FR3041368A1 - ENTREBAILLEUR DEVICE FOR OPENING - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a scallop device (1) comprising a member for adjusting the gap (4), a first piece (2) said support on which is articulated the adjusting member of the crack (4) a second separate connecting piece (3) comprising a groove (8) in which said interlocking member is movable, means for adjusting the degree of cracking (9A, 9B, 9C, 9D), and retaining means (6, 13) of the adjusting member in the groove, including a retractable finger (6) associated with the connecting piece, characterized in that the adjusting member of the gap (4) is adapted to be movable through the groove (8) when the finger (6) is in position engaged in said groove.

Description

The invention relates to a scallop device intended to ensure the opening of an opening.

A device entrebâilleur makes it possible to maintain ajar opening a opening according to a certain degree of opening to answer various needs such as the ventilation of a room, the surveillance. Such a device is generally composed of three parts, a first part attached to the opening, a second part fixed to the frame or another opening and an adjustment member of the degree of opening mounted on the second part.

The document EP 1 428 963 A1 describes such a device entrebâilleur but which also allows to maintain locked in the safety position the opening half-open to a given degree of opening, that is to say that the cracking once set is locked in position so as not to be modifiable and if not to open the opening completely. To this end, this known device comprises two parts, a first part attached to the opening, a second part fixed to the frame of the opening or another opening, and a member for adjusting the degree of opening which is mounted on the second piece. The locking in the cracking position is done by means of a retractable bolt and lockable by key lock, which is intended to engage in a hole of the adjustment member of the degree of opening, said member having several orifices distributed along its length to correspond to several half-open positions.

This type of device is primarily used to lock the opening in an open position adapted to the need for cracking and keep it locked so that only an authorized person can unlock and release the adjustment member of the opening degree . This lock is particularly imposed in the hospital, or care of children, elderly or sick.

This known device, however, must always appeal to a person authorized to change the degree of cracking because it is necessary each time to unlock the device, to adjust the degree of opening and lock the device again. However, it happens that the authorized person is not immediately available to perform this task.

To overcome this inconvenience of availability, it is known from the French patent application FR 2 934 300, a device that allows anyone to change the opening of an opening, without the need to unlock the device.

The device proposed by this document comprises in a known manner a first so-called support piece which is fixed on a frame and to which is associated a so-called spacer member of longitudinal shape, and a second distinct piece called locking with key lock, fixed on the opening and comprising a retractable locking finger operable via the lock, the finger being intended to cooperate with the spacer member so as to provide a gap while blocking the complete opening of the opening.

In order to block the complete opening while making it possible to modify the degree of cracking, the spacer member of this document comprises a guiding groove extending longitudinally. Said groove is provided on each side of its longitudinal edges of pairs of notches facing each pair of notches being intended to correspond to a given spacing of the opening. The locking finger of the locking piece cooperates with said groove for the displacement of the degree of cracking, and with the notches for stopping in a half-open position. This device provides a crack in the opening while ensuring the impossibility to open it completely, and allows to change the degree of the crack without the need to unlock key. The invention aims to provide a cracking device that obviates the aforementioned drawbacks or that proposes a different system of the prior art.

According to the invention, the interstage device comprising: - an adjustment member of the crack, called arm, said member being of oblong shape, - a first so-called support piece on which is articulated the adjustment member of the a crack, a second separate junction piece comprising a groove in which said arm is able to be movable, means for adjusting the degree of cracking, and means for retaining the arm in the groove to limit the half opening, including a retractable finger associated with the connecting piece, is characterized in that the arm is adapted to be movable through the groove when the finger is in the engaged position in said groove.

In the remainder of the description, the term "arm" is understood to mean the spacer member, sometimes called a cracking member or a member for adjusting the crack.

The term "retaining means" means any means leading to the impossibility of completely disengaging the arm from the junction piece. In this way, the total opening of the opening is condemned.

The term "engaged position" means that the finger is in the extended position in the groove and extends transversely to the longitudinal axis of the arm.

The terms "horizontal", "vertical", "upper", "lower", "up", "down", "height", "forward", "rear", "proximal", "distal", "transverse", "Longitudinal", qualify by qualifying elements when the device is in mounted use position.

According to one feature, the groove has a depth such that the distance separating the underside of the finger in the engaged position, the bearing portion of the bottom of the groove against which is intended to carry the adjusting member, is greater than the height of the organ. In the extended position of the finger while the adjusting member is able to be movable in the groove, the finger constitutes a high stop for said member.

Thus, when the finger is in the engaged position in the throat of the junction piece, the device of the invention can provide freedom of movement to the arm, located in the throat and under the finger, to make possible any change of the degree of cracking without having to retract the finger, while condemning the total opening of the opening through the means of retaining the arm in the groove. When the arm is supported on the lug by its upper edge, a clearance of about 1 mm between the upper edge of the arm and the underside of the finger is sufficient to ensure the inclination and mobility of the arm.

According to the invention, the means for adjusting the degree of cracking allow the user to adjust the degree of the crack without locking it. These means are preferably notches (spaced from each other and distributed along the arm) cooperating with a projecting element, such as a lug, present in the throat of the junction piece. A degree of opening of the opening corresponds to one of the positions of the notches. In particular, the notches are arranged at the lower edge of the adjusting member, while the lug is arranged in the bottom of the groove.

Advantageously, the device comprises means for locking the degree of cracking, which make it possible to lock the crack in a given position of cracking. These means preferably comprise spaced orifices (aligned at a distance from each other and distributed along the arm) cooperating with the locking finger. Each orifice corresponds to a degree of cracking.

In this configuration, the arm is not located under the finger engaged position in the groove, but it is raised in the groove so as to cooperate said finger with said locking means of the crack.

The term "position suitable for free adjustment of the crack" means the position of the arm for which the arm is trapped in the groove while being able to be movable in the groove to freely adjust the crack, the finger of locking is not in the engaged position in a locking means of the degree of cracking.

Advantageously, the device according to the invention therefore comprises both means for adjusting the degree of cracking and locking means of the degree of cracking, which can be used according to the choice of the user. Thus, the crack is either locked in a given position, or simply blocked by allowing the displacement of the degree of cracking. The device is characterized in that it provides two variants of use to choose from, a use able to provide a crack that is locked in position and can only be changed by an authorized person having unlocking means, or a use able to provide a crack that is adjustable at any time by anyone while preventing the opening to be fully open.

Therefore, the arm is: - movable and trapped in the groove, with the finger in the engaged position in said groove and thus forming a high stop preventing said arm out of said groove in the vertical direction transverse to the X axis of the arm, the arm being adapted to cooperate with means for adjusting the degree of cracking, without locking in a half-open position, or capable of cooperating with the locking finger by engagement of the finger in locking means of the degree of in the arm, the arm can not then be movable in the throat.

According to one characteristic, the retaining means comprise the locking finger in the engaged position in the groove, and a protuberance at the free end of the adjusting member, the finger constituting a high stop for said adjusting member and against which can be stopped the adjusting member in case of pivoting thereof to prevent the member out of the groove, and the protuberance constituting a lateral stop for said adjusting member, the protrusion can abut the outside the groove against the junction piece so as to prevent the horizontal sliding of the arm out of the groove.

In the case where the locking finger is retracted, it no longer constitutes a stop, then allowing the arm to exit out of the groove in the vertical direction to open the opening fully.

Preferably, the free end of the arm, preferably of rounded shape, comprises a protuberance forming a recess or at least a gripping end surface which promotes the good grip of the arm, in particular by pinching between two fingers of the two faces longitudinal projections of the arm, the protuberance forming a stop for the fingers.

In addition, the arm is associated with the support member in pivotal articulation. The articulation of the arm on the support part allows mobility of said arm by pivoting in a vertical plane, thus including the X axis of the arm. The movement of the arm by a simple pivot to change the crack, is advantageously fast and easy maneuvering.

This pivoting movement followed by a movement of translation of the arm allows the user to change the degree of the crack and select one of the means of adjusting the degree of cracking according to the desired degree of cracking.

The junction piece comprises a finger movement control member called locking member, key lock type, the finger constituting the bolt of the lock.

According to another characteristic, the arm is of oblong shape with an articulated end, in particular by pivoting, on the support part and a free end, and comprises two opposite main faces, which have a concave shape so as to impart rigidity to said arm, with regard to the small thickness of the arm, of the order of 6 mm.

The arm advantageously comprises a rib in its lower edge, a song intended to be opposite the bottom of the throat. Said rib cooperates with the bottom (in particular the lug) of the throat of the junction piece and makes it possible to minimize the friction during the displacement of said arm in order to slow down the wear of the parts and to peel off the paint on too much arm surface.

Finally, the device comprises fixing means, preferably screws, the support piece and the connecting piece on the opening and / or the frame, which can be made inaccessible in the cooperation position of the piece of junction with the arm of the support piece. Any disassembly of the device is thus made very difficult, if not impossible.

The present invention is now described with the aid of examples which are only illustrative and in no way limit the scope of the invention, and from the attached illustrations, in which: FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a interlocking device of the invention, the locking finger being in the engaged position in the groove of the connecting piece, the opening member being in a fixed position of degree of cracking; - Figure 2a is a perspective view of the device of the invention, the locking finger being in the retracted position; - Figure 2b corresponds to Figure 2a with the finger in the engaged position; FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional perspective view of the device of the invention along the axis AA of FIG. 1, showing the device in the locked position according to a certain degree of cracking, the locking pin being in position engaged in a means of locking the degree of cracking; - Figure 4 is a front view of the device of the invention in position adapted to free adjustment of the crack and illustrating a maximum degree of opening; FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view, at the level of the arm, of the device of the invention along the axis BB of FIG. 1, the locking finger being in the engaged position in the groove, and the arm being in position; suitable for free adjustment of the crack; FIGS. 6a and 6b are front views of the device of the invention to illustrate its operation, the lock and the locking member of the junction piece not being shown, the arm being in a position suitable for free adjustment cracking,; - Figure 7a is a front view of the device of the invention, illustrating the device in the locked position and corresponding to a closure of the opening (without the possibility of cracking); FIG. 7b is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 7a, along the axis B-B of FIG. 1.

The figures are not scaled for easy reading.

The interlocking device 1 according to the invention illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2a and 2b comprises a first support part 2, a second joining piece 3, and a crank member 4 secured to the support piece 2, and intended for The gap member or arm 4 is intended to provide an adjustable distance between the support member 2 and the connecting piece 3, with a view to an adjustable gap. It has an oblong shape, with a longitudinal axis X. It is articulated pivotally on the support part 2 along an axis of horizontal rotation transverse to the X axis. The arm can thus pivot in a vertical plane.

The arm includes a proximal end 4A which is that hinged to the support piece 2 and a free distal end 4B. The arm of parallelepipedal general shape has two opposite main faces parallel, so-called before 4C and rear 4D (FIG. 5), extending along its largest dimension, and an upper edge 4E and an opposite lower edge 4F.

According to the invention, the device makes it possible to be used according to two variants illustrated respectively in FIGS. 1 and 7a, one providing a secure crack (that is to say preventing any total opening of the opening) and of which the degree of opening can be freely adapted, while the other guarantees a locking of the cracking position.

In FIG. 1, the arm 4 is able to slide freely substantially horizontally while being retained in the joining part 3. In FIG. 7a, the arm 4 is slightly inclined at an angle α, and cooperates with the connecting piece 3 to provide a controlled and lockable opening of a door or window opening.

The cooperation between the arm 4 and the joining piece 3 will be developed in more detail later.

The device 1 is intended to be associated with an opening (not shown) such as a window. It makes it possible to keep the door ajar at a given open position, and according to the invention to modify this position while keeping the arm 4 connected to the connecting piece 3, so that it is impossible to open completely. opening it, as indicated later.

In the following, the dormant and windows on which the device is installed are vertical.

The support piece 2 is secured, for example by screws, to a fixed element of construction (not shown), such as the frame of a window, or to a movable element (not shown), such as a leaf of a first window for windows with two doors, as indicated later.

The connecting piece 3 is fixed either to the leaf of the opening (in the case of a window to an opening), or, in the case of a window with two openings, to the second of the two openings, in the same way as the support part 2.

Alternatively, the support part 2 could be fixed to a fixed wall wall in which is housed the frame of the window, the size of the arm 4 then being adapted to the separation distance between the wall wall and the opening.

The device 1 adapts to all types of openings such as window, French window, door. In the case of a window, the joining piece 3 is advantageously on the height of the amount of said window.

The constituent elements of the device 1 are made of rigid and resistant materials, mostly steel and zamak. The device is fixed on the opening as well in wood, aluminum, or polyvinyl chloride (PVC).

The support piece 2 comprises a cylindrical body 20 mounted pivotally mounted along a vertical axis, on two brackets 21A and 21B provided with holes for the passage of screws (not shown) for fixing the support piece 2 on an element fixed frame, such as a window frame, or an opening for two-door systems.

Thus, the support piece 2 can pivot about a vertical axis.

The body 20 comprises a sleeve 22 receiving the proximal end 4A of the arm 4, so as to allow the pivoting movement of the latter.

With reference in particular to FIG. 3, the joining piece 3 comprises: a cylindrical body 30 that can be mounted articulated in rotation along a vertical axis on two brackets 31A and 31B provided with holes for the passage of screws (not illustrated) intended to fix the joining piece 3 on a window leaf different from that on which the support piece 2 is fixed; a connecting block 32 integral with the cylindrical body 30 and intended to receive the arm 4.

For more details on the connection in rotation between the cylindrical bodies 20 and 30, and the brackets respectively 21A, 21B, and 31A, 31B, one skilled in the art can refer to the European patent application No. 1428963A1, and in particular with regard to FIG. 8 of the latter. Note that means may further be provided to lock the rotation of said cylindrical body 30 relative to the brackets 31A and 31B, as described in said prior patent application.

Said connecting block 32 comprises in its upper part: a U-shaped groove 8 with a vertical axis, open upwards, and in which the arm 4 is able to slide transversely with respect to the vertical axis; with reference to FIG. 5, the U-shaped groove 8 has two opposite and spaced walls 8A and 8B, and a bottom 8C; with reference to FIGS. 2a and 2b, the bottom 8C of the groove 8 has a lug 10 having an upper face 10A intended to form a bearing surface for the arm. a locking system 33 of the arm in the groove 8.

As shown in FIG. 3, the locking system 33 comprises a horizontal housing 33A accommodating a cylindrical slide 5 provided, at its end facing the cylinder 30, with a finger 6, and at its opposite end, with a lock 7 key lock type, the finger 6 constituting the bolt of the lock.

The finger 6 is adapted to be displaced in horizontal translation between a position where it projects in the groove 8 U, and a retracted position outside the latter, in its housing 33A.

With reference to FIGS. 1, 2b and 5, the depth of the groove 8 is adapted to provide between the finger 6 in the extended position and the upper face 10A of the lug 10 a reception space for accommodating the arm 4 and allowing its mobility according to a horizontal sliding and a slight inclination. In particular, the distance separating the lower face of the finger 6 in the extended position and the upper face of the lug 10A is greater than the width of the arm, that is to say at the distance separating the upper edge 4E of the lower edge. 4F of the arm. It can be seen that in the locked position of FIG. 3, the arm 4 is at a distance from the bottom 8C of the groove that provides a space 80A. In position suitable for free adjustment of cracking, as illustrated in Figures 2b and 5, a space 80B is formed in the groove 8 between the upper edge 4E of the arm 4 and the locking finger 6.

The arm 4 is intended to ensure the opening of the opening and its degree of opening relative to the frame. Its proximal end 4A is articulated on the cylindrical body 20 of the support piece 2 and its free distal end 4B is provided with retaining means 13 to prevent the arm from being withdrawn from the groove 8 when the latter is housed and imprisoned therein .

The arm 4 has an elongate shape whose thickness is much smaller than its length, and slightly smaller than the width of the U-shaped groove 8 corresponding to the separation distance of the walls 8A and 8B. The faces 4C and 4D of the arm are of concave shape so as to reinforce the rigidity of the arm 4 with regard to its small thickness.

With reference to the figures, more particularly 4 and 6a and 6b, the arm 4 has on its lower edge 4F means for adjusting the degree of cracking such as notches 9A to 9D spaced along the length of the arm (only the notches 9C and 9D are visible in Figure 1). Each notch is formed in a position which is intended to correspond to a given degree of spacing of the opening, the notch then cooperating with the pin 10 (Figure 6a) provided in the bottom 8C of the groove 8, as it will be described later.

The arm 4 also has means for locking the degree of cracking and / or locking of the closed position of the opening. These means are in the form of spaced circular orifices 11A to 11D (only the orifice 11A is visible in FIG. 1), regularly distributed along the arm, and preferably arranged eccentrically with respect to the height of the arm . The first proximal orifice 11A corresponds to the locking of the device and that in the closed position of the opening, the cracking being then impossible. The orifices are through opposite two opposite faces 4A and 4B of the arm. They are aligned longitudinally. They are preferably arranged in the upper part of the faces, near the upper edge 4E. Each orifice is provided at a position which is intended to correspond to a given degree of spacing of the opening relative to the frame, each opening being able to cooperate with the locking pin 6 as will be described later.

FIG. 3 illustrates the device of the invention 1 in a latched locking position, the locking pin 6 being engaged in the orifice 11B of the arm 4.

According to the invention, it is understood that the finger 6 projecting into the groove 8 can either pass through one of the orifices 11A to 11D in the interlocking position of the crack (FIG. 3), or serve as an upper stop for the upper edge 4E arm preventing the output of the arm of the latter (Figure 1) while allowing the arm 4 to slide in the groove 8.

The notches 9A to 9D are advantageously in position offset longitudinally with respect to the orifices 11A to 11D (FIG. 4).

The arm 4 has at its rounded free end 4B a protrusion 13 intended to abut against the lateral face 8D of the groove 8 (external face to the groove and transverse to the walls 8A and 8B) and against the finger 6 when the latter is in the engaged position in the groove 8 (FIG. 1), so as to prevent the exit of the arm from said groove 8.

The finger 6 and the protuberance 13 thus form means for retaining the arm 4 in the groove 8 (upper abutment and lateral abutment), respectively preventing vertical disengagement of the arm by pivoting, and horizontal disengagement of the arm by sliding.

Moreover, the protuberance 13 advantageously provides at least one of the main faces of the arm with a recess 14 which promotes good gripping of the end 4B of the arm by the fingers of a user.

The arm 4 further has a longitudinal guide rib 12 on its lower edge 4F, whereby said edge rests on the bottom 8C of the groove 8 (Figure 5). Advantageously, the rib promotes the sliding of the arm 4 in said groove 8 and minimizes friction during sliding of the arm, helping to slow down the wear of the parts, and to scale the paint on too large a surface of the arm.

The operation of the device is described below. The control member 7 has: - either a free unlocked position for which the finger 6 is fully retracted into the locking system 33 (Figure 2a); - Or a locking position for which the finger 6 protrudes into the groove 8 (Figure 1); - Or at least one locking position for which the finger 6 protrudes into the groove 8 and engages in one of the orifices 11A to 11D of the arm 4 (Figure 3).

FIG. 2a illustrates the installation of the latch device 1. The locking finger 6 is retracted into the locking system 33 so as to allow the arm 4 to be inserted into the groove 8 by pivoting said arm in a vertical plane. , and along an axis perpendicular to the X axis.

3 illustrates the device of the invention in the locking position of the degree of cracking, the locking pin 6 being in the engaged position in the orifice 11 B.

To reach the locking position, the finger 6 is retracted into the locking system 33, then the arm 4 is raised by rotation, so that the orifice 11B is found facing the exit hole of said finger 6, and then said finger 6 is inserted into the orifice 11B through a turn of the key on the locking member 7.

The interlock device 1 is in the locked interlocking position, no pivoting or sliding movement of the arm is allowed and the degree of cracking can not be changed without having the key of the lock.

In order to change the degree of cracking, a key turn is performed on the locking member 7 to control the withdrawal of the finger 6 which then releases the arm 4. The orifice 11B is positioned at 11D desired next to the hole of output finger 6, then it acts again on the locking member 7 for the introduction of the finger in another port 11B to 11 D.

The pivoting of the arm is more particularly obtained by exerting a traction force transverse to the X axis on the free end 4B of the arm. This movement is easy to perform by anyone and does not require any special effort.

Due to the arrangement of the openings in the upper part of the arm and the positioning of the finger at a distance from the bottom of the groove, when the finger 6 is engaged in one of the orifices, here the first proximal orifice 11 A, the axis X of the arm 4 then has an angle with the horizontal. With regard to the first orifice 11A, the inclination of the arm relative to the horizontal is particularly marked, which allows the user to identify that the intersteller device 1 is in the locked position and the opening is closed; the key is necessary if you want to open and open the opening.

Figures 1, 4 and 5 show the device in the other use for which the degree of cracking is adjustable and unlocked, while preventing the opening of the opening, the arm 4 remaining trapped in the groove 8 and therefore remaining associated with the connecting piece 3.

After retracting the finger 6 in the locking system 33 by a turn of the key on the locking member 7 to introduce the arm into the groove 8, said arm 4 rests by gravity on the bottom 8C of the groove 8, by its guide rib 12. It is then possible to engage the finger 6 in the groove 8 by another turn of the key on the locking member 7, the finger 6 then constitutes a high stop which prevents the arm 4 from coming out of the groove 8.

Thanks to the space 80B, the arm 4 can be raised very slightly so as to slide it in the groove 8 by pressing the rib 12 against the upper face of the lug 10 until it encounters one of the notches 9A to 9D. If the notch corresponds to the desired degree of cracking, releasing the arm 4, the latter falls by gravity so that the notch engages by mutual cooperation on the lug 10 (Figures 6a and 6b).

When the arm is resting on the lug by its upper edge 4F, the space 80B is reduced to a clearance of the order of 1 mm between the upper edge 4E of the arm and the underside of the finger, which is sufficient to ensure tilt and mobility of the arm.

Figures 6a and 6b illustrate the cooperation of the notch 9A with the lug 10, the locking member 7 of the junction piece 3 not being shown to facilitate understanding of the figure. The views correspond respectively to the device being adjusted for the crack and to a stopped position of cracking.

The arm 4 as illustrated in Figures 1, 5 and 6b is thus in the locked position in a certain degree of cracking, but not locked.

The terminal protuberance 13 prevents the arm 4 from leaving the groove 8 while abutting against the outer lateral wall 8D of said groove 8.

Thus, the arm 4 remains movable in translation in the groove 8 regardless of the degree of cracking, and any change of crotch position is possible without having to retract the finger 6. The device 1 remains therefore usable to modify the degree of cracking while leaving the arm trapped in the groove 8 so that only one third authorized to unlock the device 1 (via the key) can fully open the opening.

In the unlocked position that is adjustable but not locked, the arm 4 is in a horizontal position, which enables the user to detect that the interjoister device 1 is not locked in a given cracking position, but simply blocked.

In order to modify at any time the degree of cracking, the arm 4 is lifted and is slid in the groove 8 while seeking to make a notch 9A to 9C cooperate with the lug 10.

The device of the invention thus makes it possible in all simplicity and speed the mobility of the spacer member from a given position of cracking up to another position, without it being possible to fully open the opening.

Claims (10)

1. Device entrebâilleur (1) comprising a member for adjusting the crack (4), a first piece (2) said support on which is articulated the adjusting member of the cracking (4), a second separate piece (3) said junction comprising a groove (8) wherein said adjusting member is movable, means for adjusting the degree of cracking (9A, 9B, 9C, 9D), and means of retainer (6, 13) of the adjusting member in the groove, including a retractable finger (6) associated with the connecting piece, characterized in that the adjusting member of the opening (4) is suitable to be movable through the groove (8) when the finger (6) is in the engaged position in said groove. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the groove (8) has a depth such that the distance separating the underside of the finger in the engaged position, the support portion of the bottom of the groove against which is intended to bring the adjusting member, greater than the height of the member (4). 3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the means of adjusting the degree of cracking are notches (9A to 9D) cooperating with a projecting element (10) present in the groove (8) of the piece junction (3). 4. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises means for locking the degree of cracking, in particular the locking means of the degree of cracking comprise spaced orifices (11 A, 11 B , 11C, 11D) cooperating with the locking finger (6). 5. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the retaining means comprise the locking finger (6) in the engaged position in the groove, and a protuberance (13) at the free end (4B) of the adjusting member (4), the finger and the protuberance respectively constituting a high stop and a lateral stop for said adjusting member. 6. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the free end (4B) of the adjusting member of the cracking (4) comprises a protuberance (13) forming a recess or gripping surface (14). 7. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the articulation of the adjusting member of the cracking (4) on the support piece (2) allows a mobility of said adjusting member ( 4) by pivoting in a vertical plane. 8. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting piece (3) comprises a locking member (7) of the key lock type, the finger constituting the bolt of the lock. 9. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adjusting member of the cracking (4) comprises two opposite main faces (4C and 4D) having a concave shape. 10. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adjusting member of the cracking (4) comprises a rib (12) arranged on the lower edge (4F) of said member, which is intended to be next to the back of the throat.