FR3025819A1 - TEMPORARY AND REMOVABLE FLOOR FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CONCRETE SLABS - Google Patents

Abstract

This floor (1) is implemented within a formwork for the realization of a slab (2) of concrete, said formwork comprising: • primary beams, and • a secondary beam (4) extending transversely between each pair of primary beams (3) constituting an assembly receiving a formwork plate, which floor (1) is able to fill the space separating the primary beams. The floor has side edges parallel to the primary beams and longitudinal edges (15, 26) perpendicular to said beams. It includes the following means: • a bearing surface; • a suspension and holding structure (18, 19) adapted to engage and rotate in the groove which is provided with each of the primary beams; • hooking means (24) formed at one (15) of the longitudinal edges of the floor; • complementary hooking means (25) of the hooking means (24), formed at the longitudinal edge (26) opposite the longitudinal edge (15), and intended to cooperate with the hooking means (24) d an adjacent floor (1).

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the field of the realization of concrete slabs cast on site, made by means of a temporary formwork frame. Such a formwork frame is generally made using parallel longitudinal formwork beams, assembled with transverse secondary formwork beams on which formwork sheets are positioned to define a flat concrete receiving surface. The invention relates more particularly to the replacement of the secondary formwork beams currently individual, or assembled but with uncontrolled positioning, by a temporary and removable floor guaranteeing the recovery of loads and systematically ensuring the concept, the safety of people working on the construction site. The invention relates more particularly to a temporary and removable floor providing easy implementation and ensuring the creation of a still secure, which controls the open spaces to prevent falls from height and reduce the hardness of work. STATE OF THE ART In general, a formwork for the production of concrete slabs usually comprises primary formwork beams extending in a main direction, between which formwork secondary beams extend, the assembly thus produced receiving a or several flat formwork plates, typically made of plywood, suitable for receiving the concrete. In order to reduce the risk incurred by the personnel carrying out this formwork, it is known to use a temporary and removable floor, which is mounted at its opposite ends between the primary formwork beams, in order to at least partially fill the space between the secondary formwork beams.

3025819 2 However, these systems do not guarantee the spacing between these elements for complete security. The opposite ends of the floor are provided with latching structures, which are received in a longitudinal groove of adjacent primary formwork beams. The establishment of such a floor first requires lifting on one side until the attachment structures at one of its ends are engaged with an adjacent primary formwork beam, and lift it from the other side until the latching structures at its other end are engaged with another adjacent primary formwork beam. Especially because of the height at which a floor must be hung, this handling requires the use of a handling tool to work at the proper height. Similarly, when raised accidentally or it undergoes significant vibration, such a floor can move, which is likely, again, to cause accidents.

Finally, the secondary formwork beams and the floors are hooked only by their opposite ends, and nothing is provided to prevent their sliding along the primary formwork beams, which could create particularly inopportune and dangerous free spaces between them. 25 secondary formwork beams and floors. In summary, no current system offers: - an open floor with controlled spaces between each floor element (typically with a maximum space of 6 centimeters); - stitching solutions, that is to say fixing plywood elements on said floor, combining both flexibility and continuity (typically an attachment of such elements every 8 centimeters); the impossibility of lifting the supports of the floor elements once in place; 35 - the obligation to lay the floor elements safely because of their design.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is therefore to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art, by proposing a new temporary and removable floor for the realization of concrete slabs, this floor then replacing advantageously secondary beams formwork. For this purpose, the invention aims a floor, also referred to in the field considered by planchon, intended to be implemented temporarily and removably within a formwork for the realization of a concrete slab, said formwork comprising: - a plurality, and at least two parallel primary formwork beams having, on each of their two opposed opposite sides, a groove or longitudinal groove, and 15 - a secondary formwork beam extending transversely between each pair of beams primary formwork, the assembly constituting a support assembly receiving at least one formwork plate.

According to the invention, the floor is able to at least partially fill the space separating said primary formwork beams, and comprises the following means: a bearing surface, able to receive the formwork plate and to ensure the required mechanical strength; especially in terms of weight; a cross-bar bordering the bearing surface and constituting one of the longitudinal edges of the floor, provided at each of its opposite ends with a suspension and holding structure capable of engaging and pivoting in the groove of which each is provided. primary beams; first attachment means arranged at the cross-member; and second complementary attachment means of said first attachment means, formed at the longitudinal edge opposite the longitudinal edge formed by the cross member, and intended to cooperate with the first attachment means of an adjacent floor in order to forming a set of successive floors extending between the primary formwork beams.

In other words, the invention consists mainly in providing removable floors or floorboards suspended on the primary beams at one of their edges, so that before assembly they remain oriented substantially. vertically under the effect of gravity, and whose positioning in operational mode 5 to form the formwork support assembly requires the fastening of the plates together. In doing so, the distance separating two consecutive floors is defined and limited by the length of the attachment means, which can be reduced by construction so as to guarantee the safety conditions.

In other words, if the floors of the prior art are capable of being positioned in the operating mode individually, that is to say they are placed horizontally on the primary beams by four points of support, and maintained at this level in the absence of any other external element, such is not the case of the floors of the invention. Indeed, in order to be in operational mode, they require cooperation with an adjacent floor. They are positioned on the primary beams with two points of support, the other two points of support being made on the adjacent floor. In doing so, the resulting security for the users is conceived because there is no risk of space separating two consecutive floors, and at least the reduction of such spaces. Moreover, by its initial placement in vertical position, the floor according to the invention is much easier and less dangerous to hang than that of the prior art, and only its pivoting in a horizontal position requires the use of a handling tool. Its implementation advantageously requires only one person. In addition to being hooked by its opposite ends between the primary formwork beams, each floor is further assembled with the subsequent floor by hooking means. This creates an interdependence that avoids accidental unhooking of a floor, as well as dimensional continuity between successive floors for greater safety and greater working comfort for workers moving between the primary formwork beams. This interdependence ensures security in an intuitive and systematic way.

The attachment means of the floor allow a game concerning the distance between two successive floors, which allows to adjust the length of all successive floors to the length to be equipped.

According to a variant of the invention, the floor has no cross member, but its bearing surface is secured to two parts, substantially in the vicinity of its side edges. Each of these two parts incorporates the attachment means and the complementary attachment means, as well as the suspension and holding structure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon reading the following description, taken with reference to the accompanying drawings, given by way of non-limiting examples, in which: FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a floor according to the invention seen from the side of its front face; - Figure 2 is a perspective view of a floor according to the invention seen from the side of its rear face; Figures 3 to 5 are perspective views illustrating different steps of placing a floor according to the invention between two primary formwork beams; Figure 6 is a detail view in perspective of a floor according to the invention at one end of its fastener; Figure 7 is a detailed perspective view of a floor according to the invention being engaged with a formwork start beam; Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of a floor according to the invention assembled with another adjacent floor; Figure 9 is a schematic sectional representation illustrating the position of one of the floor edges at a primary beam; Figures 10 and 11 are schematic representations of an alternative embodiment of the attachment means of the invention.

MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The structurally and functionally identical elements present in several distinct figures are assigned a same reference numeral.

As already mentioned, the invention relates to a floor (1) temporary and removable to be implemented within a formwork for the realization of slabs (2) of concrete.

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, such a formwork comprises a plurality of formwork frame beams, namely parallel formwork primary beams (3) and at least one formwork start beam (4). extending transversely between each pair of primary beams (3), thus constituting a support assembly receiving at least one shuttering plate (5).

For this purpose, as shown in FIG. 6, the primary formwork beams (3) each have a central portion (6) for supporting the formwork plates (5), and two longitudinal grooves or grooves (7), intended to receive fastening means of the plates. Each longitudinal groove (7) has a bottom region (8) bordered by a protruding flange (9). The plate (1) according to the invention is intended to at least partially fill the empty space, generally of rectangular shape, separating the primary beams (3). It comprises a carrier surface (10), generally of rectangular shape, designed to support the weight of the formwork and concrete and of several persons, and intended to prevent the accidental fall of a person traveling on the surfaces being assembled. Made of lightweight and strong material, preferably comprising an aluminum alloy, the carrier surface (10) weighs about 12 kg for a length of 160 cm, and can withstand a load greater than 700 kg. The carrier surface (10) preferably has a width of about 40 to 50 centimeters, and can be provided with a length of about 90, 120, 160 or 180 centimeters, which provides a modular character to the floor (1) according to the invention and makes it suitable for most construction sites.

In the remainder of the description, the term front face (11) and rear face (12) of the floor (1), respectively the face (11) of the floor (1) directed away from the person (13) manipulating this floor (1) when placed between two primary beams (3), and the face (12) of the floor (1) facing this person (13) and the closest to it. Thus, the front is the direction in which is set up a floor (1). As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the floor (1) according to the invention comprises a cross member (14) provided at its rear longitudinal edge (15) 10 to cooperate at its opposite ends (16, 17). with the primary beams (3) of formwork. When placing the floor (1) of the invention between two primary beams (3), the floor (1) is first lifted vertically until its crossmember (14) is at the level of the beams primary (3) (see Figure 3). The opposite ends (16, 17) of the cross member (14) are then successively engaged in the groove (7) of the primary beams (3) adjacent.

For this purpose, at each of its opposite ends (16, 17), the cross member (14) comprises a suspension and holding structure (18, 19), hereinafter referred to as "roller", capable of engaging and pivoting in the groove (7) of the adjacent primary beams (3).

In order to allow the introduction of the floor (1) into the groove, such a floor (1) has a height defined by its suspension and holding structure (18, 19) which is less than the distance separating the plane defined by the lower surface of the shuttering plates (5) and the plane defined by the upper surface of the flanges (9) projecting from the longitudinal grooves (7). In this way, each end of the cross member (14) can penetrate inside, or be retracted from the groove (7). It is also possible to remove each floor (1), typically 24 hours after pouring the concrete slab above the form plates (5). In this way, the floor (1) can be reused, especially during the complete drying of the slab (2) of concrete.

Once engaged by the opposite ends (16, 17) of its crossmember (14), the floor (1) of the invention is suspended between the two adjacent primary formwork beams (3), and remains substantially vertical.

So that the floor (1) does not come off accidentally, its suspension and holding structures (18, 19) are retained in the grooves (7) of the primary beams (3). For this purpose, each suspension and holding structure (18, 19) may comprise a groove (20) adapted to receive the rim (9) projecting from a primary beam (3), as shown in FIG. 6 It may also comprise a holding and pivoting roller (21, 22) at its free end, adapted to be received in the groove (7) of a primary beam (3). The holding and pivoting rollers (21, 22) may be made of steel and attached at the free ends of each of the suspension and retaining structures (18, 19). FIG. 9 shows the positioning of such a roller at the groove (7) of a primary beam (3). After being suspended vertically between two primary beams (3), the floor 20 (1) of the invention is pivoted at the opposite ends (16, 17) of its cross member (14) from its vertical position to a horizontal position (see Figure 4). For this purpose, each suspension and holding structure (18, 19) preferably has a rounded angle (23) capable of facilitating the rotation of the floor (1) 25 when it tilts 90 degrees. Once in a horizontal position, the floor (1) of the invention is pushed in sliding to be hooked in a horizontal position to an element in front of him (see Figure 5), whether it is another floor (1) adjacent or a formwork beam (4) placed on primary formwork beams (3). For this purpose, the floor (1) according to the invention comprises fastening elements (24, 25), as shown in Figures 1 and 2, for assembling with another floor (1) adjacent or with a starting beam (4) 35 in the case where it is the first floor (1) to be mounted between two primary formwork beams (3).

Thus, the floor (1) according to the invention comprises first hooking means (24) formed at the crossbar (14), and second complementary hooking means (25) formed at the edge. fore longitudinal (26) of the floor (1) to engage with the attachment means (24) of an adjacent floor (1), to form a set of successive floors (1) extending between the primary beams (3) formwork. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the attachment means (24) are female means (27) formed on the rear face (12) of the floor (1), while the complementary attachment means ( 25) are male means (28) formed on the front face (11) of the floor, which avoids having fastening elements (24, 25) projecting at the visible edge (15) of the last floor (1) set up within a set of successive floors (1). The hooking means (24, 27) can be made of steel and attached to the end 15 (12, 15) of the floor (1). The male means (28) for hooking preferably comprise rods (29) terminated by a hook (30), while the female means (27) for hooking are in the form of a cutout (31) or a light 20 through, able to let penetrate the hooks (30) of the adjacent floor through its opening and retain them in horizontal and vertical translation by its edges once the floor (1) set up. Retained both by its hooks (30) and its suspension and holding structures (18, 19), a floor (1) is not likely to fall off accidentally. The attachment means (28, 29) 25 may be made of steel and reported at the ends of each of the structures of the floor (1). As shown in FIG. 8, the rods (29) of the male hooking means (28) have a length capable of allowing play on the distance separating two successive floors (1). It is thus possible to adapt the overall length of a set of successive floors (1) to the length of the primary beams (3) formwork without leaving gaps between them, which could represent a danger to them. people setting up formwork plates (5).

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the male and female hooking means (24, 25) of the invention allow a set of adjustment of approximately 0 to 6 centimeters.

For reasons of stability and safety, the floor (1) according to the invention preferably comprises at least two attachment means (24) and two complementary attachment means (25). The floor (1) is thus supported at at least four points.

The floor (1) of the invention can be detached from the primary beams (3) from below. This operation is performed by first unhooking the hooking elements (24, 25) connecting it to the floor (1) above, for example by slightly lifting its front longitudinal edge (26) so as to disengage its hooks (30) from cutouts (31) of the previous floor (1), then pulling the floor (1) in a horizontal direction away from the floor (1) above. Once the latching elements (24, 25) disengaged, the floor (1) can then tilt down to be arranged substantially vertically. A person can then grasp the floor (1) and disengage his suspension and retaining structures (18, 19) from the groove (7) of the primary beams (3) to arrange for storage for later use. . A starting beam (4) is however necessary at the end of the primary beams (3) to allow attachment of the first floor (1) placed between these primary beams (3).

For this purpose, the rear face of the starting beam (4) may comprise the same attachment means (24) as those provided at the cross-member (14) of the floor (1).

It is obvious that the present description is not limited to the examples explicitly described, but also includes other embodiments and / or implementations. Thus, a technical characteristic (shape, material, attachment, etc.) described can be replaced by an equivalent technical characteristic without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Thus, and according to an alternative, the hooking means, respectively (24, 25) and (28 - 31) can be made in one piece forged or molded, placed in banks or side edges of the floor, such as It can be seen in FIGS. 10 and 11. This single piece also receives a suspension and holding structure of the type described above in connection with the first embodiment of the invention. This single piece (33) is secured, for example by welding on the crosspieces of the bearing surface, in the vicinity of the lateral edges of the floor.

According to this embodiment, the cutout or through-hole (31) constituting the female coupling means is produced, not on the cross-member, but on the rear face (32) of one of the free ends of said part ( 33).

This variant makes it possible to simplify the production of the floors (1).

Claims (10)

REVENDICATIONS1. Floor (1) intended to be implemented temporarily and removably within a formwork for producing a slab (2) of concrete, said formwork comprising: a plurality of parallel formwork primary beams (3) having on each of their opposite opposite sides, a longitudinal groove or groove (7) with a bottom zone (8) bordered by a protruding flange (9), and a transversely extending transverse formwork beam (4) between each pair of primary formwork beams (3) constituting a support assembly receiving at least one formwork plate (5), which floor (1) is adapted to at least partially fill the space between said primary beams (3) and formwork, and characterized in that said floor (1), having lateral edges parallel to the primary beams (3) and longitudinal edges (15, 26) perpendicular to said beams (3), comprises the following means: a bearing surface (10); ) suitable for to receive the shuttering plate (5) and to ensure the required mechanical strength, particularly in terms of weight; a suspension and holding structure (18, 19) adapted to engage and pivot in the groove (7) which is provided each of the primary beams (3); hooking means (24) formed at one (15) of the longitudinal edges of the floor; hooking means (25) complementary to the hooking means (24), formed at the longitudinal edge (26) opposite the longitudinal edge (15), and intended to cooperate with the hooking means (24) of an adjacent floor (1) to form a set of successive floors (1) extending between the primary formwork beams (3). 2. Floor (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the attachment means (24) are female means (27), and in that the complementary attachment means (25) are male means (28). ). 3025819 13 3. Floor (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the male means (28) for hooking comprise rods (29) terminated by a hook (30), and in that the female means (27) of hooking consist of a cutout or light (31) adapted to allow the hooks (30) to penetrate through the opening thus defined, and to retain them in translation by its edges once the floor (1) in place. Floor (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the rods (29) of the male means (28) hooking have a length adapted to impart a game in relation to the distance between two floors (1) consecutive. Floor (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least two attachment means (24) and two complementary hooking means (25). Floor (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each suspension and holding structure (18, 19) comprises a groove (20) adapted to receive the flange (9) projecting from a primary beam (3) formwork. Floor (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each suspension and holding structure (18, 19) comprises a holding and pivoting roller (21, 22) at its free end, suitable to be received in the groove (7) of a primary formwork beam (3). Floor (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that each retaining roller and pivoting (21, 22) has a rounded angle (23) adapted to facilitate the rotation of the floor (1) when tilting from its vertical position towards its horizontal position. Floor (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that one (15) of its longitudinal edges is constituted by a cross member (14), in that said cross member (14) is provided to each its opposite ends (16, 17) of a suspension and holding structure (18, 19), and in that the attachment means (24) are provided at said cross-member. 5 4. 10 5. 15 6. 20 7. 25 8. 30 9. 35 3025819 14 10. Floor (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the bearing surface (10) is secured to two parts (33) adjacent the side edges of the floor, each of said parts incorporating the means of hooking (24) and the complementary hooking means 5 (25), and the suspension and holding structure.