FR2942828A1 - SEALED SURFACE STRUCTURE COVERED WITH SOLAR PANELS, WITH FRAME. - Google Patents

Abstract

Structure formed of carriers (10, 110) with a rectangular body (11) whose top receives the screws of the joint cover (30) and the underside has a groove (13) for attachment to the infrastructure. The body (11) is bordered on each side by an upper flange (14) to receive the solar panel (50), a transverse stop (12) for the edge of the panel (50) and a lower flange (16) bordered by a channel (17). A longitudinal wedge (20) in the form of a square locks against the body (11) and its transverse branch (21-2) projects to retain the panel (50). Coverings (30) attached to the carriers (10) cover the edge of the panel (50) and provide a high transverse stop for the panel (50).

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a surface-sealed structure covered with solar panels with a frame, a surface-sealed structure covered with solar panels with a frame, installed on an infrastructure and comprising profiles forming carriers, installed in the direction the slope of the covered surface, and forming locations each receiving a solar panel. State of the art 10 The solar panels, ie the most widely diffused photovoltaic panels at present, are panels composed of a photovoltaic plate constituted in fact for example by two panes enclosing a photovoltaic circuit, this voltaic plate. being surrounded by a frame of a certain thickness to stiffen the panel and allow its installation in defined locations in a covered area installed on an infrastructure such as a roof or a roof structure. However, among the diversity of solar panel installations of this type, there are no such that can achieve in a simple manner, surfaces covered with panels that are waterproof and can actually replace a traditional roof. In addition, the known installations provide for the successive placement of the panels by fixing means and possibly sealing such that it is not possible to disassemble any panel inside the covered surface for replace it in case of failure. Although photovoltaic panels are, in principle, highly reliable because they consist of static elements, it happens that on a large number of installed panels, some fail and require replacement. If they are not replaced, they reduce the photovoltaic efficiency of the installation by the same amount. However, to replace them, it is generally necessary to dismantle all panels already installed and located upstream of the panel to be replaced and also the adjacent panels, starting from an edge of the covered area. This represents a long and therefore expensive intervention.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to develop a surface-sealed structure covered with solar panels with frame, permitting an easy and rapid installation of the frames and, above all, a sealing of the covered surface while guaranteeing accessibility. easy to any panel or set of panels inside the surface covered by the panels for maintenance or remacement work. DESCRIPTION AND ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION For this purpose, the invention relates to a surface-sealed structure covered with solar panels with a frame of the type defined above, characterized in that A- the profile forming the carrier has a section with a rectangular body of which - the top is free for the screws of the carrier joint cover, and - the underside, a groove for its attachment to the infrastructure, - the body being bordered on each side by * a high wing with a location for the joint receiving the edge of the solar panel, * a transverse stop for the edge of the panels, * a low wing bordered by a channel, B- a longitudinal wedge in the shape of a square whose longitudinal branch is blocked against the body of the wearer and the branch transverse projecting into the span to define the location and retain the lower edge of a panel placed in this location, C- the underside of the high wings and the top of the lower wings of the wearer have tabs of delimiting housings with the corresponding side of the body to receive the longitudinal branch of the longitudinal shim, the other branch of which protrudes into the span, D- covers attached to the carriers to cover at least the edge of the panel of a location or two panels of two locations on either side of the carrier and constitute a high transverse stop for the edges of the panels, the underside of the joint covers being lined with a seal.

According to another advantageous characteristic, the longitudinal shim comprises a bracket whose longitudinal leg is provided with a locking member coming behind the tongues and a bolt passing through the longitudinal arm and the locking member to clamp the two.

3 tabs and block the wedge, the transverse branch overflowing above the body of the carrier to receive abutting the lower edge of the frame of the panel associated with the location defined by the longitudinal wedge. According to another advantageous characteristic, a transverse groove supported on the edge of the duct of the carriers on both sides of the span is retained below the interval of the lower edge of a panel and the upper edge of the following panel, by the longitudinal wedges. associated with this panel interval in the span. According to another advantageous characteristic, the intermediate seals interposed between the lower edge of a panel and the upper edge of the next panel. Drawings The present invention will be described in detail below with the aid of embodiments of sealed surface structures covered with framed solar panels shown in the accompanying drawings in which: - Figure 1 is a cross-section schematic of a structural span according to the invention, delimited by two carriers receiving solar panels, - Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the establishment of a solar panel in a location of a span between two carriers FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a first embodiment of a carrier and its cover, FIG. 4 is a sectional view of an alternative embodiment of a carrier with its FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view of a solar panel installed in a span provided with carriers such as those of FIG. 4; FIG. 6 is a side view of the junction of the lower edge and FIG. from the top edge of two successive solar panels and the longitudinal wedge defining the position of a panel, - Figure 7 is a sectional view similar to that of Figure 1 of an alternative embodiment of sealed structure according to the invention. With frame solar panels, FIG. 8 shows another variant with another carrier according to the invention. According to FIG. 1, the invention relates to a surface-sealed structure covered by solar panels 50 with a frame. The example is limited to the presentation of a span (T) cut transversely and bordered by two profiles forming carriers defining the span. The carriers 10 are installed in the direction of the slope of the covered surface. These carriers 10 receive longitudinal shims 20 to define the locations (E) of solar panels 50 whose lower edge bears against the longitudinal shims 20 and the lateral edges 53 are covered by carrier strips 30; they overlap the edges 53 of the panel 50 being each connected to a carrier 10 by self-tapping screws screwed into the top of the carriers as shown schematically by the ZZ axis line. Transversally, under the junction of the upper edge of one panel and the lower edge of the next panel in the direction of the slope, the spans (T) are crossed by gutters (40) supported on the edge of the channels 17 of the lower flanges. 16 of the carriers 10. These gutters are retained by the two longitudinal shims 20, homologous, so as to collect the water that may ooze in the transverse gap between two solar panels; this infiltration water is discharged into the channels 17 of the carriers 10. FIG. 2 is a sectional view similar to that of FIG. 1 but before the solar panel 50 is placed in the location (E) defined by the 10 and the two longitudinal shims 20 and before the blocking of the joint covers 30. This view shows the structure of the solar panel 50 formed of the photovoltaic plate 51 consists of two panes taking a sandwich a photovoltaic circuit whose connections do not are not detailed. This plate 51 is surrounded by a frame 52 having, in its upper part, two branches 52-1 which overlap the edge 53 of the plate 51 and continue below by a lateral branch 52-2 of stiffening with a return 52-3. The assembly constitutes a rigid panel which is installed and fixed in a location (E) defined in the span (T) between two carriers 10 and their joint plates 30. 35 The joint covers 30 are represented in the alignment of their mounting position along line ZZ. These crenellated joint covers 30 with a base 31 and two wings 32, the underside of which is provided with a seal 33, are intended to clamp the edge 53 of the panel 50 against the wing 14, which is provided with a seal 14-1 on each of the carriers 10; the assembly is tightened by a screw passing through the base 31 of the joint cover 30 and coming to be threaded and screwed into the top 11-3 of the wearer's body 10. FIG. 3 shows in more detail the shape of the section of a first embodiment of a profile constituting a carrier 10 and the associated carrier seal cover 30. The carrier 10 consists of a body 11 of rectangular section, upright, the underside is provided with a groove 13 for fixing the carrier to the infrastructure. The top 11-3 is provided with a V-shaped deformation 11-4, if necessary of reinforced thickness, through which the assembly screws of the joint cover 30 pierce and tap a hole for screw it in. The body 11 is bordered, in the upper part, by two upper wings 14 on either side. These high wings 14 each have a transverse stop 12. In the lower part, the body 11 comprises on each side, a lower flange 16 continuing outwardly through a channel 17 of square or rectangular section. The underside of the upper wing 14 and the top of the lower wing 16 are each provided with a plate 14-1, 16-1, forming fastening elements of the longitudinal shims 20. The side wall 11-1 of the body 11 is also provided in the middle with a reinforcement 11-2 constituting a support for another means of fixing a longitudinal shim. The carrier seal 30 associated with this carrier 10 is, as already indicated, in the form of a slot having a base 31 and two ai-32 whose bottom is lined with a seal 33. The joint cover 30 is fixed above the holder 11-3 10 by screws, installed in the direction of the ZZ axis through the screwing zone 11-4 of the body 11. Figure 4 shows a variant of the carrier section 110 and its associated 130 carrier covers. This section of the carrier 110 is distinguished from the carrier section 10 mainly by the shape of the body 111, wide and reinforced. The top 111-3 has on its upper wings 114, two transverse stops 112 and on both sides of the median plane MM, a housing 113 bordered by two slats 113-1. the other elements of this carrier 110 are identical or similar to those of the carrier 10 of FIG. 3 and have references increased by 100; their detailed description will not be repeated.

6 The joint cover 130 associated with this carrier 110 is in fact constituted by two joint covers 130a, 130b, identical or, at least, symmetrical with respect to the median plane MM to each cap the edge of the associated solar panel and receive between them shims 60 as shown in Figure 5. Figure 5 is an installation variant taken in section, at an edge of the covered surface. The carrier 110 delimits the side of a span whose locations are occupied by solar panels 50 clamped by the right joint cover 130b against the upper wing 114 with the interposition of a seal 115. The blocking of the panel 50 is provided by the joint 130b screwed in the reinforcement of the 111-4 V-shaped deformation of the upper 111-3 of the body 111. One of the wings 132 is supported on the panel 50 while the other wing 132 of the same cover 130b seal is based on a shim 60 formed by a tube segment of appropriate length. This shim 60 is placed upright in the housing 113 between the slats 113-1 so as to firmly support the joint cover 130b. The shim 60 also serves to support the other cover 130a which retains a trim piece 70 covering the edge of the structure. This dressing part 70 is constituted by an angled profile comprising a descending branch 71 and an upper branch 72 with an inner lip 73 provided with a flared portion 73-1 so as to cap a blade 84 carried by a body member. This fixing member 80 is composed of a support plate 81 and a locking member 82, constituted by a parallelogram-shaped part, which is wedged in the seat. housing behind the slats 114-1, 116-1 and the two clamps are clamped against the slats by a bolt 83 receiving the blade 84. the blade 84 may comprise a slide allowing a telescopic mounting taking into account different installation heights for the same profile forming the dressing room. Several such fasteners 80 are distributed over the length of the carrier 110. The trim piece 70 may be in one piece. FIG. 6 shows the detail of a longitudinal shim 20 and its installation between two solar panels 50n, 50n-1, in a path inclined at an angle α with respect to the horizontal. The top panel 50n is retained by the longitudinal shim 20 as shown and the panel 50n-1, which follows directly the panel 50n in the direction of the

7 ash of the span, is retained by a longitudinal shim 50 as shown but located below. According to FIGS. 1, 2 and 6, the longitudinal wedge 20 is composed of a bracket 21 whose longitudinal branch 21-1 is applied against the front of the slats 14-1 and 16-1 and the other branch 21-2 of this square part 21-2 is higher than the previous one and is placed in front of the lower edge 52-4 of the panel 50n (in the direction of the slope) to retain the panel 50n. This transverse branch 21-2, the shape of which appears clearly in FIGS. 1 and 2, protrudes into the span from the carrier not shown in FIG. 6. The bracket 21 is clamped against the lamellae 14-1, 16-1 by a support plate 22 and a bolt 23. The support plate 22 is a parallelogram-like piece as the support plate 82 and has the same function.

The gap between the bottom edge of the panel 50n and the top edge of the panel 50n-1 is occupied by a seal 90, sealing. The seal 90 may be recessed relative to the upper contour of the panels to allow to put on the top a bead of silicone 91 completing the seal.

In a manner analogous to that already described in FIG. 5, the blocking of the longitudinal shim 20 against the carrier 11 (not shown in FIG. 6) is as shown in the combination of FIGS. 1, 2 and 6, by clamping the lamellae 14-1 and 16-1 between the plate 21-1 and the locking member 22 similar to the locking member 80. It consists of a piece of tube or U-shaped section, cut in bias on both sides so as to be introduced into the housing between the slats 14-1 and 16-1 and then, by pivoting, come to hang behind the slats and be clamped against them by the longitudinal branch 21-1 and the bolt 23. FIG. 7 shows another variant of assembly with a carrier 210 whose profile is slightly different from that of FIG. 3 because of the elimination of the transverse stops and the production of a groove 213 able to receive a cover snap joint not shown. The solar panels 50 are placed on the upper wings 214 of this carrier 210 and their spacing is maintained by the joint cover 130 identical to those already described. The joints interposed between the wings 132 of the joint cover 130 and the top of the panels 50 as well as the joints between the upper wings 214 of the body 211 of the carrier 210 and the underside of the frame of the panel 50 are not shown.

The other elements of this embodiment are identical to those described in FIG. 3 and bear the same references increased by 200. Their description will not be repeated. FIG. 8 shows another variant of the surface waterproofing structure covered with frame solar panels according to the invention. In this variant, the carrier 310 has a structure slightly different from that of FIG. 3 in that the top 311-3 of the body 311 is provided with two housings 313. The panels 50 come to bear against the outer lamellae 313-1 dwellings 313 with interposition of joints; the joint cover 130 overlaps the upper edge of the two panels and keeps them pressed against the upper wings 314 of the carrier 310 by screwing along the axis ZZ using self-tapping screws not shown. It should be noted that the seals used in the different waterproof structures according to the invention are more or less elastic joints, sealing and resistant to temperature variations and UV rays, weather and saline environments. 20 NOMENCLATURE

10 Carrier 11 Body 11-1 Side wall 11-2 Reinforcement 11-3 Top 11-4 Screwing area 12 Lateral stop 13 Groove 14 High wing 14-1 Slat 16 Low wing 16-1 Slat 17 Canal Longitudinal wedge 21 Angle 21- 1 Longitudinal branch 20 21-2 Cross branch 22 Support plate 23 Bolt

30 Carrier Cover 30a Cover 30b Cover 31 Base 32 Wing 33 Gasket 40 Gutter

50 Solar panel 50n Solar panel 35 50n-1 Solar panel 51 Photovoltaic plate 52 Panel frame 52-1 Fixing branch 52-2 Side branch 52-3 Back 52-4 Bottom edge 53 Side edge 60 Thickness gauge

70 Cladding piece 71 Downward branch 72 Upper branch 73 Lip 73-1 Flared portion

80 Fastener 81 Support plate 82 Locking element 83 Bolt 84 Blade 90 Gasket 91 Silicone cord

110 Carrier 111 Body 111-1 Side wall 111-2 Reinforcement 111-3 Top 111-4 Screwing area 112 Transverse stop 113 Housing 113-1 Slat 114 High wing 114-1 Slat 115 Joint 116 Low wing 116-1 Slat 117 Canal 130 Cover 130a Left Cover 130b Right Cover 131 Base 132 Wing 133 Gasket

210 Carrier 211 Body 213 Housing 214 Wing high 216 Wing low 217 Canal 310 Carrier 311 Body 311-3 Body top 313 Housing 313-1 Blade 314 High wing 316 Low wing 317 Canal

T Span E Location ZZ Axis MM Median plane at Slope of installation30

Claims (1)

CLAIMS 1 °) Watertight surface structure covered with solar panels with frame, installed on an infrastructure and comprising profiled forming carriers, installed in the direction of the slope of the covered surface, and forming sleepers so as to define locations receiving each a solar panel, characterized in that A- the profile forming the carrier (10, 110), has a section with a rectangular body (11, 111), of which 10 - the top is free for the screws of the joint cover of carrier (30, 130), and - the underside, a groove (13, 113) for attachment to the infrastructure, - the body (11, 111) being bordered on each side by * a high wing (14, 114). with a location for the seal receiving the edge of the solar panel (50), * a transverse stop (12, 112) for the edge of the panels (50), * a low wing (16, 116) bordered by a channel (17, 117), B- a longitudinal wedge (20) in the form of a square (21) whose longitudinal branch (21-1 ) hangs against the body (11, 111) of the carrier (10, 110) and the transverse branch (21-2) projects into the span to define the location (E) and retain the lower edge (52- 4) of a panel (50) placed in this location, C- the underside of the upper wings and the top of the lower wings of the wearer have tabs (14-1, 16-1) delimiting housing with the right side. corresponding to the body for receiving the longitudinal branch (21-1) of the longitudinal shim (20), the other leg (21-2) protrudes into the span (T), D- joint covers (30, 130 ) fixed to the carriers (10, 110) to cover at least the edge (53) of the panel (50) of a location or two panels (50) of two locations on either side of the carrier (10, 110 and forming a high transverse abutment for the edges (52-4) of the panels (50), the underside of the joint covers (30, 130) being provided with a seal (33, 133). 2 °) Structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the longitudinal shim (20) comprises a bracket (21) whose longitudinal leg (21-1) is provided with a locking member (22) coming from behind tongues (14-1, 16-1) and a bolt (23) passing through the longitudinal leg (21-1) and the locking member (22) to clamp the two tabs (14-1, 16-1) and lock the wedge (20), the transverse branch (21-2) projecting above the body of the carrier (11) to abut the lower edge (52-4) of the frame (52) of the panel (50) associated with the location (E) defined by this longitudinal wedge (20). 3) Structure according to claim 1, characterized by a transverse channel (40) supported on the edge of the channel (17, 117) of the carriers (10, 110) on both sides of the span (T) and retained by the longitudinal wedges 15 (20) associated with this panel interval in the span. 4) Structure according to claim 1, characterized by intermediate joints (90) interposed between the lower edge of a pan-20neau (50n) and the upper edge of the panel (5On-1) following.