FR2933473A1 - NEW VEGETABLE MATERIAL - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is in the field of materials, particularly insulating materials. It particularly relates to a material based posidonia, and a method of manufacture and uses of this material.

Description

The present invention is in the field of materials, particularly insulating materials. It particularly relates to a material based posidonia, and a method of manufacture and uses of this material. The thermal and / or sound insulation makes it possible to limit heat and sound exchanges between two systems. Thermal insulation is a material with low thermal conductivity, it can limit heat leakage (cooling) or heat input (keep cool). A material that limits phonic exchange can isolate against noise by reducing the propagation of the sound passing through it. Thermal and sound insulation is an important issue in the building industry in general; isolate phonically is also an important issue in the road (especially highway), where noise barriers prevent the noise of vehicles disturbing residents.

It should be noted, however, that sound and / or thermal insulation is not limited only to the building field, but affects many other areas in which the invention can also be used. In recent years, and especially following the problems posed by asbestos, a constant effort has been made to improve the ecobalance of insulation, with less toxic materials and less ecotoxic, recycled or recyclable, low energy consumption. Such insulation is increasingly imposed or encouraged by some communities. Good thermal insulation saves energy. The environmental issue is important, especially since thermal and sound insulation can be made with so-called "ecological" materials. As energy becomes more and more expensive, and in the case of some sources, more and more rare, it is an important issue to save money. It would be interesting to develop a good quality insulation, based on natural product, inexpensive, which in addition would use a polluting waste as main constituent. This is one of the aims of the present invention. In the present text, material is understood to mean a product that is rigid and non-deformable and that is an insulating material, a solid material that makes it possible to limit thermal and / or phonic exchanges between two systems, that is to say that avoids leakage or leakage. heat input, and / or which limits the propagation of noise. Posidonia (Posidonia) is a genus of aquatic plants of the family Posidoniaceae. Although they live underwater, they are not algae, but underwater monocotyledonous flowering plants (angiosperms). Like all flowering plants, they have roots, and reproduce thanks to the fruits they produce.

There are 9 posidonia species (Posidonia angustifolia, Posidonia australis, Posidonia coriacea, Posidonia denhartogii, Posidonia kirkmanii, Posidonia oceanica, Posidonia ostenfeldii, Posidonia robertsoniae, Posidonia sinuosa), 8 of which occur on Australian coasts and 1, Posidonia oceanica. is endemic to the Mediterranean. When the Posidonia die, the sea rejects them on the coast. These plants form important heaps called posidonia benches. These benches are a waste pollutant and produce an olfactory discomfort. It is understood that there is a need to find a use to enhance the sub-product posidonia accumulated on the coast, and that there is also a need for good quality insulation material, inexpensive, and competitive with existing products on the market. Surprisingly and unexpectedly, the inventors have found that the posidonia have an important insulating power, and based on this discovery have developed a posidonia-based material that can be used as an insulating material.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a new insulating material based on posidonia. Thus, the subject of the present invention is a material, particularly an insulating material, based on posidonia and further comprising at least one binder and a percentage of sodium bisulfite to avoid any rotting or deterioration of the finished product. According to the invention, the posidonia can be any plant of the family Posidoniaceae regardless of their origin, harvested in place or rejected by the sea, which once harvested or rejected are cleaned to separate them from other waste present on the coast (sand, plastics, wood, glass, string, etc ...). The posidonia which can be used according to the invention may originate from a single species or several species. In the material according to the invention the posidonia can be in any conceivable form such as for example whole plants (leaves, flowers, roots, rhizomes and fruits), parts of the plant such as leaves or a mixture of different parts of the plant without it being possible to speak of a whole plant. Advantageously according to the invention, the insulating material is based on whole plants or leaves of posidonia. According to the invention the posidonia can be used dried, that is to say free of external water, or dehydrated, that is to say having lost a large part of their internal water. Preferably, it will be possible to use posidonia in dried form. According to the invention, the posidonia can be used in whole form or reduced into pieces of varied size. Preferably, according to the invention, it is possible to use pieces of posidonia with a size of between 0.1 and 5 cm, preferably between 1 and 3 cm. According to the invention, the binder may be any product having satisfactory viscosity characteristics to occupy all the interstices when it is mixed with a product such as, for example, posidonia (whole or fragmented), and making it possible to form, after drying of the mixture, a rigid and non-deformable product. Preferably, the binder is chosen from an adhesive or a resin. Those skilled in the art will know how to dilute the binder according to the viscosity that it wishes to obtain in order to obtain a homogeneous mixture having a maximum distribution.

According to a variant of the invention, the glue may be any product of liquid or gelatinous nature used to bind parts together, which may be of the same nature or different materials. By way of example, mention may be made of glues of vegetable origin (for example those based on mistletoe, resinous sap), glues of animal origin (for example those obtained by baking materials rich in collagen such as rabbit skin glue, bone glue, nerve glue, tendon glue, fish glue), synthetic glues (such as for example vinyl glues (white glue), acrylic, aliphatic, cyanoacrylate, polyurethane, epoxy, neoprene, "hot melt"). Advantageously according to the invention, a vinyl glue can be used.

Advantageously still according to the invention the glue can be a mixture of different glues. According to another variant of the invention, the resin may be any type of resin such as a natural resin such as caseins, celluloses and their derivatives such as starch or resins of plant origin, produced by certain plants , especially coniferous conifers such as Anguthis australis or kauri, conifers of Pinus or Picea species, as well as some species of Callistris which give the resin known as sandarac, or a synthetic resin such as a thermosetting resin. In this regard, mention may be made of phenol-formaldehyde, resorcin-formaldehyde, urea-formaldehyde, melamine-formaldehyde, polyurethane or adhesives based on thermoplastic resins such as polyamides and polyvinyl ethers. According to the invention, it is preferable to use a polyester resin, for example such as those sold by ASHLAND. According to the invention, the volume of binder per unit volume of posidonia used in the material is a volume which makes it possible to obtain at the end of the process a non-deformable and rigid material.

Thus according to the invention, the ratio of the volume of binder to the volume of posidonia that can be used, before solidification, can be between 0.01 and 0.5, preferably between 0.02 and 0.1. For example, when the raw material consists solely of the leaves of posidonia, the ratio of the volume of binder to the volume of posidonia can be between 0.02 and 0.05, preferably between 0.03 and 0.04. Similarly, when the raw material consists of a coarse grind or a fine grind of posidonia, the ratio of the volume of binder to the volume of posidonia can be between 0.03 and 0.07, preferably between 0.04 and 0.04. and 0.06. According to the invention, the material can take all the shapes and all the desired volumes. The skilled person will adapt the shape and volume of the material according to the invention according to the constraints it may encounter. Thus the material according to the invention may be in the form of flakes usable in projection, slabs, bricks, blocks, all of various shapes and volumes and varied. According to the invention, the ratio of the thickness of the material to the posidonia volume that can be used, after solidification can be between 0.001 and 0.1, preferably between 0.005 and 0.05. According to the invention, the thermal conductivity coefficient of the final material may be between 0.01 and 0.2, preferably between 0.05 and 0.15. According to the invention, the density of the final material may be between 0.1 and 0.75, preferably between 0.15 and 0.6. According to the invention, the sodium bisulfite may be in an amount of between 5% and 15%, preferably between 8% and 12%. A preferred material according to the invention may be a material whose ratio of the thickness to the posidonia volume is greater than 0.05, the ratio of the volume of binder to the volume of posidonia is less than 0.039, the coefficient of thermal conductivity is less than 0.063 and the density less than 0.35 and which contains 10% sodium bisulfite. The invention further relates to a process for producing the material according to the invention which comprises: - a first step during which pre-harvested posidonies are rinsed; - a second stage during which the posidonia of all bodies are ridded; foreigners; a third step during which the posidonia obtained in step 2 is dried; a fourth step during which the dried posidonies in step 3 are mixed with the binder; - A fifth solidification step of the mixture obtained in step 4. According to the invention, the first rinsing step can be carried out by any means using water, preferably soft, optionally under pressure. Advantageously, this step can be performed by soaking the posidonia in a body of water in rapid movements caused by compressed air blowing.

According to the invention, the third stage of the process can be carried out by any means allowing the drying and / or the dehydration of the posidonia. In this respect, it is possible to cite the drying in the open air or in a dryer, for example a tunnel heated to 60 ° C. and ventilated. A simple and effective way of drying posidonia can be drying in the open air.

According to the invention, the fourth step of the process can be carried out by any means allowing a homogeneous mixture of the binder and posidonia obtained in the previous step. By way of example, mention may be made of a manual mixture, a mixture through a concrete mixer or industrial mixers. Preferably, step 4 can be carried out with a concrete mixer, the blades of which have advantageously been removed. According to the invention, the mixing step can be interrupted when the mixture is homogeneous and before the binder dries. According to the invention, the fifth step of the process can be carried out by any means allowing the solidification of the mixture obtained in step 4. According to a variant of the process, the solidification of the mixture can be carried out by drying in the open air during a time between 900 and 4320 minutes, preferably between 2160 and 2880 minutes. According to a variant of the process, the solidification of the mixture can be carried out by mechanical means such as an oven, an oven or hot plate presses. Advantageously, the drying can be carried out in an oven, at a drying temperature which can be between 130 ° C. and 170 ° C., preferably between 145 ° C. and 155 ° C., for a time that may be between 15 and 75 ° C. minutes, preferably between 30 and 60 minutes. According to a preferred variant of the invention, the drying can be carried out in an oven, by adding a second drying step in which the drying temperature can be between 55 ° C. and 85 ° C., preferably between 65 ° C. and 75 ° C, for a time which may be between 50 and 130 minutes, preferably between 60 and 120 minutes.

The step of solidification of the mixture can be carried out on clumps of material. Preferably, before drying, the material can be shaped to the desired shapes and volumes. For example, said mixture may be introduced into molds of the desired shapes and volumes and then subjected to the solidification step.

According to a variant of the process, in step 5, the mixture can be introduced into a mold and subjected to a pressure, said pressure being able to depend on the thickness of the mold and the drying temperature. The skilled person will be able to adapt his variables according to the constraints he will encounter and the material he wants to obtain. By way of example, the pressure exerted on the mixture can thus vary between 5 and 30 bar, preferably between 10 and 20 bar, until solidification and drying of the product. According to yet another variant of the invention, the method may further comprise an additional step of grinding posidonia before use. This step then takes place between step 3 and step 4 of the process according to the invention. According to this variant, the grinding may be carried out by any means or device making it possible to obtain posidonia pieces having a size ranging from 0.1 to 5 cm, preferably from 1 to 3 cm. By way of example, mention may be made of garden shredders or industrial shredders. Whatever the process used, the material obtained has insulating qualities both thermal and phonic, very important. In addition, the product obtained is non-flammable and rot-proof, has excellent flame resistance and a coefficient of thermal conduction of the weakest. Another significant advantage, the product according to the invention is not harmful and can safely be used in building construction, particularly flocking instead of asbestos. Yet another advantage of the invention is that the material is moisture resistant particularly when the binder is a resin. The present invention also relates to an insulating material obtainable by the method according to the invention. The subject of the invention is also the use of a material according to the invention as thermal and / or phonic insulation.

The invention can be used in any type of construction whose insulation can be desired, such as residential houses, offices, buildings, boats, airplanes, or in fire doors, in walls anti-noise, as insulation of pipes, in laboratories to isolate high-tech devices, in the aerospace, in all structures to be protected from flames, etc. The following examples illustrate the present application without limiting it. Samples were subjected to a flame to characterize their fire resistance. Unless otherwise indicated, the density of the samples is measured by the ratio of the weight of the sample in kg to the volume of the sample expressed in dm3. Similarly, the temperature of the non-flame-exposed faces is measured by means of a thermometer bonded to said face, such as for example an alcohol thermometer used in agriculture. In the following examples the nature of the raw material is described according to RAW MATERIAL - EXCEL: Only the leaves of posidonia. - B.G .: coarse grinding - B.F .: fine grinding and binders according to BINDERS - S.D.: undiluted white glue - SD + C10: undiluted white glue + plus 10% of sodium bisulphite. - A.D.: diluted white glue - Medium + C10: white glue diluted with 50% water plus 10% sodium bisulphite. - R 100: Resin ASHLA ND Polyester SAS 4600031 HETRON F 820 UN 1866 10 Example 1. Fire resistance tests in the presence of a torch flame: (Sample Al) A sample of material according to the invention with a thickness of 20 mm and 0.45 density is made from 7.5 dm3 of dry raw material EXCEL quality and 0.75 dm3 of binder SD + C10, oven dried for 1440 minutes at 70 ° C under a pressure of 10.25 bars, was subjected to the flame of a plumber professional torch for 3 minutes at a distance of 7 centimeters between the exit of the flame and the sample. The sample did not ignite and was charred to a maximum depth of 2 mm. EXAMPLE 2 Fire Resistance Tests in the Presence of a Soldering Lamp Flame: (Sample A11) A sample of material according to the invention having a thickness of 20 mm and a density of 0.43 is made from 20 dm 3 of dry raw material of EXCEL quality and 0.66 dm3 of Medium + C10 binder, dried in an oven for 60 min at 120 ° C, then 180 min at 70 ° C, at a pressure of 5.3 bar and was subjected to the flame of a soldering lamp directed at a fixed point for 10 minutes at a distance of 10 centimeters from the exit of the flame concentrated on a fixed point of the sample.

The sample did not ignite and was carbonized to a depth of 2 mm with no increase in temperature on the unexposed side of the flame. A sample of material according to the invention having a thickness of 20 mm and a density of 0.46 is made from 35 dm 3 of dry raw material of EXCEL quality and 1.07 dm 3 of binder Medium + C 10, dried. in an oven for 60 min at 120 ° C and then 180 min at 70 ° C, under a pressure of 12.5 bar, and was subjected to the flame of a torch for 15 minutes at a distance of 20 centimeters of the output of the flame concentrated on a fixed point of the sample. The sample did not ignite and was charred to a depth of 10 mm. (sample B1) A sample of material according to the invention having a thickness of 20 mm and a density of 0.51 is made from 10 dm3 of dry raw material of BG quality and 0.66 dm3 of Medium + binder. C10, dried in an oven for 60 minutes at 150 ° C. and then 120 minutes at 100 ° C. under a pressure of 10.7 bars, was subjected to the flame of a torch for 10 minutes at a distance of 7 minutes. centimeters and swept over the entire surface of the sample. The sample did not ignite and was charred to a depth of 1 mm, with no evidence of flammability, and charring 10mm deep. (Sample X2) A sample of material according to the invention having a thickness of 17 mm and a density of 0.49 is made from 5 dm 3 of dry raw material of BG quality and 0.5 dm 3 of R100 binder. dried in an oven for 180 minutes at 70 ° C under a pressure of 12.5 bar, was subjected to the flame of a welding lamp at a distance of 7 cm between the exit of the flame and the sample during 10 minutes. The material has a metal appearance, is compact and strong. A slight carbonization of a depth of less than 1 mm has been observed. In addition, the material exhibits no deformation of its structure after immersion in water for 28 hours. Example 3: Heat resistance tests Samples of the material according to the invention were tested for their heat resistance. This was done using a forge oven. The tested samples were cut according to the shape of the forge oven door used; The oven is heated to between 650 ° C and 700 ° C and the samples are placed in the oven opening. The depth of carbonization of the face in relation with the inside of the oven is determined after a time of 10 min. exposure, and measuring the rise in temperature on the other side. Two samples were used: o (sample A6) A sample of material according to the invention with a thickness of 30 mm and a density of 0.43 is made from 8 dm3 of dry raw material of EXCEL grade, and 0.965 dm 3 of Medium + C10 binder, dried in an oven for 30 minutes at 100 ° C and then 120 min at 60 ° C under a pressure of 400 bar. (sample J2.3) A sample of material according to the invention with a thickness of 35 mm and a density of 0.64 is made from 15 dm3 of dry raw material of BG quality and 0.750 dm3 of medium + C10 binder. dried in an oven for 160 minutes at 120 ° C. under a pressure of 5 bar. The two samples tested were cut according to the shape of the forge oven door used; The oven is heated to between 650 and 700 ° C and the samples are placed in the oven opening. After 15 min, a carbonization of the face in relation to the inside of the oven of the order of a half millimeter is observed, while on the opposite side, the temperature remained acceptable, of the order of 4 ° C above ambient temperature. Example 4. Calculation of the coefficient of thermal conductivity: In the practical calculations, it is generally accepted that the variation of the thermal conductivity of the material as a function of the temperature is linear and the "lambda" coefficient which characterizes the conductivity of the substance with its density "d" by empirical formulas such as the following: LAMBDA = 0.9 (d / 5 + d4 / 30); (lambda represents a system of unity based on the consideration of the kilocalorie). The values are given in W. (m) - '. (° k) -' and in k.cal (m) -1. (H) - '. (° k) -'. (References: International Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, Volume 7) The coefficient of thermal conductivity is determined by subjecting the sample of material according to the invention to a temperature of 105 ° C obtained by a hot air flow from a hair dryer placed 20 cm from the surface of the material for a period of 30 minutes. (sample J2.4) A sample of material according to the invention with a thickness of 10 mm and a density of 0.53 is made from 5 dm3 of dry raw material of BG quality and 0.25 dm3 of binder Medium. + C10, dried in an oven for 160 minutes at 120 ° C under a pressure of 10 bar. The coefficient of thermal conductivity of the sample is 0.098 kcal (m) - 1. (h) "(k)", for a temperature of 12 ° C, and a temperature downstream of 105 ° C, which places it in the category of materials like Eternit. (Sample X2) A sample of material according to the invention with a thickness of 17 mm and a density of 0.49 is made from 5 dm 3 of dry raw material of BG quality and 0.5 dm 3 of dried R100 binder. in an oven for 180 minutes at 70 ° C, under a pressure of 12.5 bar, was subjected to the flame of a lamp to be welded a distance of 7 cm between the exit of the flame and the sample for 10 min , has a thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.069 kcal (m) -1 (h) "(k)", for a temperature of 107 ° C, and a temperature downstream of 7.5 °. This places it in the category of materials such as felts, bituminous corks, magnesia. The experience of the inventors enabled them to establish the following Table B on the basis of an evaluation of each criterion according to the following Table A, it being understood that 1 star = mediocre, 2 stars = good, 3 stars = very good, 4 stars = excellent. Table A Ratio ThicknessNolume mp x <0.005 * 0.005 <x <0.05 x> 0.05 "Ir Ratio Volume IiantNolume mp x> 0.066 * 0.039 <x <0.066 ** x <0, 039, w, * Conductivity Coefficient thermal ce> 0.12 0.12> cct> 0.09 0.09> cct> 0.063 *** this <0.063 IF *** Density d> 0.55 * 0.45 <d <0.55 0, 35 <d <0.45 ** d <0.35 **** Table B Sample I II III IV VI VI VII VIII IX Al ** * ** ** ** *** * *** 16 A2 ** * ** lek ** * * 12 A6 *** * ** ** ** *** * *** 17 A7 ** * ** ** ** ** * * 13 Al 0 ** * * * *** * *** 13 Al1 * * ,,. B. ** ** A. * *** * *** 17 Al2 * *** ** o. * ** A 13 * ** * ** ** ** *** * *** 17 A14 * *** *** *** *** *** * ** 19 B1 ** ** *** *** *** ** * ** 18 B2 *** *** *** *** ** * * 1 8 B3 ** ** *** *** *** *** * *** 20 B4 ** ** ** nt *** *** ** * 1 8 C3 ** *** ** ** ** ** * * 15 Dl ** ** *** *** *** ** * * 17 D3 ** ** ** * ** J2.3 ** ** *** *** *** * * * 16 J2.4 ** ** *** *** *** ** * ** 18 L1 ** ** *** *** *** *** * *** 20 L2 ** ** *** *** *** *** * *** 20 X2 * ** * **** **** **** *** * ** ** 24 I: Ratio of the material thickness to the posidonia volume. II: ratio of the volume of binder to the volume of posidonia. III: Compressive Strength IV: Tensile Strength V: Shock Resistance VI: Thermal Conductivity Coefficient VII: Resistance to Moisture VIII: Density IX: Quality Level (Total Stars)

Sample A2: Material according to the invention having a thickness of 17 mm and a density of 0.65, made from 7.5 dm 3 of dry raw material of EXCEL quality and 0.75 dm 3 of MEDIUM + C 10 binder dried in a furnace during 144 minutes at 70 ° C, plus 192 minutes at 50 ° C, under a pressure of 16 bar. Sample A7: Material according to the invention with a thickness of 20 mm and a density of 0.625, made from 8 dm3 of dry raw material of EXCEL quality and 1.115 dm3 of MEDIUM + C10 binder dried in an oven for 40 minutes at 120 ° C + 60 minutes at 70 ° C under a pressure of 20 bar.

Sample A10: Material according to the invention with a thickness of 15 mm and a density of 0.35, made from 10 dm3 of dry raw material of EXCEL quality and 1.1 dm3 of MEDIUM + C10 binder, under a pressure of 10 bars. Sample Al2: Material according to the invention with a thickness of 20 mm and a density of 0.46, made from 20 dm3 of dry raw material of EXCEL quality and 0.750 dm3 of MEDIUM + C10 binder, dried in an oven for 60 minutes at 120 ° C, plus 180 minutes at 70 ° C, under a pressure of 6.25 bar. Sample A13: Material according to the invention with a thickness of 17.5 mm and a density of 0.6, made from 20 dm3 of dry raw material of EXCEL quality and 0.7 dm3 of oven-dried MEDIUM + C10 binder for 60 minutes at 120 ° C, plus 180 minutes at 70 ° C, under a pressure of 10.7 bars. Sample B2: Material according to the invention with a thickness of 24 mm and a density of 0.56, made from 10 dm3 of dry raw material of BF quality and 0.395 dm3 of MEDIUM + C10 binder, dried in an oven for 60 minutes at 120.degree. C. plus 120 minutes at 100.degree. C. under a pressure of 10.7 bars.

Sample B3: Material according to the invention with a thickness of 20 mm and a density of 0.45, made from 10 dm3 of dry BG raw material and 0.450 dm3 of MEDIUM + C10 binder dried in an oven for 60 minutes at 120 ° C plus 180 minutes at 70 ° C under a pressure of 15 bar; Sample B4: Material according to the invention with a thickness of 19 mm and a density of 0.51, made from 10 dm3 of BF-grade dry raw material and 0.450 dm3 of MEDIUM + C10 binder dried in an oven for 60 minutes at 120 ° C plus 180 minutes at 70 ° C under a pressure of 15 bar. Sample C3: Material according to the invention with a thickness of 20 mm and a density of 0.6, made from 10 dm3 of dry raw material of BF quality and 0.340 dm3 of MEDIUM + C10 binder dried in an oven for 60 minutes at 120 ° C. and 180 minutes at 70 ° C. under a pressure of 15 bars. Sample D1: Material according to the invention with a thickness of 20 mm and a density of 0.49, made from 10 dm3 of dry raw material of BG quality and 0.45 dm3 of binder MEDIUM + C10 dried in a furnace during 60 minutes at 120 ° C plus 180 minutes at 70 ° C under a pressure of 15 bar. Sample D3: Material according to the invention with a thickness of 15 mm and a density of 0.55, made from 10 dm3 of dry raw material of BF quality and 0.450 dm3 of MEDIUM + C10 binder dried in an oven for 60 minutes at 120 ° C plus 180 minutes at 70 ° C under a pressure of 15 bar. Sample L1: Material according to the invention with a thickness of 10 mm and a density of 0.375, made from 5 dm3 of dry raw material of BG quality and 0.3 dm3 of binder MEDIUM + C10 dried in an oven for 60 minutes at 120 ° C plus 120 minutes at 70 ° C under a pressure of 12.5 bar.

Sample L2: Material according to the invention with a thickness of 17.2 mm and a density of 0.417, produced from 0 dm3 of dry raw material of BG quality and 0.6 dm3 of binder MEDIUM + C10 dried in a furnace during 60 minutes at 120 ° C. plus 120 minutes at 70 ° C. under a pressure of 12.5 bars.

Claims (28)

CLAIMS1.) Material, particularly insulating, comprising posidonia and at least one binder and sodium bisulfite. 2.) Material according to claim 1, characterized in that the posidonia are chosen from the species Posidonia angustifolia, Posidonia australis, Posidonia coriacea, Posidonia denhartogii, Posidonia kirkmanii, Posidonia oceanica, Posidonia ostenfeldii, Posidonia robertsoniae, Posidonia sinuosa, preferentially Posidonia oceanica . 3.) Material according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the posidonia are in the form of whole plant, parts of the plant such as leaves or a mixture of different parts of the plant, preferably in the form of whole plants or leaves. 4.) Material according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the posidonia are used dried or dehydrated, preferably dried. 5.) Material according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the posidonia are used in whole form or reduced to pieces of size between 0.1 and 5 cm, preferably between 1 and 3 cm. 6.) Material according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the binder is an adhesive or a resin. 7.) Material according to claim 6, characterized in that the glue is chosen from glues of plant origin, glues of animal origin, synthetic glues, preferably a vinyl glue. 8.) Material according to claim 6, characterized in that the resin is selected from natural resins such as caseins, celluloses and their derivatives such as starch or resins of plant origin, produced by certain plants, including coniferous conifers such as Anguthis australis or kauri, conifers of the Pinus or Picea species, and some species of Callistris which give the resin known as sandarac, or a synthetic resin such as a thermosetting resin such as phenols formaldehyde, resorcin-formaldehyde, urea-formaldehyde, melamine-formaldehyde, polyurethane or adhesives based on thermoplastic resins such as polyamides and polyvinyl ethers. 9.) Material according to claim 8, characterized in that the resin is a polyester resin. 10. Material according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the ratio of the volume of binder to the volume of posidonia, before solidification, is between 0.01 and 0.5, preferably between 0, 02 and 0.1. 11. Material according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the ratio of the thickness of the material to the volume of posidonia, after solidification, is between 0.001 and 0.1, preferably between 0.005 and 0, 05. 12.) Material according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the thermal conductivity coefficient of the final material is between 0.01 and 0.2, preferably between 0.05 and 0.15. 13. Material according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the density of the final material may be between 0.1 and 0.75, preferably between 0.15 and 0.6. 14.) Material according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the sodium bisulfite is in an amount of between 5% and 15%, preferably between 8% and 12%. 15 15.) Material according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that it has a ratio of the thickness to the posidonia volume greater than 0.05, a ratio of the volume of binder to the posidonia volume less than 0.039 , a thermal conductivity coefficient of less than 0.063 and a density of less than 0.35 and which contains 10% of sodium bisulphite. 20 16.) A method of manufacturing a material according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that it comprises a. a first step during which pre-harvested posidonia is rinsed, b. a second step during which posidonia is freed from all foreign bodies; c. a third step during which the posidonies obtained in step 2 are dried; d. a fourth step during which the dried posidonies are mixed in step 3 with the binder; 30 e. a fifth step of solidification of the mixture obtained in step 4. 17.) A method according to claim 16, characterized in that the first rinsing step is performed with water, preferably soft, optionally under pressure, preferably by soaking posidonia in a body of water in rapid movements caused by insufflation compressed air. 35 18.) A method according to any one of claims 16 or 17, characterized in that the third step of the process is carried out by drying in the open air or in a desiccant, preferably in the open air. 19.) A method according to any one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in that the fourth step is carried out by manual mixing or mixing through a concrete mixer, or through an industrial type mixer, preferably by a concrete mixer, which will have advantageously removed the pale. 20.) Process according to any one of claims 16 to 19, characterized in that the fifth step of the process is carried out by drying in the open air for a time of between 900 and 4320 minutes, preferably between 2160 and 2880 minutes. 21.) A method according to any one of claims 16 to 19, characterized in that the fifth step of solidification of the mixture is carried out by mechanical means such as an oven or an oven or hot plate presses. 22. A process according to claim 21, characterized in that the solidification of the mixture is carried out in an oven, at a drying temperature which may be between 130 ° C and 170 ° C, preferably between 145 ° C and 155 ° C. ° C, for a time between 15 and 75 minutes, preferably between 30 and 60 min. 23. The method of claim 22, characterized in that it comprises a second drying step wherein the drying temperature may be between 55 ° C and 85 ° C, preferably between 65 ° C and 75 ° C for a time which may be between 50 and 130 minutes, preferably between 60 and 120 minutes. 24. A method according to one of claims 16 to 23, characterized in that in step 5, the mixture is further introduced into a mold and subjected to a pressure of between 5 and 30 bar, preferably between 10 and 30 bar. and 20 bars. 25.) Method according to one of claims 16 to 24, characterized in that it further comprises an additional step of grinding posidonia before use before step 4. 26. The method of claim 25, characterized in that after grinding, the pieces of posidonia have a size between 0.1 and 5 cm, preferably between 1 and 3 cm. 27.) Material obtainable by the method as described in any one of claims 16 to 26. 28.) Use of a material according to one of claims 1 to 14, and 27, as insulating material.