FR3009572A1 - SHADOW FOR PARKING AREA OF VEHICLE. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a shade for vehicle parking area, comprising: - a roof (1) formed of cover elements (2) in the form of photovoltaic panels, - a rigid support structure on which the roof rests ( 1), which structure comprises posts (40) which are carried at their upper end with a roof frame (3), the photovoltaic panels (2) being fixed on said frame, being characterized by the fact that: the base of the posts (40) has a base (42) opposing the depression of the support structure (4) in the ground, - weighting means (43) are removably arranged along the poles (40). ) by transferring their weight to the base (42), which weighting means each have a weight less than or equal to 100 Kg.

Description

Description: Field of the invention. The invention relates to a shade for a vehicle parking area. It concerns the technical field of photovoltaic parking shades, intended to protect motor vehicles against the sun or bad weather, while allowing the production of electricity. State of the art The photovoltaic parking shades are well known from the prior art, and for example described in the patent documents FR 2,949,243 (ONET), FR 2,961,546 (INGESUN), or FR 2,942,486 (RAVOYARD). This type of shade usually comprises a roof formed of roofing elements in the form of photovoltaic panels, and a support structure on which said roofing. The support structure comprises posts which carry, at their upper end, a roof frame, the photovoltaic panels being fixed on this frame. As can be described in the patent documents FR 2 961 546 or FR 2 942 486 cited above, it is generally necessary to provide foundations to keep the posts in position, and to prevent the umbria from tilting or flying away when the wind rushes under the roof. The establishment of such foundations is costly not only in time, but also in specific skilled labor in this type of construction work. Document FR 2,949,243 teaches for its part to use sufficient bases, by their weight and surface contact with the ground, to ensure the maintenance of the support structure. These types of bases being relatively heavy, it is necessary to handle them with a specific type of crane. Faced with this state of affairs, an objective of the invention is to provide a shade that the design allows it to be easily and quickly installed, without the need to use a specific workforce or special handling equipment.

Disclosure of the invention. The solution proposed by the invention is a shade for vehicle parking area, comprising: - a roof formed of roofing elements in the form of photovoltaic panels, - and a rigid support structure on which the roof rests, which structure comprises poles which are carrying, at their upper end, a roof frame, the photovoltaic panels being fixed on said frame. This shade is remarkable in that the base of the posts has a base opposing the depression of the support structure in the ground, weighting means being removably arranged along said posts by transferring their weight to said base, which weighting means each have a weight less than or equal to 100 Kg.

The unit weight of the ballast means allows manual handling by two people, or even one. In addition, by associating these weighting means to the posts, we will ballast the shade so that its final weight -3- suffices to ensure its maintenance in position, without the need to provide any foundation. The shade object of the invention can therefore be built very quickly by one or two people, practically on any type of terrain.

Other characteristics of the invention are listed below, each of these characteristics being able to be considered alone or in combination with the remarkable characteristics defined above: the posts preferably have a hollow tubular structure inside which are positioned the ballast means. The weighting means may be in the form of masonry blocks stacked in the hollow tubular structure of the columns, or in the form of blocks of masonry blocks packed loose in said structure. In an alternative embodiment, the weighting means are in the form of concrete blocks installed around the posts, which blocks are superimposed one above the other, bearing on the base. - The support structure may comprise at least three pairs of poles: - a first pair being disposed at a first lateral edge of the roof, - a second pair being disposed at a second side edge of the roof, - and a third pair being disposed between the first pair and the second pair; the weighting of the third pair of poles being greater than the weighting of the first pair of poles and the ballast of the second pair of poles. - The roof frame is advantageously formed by purlins and / or sleepers having a hollow tubular structure inside which can be positioned other weighting means, such as masonry blocks, whole or in pieces. - Preferably, the roof frame is formed of purlins and / or sleepers connected to the posts by removable connecting pieces. The photovoltaic panels may be associated with an installation comprising a water tank, a pump and nozzles, which nozzles are arranged on the roof and arranged to make the water run off on said panels and to cool them; the roof frame being formed of purlins and / or sleepers, at least one of these purlins and / or sleepers in the form of a channel arranged under the photovoltaic panels so as to recover all or part of the runoff water, which flows into the tank. Another aspect of the invention relates to a ready-to-assemble assembly (or Kit) for constructing a shade for vehicle parking area, said assembly comprising, in the form of spare parts: - a roof frame, - photovoltaic panels forming elements covering, - fixing elements for fixing the photovoltaic panels on the roof frame, - posts for supporting the roof frame and the photovoltaic panels fixed thereto, the base of said posts having a base opposing the depressing the shade in the ground, - fixing elements for fixing the roof frame to the upper end of the posts, - weighting means configured to associate with the posts so as to ballast them, which weighting means each have a weight less than or equal to 100 Kg. Yet another aspect of the invention relates to a method of constructing a shade for vehicle parking area, comprising the following steps: - positioning, on the ground, a rigid support structure comprising supporting columns, - fixing, at the upper end of the columns, a roof frame, - fixing photovoltaic panels on the roof frame so as to form a roof, - equip the base of the posts with a base opposing the depression of the support structure in the ground, -5- - associate with the posts, removable ballasting means whose unit weight is less than or equal to 100 kg.

Description of the figures. Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will appear better on reading the description of a preferred embodiment which follows, with reference to the accompanying drawings, made by way of indicative and non-limiting examples and in which: FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a shelter in accordance with the invention, according to a first embodiment; FIG. 2 is a side view of the shelter of FIG. 1; FIG. in perspective of an awning according to the first embodiment, in an alternative embodiment, - Figure 4 is a perspective view of a shelter according to the invention, according to a second embodiment, - Figure 5 is a side view of the shade of Figure 4, - Figure 6 shows in detail these removable connecting parts for connecting the roof frame to the posts of the support structure. Preferred embodiments of the invention

The photovoltaic shade shown in Figures 1 to 5 comprises a roof 1 formed of cover elements 2 in the form of photovoltaic panels. These are of the type known to those skilled in the art and make it possible to transform solar energy into electrical energy. For example, panels marketed by RECSOLAR under the trademark REC® are used. They are typically in the form of flat rectangular panels about 2 m long and 1 m wide. Once assembled, the roof 1 is for example 8 m long and 3 m wide, so as to cover at least one automobile parked under said roof. The dimensions of the roof 1 can obviously be modulated according to the number and / or the size of the parking spaces to be covered. The electrical power provided by the roof 1 is between 6 KWa The panels 2 are assembled in a juxtaposed manner and interconnected by a connector. They are fixed on a roof frame 3 consisting of purlins and / or sleepers. The panels 2 are held in position on the frame 3 by means of fasteners such as hooks, clips, bolts, nuts, etc.

In the example of Figures 1 and 4, the frame 3 is formed of two longitudinal crosspieces 31, parallel to each other, and connected by five transverse failures 30, perpendicular to said crosspieces. As can be seen in FIG. 3, a greater number of purlins 30 and / or sleepers 31 can of course be envisaged, depending on the size of the roof 1. The purlins 30 and the crosspieces 31 are rigid elements which come under shape of extruded or folded metal profiles, plastic or carbon fiber rails, etc. These elements 30, 31 may each be constituted of a single piece or on the contrary of several parts assembled together in rectilinear continuity, so that each piece can be easily handled and installed manually by one or two people. To prevent the panels 2 from becoming too hot (which could cause a significant drop in efficiency), it is envisaged to associate them with an installation (not shown) comprising a water tank, a pump and nozzles. These are arranged on the roof 1 and are arranged to run off the water contained in the tank and pumped by the pump on the panels 3 and cool. At least one of the purlins 30 and / or crosspieces 31 is in the form of a channel disposed under the panels 2 so as to recover all or part of the runoff, which channel then flows into the tank. We work in a closed circuit. TT and 100 KWall-crest. The roof 1 rests on a rigid support structure 4, which structure comprises posts 40 which carry, at their upper end, the frame 3. In the appended figures, the structural sides 4 are open but they can optionally be closed, for example by panels and / or doors. In the example of the accompanying figures, the posts 40 are rectilinear and vertical. Other configurations, however, are conceivable. Their length is between 2 m and 3 m. The posts 4 do not necessarily have the same length, so that the roof 1 is not always located in a horizontal plane, but can be inclined at an angle between 100 and 30 °. This inclination ensures not only a good flow of rainwater or runoff, but also allows to orient the panels 2 optimally to capture a maximum of solar radiation. Referring to Figure 6, the purlins 30 and / or the crosspieces 31 are connected to the posts 40 by removable connecting pieces 41. In the example shown, these parts 41 are in the form of angles or brackets , whose vertical portion is fixed on the posts 40 and the horizontal part (or oblique according to the inclination of the roof 1) on the purlins 30 and / or the crosspieces 31. The parts 41 are preferably made of folded sheet metal or molded plastic. The holding in position is achieved by means of bolts and nuts. Oblong holes 410a, 410b, in which the bolts are positioned, can be provided at the upper end of the posts 40 and on the vertical part of the parts 41, so as to adjust precisely the position of the latter. In an alternative embodiment not shown, the parts 41 may be provided with male elements configured to be introduced into coupling female elements made at the upper end of the posts 40 or purlins 30 and / or sleepers 31. According to FIG. to the invention, the base of the posts 40 has a base 42 opposing the depression of the support structure 4 in the ground. More particularly, this base 42 serves to prevent the posts 40 from sinking into the ground under the weight of the shade. They also provide a certain stability to the latter. In the accompanying figures, this base 42 consists of a rigid rectangular plate of metal or plastic, which is fixed to the lower end of the posts 40, by welding or by means of a removable flange. Advantageously, the base 42 has a length of between 20 cm and 80 cm and a width of between 10 cm and 80 cm. Its thickness is between 20 mm and 60 mm. In a preferred embodiment, its weight is between 40 Kg and 100 Kg, preferably 75 Kg. The base 42 is preferably rectangular, but may equally well be square, polygonal, round, oval, etc.

The fixing of the bases 42 at the lower end of the posts 40, can be orientable (for example by means of a flange connection ball or pivot) and / or telescopic (for example by means of a flange connection slide) of to be able to adapt to the configuration and the leveling of the ground.

According to the invention, weighting means are arranged in a detachable manner along the posts 4, their weight referring to the base 42. These weighting means each have a weight less than or equal to 100 kg, preferably less than 50 kg. kg, so that it can be easily handled manually by one or two people. In this way, it is not useful to design foundations for the posts 40, or concrete bases of the type described in the patent document FR 2,949,243 mentioned above, and which, by their weight, are very difficult to manipulate, except to use specific handling equipment. On the contrary, only one or two people are now useful to build the shade house, on any type of ground, and without having to carry out beforehand any foundation or other structural work. These people can very easily handle and assemble the various components of the shade, and install the weighting means to ballast and maintain its position. The shade can also be easily removed. According to the preferred embodiment illustrated in Figures 1 to 3, the posts 40 have a hollow tubular structure within which are positioned the weighting means 43. In fact, these weighting means 43 are not visible from the outside, but hidden inside the poles. The posts 40 are hollow tubes of rectangular section, 220 mm by 120 mm for example. Hollow tubes of square section, round, oval or other, can obviously be used. The weighting means 43 are preferably masonry blocks stacked inside the hollow tubular structure of the posts 40. To simplify the design and assembly of the shade, the upper end of the posts 40 is open so as to be able to easily insert them. Between 3 and 20 blocks 43 can be stacked in each post 40.

It is also possible to bulk pile masonry blocks in the hollow tubular structure of the posts 40. This solution has the advantage of being able to ballast the posts 40 with falls of building materials that are not marketable as such, and therefore are available at lower cost.

Other similar weighting means may be employed, for example unit blocks of concrete and / or steel, and whose shape is complementary to the hollow tubular structure of the columns 40.

To further ballast the shade, it should be noted that the purlins 30 and / or the crosspieces 31 may also have a hollow tubular structure inside which are positioned other weighting means, particularly of the masonry block type, whole or in pieces. In this case, a weighting of between 30 Kg / m 2 or 50 Kg / m 2 or through or through is provided.

In the variant embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5, the weighting means 43 'are no longer installed inside the posts 40, but around these last ones. The weighting means 43 'are here in the form of concrete blocks installed around the posts 40, which blocks are superposed one above the other, bearing on the base 42.

These blocks 43 'may have a central bore whose shape corresponding to the section of the posts 40, which blocks can thus be threaded around said posts, from their upper end. The blocks can also have a U-shaped or L-shape, allowing their direct staggered arrangement around the posts 40. The latter solution has the advantage of being able to easily install the weighting means 43 ', even though the posts 40 are already 3. Whatever the weighting means used, the weighting of each column 40 is between 200 Kg and 500 Kg. Each post 40 may have the same ballast or a different ballast so as to optimize the distribution of the structure. weight of the shade, and in particular, when it comprises more than two pairs of posts 40. Referring to the example of Figure 3, the support structure 4 comprises at least three pairs of posts: - a first pair 40a being disposed at a first lateral edge of the roof 1, - a second pair 40b being disposed at a second lateral edge of the roof 1, - and a third pair 40c being disposed between the first and second pairs. Such a configuration makes it possible to create two parking spaces: one between the first pair 40a and the third pair 40c, and another being placed between the second pair 40b and the third pair 40c. To optimize the stability of such a shade, it has been demonstrated that the central pair 40c should be more weighted than the other two pairs 40a and 40b.

For example, if the ballasting of each post of the lateral pairs 40a and 40b is about 230 Kg, the ballasting of each post of the central pair 40c is practically double, and between 400 Kg and 500 Kg. - Additional can be achieved by combining the blocks 43 (concrete blocks or 43 ') bars or ingots of steel. As already explained above, the shade object of the invention can be built very easily, without shell and with a minimum of manpower. It is advantageously in the form of a kit (or assembly ready to mount), comprising, in the form of spare parts: - the roof frame 3, and in particular the purlins 30 and / or cross members 31 to be assembled together; photovoltaic panels 2 and fasteners (screws, bolts, ...) for fixing them on the roof frame 3; the posts 40; the fastening elements 41 for connecting the roof frame 3 to the upper end of the posts 40; and the weighting means 43, 43 '. When the user receives this kit, the mounting of the shade is done by positioning directly on the ground of the parking space to be covered, the rigid support structure 4 comprising the posts 40. If the bases 42 are initially disconnected from the posts 40, we will take care to equip them. In the case where the posts 40 are hollow tubular section, the weighting means 43 are inserted therein. Otherwise, the weighting means 43 'may be arranged later around said posts. The roof frame 3, previously formed, is then attached to the upper end of the posts 40, and then held in position. The photovoltaic panels 2 are then fixed on the roof frame 3 so as to form the roof 1.

Claims (12)

REVENDICATIONS1. Shade for vehicle parking area, comprising: - a roof (1) formed of roof elements (2) in the form of photovoltaic panels, - a rigid support structure (4) on which the roof (1) rests , which structure comprises posts (40) which are supported at their upper end with a roof frame (3), the photovoltaic panels (2) being fixed on said frame, characterized by the fact that: - the base posts (40) have a base (42) opposing the depression of the support structure (4) in the ground, - weighting means (43, 43 ') are removably arranged along the poles ( 40) by transferring their weight to the base (42), which weighting means each have a weight less than or equal to 100 Kg. 2. Shade according to claim 1, wherein the posts (40) have a hollow tubular structure inside which are positioned the weighting means (43). 3. Shade according to claim 2, wherein the weighting means (43) are masonry blocks stacked in the hollow tubular structure of the posts (40). 4. Shade according to claim 2, wherein the weighting means (43) are blocks of masonry blocks stacked loose in the hollow tubular structure of the posts (40). An arch according to claim 1, wherein the ballasting means (43 ') is in the form of concrete blocks installed around the posts (40), which blocks are superposed one above the other, by pressing on the base 42. 6. Shade according to one of the preceding claims, wherein: - the support structure (3) comprises at least three pairs of posts: - a first pair (40a) being disposed at a first lateral edge of the roof ( 1), - a second pair (40b) being disposed at a second lateral edge of the roof (1), and a third pair (40c) being disposed between the first pair and the second pair; the third pair (40c) is greater than the ballast of the first pair (40a) and the ballast of the second pair (40b). 7. Shade according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the roof frame (3) is formed of purlins (30) and / or sleepers (31) having a hollow tubular structure inside which are positioned d ' other means of ballasting. 8. Shade according to claim 7, wherein the weighting means are masonry blocks, whole or in pieces, arranged in the hollow tubular structure of the purlins (30) and / or sleepers (31). 9. Shade according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the roof frame (3) is formed of purlins (30) and / or sleepers (31) connected to the posts (40) by removable connecting pieces (41). . 10. Shade according to one of the preceding claims, wherein: - the photovoltaic panels (2) are associated with an installation comprising a water tank, a pump and nozzles, which nozzles are arranged on the roof and arranged to make run off the water on said panels and cool them, - 14 - - the roof frame (3) is formed of purlins (30) and / or sleepers (31), at least one of these purlins and / or sleepers in the form of channel disposed under the photovoltaic panels (2) so as to recover all or part of the runoff, which channel flows into the tank. 11. Assembly ready to mount to construct a vehicle parking area shade, said assembly comprising, in the form of spare parts: - a roof frame (3), - photovoltaic panels (2) forming cover elements, - fasteners for attaching the photovoltaic panels (2) to the roof frame (3), - posts (40) for supporting the roof frame (3) and the photovoltaic panels (2) attached thereto, the base of said posts having a base (42) opposing the depression of the awning in the ground, - fastening elements (41) for fixing the roof frame (3) to the upper end of the posts (40), - Weighting means (43, 43 ') configured to associate with the posts (40) so as to ballast, which weighting means each have a weight less than or equal to 100 Kg. 12. A method of constructing a shade for a vehicle parking area, comprising the following steps: - positioning, on the ground, a rigid support structure (4) comprising support posts (40), - fix at the upper end poles (40), a roof frame (3), - fixing photovoltaic panels (2) on the roof frame (3) so as to form a roof (1), characterized in that said method comprises in in addition to the steps of: - 15 - - equipping the base of the posts (40) with a base (42) opposing the depression of the support structure (4) in the ground, - associate with the posts (40), removable weighting means (43, 43 ') whose unit weight is less than or equal to 100 Kg.5