FR3016382A1 - FORMWORK BANK. - Google Patents

Abstract

Formwork shutter of the type comprising: - a box (2) in two rigidly associated parts: a formwork part (20) which comprises the formwork front wall (5), and a rigid holding part (21) which comprises the rear wall (4); - a functional means (34, 145, 79, 146, 147, 3, 148) carried substantially by the rigid holding portion (21). The functional means (34, 145, 79, 146, 147, 3, 148) is associated with an automatic motor means (161, 104, 110, 128, 149) capable of driving and moving the member (35, 81, 131). , 11, 13, 14, 19, 107) of this functional means (34, 145, 79, 146, 147, 3, 148), carried by the rigid holding portion (21) and housed in the interior space (143). ) of the box (2), the box (2) being provided with supply means (152) of the motor means (161, 104, 110, 128, 149), opening out of the box (2).

Description

The invention relates to the field of formwork for the building, or formwork formwork. A formwork element for the building, or formwork, generally comprises a wall comprising a flat formwork face, intended to receive the cast concrete, and a rigid structure ensuring the flatness of the latter during the pouring of the concrete. We have progressively equipped such networks with functional means. Such functional means comprise, for example feet allowing to place the form on the floor, the feet being optionally adjustable to position the branch height or horizontality. Other functional means include, for example, devices for bringing together and outcropping two side members with respect to each other, so as to produce a formwork of larger dimensions, laterally and / or vertically. An example of such functional means is for example described in FR 2 969 195. The control of these functional means must be accessible at the appropriate time to an operator, so that it can precisely operate the functional means. As these functional means become more and more numerous, varied and varied, provision can be made to equip the body with automatic motor means capable of operating the functional means.

EP 2 211 001 provides for example common hydraulic actuation means for foot cylinders and side cylinders. However, the implementation of such means is problematic on site because of adverse extreme conditions that may prevail, including dust, moisture and / or the possibility of shocks that make fear for the longevity of such motor means. It is thus sought to democratize the use of such motor means on a banche. Furthermore, there is known, for example from EP 2,211,000, a formwork shuttering of the box type type, of the type comprising: a box delimiting an interior space, having a front wall of formwork, the front face of which is a formwork face, a rear wall and peripheral edge walls, means for rigid holding of the box adapted to the fact that it cash the forces applied to the banche during its use, functional means of lateral connection, comprising lateral connecting members. In this case, the lateral connection member of the functional means is operable manually through an opening made in the rear wall of the box. However, such an implementation requires openings large enough to allow the passage of (ie without risk of injury) the hand of the operator or tool. Therefore, we do not really benefit from the implementation in the form of caisson. Thus, according to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a formwork box of the type comprising: a box defining an interior space, having a front wall formwork, the front face is a formwork face, a rear wall and peripheral edge walls, means of rigid holding of the box adapted to the fact that it cash the forces applied to the box during its use, the functional means of support and / or positioning and / or binding and / or access and circulation, and / or accessory holding comprising support members and / or positioning and / or binding and / or access and circulation and / or accessory holding, characterized in that : the box comprises two parts rigidly associated: a formwork part comprising the front wall formwork, and a rigid holding portion comprising the rear wall, at least one of the functional means is associated with at least one automatic motor means , at it is possible to drive and move said member of this functional means, carried by the rigid holding portion and housed in the interior space of the box, the box being provided with means for supplying the motor means, opening out of the box, the box is substantially closed, by means of openings for the passage of at least one of the functional means having a portion located in the interior space and a portion that can be located outside the interior space, the at least one means functional being optionally retractable wholly or partly in the interior space.

Thanks to these provisions, one benefits from the advantages of a caissonée box, in particular relating to its rigidity and its sealing, while rendering automatable the functional means. According to one embodiment, a functional means comprises a base carried by the rigid holding portion, and the member movably mounted relative to the base according to at least one degree of freedom, wherein the driving means is adapted to drive and move the member relative to the base according to the degree of freedom between a retracted position and an extended position. In one embodiment, in the extended position of the organ, at least a portion of the organ is located outside the interior space. According to one embodiment, the rigid holding portion comprises a series of stiffening elements assembled to the rear wall, and extending from the rear wall towards the front wall of formwork, and in which at least one of functional means or motors is carried by at least one of the stiffening elements.

According to one embodiment, at least two stiffening elements extend parallel to each other from the rear wall, and wherein at least one of the functional means or motors has a mounting portion disposed between the two elements. stiffeners and assembled to each of these two stiffening elements.

According to one embodiment, at least one of the functional means or motors is mounted through a stiffening element. In one embodiment, the stiffening elements are supported on the front wall formwork.

According to one embodiment, the direction of actuation by the motor means is transverse to the direction of the stiffening element which supports it. According to one embodiment, the direction of actuation by the motor means is parallel to the direction of the stiffening element which supports it.

In one embodiment, the rigid holding portion comprises at least one edge wall.

According to one embodiment, at least one of the functional means or motors is carried by the edge wall. According to one embodiment, at least one of the functional means or motors is carried by the edge wall and a stiffening element. In one embodiment, the formwork wall has a rear face, opposite to the formwork front face, the rear face being provided with a series of stiffening elements.

According to one embodiment, the series of stiffening elements of the shuttering wall extend parallel to each other in a first direction, the series of stiffening elements of the rigid holding part extend parallel to each other in accordance with a second direction transverse to the first direction, the first and second directions together defining a plane parallel to the formwork face.

In one embodiment, the first and second directions are orthogonal. According to one embodiment, the shuttering panel further comprises means for controlling at least one motor means, the control means being operable through the peripheral wall of the box by an operator to control the operation of the motor means for driving and move the organ of the associated functional means.

In one embodiment, the rear wall has at least one opening for the passage of at least one control button of the control means out of the interior space. According to one embodiment, the power supply means, electrical, hydraulic or pneumatic means of the motor means comprise an electrical connector, hydraulic or pneumatic opening outside the box, and adapted to be connected to an electrical supply line, hydraulic or external tire, respectively, and at least one electrical line, hydraulic or pneumatic, respectively, internal, extending from the connector to the motor means.

According to one embodiment, the shuttering portion and the rigid holding portion are rigidly associated but removable and separable, the front wall being removably associated with the rigid holding portion which can receive one of several front walls in function. needs, and rigid holding means are at least substantially integrated with the rigid holding portion.

In one embodiment, the functional means is a functional face-to-face linkage means. According to one embodiment, the face-face connection means comprises: a base integral with the rigid holding portion; a housing forming the functional member and movably mounted on the base in the axial front-to-back direction between a position; extreme front where it is supported on the base in the rear-front direction and a rear position, the housing comprising a through opening aligned with a through opening of the formwork wall in the axial direction front-rear, - a clamping system worn by the housing, and adapted to alternatively take an open configuration in which a rod can be translated relative to the housing in the front-rear direction, and a closed configuration, in which it is adapted to maintain a rod rigidly on the housing.

According to one embodiment, the shuttering panel further comprises a locking system adapted to take alternately a locked state, in which it prevents the clamping system from being placed from its closed configuration into its open configuration, and an unlocked state, into which it allows the clamping system to be placed from its closed configuration to its open configuration.

According to one embodiment, in the unlocked state, the locking system prevents the clamping system from being placed from its open configuration to its closed configuration. According to one embodiment, the clamping system comprises a first and a second half-nut, mounted movable relative to each other between an open configuration and a closed configuration, in which, in the closed configuration of the two half-nuts these, together, have a continuous internal thread. In one embodiment, in its closed configuration, the clamping system comprises a nut comprising a continuous internal thread, the nut being integral with the casing in translation in the front-to-back direction, and being mobile in rotation relative to the housing around the front-rear direction. According to one embodiment, the formwork panel further comprises a locking system adapted to take alternately a locked state, in which it prevents a rotation of the nut relative to the housing around the front-rear direction, and an unlocked state, wherein it allows a rotation of the nut relative to the housing around the front-rear direction. In one embodiment, the locking systems are the same locking system. According to one embodiment, the face-face bonding functional means also comprises a rod extending in an axial front-to-back direction through the through openings and adapted to cooperate with the clamping system in the closed configuration thereof to maintain the rod rigidly on the housing. In one embodiment, the functional means is a functional support means.

In one embodiment, the functional means is a lateral link functional means. According to one embodiment, the lateral connection functional means comprises a base, and a functional member mounted movable relative to the base according to at least two distinct degrees of freedom.

According to one embodiment, the two degrees of freedom are a translation in a lateral direction of the formwork box, and a rotation around a front-rear direction of the formwork box. In one embodiment, the functional means is a functional accessory holding means.

According to one embodiment, the formwork board further comprises an electric jumper adapted to electrically connect the shuttering formwork to an adjacent formwork formwork. According to one embodiment, the formwork board further comprises a display having at least one information relating to a functional means and / or to the box. According to one embodiment, the functional means are first functional means, the formwork board also comprising second functional means, the formwork blank comprising means for controlling the first and second functional means.

According to one embodiment, the control means comprise individual control means of the functional means. According to one embodiment, the control means comprise grouped control means, parallel or differential, functional means.

According to one embodiment, the shuttering form comprises additional electrical equipment. In one embodiment, the additional electrical equipment is a sensor.

In one embodiment, at least one of the functional means is at least partially controlled from the sensor. In one embodiment, the direction of movement of the functional member is transverse to the plane of the formwork surface.

In one embodiment, the direction of movement of the functional member is parallel to the plane of the formwork surface. According to one embodiment, the direction of actuation by the motor means is transverse to the direction of movement of the functional member. According to one embodiment, the direction of actuation by the motor means is parallel to the direction of movement of the functional member.

According to one embodiment, the driving means can extend from a retracted position to an extended position, in which the functional member has a retracted position and an extended position, wherein the retracted position of the functional member corresponds to the position retracted motor means and the extended position of the motor means corresponds to the extended position of the functional member.

According to one embodiment, the driving means can extend from a retracted position to an extended position, in which the functional member has a retracted position and an extended position, wherein the retracted position of the functional member corresponds to the position the extent of the motor means and the retracted position of the motor means corresponds to the extended position of the functional member.

In one embodiment, at least one of the functional means is carried substantially by the rigid holding portion. In one embodiment, the formwork panel further comprises a formwork wall temperature control system. In one embodiment, the temperature control system includes means for circulating an adjustable temperature fluid in the interior space. According to one embodiment, the shuttering form comprises an opening, and a shutter system that can alternatively take a shutter state in which the opening is closed, and an open state, in which the opening is accessible. According to an alternative aspect, an invention relates to a formwork shuttering comprising: a rigid reinforcement, a formwork wall, assembled to the rigid reinforcement, and comprising a formwork front face, the formwork front face being substantially flat and intended for delimiting a concrete pouring zone, the formwork wall comprising at least a first through opening, - a frontal approach system of an opposite formwork panel in an axial front-to-back direction, the front approach system comprising: - a base secured to the rigid frame, - a casing movably mounted on the base in the axial front-to-rear direction between an extreme forward position where it is supported on the base in the rear-front direction and a rear position, the casing comprising a second through opening aligned with the first through opening of the formwork wall in the axial front-to-back direction; ge worn by the housing, and adapted to alternatively take an open configuration in which a rod can be translated relative to the housing in the front-rear direction, and a closed configuration, in which it is adapted to maintain a rod rigidly on the housing . According to one embodiment, this invention relates to a formwork system comprising a first such shuttering formwork, and a second shuttering formwork, the second shuttering formwork comprising: - a rigid frame, - a formwork wall, assembled to the frame rigid, and comprising a formwork front face, the formwork front face being substantially flat and intended to delimit a concrete pouring zone, the formwork front face of the second formwork shutter being oriented vis-à-vis the formwork front face the first formwork shutter, - a clamping system carried by the rigid frame of the second formwork shutter, and adapted to maintain a rod rigidly on the rigid frame of the second shuttering formwork.

According to one embodiment, the second shuttering formwork is also such a form. According to another aspect, this invention relates to a method of manufacturing a formwork for the building, in which - it provides a formwork shuttering comprising a rigid frame, a formwork wall, assembled to the rigid frame, and comprising a front face formwork, the formwork front face being substantially flat and intended to define a concrete casting area, the formwork wall comprising at least a first through opening, the formwork board being provided with a front approach system of a form opposite formwork in an axial front-to-back direction, the front approach system comprising: a base integral with the rigid frame; a casing movably mounted on the base in the axial front-to-rear direction between an extreme front position where it is supported on the base in the rear-front direction and a rear position, the housing comprising a second through opening aligned with the first through opening of the formwork wall in the axial front-to-back direction, - a clamping system carried by the housing, and adapted to alternatively take an open configuration in which a rod can be translated relative to the housing in the front-to-back direction , and a closed configuration, in which it is able to hold a rod rigidly on the housing, - the clamping system is opened, and the rod is translated in the front-rear direction relative to the housing, - the rod is clamped on the opposite formwork shutter, - the clamping system is closed to rigidly hold the rod on the housing. According to one embodiment, subsequently, a tension is applied on the rod by moving the housing in the front-rear direction in the closed configuration of the clamping system.

According to one embodiment, when the rod is tightened on the opposite formwork board, - the clamping system is closed, - the rod is clamped on the opposite formwork board. According to one embodiment, when closing the clamping system to rigidly hold the rod on the housing, moving the formwork and the shuttering form opposite to each other in the front-rear direction. The figures of the drawings are now briefly described. Figure 1 is a perspective diagram of the rear of a box according to one embodiment of the invention.

Figure 2 is a plan view of the front of the box of the box of Figure 1, which was removed formwork wall. Figure 3 is a plan view of the rear of the box of the box of Figure 2, which is further removed the back plate. Figure 4 is a partial detail view of Figure 3. Figure 5 is a partial detail view of Figure 4, in perspective.

Figure 6 is a partial detail view of Figure 2, from which the rear plate has also been removed. Figure 7 is a partial detail view of Figure 3, in perspective.

Figure 8 is a plan view of the back of the formwork wall. Figure 9 is a partial detail view of Figure 8, in perspective. Figure 10 is a partial detail view in the same orientation as Figure 9 of a box according to Figure 1, which is removed the back plate.

Figure 11 is a partial cross-sectional view of the assembled box along line XI-XI shown in Figure 9. Figure 12 is a partial detail view of the rear of the box.

Fig. 13 is a perspective rear view for a second embodiment. Figure 14 is a rear view of the box of Figure 13, after removal of the back plate.

Figures 15 to 18 are perspective views of a connecting mechanism vis-à-vis in different configurations. Figure 19 is a sectional view along the line XIX-XIX of Figure 16.

Figure 20 is a rear view of an accessory holding functional means. Fig. 21 is a rear view of a side link functional means. Hereinafter a detailed discussion of several embodiments of the invention with examples and reference to the drawings. In what follows, by "fixation", alternately refers to a permanent or removable attachment. A removable attachment is achievable for example by screwing, if it is possible to undo the attachment by means accessible to the operator, for example by unscrewing. A screw fastener may also be a permanent attachment, if it is not possible, or simply not provided, to disassemble this attachment during the installation, use or maintenance of the form. A permanent attachment can alternatively be made by welding. By "installation", it refers to the establishment of a formwork involving one or more panels, if necessary interconnected. By "use" refers to a step, subsequent to installation, where the concrete is poured into a formwork defined by at least two panels face to face and then dries and hardens inside this formwork. By "maintenance" refers to a control step and / or replacement of one or more components of a form, usually occurring after installation, or after use.

Referring more specifically to Figure 1 which shows a formwork for the building, comprising a formwork element, also called banche, typically for making the walls of a building by pouring concrete, or concrete banché. Such a formwork element 1 is intended to be placed face-to-face and face-to-face of another formwork element 1 ', shown schematically in FIG. 1, with the interposition of a void space between the elements formwork 1 and 1 '. Concrete is intended to be poured into the empty space to form a building wall. Such a formwork element 1a may be arranged side by side with another formwork element 1b (shown schematically in FIG. 2), so as to have an assembly of two such formwork elements 1a + 1b.

Except where the direction obviously does not impose it, the index a and the index b according to a numerical reference respectively refer to the same parts of the two side-by-side formwork elements to be brought together and arranged to be flush. The non-subscript numeral a or b designates the part in question generally.

Such a shuttering element 1, is of the type comprising a box 2 supporting means of access and circulation 3. The box 2 comprises a rear wall 4 and a main wall 5, opposite the rear wall 4, and here outline rectangular general. The main wall defines a formwork face 6, electrically conductive (for example metallic). The rear wall 4 has a rear face 7, opposite the formwork face 6.

"Front" designates a position close to the concrete pouring space, and "back" a position remote from the concrete pouring space. Thus, a horizontal forward-back direction Y is defined. This definition is therefore valid for a given section, since for the face-to-face section, the front-to-back direction is opposite. The plane normal to the front-to-back direction is the X-Z plane, the Z direction denoting the vertical, and the X direction the horizontal lateral direction. Although it is not shown in the figures, it is also possible to assemble formwork panels 1 superimposed along the Z direction, in particular to make higher walls. Here, the formwork element 1 and the main wall 5 are arranged vertically. Such a formwork element 1 may have a large height corresponding to that of a wall to be made, for example of the order of at least 2.80 m. The shuttering element 1 also comprises various equipment associated with the main wall 5, including, without the list being exhaustive and limiting, a workstation, one or more protections, a gripping device 141, a holding and adjustment device , a stabilizing device, .... The box 2 of a shuttering element 1 has at its periphery banks 8, in particular a bank 8a on the or each of the edges 9a to be arranged side by side with an edge 9b of a bank 8b of another shuttering element 1b arranged side by side. Here, the edges 9 are for example the vertical edges of the formwork elements 1a and 1b. The box 2 also has a lower horizontal edge 8a on the lower edge 9a of the shuttering element 1a, and an upper horizontal edge 8a on the upper edge 9a of the shuttering element 1a. The banks 8a extend between the main walls 5 and rear 4, and are physically connected to each of them. The main wall 5, the rear wall 4, and the banks 8 together define a box 2 defining an interior space 143. The box 2 is substantially closed, with functional openings, as explained below. The main wall, the rear wall and the peripheral edge walls together are hereinafter referred to as the peripheral wall of the caisson 2.

The achievements that have just been described are only exemplary and in no way limiting. As can be seen in FIG. 1, according to one example, the shuttering element 1 comprises access and circulation means 3. The access and circulation means 3 are essentially substantially provided at the rear of the caisson 2 The access and circulation means 3 comprise a platform 11 situated at the level of the upper horizontal bank 8 of the caisson 2. The platform 11 comprises a floor 12 capable of supporting an operator. The platform 11 may also carry a railing 13 for example in the form of a vertical barrier extending from the floor 12 of the platform 11 vertically upwards, and arranged to protect an occupant of the platform -form 11 against any fall of the platform 11. The railing 13 substantially surrounds the ground 12. The means of access and circulation 3 also include a staircase 14 allowing an occupant to access the platform 11 from a lower level, in particular from the level where the lower horizontal edge 8 is located. The staircase 14 is inclined relative to the horizontal by an angle of between approximately 45 ° and 70 °, and extends substantially in parallel. at a diagonal of the rear face 7 of the casing 2. The access and circulation means 3 also comprise a structure 15 which supports the platform 11.

For example, the structure 15 comprises two parallel vertical poles 16 interconnected by crosspieces 17. The vertical poles 16 and the crosspieces 17 extend, in the presented configuration, in a plane parallel to the general plane of the caisson 2. staircase 14 comprises a railing 18. In the example shown, the structure 15 extends between the staircase 14 and the caisson 2. The structure 15 can then form a part of the guard rail 18 for the staircase 14. A barrier 19 may form a railing on the side of the staircase opposite the structure 15. In a variant, the access and circulation means 3 may comprise, instead of a staircase 14, a ladder (not shown) substantially vertical or at least not inclined in the direction of the width of the box 2.

Such a ladder is intended to be disposed between the structure 15 and the caisson 2. In such a case, the access and circulation means 3 also comprise an access hatch communicating with the ladder, and provided in the ground. of the platform 11. In the remainder of the description, and in particular in FIGS. 2 to 21, the access and circulation means 3 are not shown, for the sake of clarity. The casing 2 is, in the examples presented, made in two parts rigidly associated: a formwork part 20 comprising the main wall 5, also called the formwork front wall, and a rigid holding part 21.

The rigid holding portion 21 is illustrated in Figure 2, seen from the front. The rigid holding portion 21 has a rear wall 22. The rear wall 22 has substantially the shape of a substantially flat plate 160 (if necessary made of several pieces assembled, so it can be called back plate assembly) parallel to the general plan of the box 2. The rear wall 22 has a front face 23, visible in Figure 2, and an opposite rear face substantially constituting the rear face 7 of the box. The rear face of the rear wall 22 forms the rear end 159 of the rigid holding portion 21. The general shape of the rear wall has only a small effect on the invention. It can be substantially flat because it is easy to achieve, it allows to fix elongated elements elongated on its front face, and it generates a minimum footprint at the rear of the box. However, localized patterns or a non-planar general shape may be considered. The rear wall 22 of the rigid holding portion thus forms the rear wall 4 of the box 2. The rigid holding portion 21 also includes the banks 8. The banks 8 are here in the form of thin rigid metal plates rigidly assembled together. to the others and to the rear wall 22. The banks 8 extend orthogonally to the rear wall 22, in the direction of the front wall formwork 5. The banks 8 are generally intended to be matched with banks adjacent banks, next to, above or below. Therefore, the banks 8 have a shape allowing this matching. The outer face of a bank will be generally complementary to the outer face of the opposite bank. Flat outer faces lend themselves to such a configuration.

The rigid holding portion 21 comprises a rigid frame 158. The rigid frame comprises a structure adapted to collect the forces applied to the formwork element 1 during the pouring of the concrete, ensuring the flatness of the formwork face. In the present case, the rigid reinforcement comprises a series of stiffening elements 24 carried by the rear wall 22. The stiffening elements 24 are for example a plurality of beams. The beams extend for example parallel to each other. In the example shown, the beams extend vertically from top to bottom, that is to say from the level of the upper horizontal edge 8 at the level of the lower horizontal edge 8.

The beams also extend in the front-to-back direction from the rear wall 22 to a free edge in the back-to-front direction. The free edges of the different stiffening elements are substantially coplanar with each other. The box 2 has many beams, in the example shown, but this is of course illustrative.

The rigid holding part 21 also comprises brackets 25. A bracket 25 is for example shown in relation to FIG. 7 for the upper left corner of the rigid holding portion 21, but identical or similar brackets may be provided in the three other corners. The bracket 25 is in the form of a thin metal plate comprising a first wafer 26 fixed to the lateral bank 8 and a second wafer 27 fixed to the upper horizontal rim 8. The bracket 25 comprises an oblong slot 28 according to a first direction. As can be seen for example in Figure 2, two brackets 25 each have an oblong slot in a first direction (in this case, the two upper brackets), and two other brackets 25 each have an oblong slot in a second direction , transverse to the first direction (in this case, the two lower squares). For example, the first and second directions are, respectively, the horizontal and vertical directions of the same plane. The slots 28 form a first part of a system for guiding and adjusting the rigid holding part and the formwork part. In the example shown, they are provided in the brackets 25, that is to say as far apart as possible, which allows to best guide the formwork part. But, alternatively, they could be placed at any suitable place. The rigid frame also comprises an upper cross member 30 and a lower cross member 31. In the example shown, the upper and lower cross members 31 are similar to each other, therefore, only the upper cross member 30 will be described, the characteristics of the lower cross member 31 being deduced from those of the upper cross member 30. The upper cross member 30 is visible in particular in Figure 6. It extends over almost the entire width of the rigid holding portion 21, and has a slice 32 fixed to the upper horizontal edge 8. It is also attached to a plurality of stiffening elements 24, in particular at least two beams. The upper cross member 30 comprises a plurality of through openings 33. The through openings 33 are each disposed between two adjacent beams. The through openings 33 form a first part of a system for fixing the rigid holding part and the shuttering part. In the example presented, they are provided in the cross members 30, 31. They are distributed over the periphery of the rigid holding portion, which improves the fixing of the rigid holding portion and the formwork portion. In addition or alternatively, one could provide others in other locations. The formwork element 1 comprises a number of functional means.

For example, the formwork element 1 comprises functional support means, functional positioning means, functional linkage means, functional accessory holding means, in addition to the functional means of access and circulation of which a example has already been described.

The formwork element 1 has, for example, functional support means 34. The functional support means 34 comprise a foot 35 through which the formwork element 1 rests on an underlying surface. In the present case, the functional support means 34 comprise two feet 35 symmetrical to each other with respect to a transverse vertical median plane of the caisson 2. Only one foot 35 will be described hereinafter, the same description being possible. apply to the other foot.

4 and 5. As can be seen, the foot 35 is substantially received in a stiffening element 24. The foot 35 is provided at the lower end of the piston 41 of a cylinder 161. The cylinder 161 is a motor for the foot. That is to say that a stiffening element 24 comprises two crosspieces interconnected to form a beam, made for example from a shaped metal part, and having a substantially U-shaped cross section transverse to the longitudinal direction of the beam (in this case, the vertical direction). Locally, the beam can depart from its generally U-section sectional shape, for reasons of weight or functional, if this does not negatively impact the structural strength of the box. For example, it is possible to provide localized openings in the beam, to pass wires or conduits, or to authorize access to equipment for an operator. Alternatively, the beam can be made by several pieces assembled together. Thus, the beam has a base 36 from which extend two wings 37, 38 symmetrical side (for example parallel to each other). Thus, the base 36 extends in a plane substantially parallel to the formwork face, while the wings 37 and 38 extend vertically and transversely to this plane. The two wings 37 and 38 each have a free end, attached to the rear wall 4. Such a beam, when assembled to the rear wall 4, has a significant compressive strength for compression applied to the front face of the base 36. A housing 39 is further defined between the two wings 37, 38, the base 36 and the rear wall 4.

The foot 35 is received in the housing 39. More specifically, the foot 35 is integral with the end of the piston 41 sliding in the base 40 of the cylinder 161. The piston 41 is movable relative to the base 40 according to a degree of freedom . In this case, the movable member 41 is movable in a single degree of freedom with respect to the base 40. This degree of freedom is a translation in a vertical direction. The base 40 is carried by a stiffening element 24 at least and therefore by the rigid holding portion 21. The base 40 comprises a hydraulic cylinder body assembled between an upper spacer 42 and a lower spacer 43. This body forms a mounting portion 157 of the base 40. The upper spacer 42 is bolted to two adjacent stiffening members 24 by bolts 44 assembled to each wing 37, 38 of the stiffening member. The movable member 41 comprises a piston slidably mounted in the hydraulic cylinder body, and whose lower end is intended to be integral with a bearing surface on a lower surface.

There are many ways to mount a motor means on one or more stiffening elements. In general, a mounting portion of the motor means is fixed on one or more stiffening elements by any appropriate means, such as by the use of a support for receiving the bolted means to the stiffening element, for example. this is visible in particular in FIG. 5, the horizontal lower edge 8 has a functional opening 45 sized for the passage of the lower end of the movable member 41. That is to say that the functional opening 45 is sufficiently wide to allow a lower portion of the movable member 41 to pass therethrough without interfering with it, but is sufficiently restricted not to be substantially larger than the opening necessary for the above function. The movable member 41 can therefore be moved relative to the base 40 according to the degree of freedom through the opening 45 from a retracted position to an extended position in which the movable member 41 projects substantially out of the box 2. The means functional support 34 is said retractable in all or part inside the box 2. In this case, it is observed that the lower end of the movable member 41 is of greater section than the opening 45. In the position retracted, the lower end of the movable member 41 extends outside the casing 2, and closes the opening 45. In the present example, the functional support means 34 is said to be retractable only partially inside. of the box. Alternatively, however, the opening 45 could be of greater section than the lower end of the movable member 41, allowing a total retraction of the functional support means 34 inside the box 2. Thus, a portion 153 foot 35 extends outside the box 2, while another portion 154 extends into the interior space of the box 2, at least in the extended position, and also in the retracted position in the present example. The functional means is able to be locked in at least one of these positions. Locked means that, in its locked state, the functional means is able to perform its function during the installation and / or the use of the formwork 1. For example, for the functional support means, it is adapted to support the box in a given vertical position. This function is optionally distributed on the other feet 45 or even, in this case, on the structure 15. Where appropriate, a plurality of lockable positions are defined along the degree of freedom. This makes it possible to adapt to the possible non-flatness of the underlying support, especially the site floor, while ensuring a horizontality of the horizontal reference surface of the box (lower horizontal rim, for example) according to the width of that -this. In the example shown, the foot 25 is a hydraulic foot. For purely illustrative purposes, there is provided an upper hydraulic line 46 and a lower hydraulic line 47 opening respectively on either side of the piston head inside the body of the cylinder. Both lines 46 and 47 are both connected to a hydraulic means 48. The hydraulic means 48 is also received inside the housing 39, close to the foot 25, and is fixed rigidly to the beam 24, in particular to the two parallel wings 37, 38. The hydraulic means 48 is for example a pump operable to controlling the flow of hydraulic fluid in a given direction in the line 46 or in the line 47. The hydraulic means 48 is itself connected to a hydraulic supply means 152 opening out of the box 2. Thus, the hydraulic means 48 comprises two hydraulic lines 49, 50 extending to a hydraulic connector 51 of the box 2. There is also provided a control means 52 of the hydraulic means 48. In this case, the control means 52 may be an electronic box comprising one or more control buttons 53 of the hydraulic means 48. Each control button 53 is operable by an operator to actuate the hydraulic means 48 and, thereby, control the movement of the movable member 41 relative to the base 40 according to the degree of freedom in one direction or another. If necessary, the control buttons 53 will carry explicit labels, such as a directional arrow for example. For example, the control means 52 can be carried by the hydraulic means 48, as in the example shown.

As shown in Figure 12, the rear wall 22 has a substantially flat rear face. Functional openings 45 are provided in the rear wall 22. An example of a functional opening 45 for the foot 35 has already been described above. In the present case, for example, a functional opening 45 for the control means 52 is provided. That is, the control means 52 is accessible to an operator through the rear wall 22 via the functional opening 45. The control means 52 is assembled to close off the functional opening 45 of the inside. This also applies to other functional openings 45, unless the context shows that this is not the case. There is also provided in the rear wall 22 a functional opening 45 intended to receive an electrical connector 54. That is to say an electrical connector 54, electrically connected to an electrical device inside the box 2 (for example the motor means 48) is accessible to an operator for the connection of an external electrical device, for example an external power supply, through the rear wall 22 via the functional opening 45.

Thus, the supply means 152 of the motor means comprise at least one electrical, hydraulic or pneumatic connector opening outside the box, and adapted to be connected to an electrical, hydraulic or external pneumatic supply line, respectively, and at least one electrical line, hydraulic or pneumatic, respectively, internal, extending from the connector to the motor means.

The invention has been described above with reference to a functional support means. The feet being also used to position the formwork box 1, in particular vertically, the invention has thus also been described for an example of a functional positioning means 145.

Alternatively, the invention finds an application in an embodiment having a link functional means. In particular, it is a functional means for connecting two shuttering boxes 1 and 1 'face to face (or vis-à-vis). Each shuttering panel 1 may have one or more (in this case, four) functional means of face-to-face connection 79. These are here distributed at the corners of a rectangle in a plane parallel to the formwork face. One of the functional means of face-to-face connection 79 will be described hereinafter with reference to FIG. 15, knowing that the other functional means of face-to-face connection can be identical.

The functional means of face-to-face connection 79 comprises a base 80 secured to the casing 2, and a casing 81 movable relative to the base in a front-to-back translation direction Y. There are many ways to mount a functional means on one or more stiffening elements. In general, a mounting portion of the functional means is fixed on one or more stiffening elements by any suitable means, such as by the use of a support for receiving the bolted means to the stiffening element, for example. The casing 81 can project from the rear face of the casing 2 through a functional opening 45. As can be seen in FIG. 19, the base 80 can form a slideway guiding the displacement of the casing 81 in the direction of front-to-back translation Y. The slide has in cross section relative to the Y direction a shape complementary to that of the housing. The base 80 also has a front stop 82 defining an extreme forward position for the housing 81 relative to the base 80. Rear retaining means may also be provided to prevent the housing from fully exiting the housing 2 through the functional opening. 45.

The housing 81 has a through opening 83 aligned with a through opening 84 formed in the main wall 5. The housing further carries a clamping system 85 adapted to clamp a rod 86 on the housing 81. The rod 86 is intended for extend from the formwork slab 1 considered up to the shuttering formwork vis-à-vis. The clamping system 85 is an articulated system comprising two half-parts 87a, 87b linked together to each other by a pivot connection. The clamping system 85 can alternatively take an open configuration, in which the rod 86 can be translated (translation movement without screwing) relative to the housing 81 in the front-to-back direction, and a closed configuration, in which it is suitable. to maintain the rod 86 rigidly on the housing 81. In the example shown, the clamping system 85 comprises a disc 89 centered on the front-rear direction and carrying a nut 90. The disc 89 is held integral in translation of the housing 81 , but is rotatably mounted relative to the housing 81 around the front-rear direction. The nut 90 comprises a first and a second half-nut 90a, 90b, respectively forming part of a half-portion 87a, 87b of the clamping system. Thus, the two half-nuts 90a, 90b are mounted movable relative to each other between an open configuration (Figure 15) and a closed configuration (Figure 16). In the closed configuration of the two half-nuts, these together have a continuous internal thread 91 complementary to a thread carried by the rod 86. As can be seen in FIG. 16, the clamping system 85 also comprises a locking system 92 The locking system 92 is adapted to alternatively assume a locked state, in which it prevents the clamping system 85 from being placed from its closed configuration into its open configuration and into an unlocked state in which it authorizes the system. clamp 85 to be placed from its closed configuration to its open configuration. In Figure 16, there is shown the clamping system 85 in its closed configuration and the locking system 92 in its locked state. As visible, the locking system 92 comprises a locking element 93 movable relative to the housing 81 according to a degree of freedom, for example in a translation transverse to the front-rear direction (in this case, illustrative, in the vertical direction ). This displacement is for example guided by means of a continuous slot 94 of the locking element in the transverse direction cooperating with a stud 95 of the housing. The locking element 93 has an abutment surface 96 opposite an abutment surface 97 complementary to the half-nut 87b. Thus, when attempting to move the half-nut 87b from the closed configuration toward the open configuration in the locked state of the locking system 92, the abutment surfaces 96 and 97 abut against each other to prevent this displacement. In the unlocked state of the locking system, as shown in Fig. 15, the abutment surfaces 96 of the locking member 93 have been shifted away from those 97 of the half-nut 87b, thereby allowing this displacement. In addition, as can be seen in FIG. 15, in the unlocked state, the locking system prevents the clamping system from being placed, from its open configuration, to its closed configuration. For this purpose, the half-nut 87b is provided with abutment surfaces 98, and the locking element 93 includes abutment surfaces 99 complementary to the abutment surfaces 98. Thus, when attempting to displace the half nut 87b, from the open configuration towards the closed configuration, in the unlocked state of the locking system 92, the abutment surfaces 98 and 99 abut against each other to prevent this movement.

This function can be implemented, for example by allowing an erase position for the locking member 93, the unlocked position being intermediate between the locked position and the erasing position along the transverse direction of movement of the locking member. locking element with respect to the housing 81.

The locking system 92 is also adapted to, in the locked state, prevent a rotation of the nut 90 relative to the housing 81 around the front-rear direction and, in the unlocked state, allow rotation of the nut 90 relative to the housing 81 around the front-rear direction. For this purpose, the half-nut 87b is provided with abutment surfaces 100, 101, and the locking element 93 comprises abutment surfaces 102, 103 complementary to abutment surfaces 100, 101, respectively. attempting to rotate the half-nut 87b, in its closed configuration, about the front-rear axis, in the locked state of the locking system 92, in a first direction of rotation, the abutment surfaces 100 and 102 abut against each other to prevent this displacement. When attempting to turn the half-nut 87b, in its closed configuration, around the front-rear axis, in the locked state of the locking system 92, in a second direction of rotation opposite to the first direction of rotation, the abutment surfaces 101 and 103 abut against each other to prevent this movement. The face-to-face link functional means 79 just described operates as follows. Initially, the locking system is in its locked state, and the clamping system in its closed configuration. The locking system is placed in its unlocked state, and the clamping system in its open configuration, as described in FIG. 15. The locking system then prevents the locking system from returning to its closed state. A rod 86 is inserted through the clamping system, in particular through the through-openings 83 and 84 until the rod 86 reaches the formwork surface of the formwork facing it. Such insertion is possible by simple translation in the front-to-back direction through the through openings. The rod 86 is then screwed into the clamping system of the opposite section (if the opposite section is a panel identical to that currently described, it will have been delivered with its clamping system in a closed configuration, allowing the rod 86 to be screwed thereto. ).

Once the rod 86 is in position, the locking member 93 is moved into its retracted position, as shown in FIG. 17, and the clamping system is placed in its closed configuration. In this retracted position of the locking member 93, it allows a rotation of the nut 90 relative to the housing 81 around the front-rear direction. In this configuration, the nut then has a continuous internal thread.

It is therefore possible to screw the nut 90 onto the fixed rod 86 (held in the box facing each other), causing the housing to move, until the housing 81 comes to a stop on the front stop 82. shown in Figure 18, we can then place the locking system 92 in its locked state. Then, the rod 86 is tensioned. To proceed with this tensioning, the housing 81 is moved backwards relative to the base 80 in the front-to-back direction. For example, it is possible to use a motor means 104 (FIG. 2), carried by the rigid holding part 21, to move the member of the functional means, namely the casing 81, relative to the base 80, in the direction before behind. The motor means 104 is carried by a beam 24 via a support 142 carrying the motor means 104 and fixed to the beam 24. Where appropriate, a control means 105, carried by an adjacent beam 24, is used. the beam 24 carrying the motor means, and adapted to control the implementation of the motor means 104. The control means 105 is fixed to the beam 24 in any appropriate manner, including for example those described above for fixing other components functional to beams. Its interface may be accessible to the operator via a functional opening in the rear wall 22 as previously described.

For example, an angular translation system is used so that actuation of the motor means causes the casing 81 to move in the front-to-back direction. For example, we use a corner system. Alternatively, as shown, use is made of a bevel gear comprising a worm gear 106 rotatably mounted relative to the housing 81 about the front-rear axis, the motor means 104 comprising a fixed base 156 driving a screw 114 oriented in the lateral direction in rotation about this lateral direction, the screw 114 engraining with the worm 106. A control of the motor means 104 then moves the housing 81 in the front-rear direction in the desired direction.

In particular, after pouring of the concrete, strong stresses on the nut 90 can interfere with the withdrawal of the rod 86. The motorization of the housing 81 makes it possible to relax the stresses to which the rod / nut is connected due to the pouring of concrete, which then allows the clamping system to be placed in its open configuration.

Although the invention has been described, in this embodiment, for a particular example of a housing allowing rapid insertion of the rod, it will be possible alternatively to use other functional mechanisms of face-to-face connection in the context of the invention. The features of this example include: the direction of actuation by the motor means is transverse to the direction of the beams 24, the direction of movement of the functional member is transverse to the plane of the formwork surface, the direction of actuation by the motor means is transverse to the direction of movement of the functional member. As can be seen in FIG. 20, according to another embodiment, the functional means is a functional accessory holding means 148. In particular, as a functional member, an arm 107 is provided which can move relative to a sheath. 108 secured to the box 2 in a lateral direction. As such, the implementation of the invention in this embodiment is similar to that initially described for the feet (that is to say that the direction of movement of the functional member is parallel to the plane of the form side), except that the actuation takes place in a direction transverse to that of the beams 24. It can not then accommodate the control means 109, the motor means 110 and the sleeve 108 in the same beam 24 , but these will be attached to beams 24 adjacent to each other. Where appropriate, localized openings will be made in the beams 24, without significantly affecting their stiffness, to allow the transmission of the controls (lines 111, 112 between the control means 109 and the motor means 110) or the forces (cylinder 113 sliding in the cylinder 155 between the motor means 110 and the arm 107) in the lateral direction (This description is also valid for the embodiment of the face-to-face connection functional means described above). The arm 107 may be used to attach an accessory such as a butt tool. The end tool comprises a formwork face intended to be arranged in continuity with the formwork side of the formwork board, but has a width much smaller than a formwork. Such end tools allow to cast a wall length does not correspond to an integer number multiple times the width of a form.

According to another embodiment, shown in FIG. 21, the functional means is a lateral connection functional means 146 with an adjacent formwork box. There is described here a system for placing two adjacent formwork strips 1a, 1b in an outcrop situation. The lateral connection system comprises a first mechanism, said male, carried by a first formwork slab 1a, and a second mechanism, said female, carried by the second adjacent formwork slab. The embodiment describes the motorization of the male mechanism but, alternatively, the motorization of the female mechanism could be provided. The motor means 128 comprises a cylinder oriented in the lateral direction. The cylinder comprises a body 129 and a piston (hidden in Figure 21) movable relative to the body 129 in the lateral direction. The piston, shown retracted in FIG. 21, can extend in an outward-inner lateral direction, that is to say away from the bank 8. The motor means 128 is carried by the bank 8 by the intermediate of a support 130 and the flange 37 of a beam 24, in an opening provided for this purpose thereof. The jack is integral with a functional link member 131. The functional member 131 is guided in translation in the lateral direction by slots formed in the flanges 37 and 38 of the beam 24. The functional member 131 is a hook of capture 133 mounted movable relative to a base body 132. More exactly, the capture hook may be subjected, relative to the base body 132, to two movements independently of one another. A first movement is a translation in the lateral direction between an extended position (shown) and a retracted position. A second movement is a relative rotation around the front-to-back direction. According to an exemplary embodiment, the base body 132 has a central slot 134, elongate in the lateral direction. The hook 133 has an internal actuating portion 135 and an outer capturing portion 136 secured to one another. The capture portion 136 has a slit 137 elongate in the lateral direction. An axis 138 of the base body 132 extends in the forward-to-back direction in the elongated slot 137. In certain relative positions of the base body 132 and the capture hook 133, the capture hook 133 may pivot about the axis 138, i.e. about the front-rear axis. The internal actuating portion 135 is facing an actuating surface 139 of the base body 132 so that an inward movement of the base body 132 in the lateral direction causes the catch hook 133. The control means 165 is visible in FIG.

To bring together two adjacent formwork panels, the capture hook 133 is placed in the extended position, as shown in FIG. 21. The position of the capture hook can be adjusted manually, in translation in the lateral direction, and / or in rotation about the front-rear axis, into an assembly position where the capture hook is in a suitable position to be put in relation with the female mechanism 140. The actuating means 128 is then actuated, which generates an extension of the piston, and thereby a translation of the base body inwardly in the lateral direction. After catching any play between the actuating surface 139 and the internal actuating portion 135, the actuating surface 139 carries with it the hook 133 and the adjacent body. The actuating surface 139 has a shape tending to make the hook 133 take a horizontal position. For example, in the example shown, the actuating surface has an arcuate shape centered on a center located on a horizontal line passing the center of pivot axis 135. Thus, the hook 133 tends to take a horizontal position. This system makes it possible to align the side panels laterally by catching an initial height offset between the male mechanism and the female mechanism of the adjacent body. For this, we take advantage of the ease of rotation initially offered to the hook 133 to make up the difference in height, then actuates the functional means to move the adjacent side and laterally in height.

Although the implementation of the invention is described in a particular embodiment of lateral link functional means, any other type of lateral or vertical link functional means could alternatively be used.

For the vertical connection of two superimposed banks, one can use vertical link functional means 147. Any suitable mechanism can be used as such. For example, in one embodiment, it is possible to use the feet 35, as well as a female member 148 cooperating with the foot of a superimposed body. The female member 148 is for example supported by the rigid holding portion at the top of the box, close to the upper edge wall 8, and is able to extend through a functional opening 45 formed in the upper edge 8. The female member 148 is adapted to be secured to the foot 35, so that a displacement of the foot 34 from its extended position to its retracted position generates a movement of approximation of the two superimposed banks in the vertical direction. The particularity of the example that has just been described is the direction of deployment of the motor means opposite to the direction of deployment of the functional member. Thus, the extended position of the motor means corresponds to the retracted position of the functional means, and vice versa. In the embodiment described above for the feet, the extended position of the motor means corresponds to the extended position of the functional means, and the retracted position of the motor means corresponds to the retracted position of the functional means.

Various examples of functional means that can be implemented within the scope of the invention have been described above, while there may be others, such as, for example, functional means of access and circulation. Thus, it is possible to implement the invention to deploy a functional means of access and circulation such as a platform, a ladder, a staircase, a railing, .... By way of example FIG. 2 shows a drive means 149 that can be controlled to control the functional displacement, such as a cylinder 151. The cylinder 151 comprises a cylinder 163 and a piston 150 sliding relative to the cylinder 163. The end of the piston is integral with a functional member, for moving a portion of a railing 13 between a retracted position and an extended position. This movement is made through a functional opening of the upper edge wall 8. The end of the piston is integral or articulated on the railing 13. The associated control means is designated by the reference 164.

For all of the functional means described above, a part of the functional member extends outside the box 2, while another part extends into the interior space of the box 2, at least in the extended position. For some of them, this provision also applies in the retracted position.

Above, mainly hydraulic motor means have been described. These hydraulic motor means can be connected to a hydraulic system external to the box, which requires hydraulic supply means 152 of the engine. This further requires electrical power supply means 152 of the engine. Alternatively, one could use pneumatic drive means, in which case these pneumatic drive means can be connected to a pneumatic system external to the box, which requires pneumatic supply means of the engine. This further requires power supply means of the engine. In a variant, the hydraulic or pneumatic drive means are not connected to hydraulic / pneumatic supply sources external to the box, and only require means for supplying the motor with power.

In another variant, the motor means are electric motor means that require only power supply means. The box 2 may also include a storage cupboard 69. The storage cupboard 69 comprises a set of walls defining a closed storage volume. The closed volume is accessible from the outside via a door 70 formed in the rear wall 4 of the box 2. The door 70 comprises a frame 71 made as all or part of the rear wall 4, and a wing 72 mobile relative to the frame between an open position where it gives access to the closed storage volume, and an open position where it gives access to the closed storage volume. The movement of the leaf can be ensured by any appropriate means, such as two hinges 73. The door can also include locking means for holding it in the closed position, such as an elastic return means and a stop, for example, or a latch 74 operable by an operator. Some walls of the set of walls defining the interior volume may be stiffening elements 24, and the other walls of the set of walls, including upper, lower, or bottom walls, may be reported on stiffening elements.

For the manufacture of the formwork 1, the functional means, the motor means and / or the control means are assembled to the stiffening elements 24 or to the ribs 8, and then the stiffening elements 24 are assembled to the ribs 8 and / or to the rear wall 22. the functional members and the control means being optionally accessible through the functional openings 45. The rigid holding part (or rigid holding sub-unit) is thus produced. Referring to Figures 8 and 9, hereinafter describes the main wall 5. The main wall 5 comprises a front plate 55 having the formwork face 6, and a rear face 56 opposite the formwork face 6. The main wall 5 comprises also a stiffening system 168. In the example shown, the stiffening system 168 comprises a frame 57 assembled to the front plate 55, and more particularly assembled to the rear face 56 of the front plate 55. In the present example, the frame 57 comprises a peripheral frame 76 and a plurality of stiffening elements 58. The stiffening elements 58 extend parallel to each other. The main wall 5, provided with its armature 57, has a sufficient rigidity to prevent any veiling or loss of flatness of the formwork face 6 during the handling of the main wall 5 before its assembly to the rigid holding portion. However, in itself, this frame is not enough to cash the efforts applied to the box during use. In particular, the stiffening elements 58 extend in a direction transverse to the direction of extension of the stiffening elements 24 of the rigid holding portion 21. The extension direction of the stiffening elements 58 and the direction of extension of the stiffening elements 24 together form a plane substantially parallel to the plane of the formwork face 6. In the example shown, it is provided that the frame 76 comprises an upper stiffening element 58 and a lower stiffening element 58, as well as two lateral transverse beams 77. The stiffening elements 58 are similar to each other, and only one will be described below, this description being transposable or adaptable to the other stiffening element. The stiffening element 58 comprises a profiled shape having a substantially U-shaped section orthogonal to its extension direction. The stiffening element thus comprises a base 59 from which extend two wings 60, 61 symmetrical to each other, or even parallel to each other. The base 59 extends substantially parallel to the rear face 56 of the plate 55. A housing 62 is thus defined between the rear face 56 of the plate 55, the base 59 and the wings 60 and 61. The housing 62 may comprise a plurality of captive nuts 66, each accessible through a dedicated opening 63 in the base, which is part of the frame 76 and can be specifically dedicated to securing the formwork portion to the rear holding portion 21. 59. The nuts have an axis called the mounting axis. The mounting axis is normal to the formwork side.

The main wall 5 also comprises guide elements 64. The guide elements 64 extend along the mounting axis, and have a tapered conical shape as they move away from the formwork side along the axis of mounting. In the example shown, the guide elements 64 are arranged in the corners of the front wall formwork. In any case, they are arranged so as to cooperate with the guide slots 28. The guide elements 64 form a second part of a system for guiding and adjusting the rigid holding portion and the portion formwork.

The stiffening members 58 of the frame 76 may also include apertures 121 through which depth-adjusting shims 122 project. The wedges 122 are pre-sized to the length adapted for the desired positioning of the formwork box 1. They are secured directly on the rear face 56 of the front plate 55. The wedges 122 come into direct contact with the front face 123 of the cross member upper 30 positioned at the right cotte for the shuttering formwork 1. Wedges 122 and crosspieces like the crossbar 30 may be distributed in places on the periphery of the formwork board 1 (in particular, the cross member 31 may also be used for this purpose. effect, as well as similar devices on the sides). The first and second timing systems 122, 123, complementary to one another, previously adjusted to define the relative position of the first and second formwork subunits in the axial front-to-back direction, interact to define a relative position. first and second formwork subunits in the axial front-to-back direction. The formwork element 1 is assembled as follows. A formwork portion 20, constituting a first subunit, and a rigid holding portion 21 constituting the second subunit, are provided separately from one another. The main wall 5 is aligned parallel to the rear wall 4. The rear wall 4 and the main wall 5 are displaced towards each other in the direction of assembly, with the guide elements 64 which fit into the slots guide 28.

Guide members 64 and guide slots 28 guide the first and second form subunits relative to each other, respectively, in at least one direction of adjustment in a plane normal to the forward axial direction. -back. In particular, the upper guide elements 64 serve to position the main wall 5 vertically, and the guide elements serve to position it laterally with respect to the rear wall 4. The relative displacement is continued in the mounting direction, until that the wedges 122 come into contact with the front faces 123. In this position, the stiffening elements 58 and the stiffening elements 24 come into contact or are close to being. The casing 2 is then assembled. This is done for example by screwing through the through openings 33 of the rigid holding portion and the through openings 63 of the formwork portion. For example, it is possible to screw from the formwork face. Alternatively, it can be screwed from the back to flush on the formwork side, or into the captive nut 66 before emerging on the formwork side. The through openings 63 form a second part of a fastening system of the rigid holding portion and the formwork portion. In the example presented, they are provided in the upper and lower stiffener elements 58. They are distributed on the periphery of the rigid holding portion, which improves the fixing of the rigid holding portion and the formwork portion. In addition or alternatively, one could provide others in other locations.

The rear wall 22, the stiffening elements 58 projecting, the stiffening elements 24 projecting from the front wall and resting on the latter, the edge walls 8 and the brackets 25 together form rigid holding means 144 of the box specific to this that he cash the efforts applied to the banche during its use. The caisson 2 can then be connected to the adjacent caissons, laterally or vertically, using the mechanisms described above, which leads to an alignment of the form surfaces of the various caissons. The functional means of holding the accessory are activated if necessary. The whole thing is then wedged in place. If it is desired to control a functional means, an operator uses the dedicated control means through the rear wall 4, for example by pressing the ad hoc button. This command generates the actuation of the associated motor means, which itself controls a displacement of the functional member according to the degree of freedom.

The panels are also connected to the shuttering formwork vis-à-vis via the rods, according to the mechanism described above. During the use of the formwork element, the forces applied by the concrete on the formwork face 6 are transmitted to the rigid holding portion 21 by means of the stiffening elements 58 in simple support on the stiffening elements 24. It will be noted that, due to the transverse orientation of the stiffening elements 58 and 24, they are in contact located on each other in certain locations distributed according to a matrix geometry. Between two successive points of support of a stiffening element 24 on two adjacent stiffening elements 58, there is a gap between the free edge of the stiffening element 24 and the rear face 56 of the shuttering wall 5. Between two points d successive support of a stiffening element 58 on two adjacent stiffening elements 24, there is a space between the free edge of the stiffening element 58 and the front face 23 of the rear wall 4. These spaces allow to pass a pipe or a feed wire in the entire interior space to the box 2. Figure 11 schematically illustrates a wire 78 running along a stiffening element 24, then passing on the other side of the stiffening element 24 via the free space between the stiffening element 24 and the rear face 56 of the shuttering wall 5 between two successive stiffening elements 58. The stiffening elements 24 are steeper than the stiffening elements 58, or at least twice as stiff. As a result, the rigid holding portion can be reused for many walls. It supports most of the functional means. On the contrary, the formwork portion is intended to be regularly changed between successive uses.

The formwork portion and the rigid holding portion are therefore rigidly associated but removable and separable, the front wall being removably associated with the rigid holding portion which can receive one of several front walls as needed. It will suffice to disassemble the formwork part of the rigid holding part by a series of reverse operations than those used to fix them together.

Alternatively, the motor means could be operated remotely by wireless means. Figure 13 shows an alternative embodiment of a formwork according to the invention. While, in the embodiment described in the preceding figures, the control means are distributed on the rear face 7 of the box 2, each close to the motor means controlled by the associated control means, FIG. box having a centralized control box 67. Like the control means previously described, the control unit 67 is carried by the rigid holding portion 21. It has a control interface 68 accessible to an operator from the outside through a functional opening 45 arranged in the rear wall 4. The control interface groups together the distributed control interfaces of the first embodiment, in order to control the different motor means. For example, a control button is provided in the direction of operation of each individual motor means. A formwork element 1 as described above (for any embodiment) may also include various electrical instruments other than motor means. One can for example consider one or more sensors capable of capturing information relating to the installation or use of the formwork, and to transmit this information to a processing unit. The sensor or sensors are fixed at any suitable place of the formwork. For example, they can be attached to one or more stiffening elements 24. They are electrically powered via a line electrically connected, directly or indirectly, to an electrical connector 51. They are connected by a line adapted to the central unit that can for example be integrated in the control box 67.

For example, a temperature sensor is provided, adapted to determine the temperature at the location where it is located. It is also possible to provide an orientation sensor of the formwork face 6. The orientation sensor is adapted to determine an orientation of the formwork face 6 with respect to one or more reference planes, or with respect to one or more directions of reference. For example, one or more such sensors may be used to determine a verticality of the formwork face 6, and a horizontality of a reference line of the formwork face 6. The orientation information is transmitted to the central unit. It is also possible to provide one or more concrete level sensors. These sensors include electrodes carried by the formwork face 6, and able to determine a change in electrical property due to the presence of concrete facing. By providing such electrodes at different heights along the formwork face, and reading the signals emitted by them, the level of the concrete can be determined. The electrodes are electrically connected to a power supply in any suitable manner, and are connected to the central unit via a functional opening in a bank 8.

The formwork 1 may also have a display 75. The display 75 may for example comprise a display screen adapted to display information visible by an operator. For example, it is provided that the display 75 is assembled to the rigid holding part 21, and that the display screen is visible to an operator through a functional opening 45 in the rear wall 4 of the box 2. The display 75 can be electrically powered as described above for other electrical appliances. It can be connected to the central unit so as to display certain information contained therein. For example, it can display, in a time varying manner, information stored at the central unit, and obtained from the sensors. For example, this information may be the detected temperature, a deviation from a reference position, or a concrete level.

FIG. 14 substantially corresponds to FIG. 13, from which the rear plate has virtually been removed, in order to show the connections inside the box 2. The box 67 is connected to one or more electrical connectors 51, one of which 'between them being capable of being connected to an external power supply for powering the box 2. The box 67 then transmits the required electrical energy to the various motor means, on command, by dedicated cables 124. By way of example, a line 124 'connecting the housing 67 to a lateral connection motor means 108 as described above in relation with FIG. 21 is shown. It will also be noted that it is possible to provide a power line. 124 "extending from the housing 67 to a remote electrical connector 51 ', for example located at the top of the box, if necessary, an electrical jumper 125 is provided for electrically connecting the electrical connector 51' to a neighboring panel. do not connect all the panels individually to the sector.It may also be noted that a line 124 "'connects the housing 67 to two motor means. Such a line can be used to control the simultaneous actuation of several motor means. This can be implemented, for example, for the functional support means. For example, it is possible, for example, to control a raising or lowering of the shuttering form 1 by a single command, rather than to actuate each motor means successively and individually, which could risk placing the formwork board at an angle. It is possible, however, to retain the possibility of controlling each motor means independently, for example to make up for a lack of flatness of the ground between different supports of the same form. One can then provide at the housing a single control managing the rotation of the formwork around the front-rear axis, the housing 67 converting this single command into the individual commands for each motor means to implement this command . To rotate the sleeve around the front-rear axis in a given direction of rotation, it will command the extension of a first foot and the retraction of the laterally opposite foot. Thus, the housing 67 may comprise a control electronics for determining the commands, if necessary identical or different, to emit to a plurality of motor means according to a simple command of the operator.

Thus, the control means may be control means grouped, either parallel or differential, functional means. Above, a box 67 incorporating user interface, electrical relay and computing functions has been described.

However, these functions could alternatively be distributed in several devices connected to each other and mounted in the box 2. Some mechanisms, panels or systems described above appear original in themselves regardless of the invention initially claimed in this application as filed, and the Applicant reserves the right to file any divisional application relating to an invention described herein regardless of the originally claimed invention. This includes, without being limiting, any invention implemented in the presented embodiments of the functional means of support and / or positioning and / or binding and / or access and circulation and / or holding accessory , regardless of their motorization. Alternatively, one could provide, for the stiffener system 168, a rigidifying structural foam in a form to replace the stiffening elements 58, and for example assembled in a manner compatible with the front plate. In another aspect, the formwork box 1 comprises a temperature control system 166. The temperature control system 166 regulates the temperature of the formwork box 1, especially over time. This regulation makes it possible to influence the solidification of the concrete. For example, it is intended to regulate the temperature of the formwork box 1 by circulating a fluid inside the box 2. A mouth 167 is provided to access the interior space 143. The mouth 167 can be connected to an external fluid injection system. The fluid injection system is set to influence the temperature of the fluid to be injected. The fluid in question is for example air. The mouth 167 is for example disposed in the rear wall 4. Thus, in use, cold or hot air is injected to influence the temperature of the formwork face 6. If one does not wish to use the system temperature control, a closure system 168 allows to close the mouth 167. The closure system 168 may include a plug inserted into the mouth 167 to close it, and removable relative thereto. If necessary, a link connects the cap to the box 2. Alternatively, the shutter system may comprise a movable flap between a closed position and an open position. We can provide a shutter system for any opening of the box.

Claims (51)

REVENDICATIONS1. Formwork shutter of the type comprising: a box (2) delimiting an interior space (143), having a front wall of formwork (5), the front face of which is a shuttering face (6), a rear wall (4) and perimeter edge walls (8), rigid holding means (144) of the box adapted to cash the forces applied to the board during its use, functional support means (34) and / or positioning (145) and / or connecting (79, 146, 147) and / or access and circulation (3) and / or accessory holding (148), comprising support members (35) and / or for positioning (35) and / or connecting (35, 81, 131) and / or access and circulation (11, 13, 14, 19) and / or accessory holding (107), characterized in that that: the box (2) comprises two rigidly associated parts: a formwork part (20) comprising the formwork front wall (5), and a rigid holding part (21) comprising the rear wall (4), at the least one of functional means (34, 145, 79, 146, 147, 3, 148) is associated with at least one automatic motor means (161, 104, 110, 128, 149) adapted to drive and displace said member (35, 81, 131 , 11, 13, 14, 19, 107) of this functional means (34, 145, 79, 146, 147, 3, 148), carried by the rigid holding portion (21) and housed in the interior space (143). ) of the box (2), the box (2) being provided with means (152) for supplying the motor means (161, 104, 110, 128, 149), opening out of the box (2), the box (2) is substantially closed by means of openings (45) for the passage of at least one of the functional means (34, 145, 79, 146, 147, 3, 148) having a portion (154) located in the interior space (2) and a part (153) which can be located outside the interior space (2), the at least one functional means (34, 145, 79, 146, 147, 3, 148) being the case optionally retractable in whole or in part in the interior space. A formwork shutter according to claim 1, wherein a functional means (34, 145, 79, 146, 147, 3, 148) comprises a base (129, 151, 155, 156) carried by the rigid holding portion ( 21), and the member (35, 81, 131, 11, 13, 14, 19, 107) movably mounted relative to the base (129, 151, 155, 156) in at least one degree of freedom, wherein the motor means (161, 104, 110, 128, 149) is adapted to drive and move the member (35, 81, 131, 11, 13, 14, 19, 107) relative to the base (129, 151, 155, 156) according to the degree of freedom between a retracted position and an extended position. 3. Formwork shuttering according to claim 2, wherein, in the extended position of the member (35, 81, 131, 11, 13, 14, 19, 107), at least a portion of the member is located outside interior space. 35 4. shuttering board according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the rigid holding portion (21) comprises a series of stiffening elements (24) assembled to the rear wall (4), and extending from from the rear wall (4) towards the front casing wall (5), and wherein at least one of the functional means (34, 145, 79, 146, 147, 3, 148) or motors (161, 104, 110, 128, 149) is carried by at least one of the stiffening elements 40 (24). A formwork shutter according to claim 4, wherein at least two stiffening elements (24) extend parallel to each other from the rear wall (6), and wherein at least one of the functional means (34, 145, 79, 146, 147, 3, 148) or motors (161, 104, 110, 128, 149) has a mounting portion (157) 45 disposed between the two stiffening members (24) and assembled to each of these two stiffening elements (24). Formwork shuttering according to one of claims 4 or 5, wherein at least one of the functional means (34, 145, 79, 146, 147, 3, 148) or motors (161, 104, 110, 128, 149 ) is mounted through a stiffening element (24). 7. shuttering formwork according to one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the stiffening elements (24) are supported on the front wall formwork (5). 8. formwork shuttering according to one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the direction of actuation by the motor means (161, 104, 110, 128, 149) is transverse to the direction of the stiffening element (24). who supports it. 9. formwork shuttering according to one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the direction of actuation by the motor means (161, 104, 110, 128, 149) is parallel to the direction of the stiffening element (24). who supports it. 10. Formwork shuttering according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the rigid holding portion (21) comprises at least one edge wall (8). 11. formwork shuttering according to claim 10, wherein at least one of the functional means (34, 145, 79, 146, 147, 3, 148) or motors (161, 104, 110, 128, 149) is carried by the edge wall (8). 12. Formwork shuttering according to one of claims 10 or 11 and according to one of claims 4 to 9, wherein at least one of the functional means (34, 145, 79, 146, 147, 3, 148) or motors (161, 104, 110, 128, 149) is carried by the edge wall (8) and a stiffening member (24). 13. formwork shuttering according to one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the formwork wall (5) has a rear face (56), opposite the formwork front face (6), the rear face (56) being with a series of stiffening elements (58). A shuttering shutter according to claim 13 and claim 4 or a dependent claim, wherein the series of stiffening elements (58) of the shuttering wall (5) extend parallel to each other according to a first direction, wherein the series of stiffening elements (24) of the rigid holding portion (21) extend parallel to each other in a second direction transverse to the first direction, the first and second directions together defining a parallel plane to the formwork face (6). 15. Formwork shuttering according to claim 14 wherein the first and second directions are orthogonal. 16. Formwork shuttering according to one of claims 1 to 15, further comprising a control means (52, 67, 105, 109, 164, 165) of at least one motor means (161, 104, 110, 128 , 149), the control means (52, 67, 105, 109, 164, 165) being operable through the peripheral wall of the box (2) by an operator to control the operation of the motor means (161, 104, 110 , 128, 149) for driving and moving the member (35, 81, 131, 11, 13, 14, 19, 107) of the associated functional means (34, 145, 79, 146, 147, 3, 148). Shaping shutter according to claim 16, wherein the rear wall (6) has at least one opening (45) for the passage of at least one control knob (53) of the control means (52, 67, 105). , 109, 164, 165) out of the inner space (143). 18. Formwork shuttering according to one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the supply means (152), electric, hydraulic or pneumatic, of the motor means (161, 104, 110, 128, 149) comprise a connector ( 51, 54) electrical, hydraulic or pneumatic opening outside the box (2), and adapted to be connected to an electrical supply line, hydraulic or external pneumatic, respectively, and at least one line (124) electrical, hydraulic or pneumatic, respectively, internal, extending from the connector (51, 54) to the motor means (161, 104, 110, 128, 149). Formwork shuttering according to one of Claims 1 to 18, in which the shuttering part (20) and the rigid holding part (21) are rigidly connected but can be dismantled and separated, the front wall (5) being removably associated with the rigid holding portion (21) which can receive one of a plurality of end walls as needed, and wherein the rigid holding means (144) is at least substantially integral with the portion rigid holding (21). A formwork shutter as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the functional means is a face-face bonding functional means (79). Formwork shuttering according to claim 20, wherein the face-to-face connection means (79) comprises: - a base (80) integral with the rigid holding portion (21), - a housing (81), forming a functional member, and movably mounted on the base (80) in the axial front-to-rear direction between an extreme forward position where it bears on the base (80) in the rear-front direction and a rear position, the housing ( 81) comprising a through opening (83) aligned with a through opening (84) of the form wall (5) in the axial front-to-back direction, - a clamping system (85) carried by the housing (81), and adapted alternatively to take an open configuration in which a rod (86) can be translated relative to the housing (81) in the fore-aft direction, and a closed configuration, in which it is adapted to maintain a rod (86) rigidly on the housing (81). The formwork shutter of claim 21, further comprising a locking system (92) adapted to alternately engage a latched state, wherein it prevents the clamping system (85) from being placed from its closed configuration to its configuration. open, and an unlocked state, wherein it allows the clamping system (85) to be placed from its closed configuration to its open configuration. The formwork shutter of claim 22, wherein, in the unlocked state, the locking system (92) prevents the clamping system (85) from being placed from its open configuration to its closed configuration. 24. Formwork shuttering according to one of claims 21 to 23, wherein the clamping system (85) comprises a first and a second half-nuts (87a, 87b), mounted movable relative to each other between an open configuration and a closed configuration, in which, in the closed configuration of the two half-nuts, they together have a continuous internal thread (91). 25. Formwork shuttering according to one of claims 21 to 24, wherein, in its closed configuration, the clamping system (85) comprises a nut (90) comprising a continuous internal thread (91), the nut being secured. of the housing (81) in translation in the front-rear direction, and being rotatable relative to the housing (81) around the front-rear direction. The formwork shutter of claim 25, further comprising a locking system (92) adapted to alternatively engage a locked state, wherein it prevents rotation of the nut (90) relative to the housing (81) around the front-rear direction, and an unlocked state, in which it allows a rotation of the nut (90) relative to the housing (81) around the front-rear direction. A formwork shutter as claimed in claim 26 and as claimed in claim or claim any of claims according to claim 22, wherein the locking systems (92) are a single locking system. The formwork shutter according to one of claims 21 to 27, wherein the face-face connection functional means (79) further comprises a rod (86) extending in an axial forward-to-back direction through the through apertures. (83, 84) and adapted to cooperate with the clamping system (85) in the closed configuration thereof to maintain the rod (86) rigidly on the housing (81). Formwork shuttering according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the functional means is a functional support means (34). 30. Formwork shuttering according to one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the functional means is a lateral connecting functional means (146). A formwork shutter as claimed in claim 30, wherein the lateral connection functional means (146) comprises a base (129), and a functional member (133) movably mounted relative to the base (129) in at least two degrees of freedom. 25 32. Formwork shuttering according to claim 31, wherein the two degrees of freedom are a translation in a lateral direction of the formwork board, and a rotation around a front-rear direction of the formwork board. 30 Formwork shuttering according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the functional means is an accessory holding functional means (148). 34. Formwork shuttering according to any one of claims 1 to 33 further comprising an electric jumper (125) adapted to electrically connect the shuttering formwork to an adjacent formwork formwork. 35 Formwork shuttering according to any one of claims 1 to 34, further comprising a display (75) having at least one information relating to a functional means (34, 145, 79, 146, 147, 3, 148) and or the box (2). 40 36. Formwork shuttering according to any one of claims 1 to 35, wherein the functional means (34, 145, 79, 146, 147, 3, 148) are first functional means, the shuttering formwork further comprising second functional means (34, 145, 79, 146, 147, 3, 148), the formwork board including control means (52, 67, 105, 109, 164, 165) of the first and second functional means (34, 145, 79, 146, 147, 3, 148); , 145, 79, 146, 147, 3, 148). 15 45 37. Formwork shuttering according to claim 36, wherein the control means (52, 67, 105, 109, 164, 165) comprise individual control means (52, 67, 105, 109, 164, 165) of the means functional (34, 145, 79, 146, 147, 3, 148). 38. Formwork shuttering according to claim 36 or 37, wherein the control means (52, 67, 105, 109, 164, 165) comprise control means (52, 67, 105, 109, 164, 165) grouped parallel or differential functional means (34, 145, 79, 146, 147, 3, 148). 39. Formwork shuttering according to one of claims 1 to 38, comprising additional electrical equipment. 40. Formwork shuttering according to claim 39, wherein the additional electrical equipment is a sensor. 41. Formwork shuttering according to claim 40, wherein at least one of the functional means (34, 145, 79, 146, 147, 3, 148) is at least partially controlled from the sensor. 42. Formwork shuttering according to one of claims 1 to 41, wherein the direction of movement of the functional member (35, 81, 131, 11, 13, 14, 19, 107) is transverse to the plane of the surface formwork (6). 43. Formwork shuttering according to one of claims 1 to 41, wherein the direction of movement of the functional member (35, 81, 131, 11, 13, 14, 19, 107) is parallel to the plane of the formwork surface (6). 44. Formwork shuttering according to one of claims 1 to 43, wherein the direction of actuation by the motor means is transverse to the direction of movement of the functional member (35, 81, 131, 11, 13, 14 , 19, 107). 25 45. Formwork shuttering according to one of claims 1 to 43, wherein the direction of actuation by the motor means (161, 104, 110, 128, 149) is parallel to the direction of movement of the functional member ( 35, 81, 131, 11, 13, 14, 19, 107). 30 46. Formwork shuttering according to one of claims 1 to 45, wherein the motor means (161, 104, 110, 128, 149) can extend from a retracted position to an extended position, in which the member (35, 81, 131, 11, 13, 14, 19, 107) has a retracted position and an extended position, in which the retracted position of the functional member (35, 81, 131, 11, 13, 14, 19, 107) corresponds to the retracted position of the motor means (161, 104, 110, 128, 149) and the extended position of the motor means (161, 104, 110, 128, 149) corresponds to the extended position of the functional member (35, 81, 131, 11, 13, 14, 19, 107). 47. Formwork shuttering according to one of claims 1 to 45, wherein the drive means (161, 104, 110, 128, 149) can extend from a retracted position to an extended position, in which the member functional (35, 81, 131, 11, 13, 14, 19, 107) has a retracted position and an extended position, in which the retracted position of the functional member (35, 81, 131, 11, 13, 14 , 19, 107) corresponds to the extended position of the motor means (161, 104, 110, 128, 149) and the retracted position of the motor means (161, 104, 110, 128, 149) corresponds to the extended position of the functional member (35, 81, 131, 11, 13, 14, 19, 107). 48. Formwork shuttering according to any one of claims 1 to 47, wherein at least one of the 45 functional means (34, 145, 79, 146, 147, 3, 148) is carried, substantially, by the part rigid holding (21). 15 49. Formwork shuttering according to any one of claims 1 to 48 further comprising a temperature control system (166) of the formwork wall (6). The formwork shutter of claim 49, wherein the temperature control system includes means for circulating an adjustable temperature fluid in the interior space (143). 51. Formwork shuttering according to one of claims 1 to 50, comprising an opening (45), and a closure system (168) that can take alternately a closed state in which the opening (45) is closed, and an open state, wherein the opening (45) is accessible.