 ') ports, arranged so that they allow the passage of fluid from a box (1) to box (1) contiguous. Some of them, at least two, will have at least one light (8, 8 ') allowing the entry and exit of the fluid in the device. The device according to the invention is perfectly suited to any type of construction, individual or collective housing, offices, premises, new or renovation.

Description

The present invention relates to a thermal insulation device for maintaining and regulating the temperature of all types of buildings, new or old, by channeling a coolant, mainly air, previously heated or refreshed. To date, all the means of thermal insulation and maintenance of the internal temperature of a building require the introduction of solid materials rigid, semi-rigid or to blow.

Most are of mineral or vegetable origin, and therefore have a sensitivity to certain elements such as moisture or settlement, which affects their effectiveness.

In addition, to keep their efficiency, these materials require impeccable implementation, and often the complement of a second protective material (example: vapor barrier film in the case of a timber frame construction).

The device set up according to the invention proposes to thermally isolate and regulate the internal temperature of a building by acting primarily on the walls in contact with the outside.

According to a first characteristic, the device consists of assembling on the inner face of the opaque walls in contact with the outside, empty caissons, allowing the forced circulation of a coolant (for example air), previously heated. or refreshes according to the desired effect, by a source not integrated in the device.

These boxes communicate with each other via intake and exhaust transfer lights. The result is a sealed envelope, which separates the interior environment from external aggressions: cold, heat, humidity, thus canceling the thermal bridges, and modifying the inertia of the walls.

Another feature is that all boxes, once in place, are an inner lining, which, depending on the material used for the visible side, can also be used as a finishing.

These boxes are assembled vertically (positioning on walls), horizontally (for example under a concrete slab or wood floor) or obliquely (under a roof).

The boxes are fixed to the wall by a means allowing a rectilinear assembly and a perfect plumb, and primarily on a wood or metal frame attached to the wall.

Another characteristic is that the dimensions of the boxes, which are variable and defined on a case-by-case basis, must allow easy handling, to facilitate installation.

The boxes consist of: - A wooden or metal frame, whose section may be variable depending on the fluid flow required. This chassis incorporates at least one baffle, forcing the fluid to cover the entire surface of the box.

The sizing of this frame is variable, and depends primarily on the configuration of the wall to be insulated. Customized prefabrication makes it possible to integrate special cases such as joinery, or any interior element (for example: chimney).

This chassis incorporates two fluid transfer lights, one for the inlet in the box, the other for the exhaust, each located at each end of the fluid path. These lights allow the passage of fluid from one box to the next box. An inner side, wall side, consisting of a panel to close the box tightly: compressed wood panel, plasterboard, gypsum board or equivalent.

This inner face is positioned and fixed on the frame by nailing, screwing or gluing. A seal is disposed between the frame and the panel. An outer face, consisting of a panel to close the box: compressed wood panel, plasterboard, gypsum board or equivalent. This panel may be made of a different material from the inner face. Its implementation will be identical, namely fastening by nailing, screwing or gluing, on the face of the frame opposite to the inner face. A seal seals between the frame and the panel.

The path of the fluid is thus perfectly materialized, passing without discontinuity from one box to the next through the transfer lights.

A variant of the device incorporates complementary insulation disposed at the rear of the inner face. In this case, a second frame, the width of the complementary insulation, will be fixed behind the inner face (FIG. 3).

Another feature is that on the entire device, at least 2 boxes have an opening for the case either at the fluid inlet into the device or at its outlet. The location of this light is not imposed, and depends on the architectural configuration of the insulated wall as well as the source of heat or cooling and its positioning. At the outlet of the device, the fluid will either be routed back to the heating or cooling source, then injected again into the device (closed circuit operation), or discharged to the outside.

This is to sectorize the sequences of the device, for example piece by piece, in order to better manage the desired effects. This management is in the field of professionals, and will not be developed here. The flow of fluid outside the device will be provided by insulated sheaths, the size and implementation of which are in the field of professionals. It will be the same for the source of heating or cooling of the fluid, these parameters will not be developed here.

However, given the small amount of air contained in the boxes, a low energy system is recommended: heat pump, solar thermal panels, recovery of dead energy restored by an insert, stove or boiler.

In summary, the invention relates to: - A device intended to be affixed to the inner face of a wall in contact with the outside. This device consists of an assembly of empty boxes, thus forming an empty dubbing. - A box includes an intake port, and an exhaust port. - The exhaust light of a box coincides with the intake light of the following box. - A heat source or cooling is intended to insufflate by means of a sheath a heat transfer fluid through the inlet of the device, the fluid leaving the device through the outlet being fed back to the source by means of a sheath. - A box has at least one baffle. - A box, substantially parallelepiped shape, consists of a frame on which two panels are affixed to each of the parallel faces having the largest area. - A seal ensures tightness between two boxes. - A support, positioned between a wall and the caissons, is intended to maintain two contiguous caissons. - The fluid temperature source is a heat pump, a heat recovery unit, solar thermal panels, or a heater. - An insulator is affixed to the rear part of the box, its maintenance being ensured by a second frame.

The accompanying drawings illustrate the process:

FIG. 1 shows two contiguous caissons (1), without the panels of the outer and inner faces, revealing the chassis (5), the baffle (18), the intake ports (2) and the exhaust ports (2). '), and thus materializing the path of the heat transfer fluid.

Figure 2 shows the box (1) in longitudinal section, with the inner face (3), the frame (5), the baffle (18), the outer face (4) and the seals (6).

Figure 3 shows the variant with an incorporated insulator (7) and the attached frame (5 ').

In order to concretize the explanations of the above description, Figure 4 shows an example of implementation in longitudinal section, Figure 4 A has the same configuration in cross section.

FIG. 5 represents an example of a complete sequence with a source (17) for heating / cooling the circulating air provided by an air / air heat pump.

With reference to FIGS. 4 and 4A, the masonry wall (10) has on its outer face:

Rigid wood fiber insulation (11), ventilation (12) per air gap, composite panel outer skin (13).

On the inside of the wall, the wooden cleats (9) supports the caissons, and the caissons (1) themselves.

Special attention is required at the transfer lights (2,2 ') to ensure watertightness. For this, a seal (14) (silicone type or equivalent, in any case adapted to the material of the cleat (9)), will be disposed between the cleat (9) and the inner face (3) of the box. An appropriate seal (14) will seal the junction of the outer faces (4) of the boxes (1).

The boxes (1) are positioned on the support brackets (9) whose width is sufficient to allow attachment by screwing of 2 boxes (1) contiguous through their frame (5).

At the ends of the device, the inlet (8) and the outlet (8 ') of the fluid in the device.

With reference to FIG. 5, the assembly of a sequence comprises the assembly of the caissons (1) against a wall (10) (here the wall of a dwelling), with a caisson (1) at the beginning of the sequence comprising the inlet (8) of the fluid, and a box at the end of the sequence comprising the outlet (8 ') of the fluid.

A transparent representation of the chassis (5) and the circulating air makes it possible to visualize its path.

An insulated sheath (15) conveys the heated or cooled air from the source (17) to the inlet (8) of the box (1), a second sheath (16) ensures the return of the fluid output (8 ') to the source (17) for heating or cooling, here a ducted air / air heat pump, which incorporates a fan.

The device presented here operates in a closed circuit. All ducts (15,16) and the source (17) are arranged in the attic of the house. Being a process independent of all the structural elements composing the frame, the system can be implemented on new constructions or renovation without any modification of the frame and building codes in force.

In the case of steel or wood frame construction, the boxes can be assembled together with the production of the structural elements, according to the same process.

Claims (6)

1) Thermal insulation and temperature control device of a building, characterized in that it consists of the establishment against the inner face of a vertical wall, horizontal or oblique to isolate, d ' one or a plurality of boxes (1) prefabricated, hollow and sealed at their edges and communicating with each other, intended to be traversed mechanically forced by air previously heated or refreshed by any type of source (17) adequate, located outside the box (1) and connected thereto by one or sheaths (15). 2) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that a box (1) comprises an intake port (2) and an exhaust port (2 '), and in that the exhaust port (2') ) of a box (1) coincides with the intake opening (2) of the box (1) following. 3) Device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the junctions of the lights (2 and 2 ') of two boxes (1) contiguous are sealed by means of a coating or wet seal appropriate to the panel material, preventing circulating air from coming into contact with the surrounding indoor air. 4) Device according to one of the preceding claims ^, characterized in that a box (1) prefabricated consists of a frame (5) whose shape, number of amounts and geometry are variable and adaptable depending architectural constraints, on which two panels of wood coating or plasterboard are affixed on each of the two parallel faces having the largest area. 5) Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air flowing through the boxes never come into contact with the indoor air of the building. 6) Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a support (9) positioned between a wall (10) and the caissons (1), and whose specificities are within the skills of those skilled in the art , is intended to maintain two contiguous caissons.