FR3003165A1 - COMPOSITION CONTAINING SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE FROM OLEA EUROPEAE - Google Patents

Abstract

The object of the invention is a cosmetic, food or dietary supplement containing superoxide dismutase from Olea europeae. The invention also relates to the use of this composition for various applications.

Description

The present invention relates to the use of superoxide dismutase derived from Olea europeae in cosmetic, food or dietary supplement compositions. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention also relates to the use of these compositions in particular for combating oxidative stress. The human body is governed by an oxidative / antioxidant balance: under physiological conditions, the body constantly produces oxidizing molecules, called free radicals, such as Oxygen-Reactive Species (ER0s). These molecules are formed by an oxidative chain that transforms the molecules of Oz into a superoxide anion (02 '). 02 "is the most active oxidative molecule on cells and is then converted into a hydroxyl radical (01-1 '), an efficient oxidant capable of synthesizing many secondary free radicals (R00') .This induces oxidative stress on the body, with non-reversible damage to body cells such as peroxidation of membrane lipids, mitochondrial degradations, protein oxidation and DNA alterations Oxidative stress is involved in many disorders of the body, such as pro-inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders, fibrosis, diabetes or cellular aging.

To combat oxidative stress and its deleterious effects, cells have several biological systems of defense and repair, but these systems have limited capacity and can not cope with an overproduction of antioxidant molecules. To restore the homeostasis of the body, it is necessary to use complementary mechanisms of antioxidant defenses. Two types of antioxidants are known for this purpose: primary antioxidants, which act directly against the formation of Oz 'with complementary actions, such as superoxide dismutase (SOI), Gluthatione Peroxidase or Catalase; - Secondary antioxidants, which act in the middle of the oxidative chain, by inhibiting the formation of R00 ', as for example po lyphéno Is. Several active ingredients and compositions with antioxidant properties have been developed in recent years. Among these products, polyphenolic extracts are known, in particular polyphenolic extracts from olive products, in particular olive leaf, developed and used to fight against oxidative stress for various applications, in particular for applications. in the fields of cosmetics, food and dietary supplements. In the field of cosmetics in particular, these products are used to combat cutaneous aging.

Skin aging is an inevitable phenomenon resulting from two complementary processes: - intrinsic aging or natural aging, genetically programmed; it is due to age, and results in: o a decrease in the content and activity of the constituents of the skin o a decrease in antioxidant enzymes such as Superoxide dismutase, o an increase in the enzymatic degradation of the components of the skin. skin, o loss of vascular wall integrity and dermal hyperpermeability, leading to reduced nutrition and oxygenation of the skin; - extrinsic aging, dependent on random environmental factors, including solar radiation (UV), addictive substances (alcohol, tobacco), food (imbalances, deficiencies, overeating), chemical pollutants, social context (stressful lifestyle), etc. All of these factors lead to the production of EROs in the skin. The polyphenolic extracts derived from the olive tree, when applied to the skin, act as secondary antioxidants: they inhibit the formation of R00 ', and thus participate in the prevention and the fight against skin aging. The polyphenolic extracts are used in the food and food supplementation field, in particular for their direct or indirect antioxidant action, in applications for preventing and / or combating oxidative stress, cellular aging, or metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases. However, although these natural products from olive trees have certain advantages, they are not entirely satisfactory in terms of efficiency, in particular because they act only in the middle of the oxidative chain and do not have direct effect on the fight against the formation of Oz '. To overcome these drawbacks, the present invention proposes to use superoxide dismutase from Olea europeae. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a primary antioxidant enzyme found naturally in humans. There are more forms of SOD. In humans, 3 isoforms have been identified: SOD1 located in the cytosol, SOD2, located in the mitochondria and SOD3 located in the extracellular space. SOD is responsible for a reaction of spontaneous disproportionation of the superoxide radical O 2 'to hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) according to the following reaction: SOD O 2 * + O 2 + 2H + -> H 2 O 2 + O 2 The hydrogen peroxide thus formed is then transformed into water by the complementary action of Catalase and Gluthationperoxidase. Thus, the action of SOD makes it possible to reduce the amount of Oz 'present in the body and thus to inhibit at the base the oxidative damage that can be induced by oxidizing molecules derived from Oz', such as the hydroxyl radical OH 'or peroxynitrite ON00-. It is known that several forms of SOD have been identified in different cell compartments of various plants, such as Citrus lemon pulp, Plgum sativum leaves, Pinus sylvestris needles, Curcuma comosa roots, etc. Depending on its origin and type, SOD has different properties and activity. Surprisingly, the Applicant has demonstrated that olive-derived SOD has very good antioxidant properties and characteristics that are suitable for a cosmetic, food or dietary supplement application. Olive tree extracts in general and olive leaf in particular, currently used in cosmetics and food or food supplements do not contain SOD, unlike the compositions contemplated in the present invention. Advantageously, the compositions according to the invention when they are applied to the skin provide an SOD supplementation sufficiently effective to enable the natural deficiency in antioxidant enzymes of the intrinsic aging of the organism in general and of the skin in particular to be counteracted, but also to neutralize the overproduction of ER0s, especially due to extrinsic aging. Similarly, the compositions according to the invention when they are ingested provide an SOD supplementation which is sufficiently effective to make it possible to fight against numerous disorders of the body, in particular pro-inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders, fibroses. , diabetes and cellular aging. According to another advantage, the antioxidant efficacy of the compositions according to the invention is much greater than that of cosmetic, food or food supplement compositions containing olive tree extracts known hitherto, including polyphenolic extracts derived from Olivier. The invention therefore also relates to the use of compositions containing SOD from Olea europeae as antioxidant cosmetic compositions intended to be applied to the skin or as antioxidant compositions intended to be ingested. The invention also relates to a cosmetic treatment method for treating the skin, intended to prevent and / or fight against skin aging. It also relates to compositions containing SOD derived from Olea europeae for their application as antioxidant food composition or antioxidant dietary supplement to prevent and / or fight against numerous disorders of the organism in particular to prevent and / or fight against pro-inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders, fibrosis, diabetes and / or cellular aging. The invention is now described in detail. According to a first aspect, the subject of the invention is therefore a cosmetic, food or dietary supplement composition containing superoxide dismutase from Olea europeae.

Preferably, it is a composition comprising an extract of Olea europeae containing SOD in a proportion of at least 100 IU / g of dry matter of the extract, still more preferably in the proportion of at least 500 IU. / g dry matter of the extract.

By food compositions and / or food supplements according to the invention is meant common food products such as beverages, oils, yogurts, biscuits, including nutritional products and dietary products, as well as food supplements with a galenic meeting the regulatory requirements in force.

By Olea europeae extract according to the invention is meant any molecule or mixture of molecules obtained from Olea europeae. According to the invention, the composition comprises at least one extract of Olea europeae containing SOD. Said extract is preferably present in the composition at least 0.05% by weight of dry matter of the composition.

The SOD used in the compositions according to the invention is preferably derived from leaf leaves of Olea europeae. In a particularly suitable manner, the SOD or extract containing SOD is obtained from Olea europeae by a process comprising a drying step at a temperature below 100 ° C., more preferably below 60 ° C. The drying may for example be carried out by lyophilization, vacuum, spray drying or hot air drying. Likewise, a method of obtaining by aqueous extraction, without organic solvent, will be preferred. SOD is indeed a particularly fragile molecule that requires gentle extraction conditions.

The SOD (or the extract containing the SOD) can be obtained by the implementation of a process comprising at least the following steps: solubilization in water of leaves of Olea europeae, centrifugation to recover the supernatant, - optionally purification, and - drying at a temperature below 100 ° C. The leaves of Olea europeae are preferentially ground prior to solubilization. To facilitate grinding, leaves of Olea europeae 5 can be frozen. The solubilization can be ideally carried out at a rate of at least 100 g of fresh material per liter of water. The centrifugation is preferably carried out between 2 and 20 minutes at a speed of between 4000 and 15000 revolutions per minute. The supernatant recovered after centrifugation can be dried directly. The drying must be carried out at a temperature below 100 ° C., preferably by freeze-drying. The SOD (or the extract containing SOD) used according to the invention is preferably associated with a suitable vehicle for the intended use: external use for a cosmetic composition, ingestion and assimilation by the body for a food composition or a dietary supplement. In particular SOD is previously microencapsulated within polymeric biodegradable microparticles or lipid substances. According to one variant, the compositions according to the invention also comprise one or more polyphenolic compounds or at least one polyphenolic extract. These polyphenols are preferably derived from Olea europeae, more particularly leaves of Olea europeae or from oils obtained from Olea europeae. The extract containing SOD and the polyphenolic extract may be identical, ie SOD and polyphenols are obtained by the same method of extraction from Olea europeae. However, polyphenol extraction processes are often too aggressive for SOD which is usually destroyed or inactivated.

According to a particularly suitable embodiment, the extract containing SOD from Olea europeae and the polyphenolic extract from Olea europeae are therefore different and obtained separately. The composition according to the invention may comprise an extract of Olea europeae containing polyphenols at a rate of at least 0.2 g per 100 g of dry matter of the extract or 1 mg per 20 g of oil if the extract is under oily form (the amount of polyphenols being measured spectrophotometrically at 280 nm). Preferably, the polyphenolic compounds present in the composition according to the invention are chosen from hydroxytyrosol and its derivatives such as the oleuropein complex and tyrosol. Advantageously, the combination of SOD primary antioxidant, and polyphenols, secondary antioxidants, provides an optimal antioxidant action, particularly effective against cellular aging, particularly skin aging. According to another advantage, the polyphenols also have other beneficial effects, such as maintaining the vitality and integrity of the skin. The compositions according to the invention must be adapted for a cosmetic use. The cosmetic compositions according to the invention are in a form suitable for topical administration such as in particular cream, ointment, emulsion, gel or lotion. The food compositions and food supplements according to the invention are in a form suitable for oral administration such as in particular powder, oil, liquid. In another aspect, the invention is specifically directed to the use of compositions containing SOD from Olea europeae to prevent oxidative stress for cosmetic application. In particular, the subject of the invention is the use of a composition containing SOD derived from Olea europeae as an antioxidant cosmetic composition intended to be applied to the skin, in particular as a cosmetic composition intended to prevent and / or fight against aging of the skin. For this purpose, the invention also provides a cosmetic skin treatment method for preventing and / or combating skin aging, which consists in applying to the skin a composition containing SOD derived from Olea europeae. According to another aspect, the invention also relates to the use of compositions containing SOD derived from Olea europeae for preventing oxidative stress orally for application as a food composition or a food supplement. In particular, the invention relates to a composition containing SOD from Olea europeae for its application as an antioxidant food composition or antioxidant dietary supplement, in particular for preventing and / or treating cellular aging, pro-inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders, fibroses and diabetes. The invention is now illustrated by examples of extracts and compositions. I. Example of Olea europeae extracts standardized in SOD The extracts are obtained by carrying out the following steps: grinding of 5 g of fresh frozen leaves of Olea europeae for 60 seconds - homogenization in 50 ml of distilled water - PH adjustment - Agitation for T minutes at T ° C - Centrifugation for 20 minutes at 4000 rpm - Recovery of the supernatant - Drying by lyophilization at 35 ° C 3003 165 10 Four different extracts were obtained: olive Extract Agitation time (t) Temperature (T) pH Total dry matter mass (g) Mg protein / g dry matter Activity 50D extract UI / gM5 Extract 30 min 4 ° C 4,5 1,27 6 , 14 2135 1 Extract 1h15 min 14 ° C 7.8 1.07 60.35 3627 2 Extract 2h 24 ° C 11.1 2.08 56.43 3971 3 Extract 30 min 24 ° C 11.1 1.91 58 The extracts obtained can in particular be standardized with a carrier such as maltodextrin, ground dried olive leaf, d e olive powder, grigons or marc from the pressing of olives. The standardized extract may then have a lower concentration of SOD than the pure extract obtained during the specific extraction but will contain at least 100 IU / g of dry matter. II. Example of extracts of Olea europeae standardized in polyphenols The extracts are obtained by the implementation of the following stages: - treatment by cold pressing of olives (380kg) - acidification - clarification - filtration - olive water - purification polyphenols - distillation and concentration under vacuum - standardization - spray drying - recovery of 1 kg of dry extract of Olea europeae The extract obtained contains more than 5% of polyphenols. It includes in particular (HPLC measurements): - more than 6% of hydroxytyrosol - tyrosol (about 1%). III. EXAMPLES OF COMPOSITIONS EXAMPLE 1 Cosmetic Composition Night Cream: I Point Extract 0.8% 0.3% Point II Extract 0.7% Preservative and Biosucharide 1.5% Perfumes Fat Phase + Phase aqueous 96.7% The fatty phase consists of an emulsifier and an emollient. The aqueous phase consists of water associated with a pidolate.

The composition is obtained by mixing the constituents under the conventional conditions known to those skilled in the art. Example 2: cosmetic or food composition: - extract from point I 0.8% - olive oil rich in polyphenols 99.2% The composition is obtained by mixing the constituents under the conventional conditions known to those skilled in the art. Example 3: dietary supplement: bans a 400 mg capsule: - extract of point I 25mg - extract of point II 175mg - maltodextrin 200mg The composition is obtained by mixing the constituents under the conventional conditions known to those skilled in the art.

Claims (19)

REVENDICATIONS1. Food cosmetic composition or food supplement containing superoxide dismutase from Olea europeae. 2. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises an extract of Olea europeae containing superoxide dismutase in a proportion of at least 100 IU / g of dry matter of the extract. 3. Composition according to claim 2, characterized in that the extract is present at least 0.05% in the composition. 4. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it also comprises polyphenolic compounds from Olea europeae. 5. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises an extract of Olea europeae containing polyphenolic compounds. 6. Composition according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that it comprises an extract of Olea europeae containing polyphenol compounds and in that this extract is different from the extract containing superoxide dismutase. 7. Composition according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the Olea europeae extract containing superoxide dismutase also contains polyphenolic compounds. 8. Composition according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the polyphenol compounds are chosen from hydroxytyrosol and its derivatives. 9. Composition according to one of Claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the polyphenol compounds are chosen from the oleuropein complex and the tyrosine I. 10. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the superoxide dismutase is derived from leaves of Olea europeae. 11. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the superoxide dismutase is obtained from Olea europeae by a process comprising a drying step at a temperature below 100 ° C. 12. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the superoxide dismutase is obtained by aqueous extraction from Olea europeae. 13. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the superoxide dismutase is obtained by the implementation of a process comprising at least the following steps: - solubilization in the water of leaves of Olea europeae possibly previously ground, centrifugation to recover the supernatant, optionally purification, and drying at a temperature below 100 ° C. 14. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the superoxide dismutase is microencapsulated. 15. Use of a composition according to one of the preceding claims, as an antioxidant cosmetic composition intended to be applied to the skin. 16. Use of a composition according to one of claims 1 to 14 as a cosmetic composition for preventing and / or fighting against aging of the skin. 25 17. A cosmetic process for treating the skin, intended to prevent and / or fight against skin aging, characterized in that it consists in applying to the skin a composition according to one of claims 1 to 14. 18. Composition according to one of claims 1 to 14 for its application as an antioxidant food composition or antioxidant dietary supplement. 19. Composition according to one of claims 1 to 14 for its application 5 as a food composition or dietary supplement for preventing and / or treating cellular aging, pro-inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders, fibroses and diabetes.