FR2949243A1 - Photovoltaic parking shed for use in e.g. farm building, to protect cars from sunshine, has compass shaped side structures including inclined columns whose lower ends are attached to concrete base that forms parking spaces with another base - Google Patents

Abstract

The shed (1) has elevation structures i.e. compass shaped side structures (3), supporting opposite sides of a rectangular roof (2), where the structures are spaced from each other to form covered parking spaces (5a-5b) of cars (6) under the roof. Each structure includes inclined columns (3a, 3b) joined with each other at half-height on an overlapping area by a connection part. Lower ends of the columns are spaced from each other and attached to a same concrete base (4) that lies flat on ground. The base and another concrete base of the structure form the parking spaces at the ground.

Description

The present invention relates to a device called a parking shade umbrella. More particularly, the present invention relates to photovoltaic parking shades. This type of device is intended to ensure the protection of vehicles from the sun and the weather, while producing photovoltaic electricity and if necessary by collecting and recycling rainwater flowing on the roof. It is a product intended for sale to private individuals or to companies and local authorities whose purpose is to produce electricity while guaranteeing protection against the elements for vehicles parked under the shade. Different types of photovoltaic shades are known. These generally comprise a large roof panel, preferably inclined, intended to receive photovoltaic panels for the production of electricity, the inclination of the panels being provided in order to prevent the accumulation of soiling on the surface of said panels usually glazed. There are known devices marketed by the SUNVIE France Company, whose inclined structure supporting the photovoltaic panels 20 consisted of glued laminated timber or metal trusses, two successive farms being spaced apart from at least a plurality of car locations in width. , the base of said farms being sealed in foundation flanges buried in the ground. Parking shelters are also known as shelters consisting of four vertical wooden posts anchored also on the ground on solid concrete by steel plates. These devices have the major drawback of requiring ground foundation implementations for their anchoring, which represents a significant increase in the cost, time and difficulty of setting up the device on site and its possible displacement of a site to another site. The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a device for improving the anchoring means on the ground.

More generally, the present invention consists in providing a parking shading-type device, especially of the photovoltaic parking shading type for the improved electricity production, especially in terms of simplicity and cost of implementation and installation on site. To this end, the present invention provides a parking shade device consisting of a) a preferably rectangular roof comprising a support structure on which the roofing elements are fixed and fixed, and b) at least two structures of elevation supporting said roof, preferably at least at 2 opposite sides of said rectangular roof, said elevated structure being spaced apart from each other so as to delimit a covered parking area of vehicle (s) under said roof, characterized in that each said elevation structure consists of 2 inclined posts joined to each other, preferably at least halfway up, the lower ends of said posts being spaced apart. on the other and solidary of the same concrete base able to rest flat on the ground, the 2 concrete bases of the 2 elevation structures delimiting on the ground a so-called space covered parking. It will be understood that: said fastener is situated in height above the base; the two bases contribute, by their weight, to anchoring the said elevated structure to the ground and make it possible to anchor the said combripper without producing buried foundations or damaging the floor covering such as a bituminous coating on which he rests.

The fact of having a single base extending between the 2 lower ends of the two posts increases the weight of the base for a space of the space covered between the two minimal elevation structures.

The fact that the posts are inclined makes it possible - on the one hand to lower the center of gravity of said elevated structure and - on the other hand to distribute the weight of the structure in elevation along the entire length of the base and not to at its only extremities as it would be the case with vertical poles. This double feature has the effect of stabilizing the said elevation structure by reducing the risk of leverage and rotating rotation of the base relative to one of its longitudinal ends under the effect of a force including the force of the wind applying to the height of the shade at the level of the roof. It is thus possible to implement according to the invention bases comparatively lighter and less bulky than they would be if the support columns of the roof were arranged vertically or were inclined without joining. More particularly, the two inclined poles are erected in the same vertical plane. This elevation structure comprising only 2 columns is relatively light and can be stabilized on the ground by pedestals not exceeding in length beyond the roof. According to an alternative embodiment, the two inclined posts can be joined to each other substantially at mid-height so as to form a cross elevation structure. However, advantageously, according to another preferred embodiment, the two inclined columns are joined to each other at their upper end, thus forming a compass elevation structure.

This elevation in the form of a compass makes it possible to arrange the two inclined posts of each structure with their axis substantially in the same vertical plane on the one hand, and on the other hand, has a better compactness and a greater rigidity, in particular at level of the connection of the poles together at their upper end. More particularly, said roof support structure comprises: a) a rectangular frame formed by at least: two first failures parallel to the longitudinal direction XX 'of the bases, fixed at the top of each of the two compass structures respectively, and two second faults (2b) providing the junction between the ends of said first faults, and b) a plurality of parallel chevrons (2c) supported by said second faults. This embodiment is suitable for carrying out a photovoltaic car parking shade of easy use, because it allows to obtain a roof inclined 15 to 20 ° whose opposite sides transverse more than 6 m apart with the bottom side at least 2m high and whose top of said compass structures is approximately 3m in height with longitudinal ends of said bases not exceeding 3/4 of the distance between the opposite sides transverse of the roof. According to other particular features: the two inclined posts are inclined relative to each other by an angle α of 30 ° to 60 °, preferably of 40 ° to 50 °, and said structure in compass elevation is fixed at its upper end tip substantially in the middle of said first two failures by means of a fixing piece in the form of axis.

Advantageously, said roof is inclined 13 from 10 to 30 ° relative to the horizontal, preferably from 15 to 20 °. This slope allows to protect from the sun in summer and let the radiation in winter. On the other hand, this sloped roof offers better resistance to atmospheric elements of the climate, such as wind and rain. It also makes it possible to recover the rainwater from the slope, the shadows being able to be equipped with an auxiliary rainwater recovery system, in particular using a gutter. This inclination also makes it possible to optimize the efficiency of solar energy recovery in the event that said covering elements comprise photovoltaic panels for producing electricity, preferably connected to an inverter resting on a said base and connected to the electrical network. Indeed, in a known manner the shade can produce photovoltaic electric current via mono or polycrystalline panels, the current delivered at the output of the panels being a direct current is converted into a corrugated current after passing through a said inverter, to be reinjected in the electrical network. The inclination of the panels aims to obtain better exposure to radiation, but especially to avoid the stagnation of dirt on the surface of the panels, that is to say in both cases, to preserve the performance of the panels. By the inclination of the panels, the rainwater can evacuate the dirt, avoiding that they stagnate on its surface. In one embodiment, said pedestals are fixed to the ground by piles driven into the ground through openings through the thickness of said bases and sealed in said base, preferably at least 2 piles respectively near each longitudinal end. said base. These piles provide a restraint preventing if necessary that the base is moved by sliding on the ground under certain conditions of implantation.

The base can also be fixed to the ground by a system of staples. But, it can also be self-supporting ensuring alone the ground maintenance of the device. According to other more particular features: - said successive bases of the same device are spaced apart from one another such that the space available on the ground L'2 is at least 4.5 m, preferably at least less than 5 m. Thus, the device allows parking at the shelter of 2 cars side by side, - said posts are wood or metal and said structure of io roof support is metal or wood. It is understood that the length, width and height of the device can be adapted to ensure optimum stability of the device and whatever the region of its geographical location, that is to say, depending on the wind force, the rate rain, snow etc.

Advantageously, the precast concrete base or base may contain incorporated lighting or any other component of signage. Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent in the light of the following detailed description of the figures, in which - Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a device according to the invention, - Figure 2 represents 3 is a vertical cross-sectional side view along AA of the device of FIG. 2; FIG. 4 is a detail of the axis of attachment of the elevation structure on the frame of FIG. the support structure of the roof, - Figure 5 is a detail of the anchoring of the posts on a said base, - Figure 6 is a median longitudinal section along BB of a device of Figure 3, and - Figure 7 represents a second embodiment of Photovoltaic parking shackle according to the invention, comprising support structures in elevation 3 in the form of a cross. The Photovoltaic Parking Shade described in Figures 1 to 6 consists of two lateral structures in the form of a compass 3 comprising two inclined posts 3a, 3b joined at their upper end in a vertical sectional plane on an overlapping area 3-1. rectangular at their summit. The two posts are for example made in tubes 140 mm in diameter and 6 mm thick. The two posts have a length I = 3.44 m and are joined at their apex at an angle of about 20 °. The two posts 3a, 3b are attached at their lower end to a concrete base 4 extending over a length L4 of 4.5 m in their longitudinal direction XX '. The bases 4 are longitudinal parts of symmetrical shape with respect to the vertical plane defined by the axes of the two posts 3a, 3b of the compass structure 3. The bases 4 have a width in the direction perpendicular to the direction XX ', 11 = 50 cm and a thickness el = 23 cm, that is to say a height from the ground 10 on which they rest. The lower ends of the two tubular posts 3a, 3b are fitted over a sleeve 3-3, one end of which is sealed in the concrete base having substantially the same cross-sectional shape. An oblong reserve 3-4 allows adjustment of the height of the post on the sleeve during bolting of the lower end thereof to the sleeve. The two compass structures and the two pedestals have vertical symmetry planes spaced from one another by a distance L2 of 5.20 m to allow the locations 5a, 5b of two cars 6 between the two pedestals on a width L2 of 4.70 m, the two bases and the locations 5a, 5b occupying a length L1 of 5.70 m. The two structures in compass 3 support at their upper end a roof 2 comprising a roof support structure formed of a rectangular frame consisting of two first faults 2a extending in the longitudinal direction of the bases XX 'over a length of L3 = 2 , 45 m, the ends of the first two failures being joined by two second faults 2b extending in the direction perpendicular to a length L2 = 4.8 m. A plurality of 7 chevrons 2c extends in the longitudinal direction XX 'of said bases, parallel to said first faults, supported by said second faults, regularly spaced every L5 = 80 cm in the direction perpendicular to said longitudinal direction XX'. Said first and second faults are constituted by failures of 150 x 170 mm section in the form of a hollow tube 8 mm thick. The rafters consist of flat rafters with a section height of 180 mm over a length L = 6 m extending in the longitudinal direction XX 'of the shelter. The rafters 2c support photovoltaic panels 7 20 extending in a juxtaposed manner, so as to cover the entire roof 2 and thus cover two cars parked under the roof. The roof 2 therefore extends in the XX 'direction of a length L of 6 m greater than the average size of a car and greater than the size of the bases, which allows a circulation of entry and exit areas relatively easy parking. The rectangular roof support frame is fixed to the upper end of said compass structures by an axial structural connecting piece 8 ensuring the connection between the outer faces of said first purlins 2a and the inner face of the connecting zone 3-1 of the two posts inclined against each other at their summit. This connecting piece 8 ensures the connection of the first purlins with the connecting zone 3-1 at the top of said compass structure 3, substantially mid-length of the first purlins 2a and at a height H of 2.95 m with respect to the 10. The rectangular frame 2 supporting the panels 7 is slightly inclined at an angle 13 of 15 ° to 20 °, so that the panels 7 resting on the rafters 3 are themselves inclined of the same angle for the reasons explained above. The slope of the roof allows the lowest point of the roof 2-1 to remain higher than 2m. The bases 4 can be fixed to the ground 10 by means of piles 9 in the form of 60 mm diameter steel tubes, beaten in the roadway, extending through the orifices 4-1 near the longitudinal ends of the base 4, the piles 9 being able to be sealed in resin mortar at the level of the upper opening 4-2 of the openings 4-1 of the bases 4 in which they are introduced.

The bases 4 may be sufficient in weight and surface contact with the ground to ensure the maintenance of the structure by themselves. However, advantageously, the piles 9 constitute a kind of staple system which increases the ground support of the bases 4, avoiding their possible undesirable displacement under certain conditions of implantation 20 and / or in the event of movements of vehicles striking against said pedestals. The shade 1 according to the invention produces photovoltaic electrical power via panels 7 assembled juxtaposed on the roof 2, consisting of mono or polycrystalline panels. These photovoltaic panels 7 consist of 2 to 4 mm thick tempered glass panels over silicon cells or other photovoltaic cells, in particular panels of the Suntech Power Company of 200 Wp (Watt-peak) power. The panels 7 are installed on the structure, in particular the rectangular frame 2 by clipping and interconnected by a connector. The photovoltaic panels 7 are coupled to an inverter 11 preferably disposed on a said base 4. In FIG. 7, there is shown a second embodiment in which the roof 2 is supported by elevation structures 5 consisting of two posts 3b, 3b arranged in a cross connected by a median junction piece 3-3 substantially mid-length of each of the posts 3a and 3b. The posts 3a and 3b are then constituted by 2 half-posts 3a1-3a2, 3b1-3b2 interconnected by a connecting piece 3-2 adapted to arrange each pair of two half-posts 3a1-3a2 and 3b1-3b2 in 10 rectilinear continuity and the two pairs 3a1-3a2 and 3b1-3b2 crosswise. However, in terms of stability and simplicity of manufacture and installation, the embodiment with the compass-like elevation structures of FIGS. 1 to 6 is preferred. The compass structure can be made of wood for a particular, 15 but preferably is metallic especially in the case of an industrial building or agricultural or Community. The shade allows the protection of the sun for two vehicles 6, since its dimensions make it possible to spare two parking spaces 5a, 5b protected from the sun in summer and bad weather in winter.

In this regard, the shade can be equipped with a rainwater recovery system falling on the roof (not shown).

Claims (11)

REVENDICATIONS1. Apparatus of the parking shading type (1) consisting of: a) a preferably rectangular roof comprising a support structure (2) on which the roofing elements (7) rest and are fixed, and b) at least two elevation structures (4) supporting said roof, preferably at least at two opposite sides of said rectangular roof, said elevation structures being spaced from each other so as to delimit a parking space (5). , 5a-5b) of vehicle (s) (9) under said roof, characterized in that each said elevation structure consists of 2 inclined columns (3a, 3b) joined to each other (3- 1.3-2), preferably at least halfway up, the lower ends of said posts being spaced from each other and integral with the same concrete base (4) adapted to rest flat on the ground, the 2 concrete bases of the 2 elevated structures delimiting on the ground (10) a so-called covered parking space (5, 5a-5b). 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the 2 inclined posts (3a, 3b) are erected in the same vertical plane. 20 3. Device according to claim 1 or 2 characterized in that the two inclined posts (3a, 3b) are joined to each other at (3-1) of their upper end, thus forming an elevation structure in compass (3). 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said roof support structure (2) comprises: a) a rectangular frame formed by at least: two first faults (2a) parallel to the longitudinal direction (XX ') pedestals (4), fixed at the top of each of the two compass structures (3) respectively, and- two second faults (2b) ensuring the junction between the ends of said first failures, and b) a plurality of hinges (2c) parallel to each other and supported by said second failures 5. Device according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the 2 inclined posts are inclined relative to each other by an angle (a) of 30 ° to 60 °, preferably 40 ° at 50 °. 6. Device according to claims 3 and 4, characterized in that said compass elevation structure is fixed at its upper end substantially in the middle portion of said first two tips (2a) with a fastener part. Shaft shape (8). 7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said bases (4) are fixed to the ground (10) by piles (9) beaten in the ground through orifices (4-1) passing through the thickness of said bases (4) and sealed in said base, preferably at least 2 piles (9) respectively close to each longitudinal end of said base. 8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that said bases (7) successive of the same device (1) are spaced apart from each other such that the space available on the ground (L 2) is at least 4.5 m, preferably at least 5 m. 9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that said posts (2a, 2b) are wood or metal and said roof support structure is metal or wood. 10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that said roof is inclined (F3) of 10 to 30 ° relative to the horizontal, preferably 15 to 20 °. 11. Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that said cover elements comprise photovoltaic panels (7) for generating electricity, preferably connected to an inverter (11) resting on a said base and connected to the electricity grid.